RANGANATHAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE REC Kalvi Nagar, Coimbatore 109 ECE Department IV Yr./ VII Sem.

. Television Engineering (080290057) UNIT -1 2 Marks question & Answer 1. Explain how illusion of moving picture & continuity is created in TV system The illusion of moving picture & continuity is created in TV system because of the defect in the human eye called as Persistence of vision. Its value is 1/16 seconds , that is if 16 pictures are seen by human eye , it can recognize these pictures as 16 different pictures . If no. of pictures viewed in 1 sec. is more than 16 all the pictures are integrated as one picture. In case of TV system the picture frequency is 25 pictures/sec. which much higher than the Persistence of vision , hence the illusion of moving picture & continuity is created in TV system 2. What do you understand by flicker? The result of 24 pictures per second in motion pictures and that of scanning 25 frames per second in television pictures is enough to make an illusion of continuity. But, they are not rapid enough to permit the brightness of one picture or frame to blend smoothly in the next through the time when the screen is blanked between successive frames. This develops in a definite flicker of light that is very irritating to the observer when the screen is made alternately bright and dark. 3. How will you solve the flickering problem? The flickering problem is solved in motion pictures by showing each picture twice. Hence 50 views of the scene are shown per second although they are still the same 25 pictures frames per second. As a result of the increased blanking rate, flicker is removed. In TV, Interlaced scanning is used to avoid flicker. 4. Define scanning & its types. Scanning is the important process carried out in a television system in order to obtain continuous frames and provides motion of picture. The scene is scanned both in the horizontal and vertical directions simultaneously in a rabid rate called as horizontals & Vertical scanning respectively. As a result sufficient number of complete picture of frames per second is obtained to give the illusion of continuous motion. 5. What type of video transmission is used & why? Negative Video transmission is used in TV system , in which the white colour is represented by low voltage and black colour is represented by high voltage due to following reasons. Low transmission Power requirement Noise appears as black spots and less disturbing to viewers. 6. Show that the highest modulating frequency handled in a Monochrome 625 line System is 5MHz. Video Band width is given as f= Na x K x Aspect ratio 2 x ta When Na = No. of active lines = 645-40 = 585 , ta = Active line period = 52 K = Kell factor =0.69 Aspect Ratio = width of TV screen/ height of TV screen = 4:3 f= {585(.69) (4/3)} / 2( 50x10^-6) 7.