Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Anatomi Janin
BPD (Bi Parietal Diameter)
The cerebellar diameter should approximately equal the weeks of gestation. (EG 19weeks=19mm) Normal cisterna magna is less than 10mm. A normal nuchal fold is less than 6mm (between 1720weeks).
The Lateral Ventricles should be less than 10 mm in diameter (best measured at the occipital horn). The CHOROID PLEXII should be homogenous. Small, and sometimes multiple, choroid plexus cysts are common finding on high resolution equipment. They are of doubtful significance as an isolated finding.
PROFILE - ensure the mandible is appropriate size, nasal bone is present and there is a normal face/head shape.
Lens Eye
NOSE & LIPS: From the 'face' image, rotate the probe to visualise the nose and lips front on. 2 distinctly seperate nodules and in intact hypoechoic upper lip should be seen. 2 distinctly septate nostrils and an intact hypoechoic top lip.
Fetal Heart
Fetal Abdomen The Abdominal Circumference must include the portal section from the umbilical vein, the stomach and a true cross section of the spine with 3 ossification centres. It should be circular in shape.
Jenis Kelamin
Fetal Spine
Fetal Ekstremitas
The Femur Length should only be measured when the femur is horizontal (beam is perpendicular) and shadows evenly- at least from both ends.
Lower limbs
Confirm the presence and equal size of the tibia and fibula bilaterally. The foot should not be seen. A rounded base at the base of the leg when seen front on. If you can see the tibia, fibula and foot in one plane, suspect talipes. Rotate 90degrees to see the sole of the foot and the toes.
Upper limbs
Similar to the leg, confirm the presence and size of length of the 3 long bones in each arm.
Plasenta Normal Normal Placenta. The normal placenta (P) has a granular appearance with a smooth surface defined by its covering chorionic membrane (C, arrow). The retroplacental complex of blood vessels (black arrows) is an important sonographic landmark in the diagnosis of placental abruption.
Normal Placental Venous Lakes. Venous lakes (large arrows) appear as focal echolucent areas just beneath the chorionic membrane (C, small arrow), A, or within the substance of the placenta (P), B. Note the swirling blood flow (small arrow) in B. Venous lakes are incidental finding of no clinical significance.
10
Acrania
Anembryonic gestation
11
Bicornuate uterus
Bilobed placenta
Blight Ovum
12
Circumvallate Placenta
13
14
Ectopia Cordis
Fetal Cataract
15
Fetal Club
Fetal Hydronephrosis
16
17
Icthyosis In Fetus
Kehamilan Ektopik
18
Mola Hidatidosa
Plasenta Previa
19
Plasenta Accreta
20
Cephaloceles
Tetralogy of Fallot
21
Tricuspid Dysplasia
22
Aortic Stenosis
Pulmonis Stenosis
23
Myelomeningocele
Myelocele
24
Kehamilan Kembar
4-5 minggu 6 minggu
7 minggu
8 minggu
12 minggu
15 minggu
25
15 minggu
17 minggu
17 minggu 19 minggu
26