HRPLAN2013

2013
Human Resource and Capacity Development Plan for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction in India GovernmentofIndia National Institute of Disaster Management

New Delhi
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HumanResourceandCapacityDevelopmentPlanfor DisasterManagementandRiskReductioninIndia
(GovernmentofIndia) 2013

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT NEW DELHI-110002

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Foreward

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Acknowledgement

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Abbreviations

NGOs HRD : : : : : : : : : : NonGovernmentOrganization HumanResourceDevelopment NationalInstituteofDisasterManagement HumanResourcePlan IndianInstituteofDisasterManagement DepartmentofPersonnel&Training IndianInstituteofTechnology IndianInstituteofManagement NationalDisasterManagementAuthority EnvironmentalPlanningandCoordinationOrganization NIDM HRplan IIPA

DoPT IIT IIM

NDMA EPCO NORAD UNICEF

: : UnitedNationChildrensFund WorldWildlifeFundforNature DisasterMitigationInstitute,Bhopal UniversityGrantCommission MinistryofEnvironmentandForests AdministrativeTrainingInstitute UnitedNationDevelopmentProgramme WaterandLandManagementInstitute ForestResearchInstitute,Dehradun KrishiVigyanKendras DisasterRiskReduction AwarenessandPreparednessforEmergenciesatLocalLevel IndiraGandhiNationalOpenUneversity 5

WWF: DMI UGC : : : : : : : : : : :

MoEF ATI

UNDP WALMI FRI

KVKs DRR

APELL IGNOU

 HRPLAN2013 BHU CSIR : : : : : BanarasHinduUniversity,Varanasi CouncilofScientificandIndustrialResearch IndiaDisasterManagementCongress BachelorofTechnology AllIndiaCouncilforTechnicalEducation

IDMC B.Tech AICTE NITs CBSE NCERT

:NationalInstituteofTechnology : CentralBoardofSecondaryEducation

:NationalCouncilofEducationalResearchandTraining

MHA:MinistryofHomeAffairs NDRF:NationalDisasterResponseForce NCC:NationalCadetCorps TNA FEMA USEPA NCDC TISS EIA WHO AIIMS NIOH ICMR ICSE LBSNAA IGNFA ASCI PPP MHRD : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : TrainingNeedAnalysis FederalEmergencyManagementAuthority UnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency NationalCivilDefenseCollege,Nagpur TataInstituteofSocialSciences EnvironmentImpactAssessment WorldHealthOrganization AllIndiaInstituteofMedicalSciences,NewDelhi NationalInstituteofOccupationalHealth,Ahmadabad IndianCouncilofMedicalResearch,NewDelhi IndianCertificateofSecondaryEducation LalBahadurShastriNationalAcademyofAdministration,Mussorie IndianGandhiNationalForestryAcademy AdministrativeStaffCollegeofIndia,Hydrabad PublicPrivatePeoplePartnership MinistryofHumanResourceandDevelopment 6

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Contents
Forward Acknowledgement Abbreviations

PageNo.

1. Context
1.1

DisasterRiskReductionandManagementinIndia

2. NeedsandCapacityAssessment
2.1

1.2

ApproachestoDisasterManagementandRiskReduction
Currentpractice(TrainingMethodology)

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3.InstitutionalAnalysis
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11

NationalInstituteofDisasterManagement: DisasterManagementInstituteBhopal: StateDisasterManagementTrainingCentre(s) OtherStateTrainingInstitutes HigherEducationSector BasicCollegeEducation EngineeringEducation MedicalEducation SchoolEducation DisasterManagementEducationinCivilServices CapacityDevelopmentProgrammesofNDMA/MHA

4.CapacityGaps

4.1CreationofCadreofDisasterManagementProfessionals

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5.PrioritizationofTrainingNeeds
5.1 5.2 5.3

Training Education TrainingandCapacityDevelopmentFrameworkatDistrictandStatelevels

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6.ImplementationStrategy 7.TimeframeandBudget

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8.ListofFigures

Figure1:Paradigmshiftsindisastermanagementapproachworldwide Figure2:DisastermanagementcycleanapproachtoholisticDM

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14 43 47 48 57

Figure3:ConvergingdifferentDMapproachworldwidetowardsaholisticDRM Figure4:Institutionalmappingforeducation,trainingandresearchinDM Figure5:DistrictlevelinstitutionalnetworkforDMrelatedcapacitydevelopment

Figure6:StatelevelinstitutionalframeworkforDMRR,HRandcapacitydevelopment Figure7:CapacityDevelopmentisanintegratedframework

9.ListofTables

Table1:InstitutesandInstitutionalnetworkworkingonDisasterManagementinIndia 25 Table2:Disasterandtheirmanagementatdifferentlevel 37 40 45 50

Table3:NationalCapacityDevelopment(Training):InstitutionalFramework Table4:Listofindicativekeyfunctions/interventionsinmanagementofdifferentdisasters Table5:Education&ResearchPromotionFramework

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1. Context

HAPTER

Indias geoenvironmental settings, ecological fragility as well as its high degree of socioeconomic vulnerabilitymakeitoneofthemostdisasterpronecountriesintheworld.Duringthelast30yearstime spanthecountryhasfacedmorethan430disasters1resultingintoenormouslosstolife,environment and economy. Indian land is highly vulnerable to floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides, avalanche, forest fires, pestattack, pandemic, industrial/chemical disasters. Mishaps of the recent past like urban floods, oilspills, radioactive waste, dam breach floods, epidemics, building collapse, building fire, bomb blast, stampede have added the complexity of the challenge. Increasing incidences and resultingdamagesduetoroadandrailmishapsareaddingdimensionstodisasterrisk.Understandinga disasters origin matters as key to disaster risk and vulnerability reduction and to strategize disaster managementpreparedness. Anaturaldisasterisonethatemergesintheenvironmentalsettingsbenatural,managedorcivilized. In understanding the origin of a natural disaster the term natural implies to nature of an event, process, condition or material (a hazard) that is responsible for causing catastrophe, damage or major loss. It may be related to one or more of geological, hydrometeorological, industrial, urban or other naturalenvironments. Ahumaninduced disasterisonethattrigger/cause(hazards)ofwhichisgeneratedbysomehuman influenceoranthropogenicactivitybutthedisasterisnotcreateddirectlybyhumanbeingbutdevelops asoutcomeofnatureofinitiatedevent,process,conditionormaterial. A manmadedisasteristhedirectcreation/activityofhumanbeing(s)withdirect/indirectknowledge oftherisk/resultantcatastrophe/damage/lossorduetoserioushuman/technicalfailureandhazard(s) arecreatedorutilizedtogeneratetheoutcome.Thesearemostlyrelatedtodisciplinaryperformanceor securityfailure,defense/warandmassmanagement/law&orderaspects. Disaster as defined by United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR)

UNISDR, A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.
Disaster as defined by the National Act on Disaster Management 2005, Disaster means a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence in any area, arising from natural or manmade causes, or by accident or negligence which results in substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage to and destruction of property, or damage to, or degradation of environment, and is of such a nature or magnitudeastobebeyondthecopingcapacityofthecommunityoftheaffectedarea.
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MHA(2011)DisasterManagementInIndia

 HRPLAN2013 Outof35statesandUTsinthecountry,27aremultihazardprone.Almost58.6percentoflandisprone to earthquakes of moderate to very high intensity; over 40 million hectares (12 percent of land) are prone to floods and river erosion, coastlines close to 5,700 km is prone to cyclones and tsunamis; 68 percent of the cultivable area is vulnerable to drought and hilly areas are at risk from landslides and avalanches.Nearly22statesandUTshaveindustrialestablishmentswithMajorAccidentHazard(MAH) units and are posed with risk of chemical industrial disasters. Increasing trend of ewaste generation, plasticwaste,useofagrochemicals,GeneticallyModifiedOrganisms(GMOs)areposingnewrisks. Itiscriticalforourstrategiesthatthedisasterrelateddamagesandlossesareincreasing.Climatechange implicationscoupledwithecologicaldegradationespeciallyintheHimalayas,coastalareas,andinurban areas, have aggravated the disasters like floods, drought, cyclone, fire, pestattack and extreme events. Increasing population density and biotic pressure on land, ecosystems and resources are key contributors of peoples vulnerability to the disasters. Level of education and knowledge, income, technology, innovations, traditional wisdom, social cohesiveness, level of alertness and attitude all togetherdeterminethecapacitytowithstandthehazardsandtocopewithadisaster. 1.1 DisasterRiskReductionandManagementinIndia Disaster Management in India until 2003 was primarily looked after by the Ministry of Agriculture. A more systematic institutional framework is provided by the Disaster Management Act 2005. Now, the multidisciplinary, multidepartmental coordinated framework of disaster management in the country functionsunderthecoordinationoftheMinistryofHomeAffairs,andtheNationalDisasterManagement Authority at National level. NIDM as an apex institute on capacity development and training, functions with the broad guidance of NDMA and affiliated with the Ministry of Home Affairs, is mandated for development of national human resource plan for disaster management. Disaster management in India has drawn the concept of a tiered institutional approach of holistic planning and implementation from the Emergency Preparedness Planning and Response Rules 1996 under the Environmental Protection Act, 1986. The traditionally existing dealing of disaster management as synonym with revenue and relief department with the State/UT Governments has witnessed a shift towards an institutional mechanismthatfocusesmoreonprevention,mitigationandpreparednessthroughadequatepredisaster planningandproactiveactions. District administration with DDMA is a key unit of disaster risk reduction planning and disaster management actions, whereas the State DMAs are mandated for development and implementation of statelevelplansandpolicies.NDMAatthenationallevelisentrustedwiththeprimaryresponsibilityof development of policy and guidelines. Given the new dimensions of climatechange impacts and ecological degradation pace, the national and state frameworks are focused towards more multi institutionalsettingsinplanningandactions.However,thecentralcoordinationnecessarilyremainswith the interdisciplinary with multifaceted knowledge and authority. District and State plans of disaster managementthatincorporatethe componentsofhazard,riskand vulnerabilityassessment;prevention andmitigationplan,andaresponse planalsoprovidethestrategiesforsustainablereconstructionand recovery mechanisms in postdisaster situation, disaster impact (damage and loss) assessment, and integrationofDRRintoenvironmentalactionanddevelopmental planningsoastomainstreamdisaster 10

 HRPLAN2013 management into the process of sustainable development so as to ascertain economic efficiency and resourceefficiencyforthepresentandfuturegenerationsaswell. TheHighPoweredCommitteeondisastermanagementsetupbytheGovernmentofIndiahasidentified 33typeofdisasterscategorizedintovarioussubgroupsashydrometeorological,industrial&chemical, geological, biological and accident related disasters. Tsunami was added later to the list. A neo classificationofdisastersthatarerelevanttotheIndiaandtheregionisgivenbelowtohelpfacilitatea betterunderstandingastheoriginmattersinofmanagementstrategiesforadisastertype. 1. Environmentaldisasters(ofnaturalormanmadeorigin) a) Earthquake,landslides,flood,drought,cyclone,etc. b) Extremeweathereventsstorms,thunder,coldwave,heatwave,cloudburst,etc. c) Chemicalaquaticarsenic,fluoride,rockgasrelease,etc. d) Firesforestfire,agricultureorplantationfires,etc. e) Epidemicshuman,animalorplantdiseaseoutbreak,pandemics,pestattack,etc. 2. Technological/Sectorialdisasters a) Industrial (Chemical, Mining, Electrical/Power, etc. fire, explosion, toxic release, high reaction radioactivity,etc. b) Rail,Aviation,Nuclearmishaps(technicaloroperationalfailures) 3. Securitythreats&civildisasters a) Terrorism,sabotage,bombblast,etc. b) Roadaccidents 4. Wardisasters(warisanextraordinarycircumstancethereforeseparatelycategorized) 5. FestivalrelateddisastersStampede,etc.(purelyrelatedtoorganizationalorlaw&orderconcern/ panicbehaviouralchallenge/rumororconfusion)

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 HRPLAN2013 However, High Powered Committee has given the following classification of disaster

ClassificationofHazardsbyHPC
NATURAL DISASTER
EARTHQUAKE CYCLONE FLOOD AVALANCHE HEATWAVE DROUGHT TSUNAMI HURRICANE LANDLSIDE HAILSTORM COLDWAVE FOREST FIRE

MANMADE DISASTER
FAMINE ACCIDENTS INDUSTRIAL DISASTER RIOTS HIJACKING BIOLOGICAL WARFARE EPIDEMICS FIRE DAM BURSTS TERRORISM CHEMICAL WARFARE NUCLEAR WARFARE

1.2ApproachestoDisasterManagementandRiskReduction Overthepastcoupleofyears,theGovernmentofIndiahasbroughtaboutaparadigmshiftinthe approach to disaster management. The new approach proceeds from the conviction that development cannot be sustainable unless disaster mitigation is built into the development process. Another corner stone of the approach is that mitigation has to be multidisciplinary spanningacrossallsectorsofdevelopment.Furtheraneweraof2ndparadigmshiftisunderway in the awakening brought in by climatechange awareness, livelihood and sustainability concernsandgrowingfocusontheimportanceofecosystemservicesinaddressinghazardsand peoplessocioeconomicvulnerability(Figure1). Figure1:Paradigmshiftsindisastermanagementapproachworldwide
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TheParadigmshiftapproachhasbeentranslatedintoaNationalDisasterFrameworkcovering institutional mechanisms, disaster prevention strategy, early warning system, disaster mitigation,preparednessandresponseandhumanresourcedevelopment.Theexpectedinputs, areasofinterventionandagenciestobeinvolvedattheNational,Stateanddistrictlevelshaveto beidentified.Mitigation,preparednessandresponsearemultidisciplinaryfunctions,involvinga numberofMinistries/Departments.Institutionalmechanismswhichwouldfacilitatethisinter disciplinaryapproacharebeingputinplace.ItisnowplannedtocreateDisasterManagement Authorities, both at State levels and district levels, with representatives from the relevant Ministries/Departmentstobringaboutthiscoordinatedandmultidisciplinaryplanwithexperts covering a large number of branches. Hence the Training Need Analysis is required to be conductedbyeachsectortoidentifytheknowledge,skillsandattitudegapsforallthestagesof disaster management cycle i.e. Response, Relief, reconstruction, recovery, mitigation and preparedness.PleaseseetheDisasterManagementcycle(Figure2).

Figure2:DisastermanagementcycleanapproachtoholisticDM There have been developments in approach to disaster management at different levels and directions,forexample,bottomupapproachthatemergedfromtheexperiencesandinitiatives of the people, whereas the top down approach adopted by the Governments showing great awakening and commitment towards institutionalizing the disaster risk management within planningandimplementationframework.However,theunderstandingofdisastersimpactsand management revolved primarily in relief actions shifted focus towards engineering based interventions. Finding the gaps in these approaches emerged the ground action of community based risk reduction and DM until the recent emergence of environment based approach that
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advocates the blending of the approaches towards sustaining the outcome of mitigation while maintainingtheconcernsforlivelihood,environmentandresourcesforthefutureaswell. Figure 3 manifests the different approaches worldwide in practice in DRR, where more integration is now in call of the strategy. An incident management system approach that primarily born in the military operations and well practiced by the United States natural resource department for forest fire management system, were later evolved by Federal Emergency Management Authority(FEMA)/ United States Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA) forpromptandeffectiveresponseinitiallyinchemicalemergenciesandlaterforallnaturalor complexdisastersaswell.
Figure3:ConvergingdifferentDMapproachworldwidetowardsaholisticDRM

DisasterManagementCycle Multihazardcapacitybuildingisrequiredforallthestagesofdisastermanagementcycle. Disaster: A hazardous event that causes unacceptably large impact on life, overwhelming propertydamage,ecologicalimpactsandtherebycausinghumansufferingsandsocioeconomic impacts. It may be of origin from the environmental system or processes natural, human induced or manmade; technological or human failure, civil or security related challenge. Increasinghumaninterventionsinthenaturalenvironmentbedirectlyorindirectly,hasmade thelinebetweensocallednaturalmanmadedisastersasblurred. Response: Immediate response to disaster for saving life, property and environment, i.e. evacuation, search & rescue activities, emergency medical aid, site cleanup, protection from furtherimpacts,emergencyrestoration,debrisremovalanddisposal,drainageclearance,etc.

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Relief: Aimed at reducing grieves of the affected, the provision of assistance or intervention during or immediately after a disaster incidence for life preservation and basic subsistence of those people affected. It can be of an immediate, shortterm, or protracted duration, including shelter, water & sanitation, safe food, environmentalhealth, waste management, psychosocial care,law&order,etc. Recovery:Planningdecisionsandactionstakenafteradisasterforrestoringorimprovingthe predisaster living conditions of the community, while reducing undue burden on ecological resources and natural systems, encouraging livelihood sustainability, health and community harmony,facilitatingnecessaryadjustmentstoreducefuturedisasterrisk. Reconstruction: Restoration of the housing and infrastructure damaged during a disaster. Sustainable reconstruction includes up gradation and modernization of infrastructure along with the inclusion of disaster resistance and green technology, resource optimization while takingaccountofenvironmentalandsocialimpacts. Prevention:Activitiestoprovideoutrightreductionoravoidanceofthehazardsanditsimpacts at the source or origin level and means to minimize any related natural or anthropogenic, technological or civil disasters. Disaster prevention involves the broader array of resistance avoidance, tolerance and impact absorbance. A blend of the three is sometimes referred to as ResilienceandemphasizesonaCultureofPrevention&Safety. Mitigation: Structural and nonstructural measures undertaken adopting physical, environmental, engineering, social, economic and/or regulatory approaches to contain the hazards from causing adverse impact on people, environment, property or any kind of human wellbeing.Mitigationencompasseswiderrangeofactivitiesstartingfromknowingthehazards andreducingvulnerabilitytopreparednessandpostdisasteractionstoreducetheimpacts,with different approaches based on regulatory planning, engineering, ecological and community basedinterventions. Preparedness : Planning and readiness activities and measures taken in advance to ensure effectiveresponsetoanarisingdisastersituation,includingtheissuanceoftimelyandeffective early warnings and the temporary evacuation of people and their resources from threatened locations,forcleanup,search&rescue,emergencymedicalaid,drainageclearance,emergency protection,emergencyreserveofresources,etc.

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HAPTER

2. NeedsandCapacityAssessment

Achieving the goal of an holistic approach to disaster management need a framework of a capable institutional setup with competent professionals, educators, trainers and field practiceners in different aspectsofthedisastermanagement,startingfromaddressinghazardsandvulnerability,preventionand mitigation,preparedness,earlywarning,reliefandrecoverytobeplannedandtheirdeliveriesorganized in a systematic fashion. It is also required to have the capacities to ensure the disaster mitigation and management actions do not create future risks or jeopardize the sustainably of the natural resource of thelivelihoodsystems.Itis,therefore,necessarytoidentifytheexistingdeficienciesinthesystem,based onexperiencewithrespecttopreviousdisastersaswellastheemergingneedsofchangingdisasterrisk scenarios, for example, the growing challenges due to climatechange impacts, urban agglomeration, migration,environmentaldegradation,andindustrialdevelopment. Indias disaster management institutions and systems are largely with the government as the key responders and other institutions such as corporate, civil society, NGOs and the community assist as supportatthetimeofdisasters.Thedisastermanagerslocatedwiththegovtdepartments,professionals intheprivatesectorandpeopleworkingwiththeNGOsareactuallynottrainedtotakeupsuchjob.Most ofthedisastermanagersandtheirtemperamentisnotsuitedfordisastermangersbuttheyareinvolved indisastermanagement.Professionalsworkingwiththegovernmentpostedinthevulnerabledistrictsas district collectors or as second in command and down the line and in other line department officers hardly get an opportunity to get trained on the issues related to disaster management. Disaster managementisaveryspecializedandhighlyskilledjob.Thiscannotbeundertakenunprofessionallywith adhocapproach.Inthemostvulnerableanddisasterpronedistrictsofthecountrythereisabsolutelyno practiceofcheckingthebackgroundofthepersonofhisorherexperienceindisastermanagement.There are many different considerations for the posting in the district rather than disaster management considerations. And, hence, there is a wide gap in the knowledge, skills and attitude of the disaster managerstocatertheneedfordisasterprevention,mitigation,preparednessandresponse. DepartmentofPersonnelandTraining(DoPT),thenodalministryforthetrainingandcapacitybuilding in the country, has hardly taken any initiative to streamline the disaster management related training. Also,itisimportanttounderstandthatdisastermanagementisjustnotonedepartmentapproach.Itisa crosssectoralissue.InIndiamostofthesectorshavenotvisualizedtheirroleasdisastermanagersand thatiswhywholeplanningassumptionisbasedonthelinearapproachprinciple.Henceithascreateda largegapintheskillsrequiredandtheexistingskillsoftheprofessionalsworkinginthefield.Tobridge this gap it is important to have HRD plan supported with the Strategy for Implementation. The human resource and capacity development plan need to focus on (a) Knowledge, (b) Skills and (c) Attitude to helpimprovetheproficiencyoftheperformingstakeholders.ThemeansofachievingtheDRRobjectives, thegoalsetforDisasterManagementandRiskReductionCapacityDevelopment(DMRR)arefollowing: 16

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GoalofDMRRcapacitydevelopment
GoalofthenationalcapacitybuildingeffortsforDMRRis Developing self reliance in understanding risks associated with hazards & vulnerability, planning & reducing risk and preparing for the residualriskofdisasters,withmaintainingabilityofresilienceforrecovery,throughthefollowing twoaims: 1. Reducingdisastersrisksandimpactstohelpfostertheprocessofsustainabledevelopment 2. Inculcatethecultureofprevention&safetyinlivingandactions,andmaintainingpeoplesright toliveingoodhealthandsafeenvironment. Inordertoachievetheabovegoalanditsaboveenvisagedtwo keyaims,followingobjectivesofhuman resource capacity development have been agreed upon. The principal routes of improving proficiency and capacity are (1) education and (2) training. Research is an inseparable area or intervention for effective education and training. Research is also imperative for sustaining the abilities and for the cultureofinnovationandcontinualimprovement.Thougheducationandtrainingaretreatedseparately inthehumanresourceandcapacitydevelopmentframework,thesetwoaretosomeextentoverlapping in their modes of implementation and achievements particularly the case of higher and professional education. There are certain dedicated training institutes where education and research goes hand in hand along training interventions, whereas higher education especially those using exercise and field basedlearning,observationandexperiments,includingsampling,analytical,designandplanningrelated contexts are actually training intensive education. Therefore, the broad framework of human resource and capacity development shall revolve around the central framework of education, training and research to be spread across the government, society, corporate and cooperation among various stakeholders. Objectivesofcapacitydevelopmentinthecontextarefollowing: DMRRCapacitydevelopmentpropoundsforfollowingfourkeyobjectives: a. DevelopingKnowledge,SkillsandAttitudewithsenseofaccountability b. Wisdombasedplanningandharmoniousmechanismofimplementation(ratherthanplumpyor jargonous) c. Developingselfmotivationandparticipatoryunderstandingandcooperation d. Proficiencyforunderstanding,analysing,coordinating,managingtheriskreductionstrategyand actions. e. Preparecommunitybyinformingcommunityforriskmanagementanddisasterreponse f. Buildthecapacityofinstitutionsandindividualsengagedindisasterriskmanagementand response.

2.1PresentScenario: Currently,thekeyinstitutionsforimpartingtraininginthedisastermanagementsectoratthenational level is National Institute of Disaster Management and at the state and the district levels, Centre for 17

 HRPLAN2013 Disaster Management located at the Administrative Training Institutions. All these institutions are organizingnearly450500programmesinayear.Theyarelargelyprovidingtrainingtothegovernment officials. Other than this, a few NGOs are also engaged in training and capacity building activities by organizing programmes for the community and the local level functionaries. In almost all the training programmesthemethodswhicharebeingusedpredominantlyisthelecturemethod.Almost90percent of the inputs in these training programmes are based on the method which is most suitable for child learning(BeingTold).Theinputswithadultlearningprocess(thinking,trialanderror,simulationbased learning) are very negligible. Participants, over the years, who all are attending these programmes are givingregularfeedbacktotheseinstitutionsthattheyneedpracticaltraininginsteadoftheoreticalonly. Hence,thereisanurgentneedtorevampthetrainingdeliverymethodswhicharecurrentlyinuse.The paradigmshiftisneededinthecountryformakingajudiciousmixofvariousadultlearningmethods.But, thisisnotasimpletask.Mostofthetraininginstitutionsaredependentontheresourcepersonswhoare eitherworkingwiththegovernmentanddischargingvariousdutiesorretiredascivilservants.Theyare havinglotofexperiencewiththemtosharewiththeparticipantsbuttheyarenottrainers.Hencethereis aneedtocreatecadreoftrainerswhounderstandthevariousmethodsofadultlearningsothattheymay plantheirlessonsaccordingly.Also,thesimulationbasedtrainingisanexpensiveone.Thecostdedicated tothetrainingprogrammesneedtobeenhanced.Thereisalsoadilemmawiththeinstitutions. Persons to be trained are huge number so the focus would be on quantity and the quality gets compromised. Conducting a simulation and field based training is very intensive exercise. The current approach adopted by these institutions probably will not allow in the desired shift. Hence the HR plan suggests some policy change in the training and capacity building if we are really concerned about the quality changeinthetrainingwhichmaybringsomesubstantialchangeattheground,wedonothaveanyoption buttochangethefocus. NIDM, over the years is trying to put in the application of various training methods. Case study, interactive,fieldexposureandsimulationbasedtraininghaswideracceptanceandisfoundtobeuseful than the restricted class room oriented programme. HR plan would emphasize in redesigning the programmesbyusingmuchmoresimulations,casestudymethods,groupexercises,fieldvisitsetcwhich will have more of adult learning methods than the child learning in the existing as well the new programmes. HighmultihazardvulnerabilityoftheIndiancontinentposesagreatchallenge beforethenational and subnational governments to mitigate and prevent the impact of disasters through an integrated approach.BuildinghumanresourcecapacitiesatalllevelsoftheGovernmentandthecommunityisone of the key elements in the national roadmap prepared by Govt. of India for disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness and response. Hence we need to conceptualize the Capacity Development framework with mutihazard, interdisciplinary (blend of sciences, humanities and engineering) and multilevels commiserating with the prevailing environmental, socioeconomic, cultural and technologicalbackground.

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2.2 Capacity Development Framework

Capacity has been defined as the ability of the people, organisations and society as a whole to manage their affairs successfully. Capacity Building is the creation of an enabling environment with appropriate policy and legal frameworks, institutional development, including community participation (of women, in particular), humanresourcesdevelopmentandstrengtheningofmanagerialsystems.Therefore,capacitybuildingisalong term, continuous process, in which all stakeholders participate. It is much more than training and hence involves human resource development, organisational development and development of an institutional and legalframework.Everyindividual,communityandorganisationhassomeinherent capacity whichneeds tobe acknowledged and further developed. Therefore, focus is on Capacity Development as a process whereby people, organisations and society as a whole unleash, strengthen, create, adapt and maintain capacity over time. Capacity Development Framework is an integrated frameworkthatinvolvesallthesectorsandstakeholders at all levels in relation to all hazards. Multi hazard includes all the hazards confronting hazards. Multi sector involves all the stakeholders involved with the management of risks in all the phases of disaster management cycles, which include various branches of the government, scientific, technical and academic organisations, civil society, media, corporate sector, community, family and even individuals. Multilevel implies regional, national, provincial and local levels. This widens the scope of capacity development to include a whole range of actors. This plan should be viewed in the context of this overarching Capacity DevelopmentFramework.

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3.InstitutionalAnalysis

HAPTER

Institutions and institutional networks in India have been working on DM and RR related training and educationalactivities,aregiveninTable1.Primarilytheinstitutionspioneeringeducationandtrainingin theareaofdisasterpreparednessandreliefwerefollowing: 1. NationalCentreforDisasterManagement(nowNIDM) 2. DisasterManagementInstitute,Bhopal 3. NationalCivilDefenseCollege,Nagpur 4. NationalFireServiceCollege,Nagpur 5. InstituteofEcology&EnvironmentSikkimManipalUniversity 6. TataInstituteofSocialSciences,Mumbai 7. SchoolofEnvironmentManagement,IndraprasthaUniversityDelhi 8. IndiraGandhiNationalOpenUniversityDelhi. Abriefdescriptionofstrengths&weaknessesandopportunitiesintheexistinginstitutionalsettingsof disastermanagementHRCDtrainingandeducationisbeinggivenhere: 3.1NationalInstituteofDisasterManagement: ACentreforDisasterManagementwasestablishedatIndianInstituteofPublicAdministrationin1995by the Ministry of Agriculture. NIDM was created by an office order in 2003 to upgrade the Centre for DisasterManagementofIIPAwhichisanautonomousinstitutionundertheDepartmentofPersonnel& Training(DoPT).However,sinceitsinceptionthestatusofinstituteasautonomousacademicinstitutein thepatternofIndianorNationalinstitutelikeIIT/IIMoraUniversityhasbeenofficiallyuncleardespite of its birth from IIPA with carry forward of the academic staff of NCDM at IIPA to the NIDM. Although bornoriginallyin1995andupgradedtoNIDMin2003theinstitutehasfreshlyprescribeditsmandatein the DM Act of 2005 but the dilemma regarding the staffing, paypattern and institutes faculty and capacity development has been vague. However, NIDM at its campus and with responsibility of implementingandcoordinatingtheCentralSectorScheme,achievedcontinualimprovementintermsof its achievements fulfilling the mandate areas of training, taken up certain research and documentation activitiesandnetworkedatnationalandinternationallevels.BroadguidelinesforNIDMareprescribed byNDMAwhereasitsaffiliationiswiththeMinistryofHomeAffairs.Thelackofcareeradvancementand personnelgrowthopportunities,needofacademicandfunctionalautonomyinparticularforresearch& 20

 HRPLAN2013 development promotion, policy analysis and advancement of faculty capacity are the current key challengeswiththeinstitute. 3.2DisasterManagementInstituteBhopal: By carving out a professional section from the State Governments Environmental Planning and Coordination Organzation (EPCO) in the backdrop of Bhopal gas tragedy, DMI was established in 1987 withthemandateoftraining,documentation,researchandawarenessinindustrialandnaturaldisasters and environmental related other urban and rural planning issues targeting at capacity development of Govt.officials,public/privatesector,etc.Thegeographicalcoverageofactivitieswasentirecountry,and was supported by the NORAD, Central Ministry of Environment and Forests, Central Ministry of Agriculture,UNICEF,WorldBankAidedProject,WWF,DOAP,etc.LaterDMIwasregisteredasaSociety undertheDepttofHousing&EnvironmentofMadhyaPradesh,withstaffingpatterninUGCsystemfor academic staff and Ministrial system for administrative staff. The MoEF plans to support and upgrade DMI as National Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Institute for activities in the area of industrial/chemical disasters, climatechange and other issues of concern in disaster management and riskreduction. 3.3StateDisasterManagementTrainingCentre(s) State level (or UTs) Centres for Disaster Management were made functional in many states/UTs primarily at the State Administrative Training Institutes. In some states these have been created by amending/enhancingthescopeofpreviouslyexistinginstitutesofLandManagementorManagementor Development, whereas case of State DM centres in Universities/Research Institutes (e.g. in Tezpur University,GBPantHinalayanEnvironmentInstituteSikkim)alsoexisted.InsomestateslikeGujarat thestateinstituteofDMwerecreated(proposedinJharkhand, Chhattisgarh,etc.)butdespitethebetter infrastructure developed (or proposed) these lack professional and trained interdisciplinary faculty dedicatedtoworkondisastermanagementandriskreductionissues.Mostofthetimesthefacultywere drawn from the surplus officials or retired persons from line departments/secretariat on contract or deputationandthestabilityoftalentedfacultystaffhasbeenacommonissueofchallenge.Therewere also issues relating to disparity in staffing pattern, qualification, pay pattern etc. of the CDM faculty as wereinaberrationsometimesinthesamecentre,forexample,inAnnaInstituteChennai,HIPAHimachal, HIPAHaryana,DMIBhopal,andmanyotherDMCsfollowUGCpattern,whereasinmanyotherssalaries given were consolidated amount (like at ATI Mysore, Chhattisgarh, etc.). Although, some of these State DM Centres got support from DoPT, UNICEF, UNDP, etc. besides Central Scheme prevailed, adhoc approachcausedstrategicobstaclesespeciallytocontinuethecentresfrom2012onwards. 3.4DisasterManagementinOtherStateTrainingInstitutes DM related trainings and CD activities in the States/UTs remained centred at ATIs and suffered many challenges due to lack of involvement of other state level training and CD institutions including Universities and corporate institutes. Within states, there are institutions, viz., WALMI, Forest Research/Training Institute, Institute of Local Self Government, Environment Planning/Training Institute, SIRD, Regional Soil & Water Conservation Training Institutes, Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs), 21

 HRPLAN2013 NGCs state network, Regional Science Centre, Agricultural Training Institutes, Urban Development Centre,HealthTrainingInstitute,etc.whichontheirownundertakingactivitiesthatrelatedtoDMand DRR,andneedtobemainstreamedintotheHRandCDnetworkatstatelevel.NationalSafetyCouncilhas statechaptersinthestatewithtrainedprofessionalmembers,andhaveimplementedAPELL(Awareness andPreparednessforEmergenciesatLocalLevel)andtheframeworkmaybemainstreamedinholistic DMCDinitiaitives. 3.5DisasterManagementinHigherEducationSector There are 562 Universities in the country including Central Universities and Deemed Universities, and this vast and capable network of institutions, infrastructure and proficiency need to be involved in HR andCDactivitiesforDMandDRR.DMinhighereducationhasbeeninplaceprimarilyunderthemodules of EIA and natural resource management, urban studies, in the Universities abroad like Bradford UniversitySchoolofEnvironment,EIACentreofManchesterUniversity,ColoradoNaturalHazardCentre, Potsdam Institute of Germany, UNU School of Peace and Sustainability, etc. In India, the DM higher educationstartedquitelatewiththeadventofaCertificateandthenaDiplomacourseatIGNOU,followed byM.Sc.courseinIIEEofSikkimManipalUniversity.LatertheM.A./M.Sc.courseinDMwasstartedby TISS School of Habitat Studies and an weekend MBA for working professionals in DM at Indraprastha University School of Environment Management. However, disaster management being of interdisciplinary nature based on blend of sciences and touch of humanities and application of technology, caused increased recognition of disaster management as a discipline in the University starting X and XI plan period. Modules/specializations and courses were started by the Universities primarily under their environmental studies curriculum but in certain instances in geography, social workandmanagementaswell. However,researchinputstookpaceacrosswiderrangeofdisciplinesstartingsocialscienceseconomics, anthropology, law, to sciences ecology, geology, biology, chemistry, to engineering information technology, geoinformatics, civil engineering and planning. Currently, most Central Universities have either/ or are in process of creating Disaster Mangement Centre under the interdisciplinary school of environmentalstudies(BHU,AmbedkarUniv.Lucknow,AllahabadUniv.,CentralUniversitiesofHaryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Bihar, Assam, Sikkim, Amarkantak Tribal University, etc.), whereas certain State Universities (for e.g., Mahatma Gandhi University Kerala, Doon University Dehradun, Ambedkar UniversityDelhi,GautamBudhUniversity,BundelkhandUniversity,JiwajiUniversityGwalior,etc.have started DM studies under their faculty of environment and regional studies. In some cases like in Bhavnagar University, the DM Diploma course runs in Humanities whereas the Punjab University has dual sector DM courses one in environmental geography (Masters course) and another in Defense Studies(Diploma)underPublicAdministrationfaculty.IGNOUalsotakesupcourseonDMunderPublic Administration in Social Sciences and also in Interdisciplinary Environmental Studies under SustainabilityChair.ChitrakootUniversityhaslaunchedDMcourseunderfacultyofchemicalsciences. CentralBuildingResearchInstitute(aCSIRinstitute)hasstartedaM.Sc.indisastermitigation,whereas PunjabTechnicalUniversitylaunchedfullcoursesonindustrialdisasterandfiremanagement.University ofDelhitransformeditscoursesfrompurelysciencebasedtomakeintersciplinaryenvironmentstudies to include disaster management the module, whereas Jawaharlal Nehru University adapted offering electiveondisastermanagementincombinationwithEIAandnaturalresourcemanagementwithinthe 22

 HRPLAN2013 Environment Science course itself. Dr B R Ambedkar University aimed at social science studies has a dedicatedmoduleondisastermanagementunderthefacultyofhumanecology.However,theIDMC2has recommended to maintain the interdisciplinary context of disaster management studies despite of its referenceasadisasterecology,disastereconomics,disastersociologyor disasterengineering.UGChas now considered promoting disaster management education through its scheme of vocation education and support for refresher and orientation courses. IIMs, IITs and IISc have incorporated DRR related aspects in their interdisciplinary curriculum primarily aimed at promoting research and professional development,buthavenotestablisheddedicatededucationalandresearchfacilityonDMrelatedaspects. However, recently established IISERs and new IIMs/IITs have intangibly DRR related aspects in their scopeofwork. 3.6DisasterManagementinBasicCollegeEducation On the initiative of NDMA and with the involvement of NIDM, UGC has developed a model suggestive curriculumofanoptional/specializationmoduleondisastermanagementforallundergraduatestudies across the country to fit in all subject combinations. The course has been designed recognizing the interdisciplinaryinputsrequiredintheteachingofthecourseandtoattractinterestofthestudents.The compulsoryUGCmoduleonenvironmentalstudiesimplementedinallUGstudies1styearorSemester 2, as per directive of Honble Supreme court of India, has a dedicated module on disaster management and the expert committee recommended for its strengthening with project work and field based exercises/learning. Besides, it was also recommended to strengthen DM knowledge in infusing mode acrossothermodulesinscience,socialscience,arts,commerce,agriculture,medical,engineering,biology, pharmacy, management, etc. to cover relevant topics of disaster risk reduction. Recently, there are initiative to induce DM and DRR knowledge through the system of NSS, NCC, college ecoclubs, and culturalprogrammesofstudents. 3.7DisasterManagementinEngineeringEducation Despiteofsafetyandreliabilitybeinganestablishedengineeringdisciplinesininstitutionsabroad,Indian engineering education has rarely incorporated hazard risk management and disaster risk reduction as curricular components, except few modular inputs in environmental engineering, chemical engineering andindustrialengineeringmodulesofB.TechandB.E..However,introductionofdisastermanagementin miningengineeringcoursehasbeenprevailing.Recently,AICTEontheinitiativeofNDMAandinvolving NIDMhasdevelopedamodelcurriculumondisastermanagementforthestudentsofCivilengineering. Besidesthis,thecompulsorycourseofEnvironmentalstudiesasperdirectiveofHonbleSupremecourt hasincorporatedDMmoduleasbeenimprovedbyAICTE.Thecapacitydevelopmentintermsoffaculty memberstodealwiththeinterdisciplinarynatureofdisastermanagementisachallengethathasnotyet beenlookedintoeitherbyAICTEorthetechnicaluniversitiesorboardsofeducation.IITSandNITsbeing centrally funded have the capacity of establishing dedicated DM centres but have not yet taken such initiatives. 3.8DisasterManagementinMedicalEducation Hazardassessmentandpreventiveapproachofhealthrelateddisastersandhealthimpactsofdisasters have been dealt in the medical institutions/colleges at two levels (a) emergency medicine, and (b) 23

 HRPLAN2013 environmentalhealth,whereasfirstmedicalresponseispartoftheemergencyresponderstrainingand notforthemedicalorhealthprofessionals.RecentlytheinstitutionsaresettingupTraumacarecentres along the emergency medical system with training facilities. WHO has supported AIIMS, NIOH and Madras Medical College with Poison Control Centres. Department of community medicine and, preventive & social medicine divisions are the natural place for infusion of disaster medical training curriculum and training courses. Maulana Azad Medical College, PGI Lucknow, Chandigarh have been activeindisastermanagementrelatedcurriculum,studymaterialsdevelopmentandtraining.Initiatives fromICMR,MinistryofHealthandIndianMedicalBoardareyettobevisibleinordertopromoteHRand CDintheareaofdisastermanagementinvolvingallsystemsofmedicinemodern,traditional,ayurvedic andalternativemedicine. 3.9DisasterManagementinSchoolEducation Disastermanagementinschooleducationgotaconcernstarting UNIDNDRitselfduring1990sbuthas beenrecognizedbyeducationboardsCentralBoardofSecondaryEducation(CBSE),ICSEandrecently by the state boards, promoted by the efforts of the Central Government and National Council of EducationalResearchandTraining(NCERT).NCERThasbeenarguingtheconceptofinfusive modelof promoting disaster management and risk awareness among school teachers and students and for developing capacities to save students life, property and environment by including related topics in all subjectsofstudiesratherthanadditionalbooks.However,laterNCERTandschoolboardsinstates/UTs have included disaster management books under geography, value education, environment and social sciences.ProjectmodeofDRRawarenessandthroughthevalueeducation/foundationcourseacultureof preventionandsafetymaybepromotedinthestudents. 3.10DisasterManagementEducationinCivilServices FollowingtherecommendationsoftheHighPoweredCommittee,UnitedNationsInternationalStrategy for Disaster Reduction (UNIDNDR), and Disaster Management (DM) Act, the disaster management related module in the training of Civil service officials were initiated during past decade. However, the modulewasinductedinthetrainingofprobationersofIASwhereasitremainedatokenmodulewithin the midterm career advancement training of IFS officers. Recently a model curriculum has been suggested by NDMA in cooperation with NIDM for inducting DM and DRR components in all 4 level trainingofIASofficers.SimilarlythereareinitiativesforinductionofDMcourseinIFStrainingstarting fromprobationerscourse.InductionofDRRwithinthetrainingofothercivilservicesincludingIFS,IPS, IES, IRS, Indian Economic Service, Statistical Service, Medical Services, is yet to be institutionalized. InitiativesareneededfromLBSNAAMussorie,IGNFADehradun,ASCIHyderabad,IndianPoliceAcademy, Hyderabad,etc.undercoordinationofNDMA. 3.11CapacityDevelopmentProgrammesofNDMA/MHA NDMA and Govt. of India initiatives towards human resource and CD in area of DM and DRR were significant, but most of such programmes did not yield the institutional mechanism for followup or continuity of efforts on sustainable basis. Such efforts need to be relooked from viewpoint of sustainabilityandcontinuitybywayofinstitutionalizingand establishingthemechanismforfollowup. FollowingaremajorprogrammesofcapacitydevelopmentoperatedbyNDMA: 24

 HRPLAN2013 (a) CDcomponentofNationalCycloneRiskMitigationProject (b) SchoolSafetyCapacityDevelopmentProgramme (c) CapacityBuildingsofArchitectsandEngineersinEarthquakeRiskManagement (d) ProgrammeforEnhancementofEmergencyResponse Table1:InstitutesandInstitutionalnetworkworkingonDisasterManagementinIndia HRCD Activities 1. National DMandDRR Instituteof Trainingneeds Disaster analysis, Management Trainers modules/ manuals, Networking, Teaching/ education, awarenessHR Planning, Research, documentation &internship, Knowledge sharing,etc. 2. Indian Instituteof Public Administrati on DM modules in APPA Course/ M.Phil. level course, DM courses in S&T, urban, rural dev., climate change, etc. Origin of Centre for DM, evolved to NIDM. Training design,Conduct Institution Supportandlimitations Broad guidelines of NDMA; MHA patronage, Aims to be University. Lack of professional capacity growth, lack of support professional & technical support, Lack of career advancement and employeebenefits. Pending and delayed strategicdecisionmaking. Dilemma of status (Govt. deptt. / Institute / Academic / Ministrial?) at par with NIT / IIT / IIPA / Universities / Subordinate office? MoEF support on climate change related capacity building. DST support for shortcourses, UNDPsupport. DoPTsupport. Limited professional and seniorstaffonDMandDRR issues, DM as part of environmental policy and DMcentre. Needsandsuggestions Clarifying status of the national level capacity building academic institute. Clearing faculty career advancement dues and professional growth avenues. Researchandextension supportgrants. Mediumterm(5years) and long term (10 years) participatory visionplanofinstitute. Institute status par withIIT/IISERs/IIMs. Dedicated and capable Centre for Disaster Management and DRR Governance with experiencedfaculty. Support of NDMA, MHA, MoEF, ICFRE, Planning Commission and Ministry of Agriculture, Water resources,etc. Mainstreaming DM facultywithpermanent

3. DMCentres (atState

Central Sector scheme of support, 25

 HRPLAN2013 ATIs) of courses and workshops, Networking resource persons, awareness,etc. UNDP, UNICEF and DoPT support, State Govt. support. Limitation in terms of sustainable professional facultyandstaff. Diversityofbackgroundand interests. Central Sector scheme of support, MoRD, UNICEF and DoPT support, State Govt. support,otherschemes. Lack of professionally capable faculty on DM and RR. Departmentalfunding Collaboration with DST, IBM, Ministry of Mines, MoES,etc. Lackofclearmechanismon DRRrelatedactivities. / established setup of faculty, like urban, environment, water, geography, public administration. Consortium with other state training / research institutes and University. SIRDtoengageinstate DM consortium for training and CD along ATIs/DM Centre, other statetraininginstitutes andUniversity. NIRDtodevelopfaculty onDMinRuralcontext Dedicated centre for DRR cutting across Environmental, Engineering, Mining Social Geology divisions of GSI and collaborating with NIDMandNDMA.

4. DMCentres (atSIRDs)

Only few SIRD functional in DM (e.g., UP), training courses on CBDRM, water, environment, climate&DM.

Training coursesonfield methodology, risk analysis of Landslides and other geo hazards, mining,etc. Training of 6. National faculty Remote members, Sensing research Agency, Hyderabad/ scholars on RS GIS IIRS applications in Dehradun Landuse, EIA, riskanalysisfor NDM,etc. 7. LBSNational DM modules in Academyof allstagesofIAS in Administrati training, other civil on services 5. Geological Surveyof India

8. Forest

Training

IFS

Collaborative programmes with NDMA, NIDM and UniversitiesCDM,withpre developed and tested training modules with adequate emphasis on conceptual and field application aspects of RS GIS for holistic DRR framework. Centre for DMRR to have DoPT,NDMAsupport Lack of professionally interdisciplinary qualified qualified / experienced and experienced faculty interdisciplinary faculty for members; Collaboration with NIDM & other DM&RRtraining institutes IITs/IIMs, Universities,etc. NIDMjointprogrammes A dedicated centre on ISRO/ Deptt. of space funding. NNRDMS programme support. Institutionalmandate. Lack of professionally developed modules for interdisciplinary target groups. 26

 HRPLAN2013 officers, State forest officials, Scientists from other organizations onDM,climate changeandDM, forest fire, Pest attack, IAS, erosion,etc. 9. Disaster Training design Management and conduct on Institute, natural and Bhopal chemical disasters, for Govt. officials and public/ private sector andNGOs. Research Institute, Dehradun FSI/ICFRE/MoEFschemes Lackofdedicatedfacilityon DM related CD actions, lack of qualified or experienced facultyonDMRR. DM at FRI in collaboration with Silviculture and EcologyDivisions. FRI Consortium on DM with IIRS, FSI, Wadia Institute, NIH, Doon University and DMMC forDMactivities. Mutidisciplinary faculty strengthening for education, training andresearch. Develop balance of HRDC mandates with consultancy Govt. support and guidance of NDMA / MoEF for this. Develop consortium with EPCO, TCPO, LAMP, University, NSC, IIFM, WALMI, ICAR, RMNH&otherregional institutes. Strengthening MDC SHE on natural and industrial multihazard management, with centralassistance. Strengthening cooperation of State ReliefDeptt.,MDCSHE. Enhancing curriculum to include new and emergingtopics. Establishing disaster management studies interdisciplinary centre. Short/Medium and long term

State Govt. society, MoEF, GIZ,WorldBanksupported. SupportedbyMoAg,nowby MHAschemes. MoEF to upgrade to National Disaster Management & Risk ReductionInstitute. Lack of experienced interdisciplinary faculty at senior level; overemphasis on consultancy to private sector.

10. MDCfor SHE, Bhubaneshw ar

One year course in Safety, Fire, Health and shortcourses for Govt. officers, Corporate, Community, NGOs,etc.

11. IITs/IIMs/ IISc

Training courses for officials, faculty, professionals and

Patronage of State Govt. in PPPmode. Support of Corporate, State Govt. OSDMA, Dept. Factories. Lack of multihazard focus inthecourses, Lack of Central assistance/ support to utilize the excellent infrastructure and devotedprofessionals. Good infrastructure and logistic facilities and learningenvironment. Support of faculty and students. Lack of regularly planned 27

 HRPLAN2013 researchers. courses (occasional and sponsoredunderschemes) Lackofadedicatedcentre/ division of interdisciplinary nature to address DM studies. Most Central Universities have planned DM Centre, fewhavealreadyfunctional. UGC funding and research grant, DST, MoEF, MoES, CSIR,ICARsupport. Some have functional DM studies centre, some others haveintheirplan. Lack of faculty with interdisciplinary expertise andDMrelatedexperience. Specialization module on DM in courses on environment, NRM, policy, GISandClimatechange. Lacks a dedicated module onDMandDRR. Some with UGC funds includedDMmodulecourse in environment, geography andsocialworkcourses. Lacks linkage with Govt. Higher education departmentandDMDeppt. Centre for Disaster Management under Habitat Management. Lacks interdisciplinary facultyinputsonS&Tbased, policyplanningapproach. Interdisciplinary faculty strength, field exposure basedstudies. 28 (specialization) professional courses in disastermanagement. Research activities to support case studies and course modules to supporttraining. Specialization module on DM in interdisciplinary courses at PG and M. Phil., Certificate and Diploma course.UGCmodelsyllabus to be customized accordingly. Universities located strategically may be preferred for State Govt.support. UGCmayconsiderplan / scheme grant support. Interdisciplinary Centre for DM may be createdbyTERI. UGCmayconsiderplan /schemegrant. DedicatedshareofUGC funding under interdisciplinary areas forcourses. Networking with State DM Deptt with Higher EducationandASCs. Centre for DM studies be strengthened with interdisciplinary facultystaff. UGCmayconsiderplan /schemegrant. Interdivisions Centre for DM studies may be established.

12. Central Universities Centrefor DMStudies

13. State Universities (Interdiscipli nary Faculties)

DM shortterm training courses, DM specialization inPG&M.Phil. courses, Diplomacourse Diploma course, Specialization module in PG courses.

14. TERI University

Workshops, trainingandPG courses with moduleonDM Refresher and Orientation courses, training.

15. Academic Staff Colleges

16. Tata Instituteof Social Sciences

MA/M.Sc course in Disaster Management

17. CEPT University Ahmedabad

Shortcourses on DM for officials,

 HRPLAN2013 faculty, Modules Graduate, courses 18. Indian Instituteof Ecology& Environment in PG Goodinstitutionalnetwork. Environmental planning Div. coordinates but lacks a dedicatedcentre. Degree awarded by Sikkim ManipalUniversity. Comprehensive course content and good study materials. Lacks course updating with recent issues and emerging topics. Courses with international standards. Lacks multidisciplinary inputs and exposure to intersectoral issues in the contents. Courses for officials, industry, private/public, NGOs, etc. on disaster risks inindustry,tourism,natural hazards,etc. Lacks dedicated training setup and training professionals. Internationally accredited course and good market reputation. Lacks diversification and multihazardexposure. Lacksfocus onrisksincase of natural hazards or respondersissues. Four training institutes: National Industrial Security Academy, Basic Training Centre, Central Training College, BSF Institute Tekanpur. Battalion level training 29 State Govt. or Corporategrantmaybe mobilized. UGCmayconsiderplan /schemegrant. Cooperation with NGOs, corporate and Govt. may improve the standardofdelivery. May affiliate with the Universityintheregion and improve the facilitiesofteaching. Networking with Engineering Institutes, State DM Centre and TrainingInstitutes. Exposure of DM professionalsdesired. Dedicated training and researchfacilitymaybe developed by NSC in states. Cooperation from SDMAs be mobilized. NDMA and MoLE may support. Coursemaybeupdated and / or optional module may be added to improve the delivery. MHA, NDMA and MoEF may network to supportwithincentive. Creation of NDRF Academy for coordination of training, under NDMA guidance and MHA affiliation. NDRFA to network

Pioneered on DM education in the country. PG courses in DM, Sustainable development, etc. Courses for Mines safety officers

19. Directorate Generalof MinesSafety

20. National Safety Council

Shortcourses in safety, DM, emergency management, planning, health,etc.

21. Directorate Generalof Factory Advise Service& Labour Institutes 22. Training Institutesof CentralPara Military Forces

Certification Diplomacourse on Safety, shortcourses

Training NDRF Battalions

to

 HRPLAN2013 institute. Lack of consortium mode and interaffiliation of institutesatonepoint. Multihazard focus approach Special emphasis on coastal and mountain hazards, ecoDRR Coordinating National Green Corps programme of master trainers, training, ecoclubsnationalnetwork Lack of continuous and dedicatedDMprogrammes Courses for corporate, Govt., scholars, NGOs on EIA, social impact assessments, risk analysis, etc. No dedicated programme forDMandDRR Targeting network of civil defense,Govt.andNGOs Being institutionalized with NDMA and MHAs DM framework Lack of adequate faculty and interdisciplinary professionals on its core mandate first response, relief,WATSAN,food,etc.. Full time courses, establishedinstitute. Lack of adequate network with users in DM sector, ULBs except industry/ police. Coursesonstructuralsafety andresilience. with4institutes,NIDM, National Police Academy, National Fire College, NCDC for NDRFstraining. ADMeducationfacility to be setup at CEE, withsupportofMoEF/ NDMA,orMHA. Coordination and networking of CEE zonal groups with Universities, NIDM, SDMAs, State Climate cell,etc. Key NGC interventions inteacherstraining. Potential for DM and DRR facility at CSE for role of Media, Science and Environmental coverage. Down to Earth may regularfeatureonDM. To be upgraded to National Institute of Relief Actions and Civil Defense. Network with Ministry/DeptofYouth Dev., Sports, School Education, Women & Child,etc. Visionplanning. To be upgraded to National Fire ManagementInstitute Coursestobeimproved to include holistic DM onfiremanagement. To be a centre of excellence on building safety.

23. Centrefor Environment Education (CEE)

Training Materials, design and conduct of coursesonDM

Training 24. Centrefor courses on Science& Environment Analytical and Planning methodsinDM Training on 25. National CivilDefense disaster, relief, response, College community mobilization.

26. NationalFire Short Training and Diploma in Service Fire College Management

27. Central Building Research

Short courses on safe buildings, M.Sc.

30

 HRPLAN2013 Institute disaster mitigation. 28. Wadia Instituteof Himalayan Geology Short courses on Landslide RM, seismicity, Glacierstudies Green building and Bio concreteinnovations. Poor network with users andtrainingInstitutes. Capacities on georisk analysisandforewarning. Lack of network for performance in HR and CD actions. Courses be in network of NDMA, NIDM and Universities. DST / MoES may support a DM centre forcasestudies. Courses in collaboration with petroleum Univ., FRI andNIDM. Institutionalizing DM Centre and mobilization of MHA, NDMA,MoEFsupport. Networking with other institutesinhillyareas. NSC to be in formal network with NDMA andNIDM. NSC may coordinate withMoEFandMARGs, MoLE and corporate houses.

29. GBPant Instituteof Himalayan Environment

Shortcourses at Sikkim Unit, Almora on DM issues, Research studies. Training of Industrial, Corporate, Govt.andNGOs on safety, DM, etc.

30. National Safety Council

Supporting a DM Centre under Central Sector scheme. Available but capable professionals not engaged inDMtraining. International exposure, trainedprofessionals Implemented APELL programme Lack formal institutional integration with DM framework.

31

 HRPLAN2013

C
4.CapacityGaps

HAPTER

Looking to the various functions and need of capacities of performance in different stages of disaster management: predisaster assessments and planning, mitigation and preparedness, disaster response, relief, reconstruction and recovery, and feeding the lessons into future strategies of disaster management,followingaresomekeyproficienciesidentifiedforhumanresourcedevelopments: RiskAnalysisandVulnerabilityAssessment MitigationSelectionandPlanning ClimatechangeAdaptationandResiliencePlanning DRRandDMpoliciesandlegislation SafetyDesign,implementationandmonitoring MitigationAnalysisandriskauditingRiskCommunicationandSpatialplanning Residualriskandemergencyriskanalysts Emergencypreparednessplanning Emergencyresponsemanagementplanning Emergencyresponders(search,rescue,firstaid,criticalcare) Relief(shelter,water,sanitation,waste,food,rehab)management Impact(Damage&Loss),,needsassessment Safeconstructionandretrofitting Recovery(livelihood,environment,sustainability)planning MainstreamingDRRintodevelopmentalplanning Knowledgesupportsystemtosupportplanningandimplementation IntegratingDRRintosustainabledevelopment

Looking to the multidisciplinary inputs and interdisciplinary coordination needs, the HR plan need to addressDMandDRRinfusionacrossthevariousdisciplines,besidesdevelopingcoreprofessionalswith advancedknowledgeandskillsonDMrelatedassessments,policies,planning,monitoringandevaluation andfieldlevelcoordination.Capacitybuildingismuchmorethantrainingandincludesthefollowing: 32

 HRPLAN2013 a) Human Resource Development, the process of equipping individuals with the understanding, skillsandaccesstoinformation,knowledgeandtrainingthatenablesthemtoperformeffectively, b) Organizational Development, the elaboration of functional concepts, structures, processes and procedures, not only within the organizations, but also the relationships between different factors,approachesandsectors(public,private,community),and c) Institutional, Legal and Policy Framework, making legal and regulatory changes, strategies and enabling organizations, institutions, agencies and the people at all levels and in all sectors to enhancetheircapabilities. Differentsectorsworkfortheirownorganizationalgoalandtheirsoftwareandhardwarearedeveloped accordingly. The human proficiency of the organizations is built to respond to the respective job responsibility.DisasterManagementintheformofemergencyresponseandreliefhasbeenconfinedto onedepartment(Reliefandrehabilitationdepartmentofthestate)andalsoitwasnotconsideredorseen as regular work of the department. Hence the capacity to respond to disaster was never seen as a priority. Now with the changed mandate, the new job and tasks have been added to the job profile of everysector.Nowthereisaneedtodevelopadetailedexercisebyeachsectortoidentifythecapacityof

individuals and of Institutions in respect to the new job task need for disaster management capacitybuilding.Therefore,itisimportanttoplanthedevelopmentofhumanresourceswith clear objectives. Following four objectives are defined to set the motives and goal of the envisaged
humanresourceplan(STRATHRD): a. Systematic approach to empowering humanperformance to the functions of disaster managementandriskreduction. b. Institutionalization and institutional development for promotion of disaster management and riskreductioneducationandpractice. c. Mainstreaming DRR knowledge & skills into higher and basic education, R&D sector and personnelproficiencydevelopment. d. Development and implementation of programmes and projects enabling the proficiency and performanceofprofessionalandpracticingpersonnelindisastermanagement.

4.1CreationofCadreofDisasterManagementProfessionals
Inordertodevelopproficientcapacitiesofdisastermanagementandriskreductionrelatedexpertiseand servicesinthecountry,itisutmostimportanttoraiseasectionofpractitioners,professionals,educators and trainers as an identified Cadre of DM Professionals. Following are the means envisaged in this HR andCDplantowardsdevelopingandpromotingaDMCadreofprofessionals. (a) Paradigmshiftfrominservicetrainingcentrictoinductiontrainingandeducationcentric (b) HonorsmodeofSpecializationcadreRaisingonDRM(fromCivilandalliedservices) (c) SpecializationmodulesofinterdisciplinaryhighereducationonDRM,

33

 HRPLAN2013 (d) SuperspecializationsDRMrelatedmodulesofresearchbasedcoursesinhigherandprofessional education. (e) SpecificcourseprogrammesonspecificaspectsofDRM(Degree,DiplomaandPostGraduation). (f) DRMeducatorsandtrainers. (g) DRMservicepractitioners(emergencyservicemanagers). (h) Emergencyservicevolunteers. Keeping DM professional cadre isolated would not be appropriate looking at the administrative and governancesystemofdevelopmentalplanninganddisastermanagementinIndia.Besidesthis,disaster responsebeingtheactivitybasedonanevent,theisolatedcadreofDMshallnotbeeconomicallyviable strategy and would also contradict with the inpace approach of HRCD (except the dedicated NDRF). DevelopingspecializationsandsuperspecializationsofknowledgeandskillsrelatedtohandlingDRRand DM functions in the persons own area of work shall be an effective option (for example, a medical professionalspecializesinemergencymedicine,andfurthersuperspecializesinhandlingburninjuries). TheDMprofessionalcadredevelopmentplanisdiscussedbelow: Induction training and higher education: There is need to give more emphasis on developing DRM capacities by introducing it at the induction/probationers training and in the higher education curriculumitself,ratherthanorientationcourses.Reorientationofinservicepersonneloftenfacesthe challengeofunlearningandmaladaptations.Therefore,thenotionistoboostupthetrainingeffortsat allstagesforaplanperiodandthengraduallyphaseoutthetrainingwiththeinstitutionalizationofDRM education.However,thetrainingandretrainingofpractitionerslikeemergencyresponders(S&R),fire fighting, first medical aid, etc. shall continue for regular updation of new advances and to keep the personneluptomarkintheirfitnesstothejob. Specializationcadre on DRM: In order to raise specialized cadre of DM professionals, a 25% of Civil service(IAS,IFS,IPS,IES,IMS,ISS,etc.)officialsneedto beidentifiedforinductiontothespecialization cadre of DRM after they undergo a specialization course on DRM at a Central University, IIM/IIT/IISER/IIPAorNIDM.AmechanismforthesamemaybedevelopedbyDoPTincoordinationwith MHRD. Specialization modules of interdisciplinary higher education: Option of higher education aimed at professional development towards specialized functions of DRM or the holistic approach of disaster management may also help in promoting the cadre of professionals to cater to specific needs of DM frameworkatdifferentlevels. Superspecializations DM modules in research courses: DRM specialization cadre may also be developedamongtheresearchbasedprogrammesaimedatdevelopingproficienciesofanalysis,logical interpretation,futuristicprojectionsandtheoremsolving.Incentivesandfellowshipsmayalsobeoffered forundergoingsuchcourses. Specific course programmes: Where needed some specialized needs to be fulfilled by promoting professionaldevelopmentprogrammeinspecificareasofintervention,forexample,acourseonSafety& 34

 HRPLAN2013 Reliability Engineering, EIA and Risk Analysis, Emergency Planning, Climatechange and DRR Strategy, Damage and Loss Assessment, and/or DRM law and policy planning, etc. need to be designed and conductedbytherelevantinstitutionstohelpraisetheprofessionalcadreofspecificservicesinDRM. DM educators and trainers: PacingtowardsachievingHRandCDobjectivesofDRMinIndia,acadreof educationists and trainers also need to be raised from the relevant disciplines or preferably from the interdisciplinary areas of studies with academic and professional background of blend of sciences, humanitiesandexposuretotechnologicaladvances. Emergency service managers: As mentioned above, the dedicated cadre of professionals need to be raisedinparticularforthespecificservicesduringemergencyresponseandreliefmanagement.Thismay includeSearch&Rescue,FirstMedicalResponse,DebrisRemoval,EmergencyLogistics,andManagement ofReliefOperations. Emergency service volunteers: CadreoftrainedanddedicatedvolunteersonDRMrelatedemergency response functions from among the volunteers with NGOs, NSS, NCC, Nehru Yuva Kendras, and other formalornonformalandgovernmentandnongovernmentgroupsmayberaisedandkeptinnetworkas capacityreserves.

35

 HRPLAN2013

C
5.PrioritizationofTrainingNeeds

HAPTER

StrategicApproachofDMRRHumanResourceCapacityDevelopment(STRATHRD,201217andbeyond, unto2021): TheconcurrentstrategyofhumanresourceandcapacitydevelopmentplanforDisasterManagementand Risk Reduction (DMRR) shall aim at enabling the shift in the prevailing scenario and following six approachesidentified: a. ShiftingReactive&CompensatorytoPreventive&ProactiveCultureapproach b. ImprovingIsolatedAndCompartmentalizedtoIntegrated&Holisticcentricapproach c. EvolvingState&EngineeringcentrictobroadPeople&Environmentcentricapproach d. ChangingExternality&AssistancecentrictoLocal/Regional&SelfRelianceapproach e. EnhancingTraining&CommandtointerdisciplinaryEducation&Managementapproach f. IntegratingDisasterManagementintoacademicsystem,R&D,extensionandgovernance.

Key intervention areas for different disasters for their management have been identified from the respective NDMA guidelines, other strategic and research based documents. Following list (Table 1) enumerates the key interventions in different stages of management cycle in reference of common disastersinIndia. Table2:Disasterandtheirmanagementatdifferentlevel Disastertype 1. Landslides Predisaster Slopefailureriskassessment,land stability,landscapeecology,slope protectionbioengineering, rehabilitation,Warningandalert Catchmentrehabilitation,soil& waterconservation,climatechange adaptation,riskanalysis,early warning,zoning,resistanthousing, cropping,riverbasinmanagement, bankstabilization,siltationcheck, Communitypreparedness Duringdisaster Search&Rescue,Debris removal,Rehabilitation, Relief,transport/road management Evacuation,Search& Rescue,Reliefwater& sanitation,foodandfood safety,wasteand environmentalhealth; Law&ordercontrol, transport,panic management Postdisaster Massstabilization, geobioengineering, ecorehabilitation, landscape management. Rehabilitation,Eco rehabilitation,Crop adjustments, Reconstruction& recovery

2. Flooding

36

 HRPLAN2013 3. Urban flooding Rehabilitation,Site cleanup;Drainage improvement, landscaperegulation andecosystem functions Evacuation,Search& Traumacare, Recue,Debrisremoval, Maintenance/ Medicalresponse.Shelter rebuilding, management Retrofitting,Recovery Cropandlivelihood Croppingadjustments, Riskandvulnerabilityanalysis, recovery, Land&water,Forestry&grassland Irrigation,Wateruse Environment reuse,recycling, management,Landuse vegetation,water& Environmentalhealth, alternatives,Croppingmodels, healthmanagement, Resistantcrops,Soilconservation, Relieffood,sanitation, landuse watershed,wetlands&wastelands, medicine,employment Food,fodder&fuelstorage, Climatechangeadaptation, insurance Rehabilitation, Alert&warning, Coastalprotection,mangroveand Replantingtreesand Communication, coralreefs,Duneandsandflora, gardens,Sustainable Erosioncontrol,Sewageandwaste ResponseS&R,Medical, recovery. reliefWater,food, management,cycloneshelters, sanitation,debris,waste housingdesign,preparedness& management communication Lossreporting,relief/ Fireweatherassessment,firerisk Firealert,Warningand compensationto communication,Fire mapping&rating,Litter affectedpeople, fighting,Incident management,Water&climate, Incentives,Recovery management, Planning,Preparedness, Communityinvolvement Communityengagement Accidentanalysis, Landuse&Siteassessment,multi Warning,Evacuation, hazardriskanalysisandmapping, Incidentresponse,Clean Faulttree,Reliefand compensation, upoperation,Plan Envirolegalcompliance, Litigations,Cause HAZOP/HAZAN,DMP/EMP,Audit, improvement, rectification,Audit. Coordination,Accident Mockdrill,preparedness,Public reporting awareness,OnsiteOffsite, DDMPcoordination,etc Effectsassessment, Riskprofiling,Massawareness, Shielding,seizing& Capacitymapping,Institutional sourcecontrol,Detection Relief,compensation, Litigations, Alertness,etc. protection, Communityresilience decontamination,Panic andpeace. management. Pestweatherriskassessment,Risk Controlofpestspread Reliefand Heatisland,urbandrainage,solid waste,sewageandrunoff management,landusemasterplan, wetlands,rainwaterharvesting, riskanalysis,alert&warning, Climatechangeadaptation Riskzonation,Buildingdesign/ structure,Materials,Retrofitting. Personalsafetybehavior Alert&warning,Traffic management,Floodwater relief,Food,water& sanitation; environmentalhealth 37

4. Earthquake

5. Drought

6. Cyclone/ coastal hazards

7. Forestfire

8. Chemical

9. NBC

10. Pestattack

 HRPLAN2013 reductioninfestationcheck, Peoplesalertness,Plant protection,Preparedness. Water&wastemanagement, diseaseprevention,source mappingandcontrol,Altertand countercapacity,Immunization. Technomanagerialimprovement, hazard&riskanalysis,signaling, communication,Accident prevention,Planning,Emergency communication&responsevan Peoplemanagement,information control,lawandorder,planning, awareness andsurvival,Damage remediation. Causeidentification sourcecheck,Spread control,Treatmentof affected,Remediation. Search&Rescue, Coordinationwith local/district government,community, medicalresponse compensation,Future planning. Reliefand compensation,Future planningand environmentalhealth. Accident investigation, Litigation,penalties, Incentives,Relief, Compensation, Systemrecovery Medicalandother relief,food,safe returnhome,etc. DamageandLoss Assessment, Sustainable reconstructionand recovery;Preventing secondaryrisks; FutureDRRactions, Lawandpolicies.

11. Epidemics

12. Railway accidents

13. Stampede

14. Inter sectional areasinall disasters

Sitecontrol,dislocation relocationofpeople, informationcheck,panic control,aid. Situation&need Disasterriskanalysis,Socio economic,Environmental&health assessment,Impact (damage&loss) impactassessment,DRRstrategy andDMplanning,integratingDRR assessment,RapidEIAof disasters,Social& withenvironment,housingand Environmentalneeds infrastructuredevelopment, Insurance;Capacitydevelopment& assessments,System coordination. education.

Lookingatthevariousaspectsofknowledge,skillsandmotivationsrequiredinpromotingthecultureof safety,preventionandpreparednessforeffectivedisastermanagementenvironmentinthecountry,the priorityareasofeducationandtrainingneedtofocusonthefollowing: 5.1Training TrainingindisastermanagementinIndiahastakenapaceduringlastdecade.Howevertheprogrammes, targetsandcontentswerenotstrategicallyplanned.TraininginDMneedstobeinbalancebetweenneed and supply driven. On one hand, it has to consider the needs of the target group and stakeholder as realizedbythembasedontheirownunderstanding.However,thetrainingstrategyandscopeshouldnot miss out the advances, research and strategic recommendations and emerging approaches at internationallevelsaswell.Thus,modeoflocaldiagnosticinputsbutintegratedapproachofremediation mayworkwellinaddressingthechallenge.Trainingshalltargetforthefollowingcapabilities: A. Interdisciplinary proficiency of disaster related assessments, planning, coordination, implementationandmonitoring,DRRapproaches,andaddressingemergingchallenges.

38

 HRPLAN2013 B. Department specific/sector specific functions in disaster management, e.g. finance, housing, water,sanitation,land,health,law&order,agriculture,forestry,industry,infrastructure,etc. C. Response specific training for Search & Rescue, debris removal, first aid, etc. under effective incidentcommandmechanism D. Reliefmanagementincludingplanningandmanagingshelter,water&sanitation,environmental health,food,psychosocialandspecialneeds,rehabilitation,etc. E. Analytical and assessments approaches and skills including risk and vulnerability analysis, damage/loss assessment, EIA, mapping and information support to planning and decision making. F. Training of faculty members (teachers, trainers) on DM & DRR curriculum design, notes and methods, module development and course delivery with input on DM concept, objectives and scopeofcontents. Trainingapproachandmethodologiesmayincludethefollowing: (a) Probationers/Induction Training (at Central/State Civil Services Administrative, Forests, Revenue,Economic,Statistical,Medical,Railway,etc.) (b) Practical Training (training to standard job performance S&R, police, medical, laboratory and analysis,survey,mapping,etc.) (c) Refreshers(inservice)orOrientationTraining(midcareertraining,promotionaltraining) (d) Online(webenabled)Training (e) BlendedLearning(Online+facetoface) (f) EducationalTraining(professionaladvancementcoursesB.Tech./Diploma,Masters,Research degrees) (g) OnjobTraining(trainingintheformoflearningbydoingatwork/practice) (h) InteractiveTraining(Mutuallearningpeertopeerinaworkinggroup) 39

 HRPLAN2013 Table3:NationalCapacityDevelopment(Training):InstitutionalFramework Institute/ Areasofintervention Activitieslevel Organization Trainingneedanalysis, National DM&DRRApproaches,Integrationand Developmentoftrainingdesign, Instituteof mainstreaming,Adaptation;Educational, modules/manualandtoolkits, Disaster training&researchneedsandstrategies, Diplomaandhigherlevel Management Documentation,Policyanalysisandlaw, programmeoninterdisciplinary Planning,Strategicandanalyticaltools, curriculumofdisastermanagement. International,regional&institutional National/internationalandstate cooperation,Humanresourceplanning, levels. Interdisciplinarycoordination,etc. ShortcoursesandOrientationfor DisasterRiskManagementTrainingand National/ SchoolPrincipals,Teachersand Awareness,Cultureofsafetyand Regional SchoolVolunteers,MembersofEco prevention,etc. Science club,etc. Centre(s) ShortcoursesandOrientationfor Safetyandriskreductionintechnical National College/SchoolPrincipals,Teachers education/institutes,labsafety,electrical Institutesof andDemonstrators.Technicalstaff, andchemicalsafety,earthquakesafety, Technical MembersofEcoclub,etc. pandemiccontrol,disasterriskreduction, Teachers awareness,etc Training DiplomacourseonSafetyRisk NationalLabour Safetyriskanalysis,multihazardrisk reductionandemergencyplanning,culture Management,Occupationalhealth& Instituteand Safety,Responsepreparedness, ofpreventionandpreparedness, Regional coordination,Occupationalhealth&safety, ShortcoursesforGovt.officials,etc. Labour etc. Institutes UniversityDepartmentHeads/ AcademicStaff DM&DRRApproaches,Integrationand Deans,College/Teachers,Technical mainstreaming,Adaptation;Educational, College(s)in Staff,etc.Zonal/statelevel training&researchneedsandstrategies, Universities/ coursesunderUGC Riskanalysisandimpactassessment, Sponsored refresher/orientationcourseunder Regionalandlocalcooperation,Planning Orientation environmentstudiesandsponsored programmesin andpreparedness,RoleofNSS,NCC, InfusingDMandDRRintohighereducation, byotherMinistries University NDMA/MoEF/DST,etc. etc. Departments TrainingofFacultymembersof IndianInstitute DM&DRRApproaches,Integrationand Universities/Management/ mainstreaming,Adaptation;Educational, ofTechnology TechnicalInstitutes,Seniorofficials training&researchneeds,mitigation (IITs)/ /executivesfromGovernment, IndianInstitute strategies,Riskanalysisandimpact ofManagement assessment,Mutlihazardriskanalysisand CorporateorNGOs,Professional andmanagementdevelopment (IIMs)/Indian management,EIA,Auditing,Chemical courses,etc. disasters,Climatechange,Coastaland Instituteof forestrelateddisasters,Disastersrelated Science withwater,sanitationandhealth,waste Education& 40

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

 HRPLAN2013 Research (IISERs)/IISc Bangalore 7. National Instituteof Food Technology& Management 8. Instituteof Economic Growth management,climatechange;Law&policy, vulnerability,Planning&management,etc. TrainingtoFood,Environmentand Agriculturesectorofficials,Traders, Disastermanagers,etc.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Disasterrisksrelatedtofoodinsecurityand foodsafety,Riskanalysis,Disasaterrisks duringprocessing,transport,storageand use.Riskreduction,Foodmanagement duringdisastersandemergencies. Roleofpoliciesandlegislationindisaster riskreduction,economicevaluationof environmentalimpactsofdisasters,natural resourcepoliciesandDRR,disasterimpact assessment,financialinstrumentsofDRR, Environmentalstatisticsfordisaster management. IndianInstitute DM&DRRApproaches,Integrationand mainstreaming,Adaptation;Educational, ofForest training&researchneedsandstrategies, Management Riskanalysisandimpactassessment, Bhopal/ Forestrysector&disastermanagement, ForestResearch Forestfiremanagement,etc. Institute, Dehradun NDMRRI(DMI DM&DRRApproaches,Integrationand Bhopal) mainstreaming,Adaptation;Educational, training&researchneedsandstrategies, Riskanalysisandimpactassessment,Mutli hazardriskanalysisandmanagement, Industrialdisasters,Climatechangeand relateddisasters,Coastalhazardsandrisk management,miningandforestrelated hazards,HousingandDRR,etc. Disastersrelatedwithwater,sanitationand National Environmental environmentalhealth,wastemanagement, foodsafety,climatechange;Managementof Engineering theseduringdisastersandemergencies, Research EIA,Riskanalysis,Auditing,their Institute (previouslyCentral infrastructureandrecoveryplanning.
PublicHealth Institute),Nagpur

TrainingtoofficialsofIndian EconomicService,IndianStatistical ServiceOfficials; Facultymembersofeconomics, environment,agriculture, geography,management,etc. TrainingofIFSOfficials,StateForest ServiceOfficials,Faculty members/Scientistsinforestry/ environment,S&T,agriculture institutes,etc.

TrainingofGovernmentofficials fromMinistries/departmentsDM, environment,revenue,agriculture, forestry,waterresources,rural development,etc.andfaculty membersfrominstitutesinthe abovefields,Executivesfrom public/privatesectorindustries,etc. Scientists/engineeringandplanners inGovernment/outside,NGOs, Disastermanagers,andFaculty membersfromrelatedinstitutes, Officialsfrompollutioncontrol board,watersupply,health,DM,etc. Trainingofofficialsfrom GovernmentdepartmentRural development,water,environment,

13. National Instituteof Rural

DM&DRRApproaches,Integrationand mainstreaming,Adaptation;mitigation strategies,Riskanalysisandimpact

41

 HRPLAN2013 Development assessment,Mutlihazardriskanalysisand management,Climatechangeandnatural resourcesrelateddisasters,Foodsecurity andlivelihoodissuesindisaster management,ruralinstitutionsand communityparticipationinDRR. DM&DRRApproachesforagriculture,food andnaturalresources,Integrationand mainstreaming,Climatechangeadaptation; mitigationstrategies,MutlihazardRisk analysisandimpactassessment,Agro chemicals,GMOs,biotechandmicrobial disasters,Coastalandforesthazards;Plant protection,landuse,rurallivelihoodand DRR,etc. DM&DRRApproaches,Integrationand mainstreaming,Adaptation;planningneeds andstrategies,Coordination,Strategicand analyticaltools,regionallocalcooperation, Humanresourceplanning,groundaction evaluationandmonitoring,disaster reporting,institutions,Incident management,etc. DM&DRRApproaches,Integrationand mainstreaming,Adaptation;Educational, training&researchneedsandstrategies, Riskanalysis,EIA,Cooperation,Planning andpreparedness,InfusingDMandDRR intohighereducation,environmentand development,Environmentallawandpolicy roleinDM,Policyanalysisandgovernance forDM,etc. DM&DRRApproaches;Integrationand mainstreaming,Riskanalysis,damage assessment,Climatechangeadaptationand mitigationstrategies,Financialstrategies, Climatechange,Coastalandforestrelated disasters,Auditing,Chemicaldisasters, Urbanrisks,Disastersrelatedwithwater, sanitationandhealth,wastemanagement, EIA,Law&policy,vulnerability,Planning& management,,communityparticipation, Psychosocialcare,etc. 42 landuse,agriculture,etc.and facultyfromInstitutesof Governmentandoutside,NGOs, PRIs,etc.

14. Indian Agriculture Research Institute

Trainingofofficialsofdeptt. agriculture/forestry,landuse, environment,KVKs,WALMI,faculty ofrelatedinstitutes/colleges,NGOs, etc.

15. LalBahadur Shashtri National Academyof Administration

TrainingofIASofficers(alllevels) andotherCivilserviceofficers,and facultymembersinAdministrative TrainingInstitutesatstates/UTs, etc.

16. IndianInstitute ofPublic Administration

17. Centrefor Disaster Management (inCentral Universities)

Trainingofofficialsfrom Central/StateGovernment, Corporate,Public/privatesector, NGOs,andfacultymembersfrom Institutes/Universities;APPA participants,Electedmembers,Civil serviceofficials,Scientistsand TechnologistsfromGovt. Institutes/Departments,etc. Professionaltrainingcourses DiplomaandPostPGcourses; TrainingtoFacultymembersof Traininginstitutes/collegesand Universities,NGOs,Corporate,Govt. departments,etc.

 HRPLAN2013 18. National RemoteSensing Centre, Hyderabad/ 19. IndianInstitute ofRemote Sensing, Dehradun DM&DRRApproachesforagriculture,food andnaturalresources,housing;Integration andmainstreaming,Climatechange adaptation;mitigationstrategies,Mutli hazardRiskanalysisandimpact assessment,Coastalandforesthazards; landuseandDRR,usingprinciplesand applicationofspacetechnology,multiand hyperspectralremotesensing, Geoinformaticsapplication,dataintegration andpresentationfordecisionsupport system,webenabledsystemsofevent reporting,planning,etc. TrainingtoFacultymembersof Traininginstitutes/collegesand Universities,NGOs,Corporate,Govt. departments,etc.,Professional trainingcoursesDiplomaand certificate.

PSSIVE

TRAINING

IITs/ IIMs IISERs IISc

NIDM
NCDC

NDMA Planning
Commission

NCERT MHRD

MHA

EDUCATION

UGC
AICTE IISSM

NDRFA

ICSSR

NIRD

IIPA

LBSNAA

IEG
DST
NIOT MoES TIFAC

DoPT

IGNFA MoEF

MoST GSI

ICFRE
DMIB

DBT
L

ICAR
IARI

CSIR

ICME

IIRS

GBPI HED

EPTRI

RESEARCH

Figure4:Institutionalmappingforeducation,trainingandresearchinDM

43

 HRPLAN2013 5.2Education EducationcomponentofhumanresourcedevelopmentandCDshallencompassthefollowing: (a) Schooleducation (b) Basiccollegeeducation (c) Highereducation(educationaltraining) (d) Nonformaleducation Schooleducation:StrengtheningDMeducationatschoolsaimsatbasicDMawarenessandsensitization curriculumacrossothersubjectsofschooleducationininfusionmodeespeciallyinfoundationcourses, environmentalstudies,geographyandwithinculturalactivitiesandsciencepromotionprojectslikeNGC, ecoclubs,etc.Itshallhavefollowingstrategies: A. School safety and disaster management system at schools levels integration with school affiliationanddevelopmentmechanism. B. Provisioningandimplementingsafetyauditinschoolsincludingevaluationofteachers,staffand studentsawarenessandpreparedness. C. Provisioning DM and DRR related contents across the course of studies starting primary education upto middle school in infusion model to account for around 25% of the overall learningineachstandard. D. Provisioning DM and DRR as integral component within environment and value education moduleofteacherstraining(B.Ed.,D.Ed.,L.T.andM.Ed.)courses. E. Integrating disaster safety and emergency preparedness issues with the school ecoclubs and NationalGreenCorpssactivitiesandmaintainingactivitiesreportforaudit. College level Basic Education: Targeting undergraduate studentslargelyaimsatpromotingtheculture ofawareandpreparedcitizenwhocanalsocontributetothenationalandcommunityeffortsofdisaster riskreductionandemergencypreparedness.Thiswillalsopromotethesectiontodevelopamotivation forfuturehigherstudiesleadingtoprofessionalcontributiontowardsanyspecificaspectofDM. A. Optional/elective paper on DM in all undergraduate studies in all Universities and colleges and/orintegrationwithrelevantcompulsorycourses. B. Customized study units on DRR and DM with discipline relevant topics across subjects like, biology,chemistry,geology,geography,economics,psychology,agriculture,medicine,pharmacy, ecology, forestry, home science, engineering, etc. at undergraduate basic, professional and vocationalstudies. C. Provisioning Teachers Refresher course and Orientation programmes at Academic Staff College (atleastonesuchcourseeveryyeartofocusonDMandDRR). 44

 HRPLAN2013 Higher and professional education: Higherstudies indisastermanagementandDRRshallaimlargely atdevelopingspecializedprofessionalcapabilitiesinthesectionofqualifiedcitizentocontributetothe functions of disaster management, many of them opting it as a career option as well. Interdisciplinary background with blend of sciences and humanities will be useful for DM planning and coordination functionswhereasspecializationinprofessional,technicalandalliedstudiesinstitutionsshallcatertothe needofspecificfunctionswithinDRRandDM. A. Interdisciplinary full courses at Certificate or Diploma level programme in DM and DRR with inputsfromrelevantdisciplinesofteaching. B. OverandaboveeducationinDMandDRRasspecializationwithintheinterdisciplinaryareasof higherstudieslikeenvironmentalstudies,socialworkandpublicadministration. C. Specialization/optional and full, research based special courses (like M.Phil., Ph.D.) on DM and DRRareaofstudy. D. DM specific professional development courses for delivery of a specific DM function (for e.g., Multihazardriskassessment;DRRStrategicPlanning;Safetyandreliabilityengineering,Climate change and DRR, Emergency medicine, WATSAN in Emergencies, etc.) as Diploma/Degree/PG degree,indicatedinTable4. Table4:Listofindicativekeyfunctions/interventionsinmanagementofdifferentdisasters Institutes/ Faculty 1. Engineering &Tech. Institutes (NITs,IITs, Tech. University, etc.) Course/ Modules Safety& Reliability Engineering (B.Tech.), Optional moduleon DMin M.Tech. Relatedsub disciplines Environmental Engineering Structural/ construction engineering Industrial Engineering Mechanical Engineering Geology/Geo technology Applied/Human Ecology&Law EIA,Auditing& EmergencyPlan Disasterrisk management 45 CourseContentsKeyWords Hazardsanddisasters;Construction materialsandhousing,design, Seismology,Safetyandfailurerisk analysis;mechanical,electricaland chemicalandtechnologicalsafety, damsafety,drainage,wastewater, climatecontrol,greenbuilding, railwaysafety,riskcommunication, Signalingandalarm,Safety automation,Retrofitting& construction,mainstreaminginto development,etc. Naturalandanthropogenichazards, climatechange,chemicalaccidents, EIAinDM,socioeconomicaspects, vulnerability,mitigation,landuse, sustainableagriculture,coastal management,impactminimization,

2. University Schoolsof Environment alStudies, FRI,IARI.

PGand M.Phil. Specialization Modules,Post PGDiploma inDM

 HRPLAN2013 3. University Schoolsof SocialScience & Management, ICSSR, Institutes,etc Specialization Modulesin MSW,MBA, M.Phil. Abiotic/geological environment Environ.Mgmnt, Tech.Planning Climatechange management Naturalresource Management Welfare(MSW) MasterofBusiness Administration Developmental/ environmental& socialeconomics Regionalplanning &Geography reliefshelter,water&sanitation, wastemgmt,preventivehealth,food safety,damage&needsassessment, reconstruction,greenbuilding,green recovery,livelihood,rehabilitation, roleofenvironmental&NRMlaw& policies,mainstreaminginto development,etc Environmental,technologicaland securityrelatedhazardsand disasters,vulnerabilityconceptand components,disasterriskreduction, climatechange,housing,ecological risks,fiscalinstruments,insurance, disasterrelief,psychosocialand traumacare,genderissuesandcare ofold,womenandchildren,economy ofsocial&environmentalimpacts andrecovery,businesscontinuity, law&developmentpolicies, mainstreamingintodevelopment,etc. Hazardsanddisasters,conceptof vulnerability;environmentaland climatechange,landuse;roleof environmentaljurisprudence,EIA andnaturalresourcelawsinDRR, PIL,suomotodirectiveson environmentanddisasters,liability, insurance,compensationlaws;green tribunal,Rightstolife,health, environment,etc.dutiesofstateand citizen,Caselaws,etc. Natural,anthropogenictechnological hazardsandsecuritythreats,health vulnerability,Injury,Traumarisk reduction,Relief,GMOsandrisks, foodsafety,waterbornerisks, resistance&diseasemanagement, climatechange,bioterrorism, pandemics,healthdisasters,waste management,water&sanitation, environmentalhealthindisasters, epidemiology,etc.

4. NationalLaw University, LawSchools/ Institutes/ Colleges

Modulesin Diploma,LLB, Sub specialization inLLM.

EnvironmentalLaw HumanRightsLaw Business& CorporateLaw

5. Medical& Health Faculty(PGIs, Medical Institutes, Colleges,etc)

Emergency Medicine; DMMod(PG), Modulein MBBS, Optionalin Diploma,PG courses

Community Medicine Environmental health(PSM) Orthopedics Traumacare CriticalCare Medicine

46

 HRPLAN2013 Nonformal education: Targeting nonformal education to infuse and inculcate DM awareness and cultureofsafetyandpreventionopensawidewindowofprogrammesandactivitiesatdifferentlevels. These may include Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Aangan Wadi, AASHA, Adult education, Open Schooling, National environmental awareness campaign, etc. to include across the components of disaster risk knowledge,mitigationandpreparedness. Figure5:DistrictlevelinstitutionalnetworkforDMrelatedcapacitydevelopment 5.3TrainingandCapacityDevelopmentFrameworkatDistrictandStatelevels Local solutions and regional/district level strengthening is most important in disaster risk reduction strategy integration with other district level plans, developmental planning process, environmental action plan, natural resources, infrastructure and other sector plans, under broad framework of integrated district planning. In order to enhance DM and DRR capacities at local levels, an institutional framework is proposed at district level as well. In present times the progress in technological and information system advances, network of expertise with educational institutes like degree and post graduatecollege,NGOs,etc.canbebetterorganizedtohelppromotethecultureofpreventionandsafety atalllevels.TheHRandcapacitydevelopmentorganizationatdistrictlevelmayinvolvethefollowing: (a) DistrictDisasterManagementAuthority (b) DisasterManagementCommittee (c) DisasterManagementOffice (d) IndustrialAssociation (e) University/Colleges (f) NGCDistrictleverTrainers 47
Paryava ran Vahini

Univ./ College DDMA NGO

DM&RR Committee
District DRMO

NGC

KVK

ULB DRDA
Industry
Association

 HRPLAN2013 (g) DistrictParyavaranVahini (h) NGOs (i) UrbanLocalBodies (j) KrishakVigyanKendra (k) DistrictRuralDevelopmentAgency(TrainingUnit) Figure6:StatelevelinstitutionalframeworkforDMRRHRandcapacitydevelopment At a strategic level, the role of state disaster management HR and CD framework shall be of great significance in mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into state policies and plans across different sectors,highereducation,financialmechanismsandtechnologicalapplications.Thereneedtobeaclose integrationofdisastermanagementtrainingandeducation(includingresearch)frameworkatthestate level. This integration will be able to support the professional support and knowledge inputs to the planning and implementation of DRR programmes as well. DM centre at a University shall extend important support to the educational development and also professional training towards developing skilledhumanresourcesforcateringtheneedsofDMandDRRfunctions.DMCentreestablishedwiththe supportofCentralSectorSchemeof13thFinanceCommissiongrantorproposedwiththestatesupport need to be sustained by mainstreaming in the nonplan budget of the host institute along the other faculty/centres of environment, urban or health management, etc. Besides, the DM Centre need to develop close coordination with other institutes in the state. Following are the key components in the proposedstatewideframework. 48
Relief/ DM Secretary State Planning Board State Training Institute State Forest Institute Academic Staff College

SIRD

WALMI

StateDM Centre
DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITYOFTHE STATEGOVERNMENT State DM& DRR Committee

Science, Tech.& Environment Council Regional Soil& Water Trg. Institute

DM&RR Studies Centre

NSS Coordinat ion NCC

SCHOOLOF Battalion/ ENVIRONMENTSTUDIES Unit ATCENTRALUNIVERSITY OFTHESTATE University DM Committee

State Chapter NSC Town& Country Planning

 HRPLAN2013 (a) StateDMAuthority(Relief/DMSecretary,DMCentre,StateDMandDRRCommittee) (b) StatePlanningBoard/Deptt. (c) Town&CountryplanningDeptt. (d) University(DMCommittee,SchoolofEnvironmentDMCentre,NSS,NCC,AcademicStaffCollege) (e) StateInstituteofRuralDevelopment (f) StateChapterNationalSafetyCouncil (g) RegionalSoil&WaterConservationTrainingInstitute (h) StateForestInstitute (i) Science,Technology,Environment&RemoteSensingCouncil (j) Water&LandManagementInstitute.

49

 HRPLAN2013

C
6. ImplementationStrategy

HAPTER

As stated in previous sections, drawing a line dividing training, education and research would be incorrect as there stands lot of overlap in objectives, scope and functions of these areas of CD interventions.Educationathigherlevelitselfisatypeoftrainingasitdevelopsprofessionallycompetent personnel. Research is a part of knowledge development, involves innovations, monitoring, hypothesis testingandinformationdevelopment,thathelpsadvanceeducation,trainingandprofessionalpracticeas well.Anschematicofproposedactivities,responsibilitiesandoptionsforidentifiedagenciesinvolvedin educationandresearchinthecountryaregiven(inTable5)below: Table5:Education&ResearchPromotionFramework Agency/Ministry Education Inductionofcoremodulein 1. Departmentof CoursesofIIPAandLBSNAA Personnel& Training 2. MinistryofHuman InductionofCore Resource Modules/Specializationon Development DMRRinthePGand M.Phil.coursesatIIMs, IIT/IISc/IISERs Supporting/Establishing DisasterManagement InterdisciplinaryCentres atIITs/IISc/IISERsand CentralUniversities Envisagingdedication centre/deptt.onDMinthe envisionedIndianInstitute ofSustainabilityScience& Management 3. Universities SupportingUniversitiesfor Grants courses/Centrefor Commission DisasterManagementasa dedicatedsubsectionof grant a) underplangrantfor environmental/inter disciplinarystudies b) underinnovation/ 50 ResearchPromotion Researchpromotion/supporton quantificationand/orassessmentof professionalcapacitiesinDMRR EstablishingChairsinUniversities/ InstitutesonDMRRforconducting andpromotingresearch Suballocatingresearchgranton DMRRunderenvironment/inter disciplinaryandgeography/ planningsectionofICSSRfunding Inclusionofdisasterrisk managementasareaoffaculty exchangeprogrammesandgrants undervariousbilateralandmulti lateralcooperation,e.g.Fulbright fellowship,DAAD,STA, Commonwealth,etc. Allocationofgrantonresearch relatedtodisastermanagementas dedicatedsubsectionof environment&interdisciplinary studies: a) Majorresearchprojectscheme b) Minorresearchprojectscheme c) Grant/fundingforattending researchconference/seminars

 HRPLAN2013 emergingareasscheme c) undervocational courses(environment &watersection) scheme d) underSAP/CASand relatedscheme StrengtheningDMassub moduleunderUGC compulsoryUGmoduleon EnvironmentalStudies StrengtheningDMas optional/specializationin themodelPGcurriculumof environmentalstudies. d) Facultydevelopmentprogramme Allocationofgrant/positionsto disastermanagementasdedicated subsectionofenvironment& interdisciplinarysectioninthe: a) Scholarshipstodoctoraland postdoctoralresearchstudents (e.g.RajivGandhifellowship,JN FellowshipforAdvanced Studies) b) FacultyRechargeProgrammeof UGC(FRPUGC)tosupportDM. c) FacultyENCOREschemeofUGC. StrengtheningDMascoresub moduleofsyllabusfor environmental/earthstudiesfor UGC/UGCCSIRNETforJRF. Allocationofgrant/positionsto disastermanagementasdedicated subsectionofenvironment& humanities/interdisciplinary section CoordinationwithInstituteof AppliedManpowerResearchand NationalUniversityofEducational Planning&Administrationfor researchpromotiononeducational technologyfordisastermanagement. Allocationofgrant/fundingon disastermanagement,to Universities/colleges: a) attendingresearchconference /seminars b) researchsupportgrantfor engagingPG/UGstudents c) grantforimprovinglaboratory/ analyticalfacilities ResearchgranttotheUniversities/ institutesoneducationresearchin disastermanagementandits integration/mainstreamingin environment/valueeducation, Nationalgreencorpsprogramme,

4. AllIndiaCouncilof Technical Education

StrengtheningDMassub moduleunderUGC/AICTE compulsoryUGmoduleon EnvironmentalStudies PromotingDMsubmodule asoptionalacrossall B.Tech.disciplinesand MBA PromotingSafety& ReliabilityEngineeringasa B.Tech.discipline StrengtheningDMascore submoduleofsyllabusfor environmentand humanitiesforGATEexam.

5. NationalCouncil ofEducation Research& Training

Developmentand promotionofcurriculum contentsondisaster managementinschool education: a) acrossallsubjectsin 51

 HRPLAN2013 infusedmode b) coresubmodulein environment/value education c) infoundationcourses CoordinationwithNational CouncilforTeachers Education,CBSEandState Boardsandinductionof DMassubmoduleinB.Ed. andM.Ed.courses. Ecoclubsandscienceclubs,etc. Conductandpromotionofmodel studymaterialdevelopmenton DMRRforschools. Promotion/grantforresearchon schoolsafetyanddisaster managementsystemcoordination withNDMA,Deptt.ofSchool Education,KVs,andNational UniversityofEducationalPlanning andAdministration. PromotionofDMRRresearch throughallocationofgrantunder EnvironmentalResearchscheme andDMrelatedresearchfundingto theUniversities/institutesunder: a) ENVIS b) StateofEnvironmentReport c) Environmentalstatistics(with CSO) d) HSMD e) Climatechangeresearch (coordinationwithDST,MoES andPrimeMinisterscouncilfor grantallocationtoDMresearch) f) Coastalzonemanagement g) Environmentaleducation h) EIA i) RiverConservationDirectorate j) HimalayanEnvironment k) ICFREgrantallocation l) ResearchfundingfromPlanning CommissionunderEnvironment &ForestsSection. m) Researchfunding/supportfrom CentralPollutionControlBoard. n) WorldBankAidedprojects.

6. Ministryof Environment& Forests

Infusionofdisaster managementacross nationalnetworkof NationalGreenCorps (NGC)programme Supporttothe institutes/Universitieson disastermanagement educationonunderthe CentreofExcellence schemeofgrant Supporting/establishing CentreforDM,EcoDRR, ForestFire,EIAinDM, SustainabilityScience, Greenrecovery,Climate change&DMin Universities/Institutes StrengtheningCore moduleonDMinthe coursesatIIFM,FRI, IGNFA. ICFREtoestablishDM educationcelland coordinatewithstate Forestinstitutesfor ModuleonDMRR 7. NationalInstitute OneyearOrientationcoursein ofDisaster DM&RR(PostPGorM.Phil Management/ level)includingforinservice MHA,NDMA. professional/officials 8. MinistryofScience Promotionofdisaster 52

ResearchgranttoNIDMfaculty members,Externallyfunded/sponsored research,Internshipresearch,Grantto DMCentresinStates/UTs. PromotionofresearchonDMby

 HRPLAN2013 allocationbyDSTfrom: a) SERCschemegrantfrom environment/earthscience section b) Science&Societyscheme c) WomenScientistsscheme d) NNRDMSscheme/programme e) SupportfromTIFACschemes PromotionofresearchonDMand DRRrelatedaspectsbyallocationof inhouseresearchexpenditureand allocationofextramuralresearch grantbyCSIR: a) CSIRgrantscheme(research projects,Researchfellowship andassociateship,Scientists pool)fromenvironment/earth scienceandbiologygroups. b) CSIRgrantforattendingresearch conferences c) CSIRSeminargrants d) PromotingDMandDRRresearch inCSIRinstitutes,like.NEERI, NPL,CRRI,NIO,NGRI,NBRI, ITRI,RRLB,CFTRI,etc. DBTgrantforresearchon biohazards,climatechange, bioengineering,GMOs, bioremediation,etc. CoordinationwithUGC,MoEF, CoordinationwithUGC,MoEF,ICAR, 9. Planning ICMR,MoST,MoES,CSIR,ISROandfor Commission,Govt. ICAR,ICMR,MoST,ISRO,and planningandpromotionofresearch MHRDforplanning& ofIndia programmes/grantstoUniversities/ promotionofeducational programmesinareaofdisaster InstitutesincludingFRI,IARI,IIMs, IITs/IISERs,etc.anddoctoralandpost managementin doctoralfellowshipsinareaofdisaster Universities/Institutes managementasasubsetofallocation includingFRI,IARI,IIMs, IITs/IISERs,etc,asasubsetof forenvironmentalplanning/research. researchallocationfor education. &Technology managementeducation DSTsupportto UniversitiesunderFISTfor infrastructuresupport allocationfrom environment/earthscience andbiologysections. TIFACCentres/Chairson Sustainabledevelopment andtechnologyprovision tosupporttodisaster managementeducation DST,CSIRSupportfor organizingfaculty developmentprogramme asdedicatedallocation fromenvironmentsection fordisastermanagement andriskreduction DBTsupportgrantfor facultyrelatedwith disastermanagementand riskreduction biohazards,climate change,bioengineering, GMOs,etc.

53

 HRPLAN2013 KeyResponsibilitiesinordertoimplementdifferentcomponentsofthisHRandCDplanshalladhereto various agencies including Ministries and organizations/agencies. Followup and assessment of the overall progress need to be vouched by NDMA and the Ministry of Home Affairs. The implementation schemesneedtobedrawninatimeboundmanner(shortterm:02years,mediumterm:25years,and longterm:510years),infollowingways. A. Component 1 (Training): Detailed implementation programme for shortterm, mediumterm and longtermmaytobedevelopedbyNIDMinparticipatorymodeusingconsultativeprocessinvolving NDMA, Ministry of Science & Technology, Environment, Agriculture, Planning Commission, IIPA, DoPT,ISTM,NCDC,GIZASEM,NFSC,NIRD,IGNFA,andothernationalleveltraininginstitutes. B. Component2(Education):Furtherdividedinto3categoriestobecoordinatedatMHRD: 1) Higher Education: Detailed implementation programme to be developed by UGC by involving interdisciplinary subject experts, Central Universities, IISERs, IISc, Association of Indian Universities,MoEF,DST,PlanningCommission,IIPA,PSSIVE,BarCouncil,etc. 2) SchoolEducation:DetailedprogrammebedevelopedbyNCERTbycoordinatingwithCBSE,ICSE, StateBoards,SchoolsAssociationsandNGC,KVS,etc. 3) Technical/Management Education: Detailed implementation programme to be developed by AICTE in consultative process involving NITTT, Technical Universities, IIMs, UGC, DST, DGMS, HUDCO,DGFASLI,TCPO,FICCI,CII,etc. C. Component 3 (Research):ADetailedimplementationprogrammeforpromotionofinterdisciplinary applied research to be prepared by the Planning Commission involving a consultative process with Ministries Science & Technology, DST, DBT, CSIR, MoEF, ICFRE, ICAR, ICMR, ICSSR, CSO, UGC, ISRO, DRDO, UNDP, UNESCO, SAARC University, WHO, UNICEF, WWF, World Bank, UNIUCN, LeadIndia, etc. Theabovesubplanswillenumeratedetailingoftheimplementationplanwithphasingofactivitiesand responsibleagencywithsourceoffinancialsupport. D. InternationalInstitutes:Besidesthese,followinginternationalinstitutionsinIndiamayintegrateto countrysHRCDeffortsinareaofDRR,tocontributeultimatelytoregionalcapacity. a. SAARCUniversity,Delhi b. WWFCentreforEnvironmentalLawStudies, c. MahatmaGandhiInstituteofSustainability,PeaceandRuralDevelopment(UNESCO), Disastermanagementeducation,researchandtrainingsupportmaybeextendedbytheseinternational institutions located in India, and the Ministry of External Affairs to coordinate with their parent organizationsandtheinstitutionstomobilizesupportandengagements. 54

 HRPLAN2013 E. NDMACoordinatedResearchCapacityDevelopment(CRCD): A transparent mechanism of research facility support to the researchers and teachers in the institutes and Universities, Research institutes, and NGOs, can be coordinated in the form of a programme by NDMA.Preferencemaybegiventotheappliedresearchutilizinginterdisciplinaryknowledge,aimingat developing self reliance, sustainable solutions, cost effective socially and ecologically relevant approachesofdisasterriskreductionincludinginnovations,traditionalknowledge,policyresearch,etc. Research provisions need to be open for breakthrough and nonconventional ideas beyond the known andtestedapproaches.NDMAfundingisinadditiontotheResearchSupportnetworktobedetailedby PlanningCommission.

F. NDMAGuidelines
NDMA as the apex body is mandated to lay down the policies, plans and guidelines for disaster managementandtoensuretimelyandeffectiveresponsetodisasters.TheNationalPolicyframeworkhas been prepared after due deliberations and keeping in view the National Vision to build a safe and disasterresilientIndiabydevelopingaholistic,proactive,multidisasterandtechnologydrivenstrategy forDM.Thiswillbeachievedthroughacultureofprevention,mitigationandpreparednesstogeneratea prompt and efficient response at the time of disasters. The entire process will centrestage the community and will be provided momentum and sustenance through the collective efforts of all government agencies and NonGovernmental Organizations. It has through its various publications on disastersguidelineshasemphasizedonbuildingcapacityofHRforvariouskindsofdisasters.

55

 HRPLAN2013

C
7.TimeframeandBudget
7.1GuidingPrinciples Followingaretheguidingstrategiesforimplementation:

HAPTER

1. Whole capacity building initiatives will focus on strengthening capacity at local level with the bottomupapproachforDRRactivities 2. StrengtheningCommunityskillsfortakingL0,L1andL2leveldisasters. 3. Incentivizingtrainingspeciallyinthegovernmentsector 4. Investmenttostrengthenlocallevelinstitutions 5. Reformsinthecapacitybuildingsectorbybringingcorporateandcivilsocietyinimplementation 6. TheimplementationofHRPlanistobedoneinPublicPrivatePeoplepartnershipmode 7. Internalandexternalcollaborationwillbeencouraged. 8. InternationallysupportedprojectsforcapacitybuildingwillbeintegratedwithHRPlan 9. ResearchandDevelopmentneedsgreaterfocusforincorporatingnewideasanddimensions 10. Specificprojectsandprogramme 11. The courses to be undertaken by Universities and other Institutions must have accredition from NIDMoranyinstitutionsuggestedbyGovernment. 12. StrengtheningoflocallevelinstitutionssuchasSDMA,DDMA,PRI,ULBs..etc

7.2PrincipalStrategies The Human Resource plan has been formulated as an effort to provide an integrated and a wholesome approach to Capacity building initiatives for the country. As Capacity Building is a cross sectoral issue, cutting across all sector, all levels of functionaries and through the whole gamete of disaster management cycle of various disasters, it requires multipronged approach. Further, capacity building is much more than training and hence involves human resource development, organisational developmentanddevelopmentofaninstitutionalandlegalframework.Everyindividual,communityand organization has some inherent capacity which needs to be acknowledged and further developed. Therefore,focusisonCapacityDevelopmentasaprocesswherebypeople,organizationsandsocietyasa wholeunleash,strengthen,create,adaptandmaintaincapacityovertime. 56

 HRPLAN2013 Figure7:CapacityDevelopmentisanintegratedframework Capacity Development Framework is an integrated framework that involves all the sectors and stakeholdersatalllevelsinrelationtoallhazards.Multihazardincludesallthehazardsconfrontingthe coastalareas.Multisectorinvolvesallthestakeholdersinvolvedwiththemanagementofrisksinallthe phases of disaster management cycles, which include various branches of the government, scientific, technicalandacademicorganizations,civilsociety,media,corporatesector,community,familyandeven individuals. Multilevel implies regional, national, provincial and local levels. This widens the scope of capacitydevelopmenttoincludeawholerangeofactors. Keeping in mind the Capacity Development Framework and scope of activities to be undertaken under capacitybuildingcorearea,theimpactofinitiativesforcapacitybuildingcanbeseenonthecommunity onlywhenaunitedapproachofPrivatesector,CivilSocietyandtheleadpartnerbeingtheGovernment, isputforth.FurthertostreamlinetheoveralleffortsundertheoverarchinggameteofCapacityBuilding, theinitiativeshavebeenbroadlygroupedunderfourheadsi.e. a) b) c) d) Training Research&Education PublicAwareness Organizational/InstitutionalDevelopment

Theprincipalstrategyforimplementationistakinguptheformulationfollowedbyimplementationina project based mode. This would insure timely accomplishment of set objectives and goal with target population being benefited. Thus the impact and its related value can be judged easily and quantified. Theactivitiesenvisagedundereachpillarcanbetakenupasoneprojectortheotheroptionismakinga selective combination of various activities outlined under each pillar, sothat an integrated, wholesome approachisadoptedforimplementation. TheNationalInstituteofDisasterManagementhasalreadycommissionedtwostudiesundertheNational Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project Component C. These studies are Preparing Long term Training and 57

 HRPLAN2013 CapacityBuildingStrategyfor DisasterRiskMitigation andPostDisasterNeedAssessment forIndia. This is a befitting example of implementation of HR Plan activities in a project mode wherein combination of initiatives under the four pillars of HR Plan have been envisaged so that the target populationgetsanintegratedwholesomeapproachtoDisasterRiskMitigation. Although another practical approach for implementation would be to earmark a nodal ministry/ departmenttobeoverallresponsibleandaconsortiumofvariouslineministrieswiththeresponsibility offormulatingandimplementingactivitiesaspertheirnicheofresponsibility.Thiswouldfurtherensure ownershipandsustainabilitytotheinitiative.AnditslinkagesrootedtotheGovernmentofIndiasFive yearplans,sothatitisfunded,monitoredandevaluated. TheoptionsforrollingouttheactivitiesasenvisagedundertheHRPlanhavebeensuggestedabove whichcanbeoptedonneedbasis.

ROPOSED ACTIVITIES FOR THE HR PLAN A. TRAINING

S. No.
1. of Identification of Identification organisations/institutions in organisations/institutio ns for Disaster management various sectors and states in the country across sectors across the country including NGOs, which could be engaged in capacity building for disaster management and compilation of the related data Training Gap Analysis Training impact assessment Institutional Gap analysis

Activity

Sub Activity

Proposed Partners

Suggestive budget (in Rs. Lakhs)

# explained below

2.

*Impact Evaluation: of training in the country for governmental as well as non-governmental organisations and institutions like NIDM, ATI, CDM, NDMA, SDMA & DDMA

# explained below

58

 HRPLAN2013
3.

*Mainstreaming DRR training into other sectors (prioritised sectors may be Health, Revenue,
Rural Development, Education, PRI/ Local Bodies )

4.

Maintaining a data base of the trained Human resource

Prioritize Sector Evaluation of Sectoral Programmes & Institutional Strength of the prioritized sectors Training Need Analysis (TNA) for integration at different levels Module development (basic and specific to responsibility) Development of teaching aid Conducting of Training of Trainers (ToT) and Trainer Development Strategy for rolling out trainings for each sector Implementation strategy Refresher Training On going evaluation of the trainings being conducted Conduct Interdepartmental trainings for better co-ordination Developing a format for edatabase with regular updating and linkages to portals like IDRN/IDKN Maintaining a Database of DM trained person department wise Maintaining a roaster for their employability in DM related issue. Policy for retaining trained manpower Incentivising DM training by linking it with incentives/ promotion/ postings in all the sectors

# explained below

# explained below

5.

Policy addressing non- training implications

# explained below

6.

Training Infrastructure

Provide support for upgrading Infrastructure of existing Institutes Programme support to Corporates/ Civil Society/ Training support to NCC/ NYKS/ NSS Support to Civil Defence/

# explained below

59

 HRPLAN2013
7.

Exposure Visits National/ International *Quality & accredition of DM trainings (short term) being imparted

NDRF/ Home Guards Sending a team to National/ International disaster sites to get first hand experience Strategy to develop accredition method, quality management methods/ tools for maintaining a standard of all trainings being imparted by any Institute or Organisation and criteria for awarding certificates.

# explained below

8.

Already initiated by NIDM under NCRMP

9.

Centre of Excellence for each sector

Identification of an existing centre as centre for excellence in DM. This will be identified in each sector and will be responsible for all DM related initiatives and expertise in the field. Training volunteers for better response mechanism

# explained below

10.

Rolling out trainings for civil defence, NCC, NSS, NYKS volunteers Development of professionals across sectors

# explained below

11.

Development of following professionals across the sector 100 Trainers 100 Risk Analysts 100 PDNA experts 100 Recovery Experts 100 DM Planning experts 100 at National level then at State level

# explained below

* Some of the activities for these sectors are being undertaken under the Capacity

Development and Training component of the National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project with the support of World Bank through NDMA. The result of the study will feed into the proposed activities of the HR plan.
60

 HRPLAN2013

# Each activity requires to be developed in a programme/ project form, which will have detailed sub activities that are required to achieve the suggested activity and its corresponding detailed budget.

61

 HRPLAN2013

B.RESEARCH AND EDUCATION S. No. Activity Sub Activity Possible Partners Suggestiv e budget (in Rs. Lakhs)

Inclusion of DRR into the curriculum

1a

For undergraduate engineering and architecture courses to include mitigation technologies in general and elements of earthquake engineering in particular For MBBS to include crisis prevention, response and recovery and trauma management

1b

1c.

For Higher education

Prepare an implementation plan for revision in the curriculum in consultation with state governments, All India Council for Technical Education, Indian Institute of Technologies and other concerned professional bodies Ensure that experts are hired and they prepare the revised curriculum, and directives are issued to implement the revised curriculum from the next session Work out the modalities of curriculum revision for medical education in the country to include psycho-social care including trauma management in consultation with Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and Medical Council of India Ensure that experts are hired and they prepare the revised curriculum, and directives are issued to implement the revised curriculum from the next session Mainstreaming into curriculum by introduction of DRR interventions in each relevant sector of education and where required DRR introduced as full fledged discipline Mainstreaming into curriculum by introduction of DRR interventions in each relevant sector of education and where required DRR introduced as full fledged discipline

50.00

50.00

# explained below

1d

For School education

# explained below

1e

For Professional Education like IIMs

62

# explained below

 HRPLAN2013
2

Research Initiatives

DRR centric research

**Encourage disaster management research and documentation in the universities through collaboration with different central universities at the states Support Sectoral/ develop research Institutes for DRR National/ International collaboration Encourage action research Setting up a focal institute supporting research in DRR which will also provide a platform for exchange of research outputs and also provide guidance to research in the area.

# explained below

50.00

School promotional activities

Research Consolidated Funds

*Policy for accreditation of all disaster management/DRR related technical courses being organised at NIDM & outside Knowledge Management

Development of school chest in each school with DRR related resources for notice board and practical training Award to School/ Colleges for best practises in DM Creating research consolidated funds Provide Research Pool Funds with NIDM & CDMS Scholarships to Individuals affiliated with Institutions Identifying and mandating an institution for accreditation of all DM courses for the purpose of streamlining various courses in this field in line to AICT and other such technical bodies

# explained below

# explained below

Already initiated by NIDM under NCRMP

Creation of Knowledge portal Networking of Institutions Affiliation of NiC Integration with Google/ Yahoo

# explained below

* Some of the activities for these sectors are being undertaken under the Capacity Development and Training component of the National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project with the support of World Bank through NDMA. The result of the study will feed into the proposed activities of the HR plan.

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 HRPLAN2013

** Five universities may be identified first. # Each activity requires to be developed in a programme/ project form, which will have detailed sub activities that are required to achieve the suggested activity and its corresponding detailed budget.
C.PUBLIC AWARENESS S. N.
1

Activity

Sub Activity

Possible Partners

Suggestive budget (in Rs. Lakhs)

Already initiated by NIDM under NCRMP

*Carry out an impact evaluation of the media campaign/interven tions

Strategy paper for national media campaign

*ToT module for journalists for disaster reporting

1. Module for journalist at the job 2. Hand book on reporting disaster events in consensus with the directions issued by the Govt. 3. Guidelines for reporting disaster events for journalists

Already initiated by NIDM under NCRMP

*Design and launch the National Mass Media Campaign *Feasibility study for using Social networking site Promoting research on use of electronic media for mainstreaming DRR Functionality of an

Phase wise plan for 15 years

Already initiated by NIDM under NCRMP

Feasibility report on networking sites as a tool

using

Social

Already initiated by NIDM under NCRMP # explained below

Supporting researchers and research based organisation for mainstreaming DRR through electronic media

The Emergency cells of all departments to

# explained below

64

 HRPLAN2013 operational desk in all nodal departments at all levels for authentic flow of information from Government to media
7 also identify a focal media information desk for channelizing disaster related information at all levels national, state and district

Strategy to standardise IEC multi-media materials at all levels national, state and district

Formulation of strategy indication method of use, dos and dont, standardising the IEC material with precautionary guidelines An Institute/ Organisation mandated for scrutinising and keeping a check on the IEC material/ campaigns being used with the focus of streamlining DRR Awareness raising activities to be designed and encouraged e.g. Social networking sites to carry disaster related information and up dates, In case of disasters an interactive portal for exchange of information Tracing the missing individuals in case of disasters and this can work across boarders Opening of a window initially for two hours on National channel of Doorsdarshan on weekly basis where debates, discussion and awareness on DM related issues can be raised. Setting up of Museum/ memorallia where disaster events can be simulated and holocaust of disaster memories that have occurred in the past in India are preserved so that individuals are sensitised. Such Museums can be set up at National and Zonal levels Sound and drama division in every district should be promoted for creating awareness.

# explained below

Focus on Social networking sites

# explained below

Tapping into resource at Doordarshan

# explained below

10

Knowledge Park

# explained below

11

Sound and Drama Division

# explained below

65

 HRPLAN2013

*Some of the activities for these sectors are being undertaken under the Capacity Development and Training component of the National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project with the support of World Bank through NDMA. The result of the study will feed into the proposed activities of the HR plan.

# Each activity requires to be developed in a programme/ project form, which will have detailed sub activities that are required to achieve the suggested activity and its corresponding detailed budget.

D.Organisational/ Institutional Development

S. N o. 1 Activity Sub Activity Proposed Partners Approx. Estimated Cost (in Rs. Lakhs)

*Strengthening of local disaster response mechanism - by Organisational Development of Institutions like SDMA/ DDMA

Based on evaluation strategy for standardised implementation of SDMA or suggest alternatives in terms of HR, Infrastructure, capacities, structure, strategy for implementation, discharge of responsibilities etc Guidelines for setting up a centre of excellence for DRR Focus on structure, HR strength and capacities accordingly Budget, structure and strategy for implementation and discharge of responsibilities Focus on structure, HR strength and capacities accordingly Budget, structure and strategy for implementation and discharge of responsibilities

Already initiated by NIDM under NCRMP

*Study for strengthening of Urban local bodies

Already initiated by NIDM under NCRMP

*Study for strengthening of Panchayati Raj Institutions for DM

Already initiated by NIDM under NCRMP

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 HRPLAN2013
4

Develop a separate cadre for DM at all levels Identification of an Institute/ Organisation which will provide a platform for maintaining the data base of NGOs and their sector of work and also a co-ordination platform Tapping on the resources under Corporate Social Responsibility

Cadre for employability in SDMA, DDMA etc.

# explained below

An active platform for NGO interaction and co-ordination

# explained below

Sectoral interventions designed and corporate mandate in their area of expertise for response, mitigation and preparedness activities. Corporate to adopt a village or an area for such interventions so that their impact can be evaluated Designing an awareness raising campaign on various issues and their sensitisation Use of religious organisations for spreading message

# explained below

Tapping on the potential of Market Trading Associations Tapping on the potential of religious Organisations and sensitizing their Heads

# explained below

# explained below

*Some of the activities for these sectors are being undertaken under the Capacity Development and Training component of the National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project with the support of World Bank through NDMA. The result of the study will feed into the proposed activities of the HR plan.

# Each activity requires to be developed in a programme/ project form, which will have detailed sub activities that are required to achieve the suggested activity and its correspondingdetailed budget.
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 HRPLAN2013

DMRR HRCD Plan Implementation Time-Frame (2012-2021)

Training Higher and primary education Research Public awareness Institution building
Activity Particular Timeframe 02years 25years 510years Respons ible Agency Sugge stive Budg et(in Rs. Crore s)
1.00 2.00 2.00

1. Detailing Training Programme 2. Detailing Education Programme 3. Detailing Research Programme 4. DMin Internation alInstitutes 5. Research facility Grant (coordinati on) 6. Training/ed u.policy, contents developme nt,modules, ToT 7. DM modulesin Probation/ Induction

NIDM UGC, NCERT, AICTE Planning Commissio n MoEA, MHRD NDMA

5.00 5.00

NIDM

LBSNAA, IGNFA, NPA,IEG, NASA,

5.00 10.00

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 HRPLAN2013

Activity Particular

Timeframe 02years 25years 510years

Respons ible Agency

Sugge stive Budg et(in Rs. Crore s)

Training

(IAS,IFS,IES, ISS,ARS,IES, IMS,State Service)

NAARM.

8. Cadre Specializati onDRR Certificate Course(2

5%fromCivil ServicesIAS, IFS,IES,ISS, ARS,IES,IMS, StateServices, etc)

IIPA,IIMs, NIHFW/P GIs, Central Univ., University inState Capital. IIPA,DoPT

10.00re

9. Twoweeks Moduleon DRMin APPA course 10. Recognizing NIDMas instituteof higherand professiona llearning 11. Expansion and Strengtheni ngNIDMat parwith IIMs/IITs 12. Quantificati on/assessm entof professiona lcapacities inDRM 13. Advance Diplomain DRM; Masters course Specializati oninDRM

5.00

MHRD

5.00

MHA, NDMA DoPT

5.00

5.00

IISERs, MHRD, UGC, Central Universitie s

5.00

69

 HRPLAN2013

Activity Particular

Timeframe 02years 25years 510years

Respons ible Agency

Sugge stive Budg et(in Rs. Crore s)

10.00

14. Coordinate dresearch forcase study developme nt;and M.Phil. level1 year interdiscip linary courseon DRM. 15. Strengtheni ngDRM component under Compulsory UG Environme ntStudy course 16. Diplomain DRM,and DRM Specializati onin Masters Env.Studies course(s)in State Universities 17. DRMas Unit syllabusfor environmen tal/earth studiesfor UGC/UGC CSIRNET forJRF 18. DRMsub moduleas

NIDM

UGC, AICTE, MoEF

5.00

UGC,State Deptt. Higher Education

10.00

UGC,CSIR, ICAR, DRDO

10.00

AICTE, IIMs,NITs

10.00

70

 HRPLAN2013

Activity Particular

Timeframe 02years 25years 510years

Respons ible Agency

Sugge stive Budg et(in Rs. Crore s)

optional acrossall B.Tech.and MBA. 19. Safety &Reliability Engineeringas fullB.Tech. course 20. Allocation

AICTE, NITs

10.00

ofgrant/ positions onDRMin UGC schemes& fellowship s.

21. DRMas coreUnitin offor syllabusof environmen tand humanities inGATE 22. Allocation

MHRD, UGC

20.00

AICTE, IITs/IIMs

10.00

ofgranton DRMin ICSSR fellowship s

23. Strengtheni ngDRMin NGC programme 24. MoEF Centreof Excellence Grantfor DRMin Universities 25. Grantfor DRMunder Environme

ICSSR, Planning Commissio n

5.00

MoEF

5.00

MoEF

10.00

MoEF

20.00

71

 HRPLAN2013

Activity Particular

Timeframe 02years 25years 510years

Respons ible Agency

Sugge stive Budg et(in Rs. Crore s)

ntal Research 26. Grantfor DRMunder Forestry/C Cresearch 27. Establish

ICFRE

10.00

Coordinati onCentre forRisk Assessme nt,Early Warning &Commu nication

28. Strengtheni ngDRM course infused across schools studies 29. TIFAC Centre/Chai ronDRM 30. FIST supporton DRMstudy to Universities &Institutes 31. Institutiona lizingDM systemand safetyaudit inschools 32. Raising emergency S&RCadre NDRF Academy

MoSTwith 5.00 NDMA, MoEF, CSIR,ICAR, IMD,NIH, etc.

NCERT, CBSE, ICSE,KVs.

5.00

MoST/DST 10.00 DST 10.00

NCSRT, CBSE, ICSE,State Boards NDMA, NDRF, MHA

5.00

10.00

72

 HRPLAN2013

Activity Particular

Timeframe 02years 25years 510years

Respons ible Agency

Sugge stive Budg et(in Rs. Crore s)

10.00

33. Raising Emergency Response& ReliefCadre professiona ls 34. Establishin gChairs for specialized studiesat NIDMon Mainstrea ming (MoRD), ecoDRR (MoEF), Structural Mitigation (SERC DST/TIFA C). 35. Gradual phasing outofIn service trainingon DRMwith
Induction training, basicand professional education (Coordinationof efforts,follow up,monitoring andevaluation of)

NCDC, National Fire College NDMA

5.00

NDMA, UGC, AICTE, DoPT, NIDM(and

an independen t programme auditteam).

10.00

TOTAL

250.00

Phase of Preparation Phase of execution by Responsible Agency

73

 HRPLAN2013

74