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i
RECOMMENDATION FOR ACCEPTANCE
This is to certify that Rebat Kumar Dhakal has prepared this thesis entitled
Errors Committed by Grade Eight Students in Free Composition under my
guidance and supervision.
Lecturer
Faculty of Education
ii
RECOMMENDATION FOR EVALUATION
This thesis has been recommended for evaluation by the following Research
Guidance Committee.
Signature
TU, Kirtipur
Reader Member
TU, Kirtipur
Lecturer Member
TU, Kirtipur
Date: 11-09-2065
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EVALUTATION AND APPROVAL
This thesis has been evaluated and approved by the following Thesis Evaluation
and Approval Committee.
Signature
TU, Kirtipur
Professor Member
Chairperson
Subject Committee
TU, Kirtipur
Lecturer Member
TU, Kirtipur
Date: 11-09-2065
iv
DEDICATED
To
My parents, Gurus/Gurumas and seniors
whose blessing is always with me.
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I owe much to Prof. Dr. Jai Raj Awasthi, Prof. Dr. Tirth Raj Khania, and other
members of the department for their help and support in carrying out this research
successfully.
I feel pleasure to express my special thanks to all the teachers and students of the
selected schools of Bhaktapur district who cooperated and helped me while
collecting the data for the study.
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ABSTRACT
Unless and until grammar, mechanics and organizational style are cared for in
writing, it may be better not to attempt writing at all, let alone free writing. The
study entitled Errors Committed by Grade Eight Students in Free
Composition is mainly concerned with identifying and describing the errors in
agreement, preposition, article, capitalization, cohesion and coherence in free
writing. For this study, 80 students studying in five different English schools in
Bhaktapur district were selected using disproportionate stratified random sampling
procedure, (i.e. 16 students from each school, consisting of equal number of
students from both the sexes got selected). A set of subjective test items,
consisting of three free writing questions, was the one and only tool for data
collection. The frequency of errors in agreement, preposition, article,
capitalization, cohesion and coherence were counted, computed and analyzed as
well. The study showed that the students committed the highest number of errors
in capitalization and the lowest number of errors in using prepositions. They
committed 3661 errors in total, out of which 613(16.74%), 439(11.99%),
487(13.30%), 810(22.12%), 715(19.52%) and 597(16.31%) errors were
committed in agreement, preposition, article, capitalization, cohesion and
coherence, respectively.
The study consists of four chapters. The first chapter deals with introduction to the
study encompassing the general background, literature review, objectives and
significance of the study. The second chapter deals with the methodology. It
encompasses sources of data, population of the study, sampling procedure,
research tools, process of data collection, and limitations of the study. Similarly,
the third chapter, which is the core part of the study, includes the analysis and
interpretation of the data. And finally, the fourth chapter incorporates the findings,
recommendations and pedagogical implications of the study.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
Declaration i
Dedication v
Acknowledgements vi
Abstract vii
CHAPTER-ONE: INTRODUCTION
viii
1.1.5 Capitalization in English 12
CHAPTER-TWO: METHODOLOGY
ix
CHAPTER-THREE: ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
4.1 Findings 56
4.2 Recommendations 58
x
REFERENCES 60
APPENDICES 63
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LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS
1. Table No. 1: Sample Population
xii
LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
% = percentage
EA = Error Analysis
ed. = edition/editor
etc. = et cetera
L1 = First language
L2 = Second language
M. A. = Master of Arts
O-V = Object-Verb
xiii
Rainbow = Rainbow English Secondary School
S-V = Subject-Verb
TU = Tribhuvan University
viz. = namely
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