OF AMERTCAN ARCH,*OLOCY

RD UNIVERSITY
vol. xxrrr No, r

TEE MOUNTAINSOF GIAMS

A N.{CI^L AND CIJLII]EAI, STUDY OF TITE
NORTE ALBANI N MOU^-f,rIN GElcs

c]\RLpmNs. cooN

CAMBRDG4 MASSACIIITSETTS!Usl!
PIJ}I,ISIID BY TgE MUSEUM

ri1rJs RIPruNTCO,
 THE MOUNT'AINs OF GIANTS
A IACIAL AND C-IJLTVRTIL OF TI{E
'IITDY GHEGS
NORTITALBANIAN MOUNiAIN
 TIrc @s of thc Eloqtork Clnh - . FivrE orSNizrtjon af ftd'n6 of
mrl@@l@ in Hdnd Univ.Bnv dd Rrd-Lfe CoJ.8r - i! ords o sb@
,h* rit;-.. ,fdi@ ror P'olsr c.ia dtbkd r rud b helP
"!d
&frly dr publiciiu .xPaG of thi! nmognPll

Tn. foUowj.g PsPle dddihut dl

ha
 CONTENTTS

&cn tb? ! i
'dPL 'hd.
As.dfusd

i,
Ag.odPidy'

&codn4hde*lEhdc@
sYPRolLaMs:AGE'FuNcflo{'EN.

THEMo(^TANGgEcPHIMTYP!' $rdi'nquhM,b ! ctrsiru

Iv. tu drG EyGn

v.Piatfuldd
vlt'n;r of 6. sE s r *hdc d ot n! dd;hD b!e; @ t &rqc

P b d q F d d l f.!e 6 b d ' d d 6 :
H dfu| !M.od,' 4c.q.q
Ra ' q d l w fu d i !b d y l i a d b ' n.n!fri.ei'oe.
r d^ J fu d i !&* d d t
Gtu'"r *6d ii,t" r.- dft rc addhfuo' i qdl dE ' s
kih-r d6 cde .
elioclfuhP'gffiM' '
n4 @ | d c 4 !E M d q tu r

LlsT OF TAILES
LNu!6dwfunEEdbyild4d
sti4Bfai@bddo6Pqllg'I Nr'hofigilEqfuilfi.Ili€.
r tu;dq dd sd6
I M*irolN 6d rdts @eE t+

r s !4 b !d d d 6 !'
i;.
 LIST OF LINE-CUTFIGURES

: ' ' ed i !s d o ' i d | q fu i J ' G b w i

r T ! f u ' i d !trh h d d l fu .

LIST OF COLLOTYPEI]GURES
r-dil'nu,ntryPdMstrliiGh4avneq t A crtufic cr€

3i r, e Lddcd &rh ii sP4 &t'q Mie

4, 4 $trdd Dbd Moq6 Ghq,

q,, ra dDdis K's zod' eh&v Ftv, ., 4 rh B6ik qonhw&
' 9?c d ft
4 Tub bridg. oq d! whb Dd4 Es
q 4 PjPhr@ b r dd @p.
q 4 rrdv b fty-rddd
'i|@d g]NF
q t si*r b EY@9-tur6dd soP.

4 6 ah! uiddoled bd.

$ 4 Pec Jq Mfbjoi d ei;q wtu b
'rq
b* i sld u, vddoE b hld rqm Ge .
4 Td Tdi, & oq.dtur
4D q k :g j !Po fu c ti ry o o d !Pd b !R {
',edIuhdoidDd@j'irlfu&de
4^ twm rtsn d Mffi (;gft) Yift lti

. , Ag a P d G & 9 6 1 4 | i 4 i 4 ' h d & .

furt!tKogas'DFb}a*ytrkhdi
THE MOUNTAIN'SOF GIANTS
AND CVLTUML STI]DY OT TIJE
ALBANIAN MOUNTAIN GHECS
 TY.:.

R4'i''a qrb tt' torr'iq o1 q;pat$bb,

'k
 THE DINARIC PROBLEM
ENKER (lsJrroro as ih.6d nI B.U L.Ler bnbE vid. in Bddi., Atrlb,,
I-, jor dl,rm;r of lIN b rtogd* th. G.mdr md th. Adri{ic AIF r hnn&ld Dr
difi.gs bd.6 , tn6 ot Eropd noE dv b. ftiblrd i. dL Bbm &..j
bnchyephrl. th. cwoeipiEl Alp& with T.nb rim md esve fdid. idd6r.
hb mihf llq loe-bridfrd-blobby-nG.. rd ldour qdion
_f!m dD-rrh* tsoDh wE r
sbcLt 6uild; Dd nt! BIls. t ud. Add.tit o! d!ffi th. M M.diE@
Dinqc wirh hi3 p]toaip i:l 5h , hs lm8, Dli@ th. whor. ncsr b!i@ ol lrmF
ih(F;! brr d. dh. wh.d rh6c di.otici!
u ;s..' E. coii.cdy ImEd d. Dinfic co d hrv. 6!a Dhctsth. b.ei']@-of ilre
Bid. Ag. Eri thd th. id;tgM--ts @ld
tho laM A&i{ic .@ A sidnr fom, tb.
Atumid, hc dro found in thc nouti$ or ncdlv hodomff ;.dfri.d.
Alllhii dd inc C es. S.n6 n.Nred ToJry the bininc ;;cohdm Li6 in th.
sinccDmilcr's dry hE confnnd d. .ii*- Adritic Alq vith r s.ll6 nucLs id ih.
ac. ol $clt pcopL in ths. Oil'* di CdFrhirs, Aurhor vho pnblirh.n b.l@
dd.. hs lllou ih{ Diuic 'la. f.tu r nd l92i !.L ihr tllc !.ry edd- Mdd 6. loud
ry6".d b rh. vhie De, bft nry bc sd id ronhd Alhsiq lde tb. @6iy w
in Iffi of Aiic dd OMir ud bont !@. w d .nd qF4 th. loel De.[ the ndr
of tf,. Indi$ fim M.nco rnd P@-Tf,* xchtic in EjbD., sd b.c6!i d'. s.I si*
ob6r.rim h1ecl.d to ttc th6is dEt Ditdi- of nl)lfunai :tsdy eGEd in S.rtui
c'ltio! i! l biologicd pmc* whhh m hrf so iddioFn. Ghdi. $mcd dE tusc
ehc. in shich 6 s;dv dE Dinrric @hhifr
ths b @xy , eebEir (:) b dddib. in
' Lrl of th.6ly i:mirl mrdirl diF .ad d.bil rhc DiRii ilTq rnd (b) b.ipl.in
s fr in the wrld. Didric.Fci'.6 n rb- 'c
si Nothnq codd b. ndi fthov.d froE Mod.m biol@ of6 .t l.s 7 drdG
rn .mirl lid flci.l fos ol Ne.d.4hrl. stuch worJd dillin Ditrcizrtion.
CcM@otr GiLe ItiL u uy or$s Lnom 1. Th. Htbriilidifu Th.a4. A qrtliB-
Icit. I shoe hdn hdd . loiE fie ! rio! of d.nimts in a crc b*.!n 2 @ts
eFw irq. r drioaist -ith
rll ih6. rdG ielv di6.ft Dodl6ric o.. IdE h-ad.d
nnd * tb. oppoaiE .ioluti@ FL fM md iEN f:el in. orh; mond h;d.d lnd
th. dly spdir;B. Norc of rna dLy slruIt bbrd faed, r dt drot lB4 brmd he4
Im Ainiicr rn Din q@ & my b b . hish h.rd, bFrd for.hRd. @ j,q ldi8
fobna in rlE Fd lsr Neolidtc om in EF fre lonp n@ rffi Dls-:n tlle |lE
bDc rhe Nar &51 od Afrie ft dtd ddinri oed tlEir oppsiE ndb.b, dd
uilordv M.dih@ snd vhdt @ddcY brcoghr bBethd, e Dilinc fom might F
bwrd 6qch9@hdv os i3 cwoeipial,
mu$lv i;uAd rM .did Fpubbos 2. Tbt hobriwt Thedr. As D.ln}'^-
' Tnea$d DiMichownodidof . Is sLTr oointsoui nd s.dcis row hou tt {
st!!s fr@ BmM. As ds in MGoDtuiq mlhiid Ek lLe !.n brlltc U Ditui-
-buitb in CFni! &Ed
md Lk CoDd A*_Ekn cEqion ! o.ioluridn:ry i'r6c.6., tha only
d abofr rodd a.c, th4 DiiGG lE r m. s.!. ; iNolRd, 10 d@mirc thie v.
ninonry. Fn!@u ol rhr( plmmrbly Dn sst-sdy ti. neclrnic of rh. DiMc h.rd
kic ,*uur 6k b.m trrcrnhcd h sirnh md fr€ loh, ftfrhmo$, if t}'is it m.,

'tu 6q rry dm*d by tsu3t4 res id

Dindic Europ.ltr sho'id no! dif.! lrm Drob.6lY t o lov. Tn. r9r7 (ffG !.Poed
Drh&Eurcp.?iqor DindcAfleGnInd G i,aat-mMB io arbxnir: th? rero -IiIs
rnm orh; A'nljm isd th; f@re to r,00r,r rt ol wnm 104,134
rnaftd tetu6, $cn 5 5Li4 htr, md eYe v.c c:th6lic. Th. t9r0 ans 31vd rbc
coloi. hair loq hdr diseibnnon,.n Npubnon d.triry for Albdi. a r6t P.i
In iTn. i2c oI Eurots," I Doined out ioLlft llnom€F. or ro, Ds squ* milt Tb€
rh* rllov.i knbn lhpi dficnft PoPUL- n:unrM ch!. couno: ncdv d,v'd.d d@
don h:d bm €xpsi.nchg 3 rtddY ct 'n I @vr.6 a;thout Rgrd d dbn bound
rh€c!ph:I. mderlromrbourntudih c.ntory *il vs eid b nrv! 100 iihbitmb Pd
I :tuibued dris to the slu- qu.E nile in Djbn provincq 7J in sodi
^D;wrd.or d.m€n6 dtrilcd ftom Prc- oiovince dd 6,t in KNvo Drovinc'
eenc€ z.n.m
_N.olilhic-@oll:uoB ' In lerdthehnd ft. of Albrni.va t0,600
As i:m.R,nd hdd!
n.n E';J;t d Euopq th. hsM x'd squrrc niLx. Widr r popuii@. or l,oor,r2a
lrh.r;n virhdrw ro ihe forsb dd nom_ rlic dsiw M ths ta pd squrt nilc, not
;,iN. x'6rur1v rhe h(s ser dinihied d ror. Ir w; $bdd 3 froin ac1 ol th. othd
r rociJlLy5obni.4td dcmhr ii rhe gcnrnl ,qAUA,v. obed tI. Jousins.om.dc
DoDuhtionThe hi$oricin.R{. o bmchy D,bn a sduL o?.Ko$ovF 6 Thi! cr
ixihdv u6 du( o thc iekcn{.nlu. or bc .heck.d hy hds of ih. Ctholic 6g]16
'hr
rh;r n;rti.ulr he,d ron $ thcn u0nqusoE Of rhe ro4,oobCrtholic t Lst 14,m0It j'
kilhJih(rehs oil,b $ror q.a*kc..c y .itis, l..vinE no norc rhm 90,000on dib{l
hnd!. Tribd l.nds.xclEiv.lv C{Mlic .ovd
Weitldlcich_hd rc. ly eken th. P6irion d. I2lt quae njl6i rhose@cupiedby Carb-
rhr bnchl.ephrltzbo, is, ProgLs'!e €vG olics dd Moslemsogeher $out 44o squue
ludonn :ED. H. .hims L\r n Produ6 r Tns 14J0squc nil.s 6,y be con-
E@ diicci! conein tor tn. br;in th:n 1 'rn4-
ridq.d carholic couirry, {d viih . FoPUI._
lons. ndrow sknll; th.t rcund hced b bst don .f 4 om rhis Yiel& 6, Esm Dd s0@
$iid lor th. ftqunem€ns ' of rh! ad Pc_ lhich ,c.od wirh $a corFded c;nsu'
hE.' wh.rhd not this thdis is mech,n 'nil..
6nre Sbt iq: poinrbrtun d,eDibE:nd
'ir hr don. 1sflicc LNo"o hNE M obrm.bo't ?0 Ps sqs-.
icany corec! w.idd.ich
rlnd nq hf supPonmlhe msnirat concu nik for [l6hm hndi, trhich co\er :bour
rhr-,rcocrn bnuhvcphrlv i5 cnd.nic ,r00 {usr mild. Th6li. d5r Populion or
'or
,nd nor oI i...nt ddnrdon fdit ofttr con rbouri60.oo0on. huii,cd rdniry Pluso0
ri...6. Tn* in .n nob&d populdon n my .quds2t0 H€nrt our6nm{. ol: bul Ch.g
ho doninmt is orc or our Pid.nt subjccb or
Ou .dia of I 100mm mY EPGent
ThiDr$cni frern , !ui.d for such r on. sr ent of'Bdr thi dutt mL 0 d, ; li4.
nodr ih. lrnd of th. EibslGhqs i5: ,Ts I $m;1., conwd 6 othd.,tional sflels or
ouirry. lidh ,norcthr rr00 mird 5qu. s d d ru il lrs s d n s n lrd m r l l u i b d r d
Ib Dd'n,rion prdb$lv ns o rbour,ro'000 hbn.vrG Drftofcrch tr$e. it n!l!d$chief
of ;ftn eo.ooi0 r,r 6c c:tholi6 rd I d0,000 elds. Fid;m6. frmen, wl* dh'6 ihd.
Mcl.ris.r In 1910ie vr. rold th* th€ pop_ dq l,ti,i rnd j. sho{ 3 cmplorc .rcs s{-
ulrion dr i{ndns ur $our ll,oo0 .ll Cdll oon orrl. popuhnon bothrcS'ocnLy in non
olic, lhn of Prka rdom. oI whom 3000 w.ft r$c. rndltr qnd rc difi(driraotr b*.d
Mo;bm md 6000C.tltoli6 Tns. 6su*s se on rk md occuprtio. lve did not n€N&

h l n ' d 4 ' h ' k tr@ J In i h d Prq .i .J66 m Mu!m. rN d4{n,I i,F{. qu d,j.( @

&ia Ho(*{. ! mEh 6c h'Lei Fiq {d .^rb1s4 Dr; /"", Jui! r, Fr, Ior c6$
mu&i! eo vio id c@€ doM to thc si his sc.r. it sod sFciic Doidi ir ri*, AI
citiq Ye wEt nb the nombiG ,nd n6- cdtrc cb@.. .ithd n cdrDlqiN d mE-
ty iD d.Djr, ;d do !hs. ,ihjcn Doe. d.
B6idr th. dthrcpom.Ei. d.E jB.jf ft md dowly siry dNgh in : Is y.,6 b
hr!. &k.n rm! mitl! io ddsib. rnd dn- m,L. n\is tu nt@ Suchg scific iim
cN rh. mdrd dd scirl .nrt@.nb in lofls s exed rh. .rhiqnphic pluot."t
whicn or sbieu liv.d. Thn n:dhl i! 6 Foi ih. bre dI itu ndv rhr .d,r
*biirl fd ou ltudy 6 th€ m@rc'mE frrDhic DdHi should b. the ;mc bllw
rd .hqfl{i.a .n th. lrm th.melB, It ifi..dft i'r wbich !h. ftjonry of ou dlc
not orly d€s.rib6 ihe DhFia-.hdiel irnu- Fd.Eic $bi6 vo. concciEd ,nd th.t.r
trs t6I ber on nh. iFaq q,nnq blr vhich tnry li.d Mhed !dul( Dhvsiel flm.
,ko d6sruid ih.ir !Fk6 oi nidng, vhich Tbs bodi htrdtry rnd Nnci;.nt vil b.
r. of Drin. imodne rc swd. inc*d giv.n dnc .totior, Th. r0r3 nm in ru
in a@Ac rb['E Fufthemior., dd r v. $i6 nng€d f'm 13)6 of rg. b shiliry,
sdll $€ thl5 is ,bo or e''urery npomnk, h $iti ih. grn m:iodry b.dm :J :nd 49.
F€t d1. c'i6Ely ionhjled *chri.:l ThlllrmlBlo.+)ts. W. did oor m€lry-
iotu€ncG which litanlly "sh.p. ou ards'; ins n 1929-30.Th. nm d* of biril' {s
dr @nnbrs ot udl6q b'bia th.n !h!, lscq vftn . nnqe of fod 1360or du.r
!s{ts c siil Dlsdc. dd-vhich ih.'hiLA]b,nid br9rr.1f w. rdd 20vs tor dr naMrion
nNcjn .q ii:t oth.r F.pl€s in souh6- eees dr! mge riH from lhot 1330to th.
€m [@F md 6cd Aria 6ploy, a*. of ndsnfis, vitl ib rd 4 lelo.
tD !h. foloMc chiDs re ;hlil nd rE Ou .dn@Dhic rd.nr b rfiscf@ t
kmDr b coE! eGry deEil ot Ghq olilia- dc b.nd 2 di.:ila ddq com.ndred r lhe
noi: This s Dor. tiorL of €drnogsphy, bn pdiod Isco-roio, At thh in. rh. momein
one of sMd@, w. r. iitEi€d in the dthrl :'E of Gh@L foded. lile the Gr
m.ir oldim of 6; cde s vhdl. md odrv ot Albhia pm of the Tu rish Empire zdd
'
i! rhE debils rbn b.d spcciiely d orir dE hmic .tc of fnilv f€nds md iimibrl
Eob,o, qbarthtGha'ndhdidA ey wrtu M-h ftll siiq. In th. cDltul d-
icquiE tun p€.nr miomiol chmdn- scriDoo6 sikn in chr;tu , on Tannol-
osirnd oiDprtid ilmush 6, Riturl Ufq"
On. Iunh( rt of d€fniti@ is ..cNly:
b Dhc.e gmDG .n rh. scd. of tio.. In *is lPecGd w hrE relm. d y to tti;
dGiribing my olt{r., rh. ainognpher hst
lc6+Plc4dG@''q,,'dlddP|!€i
 (sdPdd {d trhdd noD ebdIo4u@ P i cdd.
'
 LAND Of THE HIGHLAND GHEGS
.-r1HE FDL who f.rm d. ohi.ct of tl t 6vns rlong th. SerbGAl6rid bord.r vhid
I mdi ;e the nomEin(a ;ho i.h$E s.d s u .cfromic ddd for both D.oDl6
ihc Din dc nouEin ci.n d .ithE sid. of Thb .thnic bordd is lr frm cfard,
de EorF s bv dE ri6 Ddn @ iE %y Scv.r:l vhol. eibd of Gh@ lirc on tnr
f@-rhi Ssbiri DLr o dr A&irdc Md! Kosdo DLir rllru wltn eilLc of S.rbd
oI their couEa [as icid. the Fliticd bomd- Th. udbE of d* l,owld; chs ni-
of Albria blr ffi oI ii hr. bel@.d geEd rnc i! th. dft of rhc Tu[s, .6r rnc
'd6
D Y@o6hvi f;r tlle Dd n\ird oI . @|;ry. d.Id ol tlk Trr D6hd 1rs. dbbc.d
Th.y-sF,I dr nonriem of thr 2 Albinir GhlE m Dmb,slv d.sdd.d lrm thahiqh-
l{siaa, or dirlE6,r Gh.q, Thly c nor Irnd-Eiba but n vould Ek much wdf@
hofoir. thr o.lv Gh.s $a!6. Thd r eblih th.n dd r.LiiochiF. W. re
i,oshd s *€li 6 Aefurnd ch6 Th. unrSL to fts@ no& .b! if.w ol thm.
olBdr ndv mdFm 6dv t. liii The ud th.refor. strl nor oGidd rhm in thi!
ido, vhy ;hcv w.& 3rlciany chM is n\.t
tnly sriil pi€8i64 i! 19i29,Itul dtu.l r Ed Tik tdl,nd Gheg: of Albd., who
{u!Iv .ludd tu elid omw rh. oe
EuoF. Ttu b^ om siDsl dmhi4. rul6 Ei fm- ,h" .6.;"d b rhc
.f DriJ.Rntid nr@ G d.6niu da @ sdl -a,l -h; the riv.. Shtmbi
A'dridic ud louthwiib
oh.i.ftd. W. LTori dd ooly vho mdj6 the hdftidrl fmddd 6!M€t Ghqnh rd
Tdldia Mdy or 1hc T6ts ar; Geeji
sytu hs b.s dods oo ror Iruy g.n.E- Onhodd Chrnni,6. Th. Gh.ss vho
tiG, For : sdy of hlffi sd.ii6 dis Cni6&s e Rmd c.tnouc, The tujdrirt 'E
rcid nG obom rdnMgt, oI both divisiotr is Mo6ld, The nN solidly
Lh. H'gMd Gbe8s*ho rom be obJft Mdd pan of Albni, tr tle c.nE ] q1oD.
ol ou lnvdtiErdon6d@!.d F r0 ob6. in bor, Gb@ir rnd T6ldq whd th. hnd-
[lown m 6sui r. The ri ltGlsir. M'dhq 5c,F a rha l€4t l:W.d. Both b@d5 of
Ddcsia ftlsi'. JTLTTE!Hd, Lrh+ ?ula chiKi,nis liv.il lhro;h rbr rullGh @im(
Zi&in4 [rri. rd Dihn. B.fon nd suea{uly in d€ moMi6is. |li $.
r9tJ
^tird,arU of th. Eibe, deor Dukaq vnich $frh, h6id. n\c -f6b r. thodld! or
ooq buch Yuschua qdd€d r &tuin dF Wrchs-ih.Dh.d5 sFting Rurunn * th.n
tu6 irto th. pc.rt tultory of ib* com- udr tonrr{d bdcG. The EpibE bor-
ft, o1r M 6ath. noldm 6orda ti. oE- d..ldd ciG rLrdsh {i@ whd;GFr,. md
I{, & r'old m. lM6y.r.h. MonFoecrin AlbDih vilila ;ELD. qEinc uoubL
3oc rdsir ddc.nt frcm Albmid frniltd, Thmusho; Arbrni{ @ 6ntrs odF or
md m in& .vrry sg. of ljnelisdc md uon.drc_sli4 liviry by th.t rditionrl
hd6 of;:il v{LiDr lonu}Ruira hos+
uiE. Jc.ofrh of S.udi, hov.ve. w.ftl ndrg, e In dtr ldd cid€ thm i dmlE
luuy Albuim vilrss v.e hdd.d od b
&r6ir rftc! th. ad6n ltd. md thii oed *;;"j; pdiftts. rn ln. chcs
hdh .cdonic rld politidl dir6. Fdh.r @sy. h@.r. $s L do mm rd ryF/
161 frdn Pei. @ Dbr:, ih. honndrry M-
I *i .. h."rdor ir.E v.- i"dj"id',I
I ouui6 rt tnr iin. em rhe YoEdLq rn in Bi6l, sd dd[.r ";i;fi
in KtrL6,-6orfi in th.
or n\r lRn-sic pditjrdrnd of rle msket
'U

d!6iiElv {ktu dlv e dGdv rfrrcd rull,,s or & ,ffi ch* d-l; i{h. h !h. oq ot'
d dd;q d @q hqirs. Ed in i@@; bcd
 Th. aursy of ih. Highlnd Gh€! i3 .i tu e. D ihplsiy. iffid ot .eot@isl
dtirdv ndn'hoB. Nlhouh m th. mre chrngFby.r lld bys of sdimndry r;dr!
i6l.nldr r 7t mil6 @d iE sidth tt, thd NrEd rd trph.r!€d 1L r suc ol mubL
dimdd fln b @vcy rhc v*icrl dimc.
ft. 6ils go up ud down .nd aI .rlm4 Although dr tsEn:.c grol%y of ths
dinbina siria. rd Mi@. Id ]9t9 ir dEc r.31d rm:s ro be srudid, rndsh i!
bol Jl6. 6 ;o n\. le@dof ti. che lhDm of ir for od im.dht pryc I'q-
hishlan& bi rniEbl. m4;f Nv.l * it di:i G 2 shos l_ min i.g'@ in
@ @ tha Urikd Shtd by nn. To r Al- _g.oLsrat
Gh(gM. Trr. 6F s rtie M;@oic thfte l
hdid, Shdr is 6 fr fFn Dtbn a, b d honnoiF of Mllsi. . Mdh. rnd D.6 of
Andic.r\ s:n Frcio is tlm 3l)@ Duhgir rd M.!ir. J,l@e&. Thir is I on-
dnudm of rh. har. rccty ldd'ets soch*
:Ginic or Moodqd whic[ .odr of
LrL S.Ei Rrch6 dr. !e in r flclx'd .r

sn ilc rni af idtcE foldi's j! liko*i&

mcny uffimne, (N.rinq @ of Dul€q^
rh. NL.t d M.tui sdos of Mrl5i; ;
J,lova. ,nd the Bunm .nd 3.ftha ,,,4}J
(r. p- ro) or Pur. In n\r clmd $ r:r
d6iSmt d. mG of slu.[ n Donh of ;E Drin,
g€orogicrr condinotrrenhh drorfoodd h-
nedhely norrh of the bordli
The ft.md 2on G m ol iene@ ruclr.
conp@d mri' v of s@dnabd abbrc,
:rhi! zor. c4; rll of li,tud'a nN-of Zr

A.':'nuqruFdoE dE 8bubegd

eq. Hhs ti4dcR@6r)t 5 t6tu!

bi4 dEot6. flkb. (drEs,j, Frr, pp 4r,
i.g hru of It6, rI of Lmr rnd dE r'kr
A conc.dhftd jMblc of sow-corcftd em ol I\&r Thn
r:lA. ri5;@ F 700G snd 3000-fmt h.ish6 ;orphic Tnsic md Uppr Palr.@oicdF
'rh. n(uuis of Gh.oi: Idrbw @ !6DL ps,iq d.oly dod.d. wjlh sao sloDc rd
sh of lttuel tr; snd vrual bur in- ncfr btu, Frm rt'. J,@i,tud,
ri?rd Iof,i a Lnor ifi;uah_c vhi.ri .h. rivq poin,"llmrl
it lis hEnedi& b.s.€n rh; mrdt-
Dtr b{ cft : F@ jn EmdRod roc
n.y frcm tfie pLD ol K6o,o io rh. Adii:ric Thr@h rh6. no-ftin ns6. c6red
S.i, In th. v;& of $e Drin gory. rh. d!.1- oI dfft^r kjn{tsof rocb |rid do; rf up-
 h..vd 4 dif6t D{iodr. dow i6 z riwF
Dd th.ir dibu*ie" The ft ib. Dr;n ,nd
dr Mrri, Bv Ndyine th.n m d div.
mN Ei i r r'b;vLdc ol ih. dbn
gtoSnPhy 6f Gh.g.i1
s?.198v
"f .d{ Es or Koirls tha & I DliE wlii. .nd
Sldck Th. WhiE Drin cuid of th. ftc!
lrom tltt c{twd el@. ol d. !.ir d !6h
r.gid in MdEd€ro. tld dos s!.hwrd
@ th. Albrir bordd, sfift i rlln Gi
A 3hot bu sif! @ldudr flw ved.rd
udd d. bridgB sd doudilll of t[. city of
Ocluid( sodb .l Gh.g Eriort. It do*
enhMrd in r d.dv ffiizht lir. d'@h
rh. DbE v.Iu N'tk toiT ol Bie Didn
ud Litde DiljE' (Pdhlspi.J. As ii 6os
donl$d tfi. !dr.y CroB ftrcp, r.d in
ph@ b.@m6 s Corg4 siich oFB @t 18:in
At Kulas the ? bftn.hB nd !@ rhn
Dont @ 6. dc of th. nE b.d b tEt
iad rh. w@r ru16 dM loinine
@. rhrcuPh i6 dvo!-lilla cna;l 'nd-lsFuEl ir
F;h6 rh; ro{lddsi wh@ ir dieidB ift ,
.hdclr, o'E {os into Lr}. Sddi shich
in M ddi6 inb dr sa Th. ornd nod
dircsdv i; tb. Adriric Ecat for th.-lar
fry drn6 of i6 tlgR rfi. Drir i! bo flit
for uvigltim 16 isdbiliti6 Jd hy&o-
Th!;hu riE:th. Mrti,oos nb !h.
d i shd dim. sotrth of I6b. t dni6
r[. dibrl ld& of M.!i, sd nd of Mirdie.
It tu i! sifr Dd uMvisrbL, !n<l in tjdtu
ud di@ old inDGibli E lord,
TIis;!B,nd rh.ir wbhl(rs iom ih.
aul bomdrie brM dib6. Dihn md
Mdi flrn tfi. dEiaB of tIE Bhck Drit .rld
M.ti liv4 ttsBi_v.ly: sd th. whh.d,rlc
!.tu ins. iEE is ih.n h6dary-
WLin DdG in Yu€6hvi& is tfi. bNnddy
6!tun H{ .nil tr loqlrid ro}. of ?;
dtia.r ir bon\ ddi6 it di'id6 rt6 fm
Lmrj ril in Alboj. do*, tn! ffbin d
Drid dividG lls frm ?ul{l. Mdsil c Jrlovt3
f.oh PDIa Ddqin from Prka dd Mrlsi. .
Mdtu lrm rDl{;dd 7-rdrtma Th. nolind
Smch of d. Mdi, tl'. Fa vhi.h ir ir 6
dieid.d jnb rh. LjdL Frn .nd th. lis Fr,
dni6 Mirdia q(E ld dk ,r?r* oI Soa
th. nonhvM 6;Ed oI Bbch fom ;;
of n\. Drin tu. iryfth rhti mr q63d
r!. l|n6h.A h.Mm rh. Drn rd d!. I rd;
i! !i. b.und.ry b.tu PuLr rnd Mndtu,
Th. ddnudm of rtu vat6h.d b.tu
Mni rd Dibn q.in *r*c Irth.r noi[.
[,lirdu fmr L6E M|Und Mdia ud
Dibn dd Lm. 6 of dle ahcl Driq E
p,r&n by iLrJ ed96, mnMg IrE y, dr
Tfie nvs wc noE ofe. s bih:l
b@dd6 djd s D!85 of ftv.I, Th.n
hdls e 30*.cD tlui thc rarls suily aold
rh. cd6 .nd .liorrd6 of thc noeuic, onty
ilippilg dlM inb rh. %U.rr vh@ n ir
@b.sthd. TIr& wh G so
sift dir d'lv n ft il6 @ d.v bc Mv-
isdn. Ar d rU rhqf 'e hdi.s6 h%l
Ii ie r n c l@ hom to .t@e|ld rhn
b rfi. rvl.drdn;.D bsi., l,id5-lyi;s o di.
rM dopc of psiph.nl Lnd nl,g E
eir mor nin tlr de m dk €' Th.
hEhd th. nohEi6 nrd.ifu th. cm th?
n;F th. nin. ch.!u dd MmiddroiN.
rfi. h€vi6r frirfiil or my Mdfitur
comuis, Tl| I&inic c@ frm I:i u!
b Dublovfllc &eir6 w[ oE 60 irch6 o]
rsh r ysriud rI of Glqni,, baclrfEn $c
cEr, gd b(M.n d0 dd {0 ifthd, witfi rh.
toEl d.cEdi"g 6 ih. .a
Tl* is @t.I virtr nin, It nry nir dy
hontft of the y.r, rd ill. sMffi nidfnl
buls rwhe frsh 4 b 3 irchd .roeh b
Fnft rhc cultiqrion of llwr by dJt f,fr
i&. This frft dm dla rtu Ghq hi!ftlmdj
oi of rh. n"r.diM.d cllnft-d; lrl.
einE nd ehich b.qic b frl in S.Dmb.r.
b.coffi $ow rr d:. fikhq diibd6. O.ly in
rfi! hiqhd dd d th. Frlc d6 ii
Idt oni th. wi'r!.8;. n!.whd d ffiid .t
so*frlt {d tll3s and6 dis Egim d u-
Dh.qr 6 N* I'drnd in alv srie,
' Ih. 6FEM
;Fn' Eofift j6 inr iopri
or nd M.diMam ci@ nch d d* 62
rnd oL;€, qhjch $on diedp.r G od. tovE
thc me AI of dE qlm,4! Eeir !tu
*Eu lsstc od or r{a bornd of tlr l(@
svo pl.n dr climE h.mm6 cd.jMEl,
Tnc rd{l elsEti@ oI t[. Gf,{ lill md! At nishr bo .ecd dF !@ic .nd
t6 bd pen d E@ (trpLElr d; rlri fo6 ol dii' rirlFdd.rd.d clmr nin
ol rlnni ue orhd M.ditltmau bodd hdhd r nuhs ol d@iN rirtl aiiDrr
counryi tb6l! o thc di&cdry of hvd 6d Th. lid of Hmdic d;6 t !@ but tl*
d@otutid Nor6 0f rfu Drin in th.liG bd. rf,. eor. dd dr vild tsr_tmaiD D€
l@a,n1 dk lsdlots k DGdy bG, dnc. cl@ d 6. hich nNda 3loE .!d in dr
rh. bl n b tln 6 $rmn r'ror TIE l0l*. bur tlEirhs win nor lin dtn Th.
i8ftou !@ hwP.ri l! hovily fm4 ot y\ttll biE & otdv.cMicimDtu
eid rl slt@&d be crtro of @N c rh. Ei@ ,6h; of tt qed fmily,
bcch ita !m EdiE- r0 L.t in dirnlb- pdiclhdy $hich t nmhd if
At d. @tu oo tll. ftrA h..qd Ai.r rd nouEi':6 'l@us
Ep fd fu. OdF*i* th.
Kul:.. r& nd p.s thFqh sh r fo@ ilw b r ouilo.a. 3itr. bgs ud sole6 *il
ehd rtt. ddi.ed h c_aodl|rE h@- *rl sh@ .nd ldl qfle ed tloclG*d d-
i@ no|elic dbk b6 for scl! ir S@i lff 8u;ding by m o! ss eirl ride
dt of d& Eidr diL. uD b.vdd 6, rnd r uhbd of f.mci.E.tod. 'lm
Lwl oI bdh; or. n*E oine lid &* l* It b in tltis driMnr ;ticfi nav.
te c of Fn si*, cq;nlh io dr to@ chacd bni linh sire Rmd 'lN dd .m
m sinilt ;oiL h $! oiJdl. or c,E,o. ..diA dDq thr dE Eibrl ch6 h!e. $-
wt'itc dr;ar6 o, SluL e foEE whn , vjv.d util rh. Ddtr &q r.!ini@ r tE
rhc of Mrl-i A. !h. Dftt MotrdEid b rh. g!4. dd cds slrici ;rry ihm-bccL 6
$uth G form. ii.rt witl' dr dif.!@ rbt IM fu!. alr |ud lmi!, tfi. cliE*q
@, ODlv in . f.r .hc lodr of t[. Dri! thr gdSn€tudl pciii@ rsy lron brin
do tfi. psE d.rS! 16.r dl. N lid., O€ lr]@ of hvd ,rd bih.ir it or6im b
ir dE dlt.mqbcd z@ @ d. d @ ndn ilc l;d 106 ol ch@n
fndi noE b..ch rd Did. dd .rh, bed- dr ol r[. '|mEis
nd n@ion md iohEd Fliod
L.f !Fci6 sch r .ld ud dIE Er.s, eni| or EooF, lt b r @; rdus .@ @mD;bk
ctTd6 h1E bd plrnFil in Mdhm c@ to th. Cr|lgs Dd dE ;ffi }|i lrun
mhq th. Apprhcliru, sd dE @{b,
 TECHNOLOGYAND OCCUPANON:
TIIE ECONOMICSOF AN ISOI,ATEDSOCI TY
r IABERI,aNDT. Erm N(E. 6d inturiaF v.F Ecord.d b.sr Po-
.r1 dn$ hdE wdM kd".dv;d do drim @fu ud Hi dib.*n frm dr
En rhdr rhc mEri.l caluc A thc -Gt.s Albani.ir sid. of dr ho.dd-
n li is not nw iMtion b &Dli- Th. 20 oth6 oDbidh ir Alhoiu-
ee 'fuiGE.l
d$ir vorl. Wrft I hw. b sy .biut en@l|d Ghd uibdl 'm @riw, Sit@ @c
achnoloN in 6is Dbe is uitu 1or tu rBm dE le; Ddar 6mi or ai! Dibh
putps.-6nly, to .l@i&E !h. pobhn of (Dibn . Mrdf,. b rh( Albania D.b; b r[.
illllu H.iis r nonid Alhri4 lift of s.rhs) in Ya6hei( phich (jdiE r nirad
:U w ah.Udditu tl'e dthsrm.dic !d6 poDui'lon oT Atbuiu, Sqb( ud fs
i6.U, 3ine rlEi is .IE e@. oi N infm- 'rult oID M . Ssbid{sLie '
M6kd
dd d th. ch.g ph{09'p.169 rD, Tt. frd ih. .li6 di,r of (* vhi.rl fols
pd of di. dibr of Llmr hii bm by .lio
d,o@aic fd ob$wti@l lj.lrli'c tlE t td.d dl. bordd. Arotlu wa a Andiu
toldvi@ i.fomrid for acn subid, si.l froh rh. llm of l*@ Two oth.6 @?
rmbd,-q dr.q phc nEsund, :E ribq froh idid. Gf,.snir bni mid. rt. Eihd
,.trA. &th.d3 mfi _bnodr*! omi nMb.i qTbrt-fm rsj. rftr Erbe!, cI.c
or vie6 b.lmi'ns t{n.i, tr-mh; or chil-
drd or .:.,h sd od wir., ompeiio'\ o6e Ti6. 20 ve rl 6l:i.@tion iD
d Mla eligi@ &ishiD *1th oi[{ n.db6 niEm6 Th.E 'lE M ro olds i@don !l.
of si6. r;d phobg;phic r.d rd fm. dl;n, I .*or.d * ot d.n-sq d,-
thii Fftolt imi@id hrd h.d m -d .fd
Wc Ddnrd 1102pffi. Of t[6q I0t3 m ain !did. all oil ri.( qEE sEcidiG in
w rih@h bodl of vhc Fla6 h:d !m. Lind of i.ch.olw. Theqfi thr *!dv
@c flm dk r0. aih. s Ar $bid or th. d.b d omDrddB eiRn ii d Ebdi-
Elch EulEd t@ i!@ib.r ffii6 tis * s dih'E tn.-ed situriod of
:rnrty-ths oth6 mid b hc @;.d
f.i Nirc vE sm of lts fzihd rd PG ln id-ei6 of llot nd ,6 ocduriG
dri@ aoti6, 4 w PodriM D.r. T!6. t@ lil6d. :ft* n.t' b. gldtrd]nb 7
rr sd [vi@ in IIa Elrl Eibry. d rh.
Y@chv dd.-of rhe bdrdd- P.drn;1is m pol! ddq Doldol dd Fli{ioE Tkir dn-
ofir. Albdj ti66 lieEd m tn Dhin of i'iburior Mirn8 dl. t0 dibdrnd 44 "orh!'J
K6ow, *doll in Y{g6l.i Mi6iy. No
 Xdti@ Of th. 910 lm s lis4 926 P6tnlDir hs @M rpidlY brec tb. inb'
re fdce l rh.Dncd! m c sa{icr@. n*i@,] bou&ry ffi;ris,m or rol j cut od
Th. Mddd;d hA m;b.D[dd @ r@ ihc Dibn nll]Mir.rts fm th.n mturil
Llln th. othd tb.Df,dd I'om MirdiE Dul.c bm oI Biq DibE Hdc. noy oi
friqfi-tv. er 6t 'of sll bbbimG of in BiEDibe IM nov.d b !6hIoE Phich
G[ai'i! Dinr.d c ftrna3, s Fr @r or is rN-iNd. dbrn. lj the sme qiy Pria..
rn Eibdo. *s dt oC fton th. Llm @Dle who bdlr
Pr,..{itt: T$dft omstjN r' ed up Ko!6r J:Ion irom the MiIi! c l.kord!
udd Dn.;m, chrorr bnnB, bi,crsnitl! ni4 who ilro e o Xule On dr vdrcm
dnf,$. @i.c, sddls, b'trn Eilu sd. no lmf, diinbtr. ha nld Dhcs Sd-
.ho.nE!er. biehrr, br!d, coo\ rd Pcry .i4 16I\ md xnF Ne. s roi crtui6
Fati tr. s rur.r toffi ic ft mMM
Th. 2 chdco bljffi, n\. sit[, dd thc
4ru wd Mndn6, ft.ir odlaiim Sai,.r: Or y 12 nm m libd udd
.wicd"
e nuruIy d.Ddd@L Ai r rui. tm good5 Tvo of dE! d imh.p.$, Oe
r mFrDA, u4 disEibd.d hY n lchdB ir & r Ptrb @ hN ar Rrtr hn uEe. Dlrc..
rh. @ir. Ar. hddl e.kLd, billhools, md Thc oiher n d ocids, rxdi! nla ,th@
odtd oo& oI feiliu k@ AgE shlPs G
DFd@d by mfM in n\. I'JBg m6' s@iru. in inr*eDins. dd id thc h(vi&y of
iuch { scuiti fd the noubin Bde Minor OmflD Doq michi b. foud rI 6E dE
m.Enqv t 6urXY d;rd oi bY ClFia Tuknh EhDie includi@ Ari me
Irr 6ihcr @iili5E I'x bo ! difd.nt 6rti.ir mrrr_in Kflja dI do ror^4i.or,
mk with ih.
cle Nd. @ nouhjn nd\ dccPt d. popul.tios in the ftCi.tu i" vhich th.y do fEc
ool sd m b.lcr, 6od.|uriv6 of M.ti, Pho
wo &i in rh. n w pEf.l@ hddqetr
6bblirh.d d BeU iithjn Mni tcfiiiorv, bv Koplil m4 vbG shop m prumrbly in
xi.S %g. Th.y vft thm hc]u of d'. sfliri. s Lw na 6d a Mriii: r lrloeE;
nnIG oI ih. Ee Fd sorMrir od h. m4 vilh 3hoE itr Ktrl!8, Th. hdrbd M .
m;Min hbs N.,ths of if,s. nh h:d M ir . l:Loia n q ulids in XuLB. Of
!h. z wiRB o. v5 r lmrl lrn *Fi@ th.
Jh. d&;nith, ih. eddl.i, Dd dk hm.r lsdffi i. ih.n dffi :i ftrla ih. otfid r
w.F dtie6 of P6hkoPq th. P-inciPrrl.h Bis Dibd nen eoriinc in rhc hoEl in Psh-
of D$e Of rfi. , Enou id !b!i dva orc kopia : ns iJrd d;. Of rhc I liftd s
M a uiivq m hld €d. from tig DbD, $m6,.Ifte loeL ole svld rb. pEf.4
{d dE thid from Jrl@ Th.bs.bd, da dd .norhd dr h.chd ir tlr lw govo-
of th. 2 h&.q rd rh. oot in n nt cdd;d Bur.t- Th. dnd vnlcd for
?6hltru wE aiz Djbm M 'Nd fi. P$EY
coo[ ;orlad i! xitei in l-s:. Thit l.ic OI rh. tl !.rrc" lFin6.I6 bc re
ll hdi6 r1r* lln,I d. tlm C@1j ffEd fd s , Gd! oJ-dn politisl
rnil ieiohborE v L!6 in tra vilhin wlk'
inr d;tr. of-P&l;. Bdriig is their uadi- rr,r$d: Tropofrtion n Gheni. in
adnrl hd.dw odo:dc Thry ffd then r9r9 nerdr bu! d. rhine rh. wicd dl
nou flm dr tmbjlls ol P;d ,nd $[ Ar,str, ttos. im.diht i6wh hoFdrft.s
!h.ir bEd in t64 ci*. Mrnv of tl'd. IIdt wbo vould E*. ,u .nd yN grods my.-
b,I6 miEnE b dinint ciia to tud.. Mi
Anihmv SEla oE sid., &ld d dtloF me yotr vd; n drt ndry. ThF oor of 4
ot th. U, S. sm D.iEtrdr b.gr tif. 6 ffc from DibB md on. fm Md!i. .
oi. of rf,6e b.L.ft 6 i boy h. gut b s_ J.kove. Ar fd s I h1@, ,I iirqi', Iik. !I
cinnrti6wodrn' brk ry.
Ii d h.3d th4 virfiit Gh.g Eihrl d- 7rrl4 AI ndidu in rlE nomEin co!n-
;bd otGire ccho4G 4 Pnced 44shoDL..ffi,dEFetuUE. qcor
rln;r;rcl6i(li in tfie ieh borierlrndr p|:i cotr;Eirl in;mioE ot tE rl ,hoF
 PREFACE
'TattE d'E m ah,.h ttu sody is ba.d
'f vd. ftft4d in ndh.m Alb,trb du-
rhe hil umd. $d spring or Jeralo.
'os 9ft @vid.d by dr NnioDrl R6dh
FMdi
Comil of Wshhdo. D C., dd Mn
FftDc Drckl sm't[ of Colondo Spdng\
Nltioml R*rch CNc4 who$ Fdlov I
!!5 p:id ny ebry for dr y.r, n qeu s the
dpffis of sBiinisl rmltrt sd rPiog. On
Apil7, rol), th. r@ns pcrnad o th.
Nrdorol Rc.mh Coond, rhjch :ppro,.d
ir It wa alsosubnind tq and rpprcv.d by,
dr. rh.n Albdim qoEmnar, O$inq to .
Dnmbdof rcr6 DiubLolonpd poqonedi
wiib ih. @doN_h.lo df r Emi froi:n th?
lvnM F;d sndJ, Hl clsk 8_!quaroi Hu
v{d u.iy€niiy, ind of rorid lon th. \'l}-
ino Fud. I vi6 rbl. o dDlov rd e6Enr
r-rds to h.lp ne $idi r'(mpkE E
vnion. ahI wisim h nov 6nbhed.
Thc pc6dn.l of ihc r9r9-Jo dp.nition in-
crnd.4 b6id. mrsr, ME. Sbnl.y S.ldcn
(th!n Ma Coon)r Mr F&ddcl E i,l*
wnll nov r U. S FoEiEn SeFic! Oficdt
M.. Anthmy Sd.s, B finbd of tn. U, S
ComhE sirtr { Tlmr: dd Mi sbvE
Fush{i Wc v.n lzcniEted in our vork by
ci,rCld':SriB ir rh.-U._S l€gRtim in
U. s' Minitu 6 Y@shrir: Mi, Prul d.Mile
th6 U. S. Cosul i Tinr4 rd i{r, J@ph
Sl'ntrck ! Irmbs of hii sf. Ms. I(tta
RDI Fico, ed Xh.li Frshdi, of itu .nE
vhile Alho6 Ad.nh.nr, llt Endded u
ri4 s did d'. Bftjsh oncB in ch:rgc of th.
absin e.nd'nBi.. inchdins G.drl
Pmy. rnd Colon.ls SdrlinR irlEn\ rd
Gl.Bg. .FLd ir nor ben fd th.n gd&m6
v. tugnr nor h:v. $cc..d.d.
Duinq ih. dbv y.f whjch h:v!.hF.d
sc. ttui i()nry I hrve reiv.d hdD flm
nmy qurlM. Atu !6.qbL Mis M. X-
Dul2ri wmr o. wblbL dvi.. dd infor
oetion, ME, M.lgr.i r]dlucl{, .n rthoriry
od ihi.gs Albmid. did dir $nq rnd dorinA
Wodd Wr II. I lud th. DL,su oI €nf.ring
s'ii btr *v.r:i drc ii Cro sd dEwini
on hd *lminslv |nnid6 fud of infom*ion,
Th. hnl i.;od oI rviio! {s ndtcd
by ih. F.du h.lp o(. nlnbq oi Albsnhd
rri.nd5-r Amms.-BbhoD !m Nolj ft'd rh.
nnr.nd .igbth sctios od ftd. ody col
ncioGt hc rl.o helpd *fth n* i.fomrtid
t]n byd rnd rbh h.lp.i Mr. Gdim tuirity,
h* .1w.8 b6 rady @ @tu @ mv Nin-
lrca In the Ek ot indnnq Ts!.5 of so
8.n.dtioN in rh. Bcroo n.Ehbodoo4 MJ.
Peiry q ioind by mt old frimd Mi
ter Ptud d IG f.ths. Mi Dniri
Ptuo4 bod ol Sondinq Mechlls,
4d br mmy oths, Mr Sbno Sk ndi of
N€v YorL giv. n. irton.tion ,nd dvie m
Drid d€ H:rpoE ul Dr, Witlim lqghE,
Jis mddonrd. fo6, lrrnhl Dici dii th.
cdohdre Dd Mirc duiru tnt hc Biod.
s M6 c;M#w;odbut did @ly vo
d.crd6 trlirt ny wiL, Li51D. Cooq dr*
the m:6 rnd 6ruix. Dr. Smlry Gh hdo€d
m. ua.Mnithe mchrnic ;I bidnq. ;d
Di lti iD J. Gdna 6 dw)a, gire m
 Id.D.s mffi4 rs wa itr r6riroDir Of @1. rI of d* imshhdb dr of dd. irca
tusq I *r too!, &d t aiE Dib; i'mi n t uiiL.ly .h1rtla tul rdnhA lik .n @
cfl6 Sr sh@b.Dd wE- n.{&.d D in Midie do muh @ thd
kdcs, :u l,hLsd . fi.ovi! D.nr ? ir Bjei. I ']l@Ed
hoEhcira No on in Alhmir H n,I.
ttr, ril4q wG 106l Oe Mrrla . jl sEd imDLiots, Nor o.lv $. mrbrid. htr
lo€s nn 9s @d h hi, oM sl'd in th. finnlr.d nDplds t6.rs.lvs, D;t b.
Kols.q loel iM, Thc 2J oft or ih: t npotud,:!d hioe ih.y n dp.niv., Th*
' 6.
,hopl€.p.s fm dr .r!h hor.l.r- n vhysw rod.n{6 k ffain dr m6-
&rili from bir toB or r[eir mipb]orlbod. DiB, whd :j,n6t rh. only Gl Fols s.n
Tn! situdm i r[. sfi. d rith th; cifshd
:r 6ta_srtn fd 3hlpdiig non dls dd
' Foilhopter;Bamir: z cfrmMdsir ThL dllu ih. qimirie. uM ol ch@
. Mdhq ift ittft tG si@ in S.n@i rl'. *EdsdLi@. Md wood.. obid vhicE
. .orlEr rt hom. oi ih. odri z, d. ir r tool rquiE q€a;]bo,! or rl{ r! r b;@hr h th.
,idtu12,6.othdrloslinMndid Tll.Mir, tu;Ler @m, Hft I Linds of sodedllro
di! m4 tr6o hs tn. only shopitr dBt htq spdirti!6 qEy 6 tbdr cEf6: ih. eopdi
.Lin.d ti{ hi, frtfi* Ri d ltEUiD o6s llljrm, ,nd ioin.E. :rhc @oFa nrte dbs
.eno b.p{ hiD dui@ Wodd W& l, thi! rnd brcl.6 for liEhd 6.. rcltrdi@ drtu.
tuld Blv. him i nfi-mun pciiblc lgt of r+ b@ tuliE, ud esk rd mi@ d-rh lha
.trs * rhr dne of me:trins. H. a5 * ndid or rich the m n:dt E ;.r tud.
Th. Mn tub oui on hi3 bth. drioc rc
tor lootr, b br $ uD l4{: bobbi4. smts.
'. TEcENoLocr,a p,EvtEw nd.q windq.nd !n!ot fm6. Th. iiim
Fim th( fokeoinc a0dv of dR no!- proviit rh! Doubir;m vitf, $lid, dturdy
e@loercd d:d_ou;ccd ; ou $ri.\ rnd dentd ch* of pi@ *m4 s k! ;
t'm whn n m.nlly lTom oI rh. mEirl ddl6 ir vhic! 6 @y i[.ir b|bi6. of
.rlM or rh; Ghr6, k 6 mk ! bri.f whici nd. hbr
Itrbbrry, k .p- g in mjnd dm)T or mritr :fte Chq .t honc in fiis emdiB ir .
turP6.i b d.tu o. .cd@mK tu6 E jrd-ofr!-drd6. rlc my ror 6..bL b
,g!1. c'iMd sjMtion witl'itr which dE Gnes tfuufrcM tA. lrlcid d,i.6 lii.it abM.
bur hc cm &!zr our b.m for hi5 ici ptrr
llr ctrEiE bot5 E of ircn. Tt.v renud.be og.thd r bw Plough dairlg rfit w'rEr
,bLcr6hi-tb m dr Mk.r @Mi h wNch d; motu whh rhs. i5lirL ror* our of dooq
do 6.i( 6dine ln Sdri. fd ff- or build m ol his t6ive chdn. !rcfNiotul
-Fh6 &G is r Pholt q;rd ddo (:@n6
;rjq to srirk, rR 8.. somen.n D*
)Ird if M of vhon * Pwi6 w'fth 'id\ourh
slDFnd.jJlj|l-thi'fi--dh..
il'ms bd @q . srn Mvil. rild r Fi. ot L Gh.oh. 6 in nG of dr! Dlinitire
Se.pup
rtPn.PMP brlGs tuy
o.troq d€y roJg.
foJs. rdy
rrny ddlofd rd
rha krld lddvn @ dd&polqs, ir is rh. c
r1EQd olt.d n..d.d bv rlE nolioi@ in bm nor 6 l€r tud g. o'jq foi ir ir hld b ffi
ir6.n fsini,., hddine'll:nxl@ rnd ho6F rtuvoc, Sotutind r hoN.iold.r wiu Mlt
{lbld orps;/. fitnd{r ;dl dvih.ho- wml niles @ borow r Etoains @rLf6m r
ui&, qs, d,q hh6 Dloushshd, neisbbor. h 1929{d 19r-0noi;f rh! ch!6
i hq @th.d sicu6 bilnooL! b@ w.E nrld4 tu with dint {d n.d or sr-th
dou hirg6, hoshoa h@ hobbl6 old-I6hid.-d dry-eicL ti{ht d Ths did din
r'i bit, fEM6. mdnm. Eieoda [.hts llvlv. rnd id niv Dl*ie ..lv whd drv
nclE, rod prc5$ly orfi{ dict6 e6ich Mb..o;,;*"h
xF..i'*;;;,i;-; r- rio*;.. Kip zoi
-"ld $ld tlr n,Eh nonopoly o rn. S+dsn
hd
fr rrkr Gno 5m.lii@n d. n ichborhod or Dfth l@ which hi t oilDrly !d I dic.
ire5@i. Th.
*F5@i. Th. non
non w'i,,ch
w'i'ch d,.
d'. sdids
sniirlsc i! .rr
.ll or t eoE a bd on @i, Mr;ll;s. Th.lie
(iry bh.-kni s d
l!E3P;cd. arihough hd r the sm dhi Profiibikd tfi. R of 6fli
. :FuH'brbdr( Nqr'1 d EiG. ft k F
.flor or di i! o e r@d n Hrebdq ur, p. {
 .nd sel d 0.h6, Thir Lft tft. nombiF nonly u&d tho 4 9tri 1]r shilt ftd
6 jn d s.ivnbb Fiiid-.lq @td not wh.ir 6 nrt s niDt. cdn rhdiv.d ti.
nrmh6 M Li.!v ff 6i6 bv orhd
'trord
m.G ouEd. tfi. ;r!rr tM. h;w.vd.
thlir ila.l dioa Eed Thc iddios ot Dct hoa6 dr arib h&.
sd.nl rs[did'6 'uoded
Fric!&dy Nota with do @c on rh. h(m DIEI don, $d
hrc.ddd.d lll.furt;6 qrh D;fth Afbr- liftle dmriiim oD dE wlt. ln ft. .ldd
i$ hos. ryF. Tn* e u$.!y dividc4 m hlrls 16r.Dlae cd6 .bdt r0 !i|le t€r
th. h6it df Elrud plq mm rlfugddq oi de! &q ud tlk molc 6nd' i6wv od
tlK@h rh. rhrch d od dl6, In b doir!.
siDol! or+ftdld hud @rlte ahDld.d in n cu; frrG hus r I trh rho,. rh. 6;
ft'ffi dnv bv 5h.;h.rdi :r hiih ;mu- pMiculrdy in Orf,olic hoE vhc pork i!
bin p.!@r im'm.d. oMori; hoEi
Ti. nEodldid of th. k/k bdcht with
rf,.6nnyr tlE ${Ld vlddr hoB€. sth n enc dsric uchiMrd imvrti;s. Th.
. v@d.ir f@t D@h 6a mlula mini- Arlz is Labri.d ql& 6s.i buit ri.h dc
d of rh. Ilm;ric hrl; .dd fnrUy ih! k r, pupo* in mind-d.lnc N@r 6r& r hish
d d.f6ibh soEhold (6e 3, ,). a@.buon b.da rhe ruidiD.! or }!lar_in
T'E r omcd idF. 66 s hr h*k nr ol!96 ,;r'lJ, ed thtr ot datfi
.5. nouDiE, ,ldioqh hiuictly ih. nm 'lifrGnt
by vtoLlc. Tb.'rdlows noor of thc tsdr! it
cmpLehd tudnr; h2r mdi tb* .ni- fir th. shder of dir.ls. Ti. $cdd dd
fi6'w. Th. ltfu& hous., :lth.ogh old tfiird ffi fd hrbi*ior, Oe dmr o@ inb
in dE M.dikru.4 q* rDFdly ba to th. ebl. b.low, : !on4 D : fiqbi of b@
rh dn at@ e. b.i@ li'iad Pitl' Ltn. n pa b di. rjviry qu,fu. -
T1. A!U,, or;Eupriold, i;d b hs. con With r nultisi.d stu. en ihiq
r rh. s:m iin. c tr v.nndl hdE. ldn hrd b b. don. :bN mok. H.G 6@tr;
ft&h.d IGtuti ud shrh.hd rstq b.ing qm bulr oc rb.v. $. orfid, rd t bEh
idrndrc.d hy m rm {ho bd liv.d in .himn y .6und dnfr Otu of d* Fi.citrr
mbld vidr rhe oldjf,llion.d hm; qs ih
For 6dldirg fti.li,t th. Gies ft sEicdy Lct of r biLr. :flE fdairy Gha, rE ndja
lihiEd o loal hppli6, siG Frsp@ii@ tlk nmds of .dE in a co; fidtor r rG;
i5e di6cDll l. diJrntd d6imbd;n 6!u nomirs md. d defldr @d b hb .F
, s !4ni& NzhI;4' ttu'M. ii hii b .ni6 ridins in Mbuh, md th: f &l codc
or, $dlmied-fd 6ft o'ry seDt i! m@imd Do sMnq nnd i. oud,v rhn
th. hdri! oI @.6 F!th.mi&, lnru is a.t shol Tbi*//r:bdld.s thoefoE m-
fond in fs DLG otrly, rd h G NrUy in- s@Ed m ovdhogirg mclo6.d b.lcony of
Dcibl. 0 ruh mou wid@t EdioB ftMDry, b !.d. d "w' c'" Ir th. co.lid

j iriE *ith Bck-hlr]s d donus,'

Eiim nhi.f
with {led
'llry In thi.
ih. hos6 d nd. or sood,
l@ Lid m 4h dh.r rnd hdd
6.r@ rdiEtion md $f.ry, lrfcty ID,
Tl. dnn lob is nrd. @olk.n to w.ni
pd sh.ts fbn h.ld. Sirc. ttur. r fs
Dld bv v.toal r diaonn @i.c, virdo* md
virdo4 md rle
r[& r. bun!
hrilt mr
tue td @pLe
ff.he
'n
Otlirs a md. of qnr.: vdiel pol; ,id. rhr rd lisht o utild4 r tu'i! dnlr
by !id., viri idibL *tr& wFn in dd dr suly tuh6 @ rh. dEin hol.. Dou bdd
b.lw ihm At tim* lnis wrlirE ir b4. in r IiaD ariroi th. erl .n d@ rcM!-
bur llRuy n b 6hrd wi.i @; sd of hG, ud dE it nd for dk I'altlv nolftid
dnnra rd rtu hsdihond of ih. nlfr&in-
ltift ihm t er.iry of dDbl. !6n. dd .6, .piddis vould b. @ou tl'd dry
lih.. rh6. ndiils ;. cd. Ttu simrt.r,
pooE hoEd ft ol dly rd@ry, btritlr. Gh.g hosd hr. boii r trid rd r d*
nriodry gre bdr wftn nod. Rd6ne nt donic inplidtid, Th.y R @dlv I.e
Bi:l v;ri6 tron th,rh E ,hrL6 ,lit;, ,rd {snih.d:E s .n;nd.d r6iri:ndiG
dl., Y.s rgo d'fth ys rmi nc @- "id
rinrL Scfting fo. d!f.q dry Ef,!€ rlr
 ll
:1
tr@.n s[|B d !i qtr rnd dioldv
bv rhl d6ih i[ h,ir tuIi@'ff rls ;
nimds l loiidd hld Eh.{ihn dr6lold
of dtsimiDdo4 r DtiE tuid tith
good .raight otrld idmrit] r sMge a f&

b@ d EI 6. trd.. of r s or rimLr. d .
. fi.lL-htrndnq ad6 $. s[il of pofs CEre Tbis hrbir ot wanrs_Nrr nsiCd
{idrli rh eo.e4 fd .ff!!lY
Atl tu;6_rh(
E in nod. 6ai,trc rd di'ftys Th. Din i flimd dI hb'ldilv rd urii?_.
-tsr b. NFly rll4i rd ndL to rt;w. Dhq dd dadi lli ddiE b h. idddfd
UXlk Ni lnirht of r[. v,lk @iE €trold- i ?€tu rlm tG f{ of d!.tl,, H. do6 rd
jl,g. -Nop6i sts d* dry_E bdr by go_fr lr.m h@. !r 6 his risim n r sios
lntuMr o6od md ttut in rttr3 tuy N
X*@ aaornd 660mws (ll0-l6i dol- Thc ddt cffir ffi sith . bri'16
db-). I 6ld s!.nr dN {h6 I rt d r.lr ep (trdrcldrrr, .ithd djcd or d.t
aAlt dk '5
ldra mE bdlr by n56 lm Di- m to!: of@ hr w r lrdchel ,rtmd it
bat vho rk build thm in Motu.'l.@ lite tuba d n ctclorn. Tb. upDd
idil ,rd d,Nh@ i" Yo&j,"i". rqdlv M ''thh
of hir bodv n; cmEd virh . eoll.n
ir,-. i" nib-.r,* ri.m I do ircLt, with sl;B dd s@ l|nd of con{
--*"-.h.
d ldow. I hlEn E|q@{qdk, nor oft n silGtrshid, 'Ar a rde h. is rhinle
Fffi wi$ b.r .l! h. w.d r pan of vol.n
bR.ch< oinrlv sLiFtiel* ot th. le td
wrh r ilEh! tutliB in di. sar n ffi-@ic
h n6 ol th. iion rhd k pLmty which Eald rh! ;nnuac or dt TriLilh
6r.poo4 bm c +. m+m !_r€Sy_pd.c-Ir. gc wirh@t md.rdt:fu,
d ir is ff. '!nG9m
.nd lfu b. $!Str
'fr
nlrlfriqffi_.n 1 nid. sp.E_dh !'y Ls srircod E; N.!v MB sm! Ilnld or
lordt of 6Md diM b thc vid. crllmdbm4 or hili His f.* e shod
in oDi.G or h*hidr bulda t[. ffio
9l€, FTd-c bdt Ircos 1e10q Einjdr fdn of Einitii Em@ fo.iqd foud d or y
-itr@!loy.{L Wtm it gtw
don sa m'll n rh. Bdkd rir h Rd;ir rdorr od ori&
th. td eotrld liy r nmbd ot pr plrcd vhd hdiiid ir tug tutgn md
\ *rcal Ld rcl\ trns'ng lm shc apsi,. oough @ pBff tbir fcj.dr
, tuf. Dd lisnt ind. Tn on in th. v.od h md d t s h e le
dil rrdid;doleh light 6 s by, b[t Gh.6 qft Rri# dd oI rumbiL iE
dv muh fd @dbi In othd hoq in DLe of oDin6-,i!d ir 6F m. r ff o
E"ir( d';y *.d sdl; dd h""1-h* *i r IEh ;d-on ol co-dffi or i ichdin
lrnF l(dcrn. h{ brs prckd inb rhn tncL.n e moudin pai['t8 inch6 vid.,
j! lqoE tArnd tiB ld em ti'rc At rh. rr* rim. .!. *slrhi.r wa xdiE
tr;dih.ft.tGrsn(hsE hi @m roulcEed shc,
Boif, lIE bd wlnd we 3b!im lTit
.lothi@ha Eir.d .rune tu- bydrvmn *hich bd th. funny f4' d
'rhm 6.n IENi@. TL. 6l@ ft cldlv 6. S@ttisltl:@. l IEv. l4
k. dd mk 6n @ll.dilB Th.t nd lo*d. Plb l$d mg ahc rlan's 'mt
ion 6X. b tibe drll b rdidl, ud drB !di6 lM pbd b pLc., 6ur i5biiciuy
'i@E s bllen vil.gs. AJE !n r conbimrid oar fDI t;[-lil6 lkie @ind-
of drd orc! th. DdmEiE I w rbL irs d. oi . c@ zodlt s's losB srJtnt,
'tI*fiRrm$emfrmbruyijls n;bou.d be . fulil{lu or bodie Add to
nlh. ft of hie jrclac rh. c.lo' of hi rhc. h.rdcl'jrh or.hrvL od nDch i.*lrv.
*hich ir bouqhrlm dl?.mitls in th. toE Iu€: d c€\ shich lift op . hary sood..
hllrjlu sd l.t it dr@ 4 dba rd .(h tb
Th* cGMd f udoubdrY lNidi rudn Tm sggdid s ol cogs rnd 2
56. ot ih.ir .l.mdE my be hed b{r to tuF 81v..d. .h6 1 cmEnt P@049
thc.rlv Medit r@ otis b ft cmd
EmE; lmi Aed Holffi, th. Gh.sr No_otu sffi b rnor vio nv.ned rhs
th.tu.lG do nd n:1. rI rE of r[.'a but oils o. vho r.16 rf,d, Wh@ yotr m-
c!ry d tlc edition bY'd.Ed4 i&. the coubnrm dong r s@, tky sa NrJy
ar.i' Indis for wh@ Se6otr bs, fo! d.c
ad* b..n dduf:ctuie t lF.ctd kind of hlL wd hE cloth:'hm ii ovd to hd bBbrn4
Ti. b*ic cloth is imr' { hma ftc pho el6 ir to rhc niu b b. fuld, Tb.n i'
fmE !tr6 hi5 sJe th. ll..6dY lml km e erof6iond f!I4. .d aci nill $.s to
hn ehd;. bon\ whi( md bhcL Sh. csds n b.l6ng io ih. gmp of lilmd or n.i8hbc
wirh r homndd. d.vic., .ith.r I nid. bd
dr nd{rudd.d @4 rd tPis n Hq sir' The wom6 tu& tncn lm cbrhie, ld
ni@ Lir cds of r disafi, r rpi.dq md . ih! no* Dd of ufuI.d croth. Th.i rto
bald, Holdi'P n\. diEtr in om h.nd' dr dochd rii $o&iDgr, ,nd $iEh rho opirg:5
sis thl vooiv'th ft otfiE dd wind! it Fon bybon\ s6, Th.nd\ho@, o-y
oDto th. lDindL in d. b4rkat wb.nr@ ft thc fu[.d od hedy fdrd cloth b th.
h6 norhinircls. to do. d wh.d shr i! Fr]ling nr.t4 tlru ro r Eilor vho ihd Nu ir i'
dor. rh.?r4 th. AlbDLd howif. dtrti rf,. ldiiionn {i6iF of lG clidt$diE
inlt:Di6, ud hd si@ ba sootrb.otu phq md str up At pi6 dd.nhroid$
r Rd:;oa liL. UnEing or b.'d_R|ln's
Wi.n ehr h8 mowh qool * b.g:E A :rmbd- of oih.r !D.d,lis r imlv.d
mdi.4 Th. A]bdirn l@ B m ofuiry th. Drodu6on oI mdt clorhie dd .quiF
'n Dneid6 th. qu;-
Emo;n 2-b.U .fi"n, sinil$ @ thrc s.d n.nl A s6irl crdm
id di H€hd& :nd tfi. K.mcry donbiE titra of b'id mth qbch i(k r dd doltrg!
It hs , $ ood€Dfr@ ) b€m or ou6 oc & .dd.d, Hrtu,.qoipD.d rith woottc!
eftn vhi.h rh. moldr b tui tr.ry ,ei.ddn of 6ibrl bq
vdda.n brftn. rnd 1 fod-oe.EEd hcitdL. sh.!c 6\c f.li o}1 oniel or @ot4
_lhc v6E or bhcl. .I romEiM i@.
hohbh wiibid is !hrtd., is nod-i[rom
Th! Ilm b;v rI of ib. d€Uerc Pd of tln Ir{hd-worl€s, 'hich
vho r Er<tidonrlly Tq}r
lmm in rhr ioq from (m.8 -lht Et of nrle odsE brl6 ld ii. @ d *tI 6
ft rh.v nrk d h.ne. Th. lmm i! laP. eddld, has ,nd tuF. Spdi,i lhoffikd
nom;d onrv slnr , l@d oI crodr i! b'ing nd.. fd@ fd !h6. qlo d t6ord iq
dov.n. wh;. nor b 6a thr lod L ELd dtf,o@h liosr Re th. oDinF tr4tich rhei.
rDd.nd piLd in I comd vith oth.r hN. wiB;i.dua lrom loqL ftid6, Mon of th.
sho.niaE e Kruis na, :nd this it r K{ir
one't[. cloth hs bed v@ n ritrst, if sFcidw. At K&6 v. sd z.bs iid.s on
inbd.d ia jjjdnliE s., b. fu!.d This &Dhv Nrid. sr.r,l !ios. Th6. hrd b*.
involK l.o@ ii *t, mlkinr ir abo!' :nd uii fu ih. MJ flm $rth AIri6 for tftr
bomdint it foald.ftI houu Thc ndnbin_
:d d;loe rn iErnioc *u-Do..d.d d+ A. pEviouly Ad, tooda tu&.6 rE
ue f; tiis Ddsa s.v.rJ ;irE hrve nrd. trr orol&i@:r cooEn in ll)w rd
oblftd the miils: Nop6, hr dBM dc! Drchdd bv rht nombir p.opq who d.
I sv iad.l. Tl'! tuIig niU c@i* of o ih.m d{i;nq rnd for lood tune.. SjLG
oF{ir @d.n !frtu P4.Ed bY r uoqcq. ric ]ocrl pftduc; ihi cooEy
oi€dhdr wtu qh.eL A sEIe s{m ot ForL ofln bna iid to bd ior el.,
wkr tu thmeh . l@h @ P.r th? cloth. Sdiral vin4s id soeri sp.cirlia i!
Tn. vheclBfi ; md&dvini fN Pdod@ badrFml'i.g, and ti. vM, wno waE

.NoPq. 14 p.!1, fr. q.

 5@ bdq rld o d@ *ith aF rd gDfcgm*Egi I poEN rn Mq
i;iitdEy, Tte imndc 'rlcr M o"Iv d@ stuch 6.y ciDE h'uta Hmsic fahid
!.16 0d 6ed.eryirs b6h;. blft d,; Th. Mcl.ft, pbni6lEd bv d. I(om
rr@ qin. &iolini. mbt ih;nrtv6 wi6
!d-.rrry oia @ h! brclqr ho6d M I b.- disrnhd [qu6 I;.v.ry rlghbdhood orc
lirE ibn theDrmid e mde bv Dla
;oin. cod'ile includt ortgM* d iir. (mpLa sth boil* rd cmta *iie.
,tt!ry,
;F"@ry. Ih.
rr. @ppffiirls
@PPmtu io
6 dc1
ech om
om b|c
bs bqb! jn satdi or
4g oui ffi or doihd lM. NejghnoE 6omw dr* *ills
lntn m b. ed for b:ling ch6. dn|il5 rM m. io rimq s Aftrih tmilia bor-
| .8., or fd d ud @6c. *ie row ach otndt ik d frd.F Mu.h of
,I*Oi.qls rlL l.frlls, wF;ug! dd Mh" e d Ei5in b'ndn s uodued it i.n.
Ax of ih* tnins: d. puchsld by '4b, bot : eEi'
didl.dJ roie s @n d ue
liqiE
&,EU@& who.4dtu {quire trom ft ioh. cl6 dL', r uciouti
tRr4toPs chborr?or b G $ sonped, d v{rty of $!nd., i3 impoir.d or f,
lorh crrholG rd mle whrr. q
tlire
! Jre h'ds of Ftry
rd'?s Mtu nnd dd
fnd sv jnto
dar uv ;h i* Mo.l.tr oh ^rtodff ,,s;,r.,x, mrt @brcco
ak.nm6ncfs}oc.lold l. d]. cjdolic rddiG mok dg|q6 The @om6 of
.!gDir, ! lot ffih.E, d. elrlrm siU mr!. c'g&nr noldng i, thft a r n . ec,r nm
F:qon A$ 6{ or snnpbplotrla vi.h gM tu ow bb,cm, snd s.Is vhr h. d6
rcr cmMr. Rr hs b btry dNe Foq.
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 AND WT{YI
THE FAMILY SYSTEM:WHO MARRIESWHOM
THE sthlopotogia 6.LdtE ma boy *m b mdry I lodt lrrl ll:,nwht Sd
'T'o d@ sraenE, sud\ ! c@ m in uoubl€ wnh orhd tod botr Yoog l]m
I fu ih. g ! *h@ thcy s
dnllL-ioti4 G u{rth6n PMon' lm eclftn6
.ka' dry, rnd sy r.c[ng ot dDrrf b yod
inr. Brt rh. sthoPologir i! 6.d b dohg w3 foUortd bY flch r Mgt qgir
nnrsnv vid mlEuots4 Fopr.s' NEg whjah
( n id o r cturzid on To ihe sci0r .dddm th. 6iotr
fu f o;
.cnr bo@hr uF m Emp.d td M@ vo@ nd wlo liv. in m Dl'.. bd gd
i' ir r d..r @ didd. r ll.oiMtbd $ s Dd:bl" od-s s
dbiE ;tu h;id * h,gh t99
"dimtik",rEnm ir oFBiioi mlv xo tu'c *";-i et.""4 -.'l
mi@ rilrt i. "n
dold. Wdm sb
fidRm., in dE lGb duY
*t' oft! illedrlE n.i€hboE voold b. eicid'r'
as d ndv ol m*ri.i cdM d'
rndf@ it ii bei for htfi.s b snng!
ilE Gh€ faniilv, liL. thd of dk ary
iB. or;r rhc'chire of sY P€noq'@_ Bm thd. D.eG sI id rdtuc.' sd b britg in
.coodic i6itlmn om hoGhd( con ms eir! vho hr!. Do lool d6
sil or vivq tu3 s@ Thin sic ld c !t'l'F thrt dr
,ininc of a m4 hn 'rnrS!
druh@ ,nd 5d1cbnda @ did rd ;or[ *ut tli'i rnr bdd. M sht
'"-;i.d 6d lu dis,[€d [d hub.nd. vs slow ro di6 hd-
in s sinqL hoik or group of hde hd notu'
m+ ro€.thd. Th Iffi cmPx- $lI b lieiE sith hi4 d |@cd
ordEit lf hd Prrts li'd cl6'
crEd tald which codfrdt th Eq@ * id-lrv\ il;'f@c
$ch : grouP. but N n@ { hrd 3h! mdd M h(m rd @Pru o
cHtsnnon oI soon hd fzdd rd brorh'r
*tu r re e.nu eba d.BhboriS rb:: [( r.;d
votrld b. m.ldE dbl. fd h.' hEhtu dd
DdnrY b. c.ll.d it Isoldi@ md Poll@
ituffiw 6n{6 A. f(qtr63Y d d'd$n hb rlmilv. Anfvis D.Mn 6 s d'r n is
nDch hlia b bd@ itu bnd. f@ r dilDncc
of dE Binud tdni6 of dk fdnY mdF' dir No
ld qn. of th. Eibq DoEblYDiogia 'F md dH if my ddbL d€ b.t@
hoE.hoLdsn$bd uP to l0 d {r P'sGr kis, th.r will b. d f,r 5?Pdcd 6 @
ih. anbi. vord *6dI' (mfiBty @P) ! ech otnts e,ns v.ry oran
alne a fdi'nv hd fotud rh. h:bn ot gfr-
N.d m dd,@. tf,m
A s divi:mn ot I'bd ddlY
q?d6 tu tirr its vic frcb Mrhd gruP it ' disd
,lft h,bn is ,il.lY b ld
uo* ol rh. vona rrom d* d e qd .'H|fu
-a r
hch nd!3 tfi. othd AhoRfdorsd$ -6, qo m hn vitCs bFrha 6d
viu srY
-frioo"
vm; drwlc for ry dr" dd rh! lhins F
rd ullMi.d mno woold b! ur1'jlll@r' '.dnv rE;!.d. Do'idi4 th{ rh. 6lid nn_
4 wotrldr hoM ompied bt no rm rn'
ldl t fln d6 ri1; hs b-d ;u6fin Tbis Eqni6 td
{ mile nc b. r hrlsnad
hi. ele nN bc 6n.d ii PcibLt ir ! a,(lld
' e6-d ihm bF.idq tnt ie wid' r 'nhrtl
neq qm!6 of DdL, but * th. 5nr d' t
Iai! to bff chiLdm dods md e ronno aimo or c@
sho d, Tbr frnily nG o*in& sd 3mc onoi* it'c i*&"ry
t d b.foE del. if tfie @'s frfllily hd no d.nghEF
e tuY M r I{ Te}q fc -ifCa
hn soa h. d EY tu ndgn@r'
mffiii. ir tlN @doc. bo'< rm om rwibbt qb q o
h.o$ d''Y d not ro kinfon( or $n othdrmiry
znk i6 lds inpodt on l itru
Ixllc4 ,nd h.ae th.Y laR th' hlY ro gft i;r of hn coEift h!rt dr.d
:ft@.ffir' In thi3 PrY ? rhings e'
nrd.d. 'vM
qbd
For 1 numbE ol RrY good @
( s up; ;r do6 mr si{ 1 gtl r4Y
mEidad d6inbL to obsii si!6 ror d'e sm.r3sllr:mofgeiogitrtt@rM'ror
rd lnn. dtbne ln ik fiN Pkq n '
, Tlr dtuDd grc oI dt dF+_! ry .owr
ltd&.1rq!aq. I & @ c d dr E r'
 Epmduaio.j thd n t djth@nblc Dd c
thiojldlc b 6@ by Ln wb.d.. SiE
r[( oorh.r3 toJlr d .o Ehdd ffi M
tutiN. b dra d;ir blillg ft@ ir for _til
@-
ddM rfE st@i@ TtE LM of
Duldgiq rbJdi th. ch.S lrlhd eodd qle
d Dd e (Eioa bs bktr dF .f rhn
T[. doicc of r brid. lor tii @ b 6 bucn
r Folnid prcblm b r ch.E hlrGholds s
ir 9x o r iftl€Err EuEs! t ils in ttE
i Trfu 1, N!6tu d WE MNb * F^r@ d sGr4rg N Nl@ G OnsRm

83 te 4-6
g .ddrr Fr tu'ny..,,..,,..

mE, dlr Ghq hdB, if q.uld h.y&y of roy:Jry. No bifll@ mG b. mdq

dE dc |Js$E adiLd r6M'slad,
G r!!ffi dd tb! DEfcm6 of df, mniB dncdn d
choic. of r bddc ld lG $d II. rodil r nd esidc!.d imooli$ H.de dE
! . nuhd oa lool sd@.liaii@: ttt ftth6 n }. thc ernq.lH6. A nd-
i6ir i![.ti6 bodv md $d frm if,. f*hd EE t, b ,o Mil.@ 'udou'E)
rd0-30
A l[. mtld 5lns ndcl, : *Ecr. oI ^!Iv
ror [! !;r vif.. Tni. i h"r .r,. Ei* ot i
 lf th. d b6 mmy so6 th' nn.m.l unclei chndr@ Th'n wnd o'
.cq allla bnd. iois hs hcbdd il hn rrthds iotrsc
Hff i#:,i$fl f; h$il"":'"f$;: sh. ail ose die.dY 6dd d" dP.M@
ar hq oftrBI tul r womd whofl sh' ns
bk.
ABo r mY eF. tin' o tud t bdc
m'n mt NE .lrsdy *cn, dd vho nPrc*nB rn 4(l@
rdr sch b6v, dd mDY oI h.i ou ldnnv in th. sog. io*nda
ouiE hk in ble for m'rig.
'tdg Srh r idol rrilc.Rnt nin n:16 io fc
' Th. DrincieJ ({m for thi @t' s'ot
v6ion Jor I skc o! or mE m s' bs 'r
Jrom rhi Fci, tr th. ForId bird md d<tn D.EoDalrd rdish.6 lt ncry mB iie
:ir.!fl[?ii'"f]"f1Ll&'ff[b on'
ffifi ::h{se rr6m oiE ho@hold b th. othcr r td'
.h- { ih. eirl qm r @l ,c.4u
ddb;nbd d. snls rln6r vo 's V.tr old r tnl\arnc6 s k lrd ,nd sheha
-".;
Ehl. 1), H(}wd, 6 sM s boY Eig
' m ;ff @-or his bdh6, s cMq or
:t3f.l,[
"H.'.f, i:".ills
.""5'1*!'tr smoni or m .ndrelY (xtr(ot h'iY Md
rhd. vilL b. !o frmiiid Nnt b sod d'€:
sffi:,1i::;:ffi
ffi"tr{"Iifi
ld, tut nrrY M.d. qrE d'mr rlm
1 tuPid@ rd .ssrg
moth.En.bw, wiih whm hd onrYbe "

rookdr for &qhB_d

"Ifr
Thid.n od Prcvid.ft rrthd, !E oi Br
hq roY Pha r suD
ii i no *md.r did brida sd.dG
lpry lf rhry con. homt ih€n htl.ts $urly
doPem
rh.y doF d ,
tu

rd;n t[.m
r.u. infr.qu.ady b'Y
d.m. Nd infr.qu.ndY
trdd 6 oflis brid. Ptic. m ' b'bl gFq th.v 4luc[Y *tde in !m. d9, or dsMr ]
fl6!d3T# J'.i."fi
rt tlE
t"?
of l4
h$l'f
ndj'd
#
o ",S
N
'IoM;Fid. whin tht irb or rdt Dukgb s i
liw Gi,ot loog @owh t ecD thm ub'8 ;
hNlf. ' r .dc N@, ihich the Fv.ler hrs sg
or a One !h. hG '!. b.r hdd'd o(r to
ni€hi,fu nighr r prihE houg, hft, dd :
m{ hsbfd snd rh. foll._nG F€nomd .src el"i--*,'a..u.1..q0-oy t ,r'.
ksdll ondirL rd m,Y b. sr hm ! ee ru ;r lloDddL orc hrs -hgrb '1*' '
b Drodue o6Ddns Pitls r F'!@bt' me otrPh rrEr couCchoP.Lslyin loi'.'bdr
{no,
th. Giholid dt cbdh dog E
lni@E_d.Lvd
sr bG;t or ih. i 6, i,',wn dd md r,
mril rfEr rh. bd d tnt
"n.n In ini! *lY th.' bnd' d b' ni6'o bui iqodbL ht ln rhe .Pq b'Y
ngE 'n
chnd- ;k-; f sd mlt sed 6eF li ul
r round 6ti@, bd tlE !!t d |.Nn 'nd scerd,.sd
vin d hrlt bd kchdY lif. I bdi.rc thd rh€t fldjnd
ndoMv J'G oii. a.o.*",.,]i*rot ott'*:,q l'clr'
rftd -a;dq ih. Mdtq *hc @h P.t)5-
Educ. ii,. poPult d of the- ronnsh' :
h'* .
nv rd die;rr t o6ci,rlY P.md ia" 6uis i"* n rt*d iitt' n-'i.g.
n6tslueo m nd k'dd
*hich ilE .;ne hdos hd.ll beMtq
"
whil.-ih. Gf,'E tM or d.dg m:6
d' rd shchs.ndSh_suugrn of chd:cb e
h *lr {ftd.d @ th! dildcjd d
bk. rhc rollNirs dT, shc sn ,!ord@cl
-{
m;@c rh. (motuc.nd d" tdt@ ;onv bv bNniiq r'som irgn i6g rq
ljf. ol th. nouEind6' ir Psni6 uda oPPd d). thaffioml ndinE or th. rI dd.s'
bft*nsr
lnis ftr o.Mnd
qir. 'diMdt
PrinR Muk'|m rbg r'*.--.t.y . o'J' p**. rul
hsb;d ,id Jm "i -a
By thn nN me.dr dt i
ll;'i,THf . il'i?j
f*:x""lf Ii+"; ;!J N or hd ;nElimdc p.rForl cb{rity
b( ,!e Prdda
ldn rd sM d:
; r.d bdRn hd fdr.r5
i, ..1; o* q"-d r'* n."1. e' tri' p.;". tt'. l*"." *r"i' '
mndr.i' tn th. @ qhrE soecNn nr_ ol ML:'l r5l
nd. mrk o( id.rllv, dE bot Td FIr l"v
c0r I md sh.^my :o:
d * @ droE J.o;e.
iii. sr.'"iu g.1
[r;e md b.fN b.dh,L
6sht lil| otht n.r sh!--y
"
a.in Pioush,T -d.
Th. bd/s molhd, d r 4n b.M mr' ll sh''
-di'o.. hd yttrd)rul M Mb r A;;d do or tba6k or,
oM tria nrv Eka b;k hd o,tl\ th. .tdd will. in d*ory, ldi
m
snd h. nt['h.v. r .fide b PhY *tn
 .liv., It b douitful if thi' puis[ftdt lE fd h* 0d shr hr ioitrd lh.n qm$. lf
tr @cEd d ry sh FM wirbjn th. thd i5 | swivi@ btri,ihd rho ! t@l; ob-
v'oBly the dp.d,;nt thi@ b do tr b i; hq
to hxi. sh. nielr .y.n:bc div.n t; I 6E
asin. HN.vir rh. *-d*
ais in Gh.srn *nc th. "*;""cl&sicd fom of
th. laine ir-indidEd, rd r brodid, Def6-
rbly u old.r boitd, .f thc dc6alj. hrn
vho n rL6dy &16 rh. vidow inb
}l; I'lNhold, '1Mn4
!n Mcld muidd thn
c Do .cdBiqidl di6cdiy. h G6olic
boEholds ir mv tui@ lbou i coddia vith
rn E6t. rr$Ji r4-. $. ra of rl|. wns
dd tb. Lv of lton. S@icbl r6rts G
sftns.r dr rdiqioc Eb.c. Th. ns he
L NE ivNbd.MofLbmd. bud-@v ,ot br-|lled r duh nmi{..
ihiisid.: thk .ffi n- drh rd n is irGihh dIft hl roq no! cnN,lm;ts
-"-- in vhich
& cud o& in aoDanbL lcidjd, tlrc nfl_ ui@ but th. io,M .n6 hi.
Oi ncbmd or the rut d,ngl'd c@6 to hoehold, rnd h. ds td hd rnd hd chn,
t vith hs @E dd ! rd()Ed s m
i; so ft_n8iis dr b.trt in ih. lfutrr/ Th. Fcdd Fhaim ir Flvmy. in s.
th. nL lin. ih.r $! euld oor b. doE iil dr 6n vila rrilr o rdu; iniL 6f,qiq.
Thjl @in i5 D..frdi l{rr M! M&Lis
lolr Dv he.!5 I dmull@d onlv 2 tu ud d'-:Mi.;]lv 6ind; ro .,rfi-olic 016
'o*
liCE ftrc nM! cloth4 mJ rpper.d Tfi. Ptid vin id :xow rh. hBb{d @ di-
.ithe mnEly dc&div. d d L,n
" at1i:to rid her Eolhiim. n. sheciE hm d,whrd th.i. is duE hoD
!d w vom.n-s clo!\6. Sh. M in hd dut_r sm wix rdfi". {d rh. cn*'Dv i,.
ddtiq 4d quiE rmdie.. Sbe sh. dd4Ed, Bc if dt .. stribbL d@ tnsa @
d th. oigfir Pitfi : juid mlhbd ol my no ofrFia vhrFrr h. eil dd I tlg
ir9.r boR-&iv6 I fom.d r |)M @ir- sit . ga dtm div@ tB old @ md h.
i .f tfi. b[nfig rnE dEo'r. lr 6 dft c:tuot l.qrly hi r.v dd It@ erin
l'Ft tht rrr pndie ol ntdi,g vid6- crm 'tl4 qG
mitimes I eMirllv firv.
visiEd o.lv oD. hou.hold of cilDlic Gh!6
f .!o . ftit of th. *hoL bsil6 of losl id viid {Lr* rh* rhe lEd 2 Pi9;,
{4l4ioq'dtul,.rdg vfth tnc @&. @n- .nd it la for rtis Esd. 'rr'fu It i! littL wndq,
ion of Eidc i!.di dd f.trdi@, linc C.tlolicisn n6 e imDafcdv dE ee
, oth.i nEhrin h.lp maLbin rfi. @nic nei& oI rh. Albmim f.nilv. th.t ,mv
iou.,l of rh. lMilv d th. oDrimm ro- oI tho Id o@ b r[. ;@ eidr;
" (69.ro, iEl ruld@ Lvd dd o irte.m t[. tdy (in rlh l,irh 'fuh
or l3lrf,,
rd@ of *D;'E ;'diciddd. & m,[ m- I. E.Li@ 'rr.d,
m th. fom of oE r.ffinr
@ic abDs On i! th.ldiE&. OGi- bLr 6 Groi;n. dEdniotr Di Il@ton ad
' thn ;aA, thrt vhd r Im &6 his I rllodn 3pr6 for tL n@dm of t[. fo[ow-
{a vil b. iDEicd 6 r swiviE brotnd i@ viEl fiiinia: nonfia or dc drEi.d
!d of Lio il ch. br.rhd is l,;ti!q. I! bt subi.c?s fdu, 6a Nnbd or cbiL4@
ol alr 3* bm b tri vifa W. dtr ih.
$bj.eh f4[d r.61s thd th. ns hiwll
brc.u wc wodd rhE he deli@ virh d
pL& or trgly cmd6 fdit*, In .lq
a{. w. Rri.i.d rcfic |tw.E: lw fv
v[@ f.t!.6 kd hrd 3 or 4 d€'codd
'a
nd rd.nbd hot @t c\ildm th. olddt n hrv. 3mrhim to do vidr th. tufbd to
viL trd b'd wrion h. i ndi6J4 otu tim,
Thd. stirtic do mt Mifr. i tNd Or sd:86 8ir 6 r hal. [.lp in 6ndn'g
ol d.lsc, Chn{L.n vho dnd in i'I{ct our ehy lro Gh.gs lrrEi.d @ tu lB
,-;brblv nd rclud.d Fdrl. i.fdnrd. vifa li t2 da d 3, @ c.nc rn 66 rif. '
hs ;ot blE rporsd i' Gh€til PlmjIY frild o obvid. id fshand vith u iq,
.I or nNt of th. childd CN to $cb r rldo@h itr l3 of dr6. 46. d Ll F 6t,
!. rh1reith( dEv w nin [eing i! l92Fr0. rh. dilomdue on!.i non dr@ht; siue
o; wE otd molgh { th. dm or.dad b w do iot tdow th. d.6 of tir6 ol ach
hrrc m:d. d ihpEion od tu rd d N chilt, w omd bc a@ 6{ ere of ihl na
hfrhd vho Pit ou flbrd. Ou 6g@ vtv6 who boE $G did nd do $ .iE .
cU h.* wiv6 .&n f:ds ha4 but dot scond vif! hd bd dir.q ud rhc mio of
hos nuy'luy sir rim, k q@ld b. hdd m g( Dlud l:wic @cltrd.d ld t$i, tl.fi nry
ih* idlm*i@ rron r eod quddlrg iF bghd d; N 6grs DdEc. s.n. o'r
d@ r dbljc r dk rin. ot nduug b hnnrg. rM n m8.
ro)e 6.ni!nv M l@iuv fol6idd.n b AL
bd. r;-adioli6 lid Mdd diL., Ed $r si*h vife be6 r $o On d dmG
rh. Grho[G brd in ddinoo th. P6irim oI hd rh. snnflflnd Eioid.g,
th. cluEh to L..D tfid rrcm sahg tE Ou ifttuibrl b t c:s our or q
of ih!tr_Pdff in ri. or 'rirrnq
vd. md *h6. f{hd trd E}dr roE thm
lollMv P@e
;61dod od\s FotL oR otl'd obrioE mr vile ach, Of $e 4 Hs nd vn@
ddd of oe dD ii i6rr w htr m uord noth6 h.d .@. f@.Pbdrima 3 hrd b.d
of nrE@4 ir w[ich no 30n va boq dd Er.d D DoIwoG frmilid Ti6. 6'@
no si vif. E!cn, 11i, cil!j1mbc.' sr@sly iiitii r polftiol doriEiior_TL
lhfto@i a nd lu% o€usl Th! Mdd c]lff of tliq DIUEI PiG ftm djd Eib€
nlv r[in]. in ri.w of tht uNu.l s* ndq in olds b ssisihd lur.6 n r siddpHd
r6t tuL b 100rrruL of6pti.g, dEt Mo5Lc de :dd lG brh b th. drF d S.n@@
friLd to dril .l'e @ nmbd ot 3* mm' ou 6s!; @ nor |ujEd o;.val th. Brc
bfr I do mt b.li.rc tht .his v. dt 6g iEue of rhi Lind of aogny,
Thc C.tholic lud t$. sd. $x dio 6 th. Th6. z doB Fobrbly for mst.
Mdl@. F@tn.o4 iI ImY ,ffi chtldr.n I lrff of |ll DlurJ ruEiK '@dThc dhd tuU
h'd h.a bm thm V* ncord.4 dE rtPc M dilr ha* b.d o!&a by .eo'mod.-.
dudiv. sllffi of Ghq rdha vonld h.v. tios ro furim.ly d.*ts. Upoi th. dath ofl
b.m d;d beYoddtbd €Fcitis, . th.llliliE ni(ht FE om of hE kje,
1060dh.gt itri.j ux ':a r sEond vife-Upi@
n.d ih. dadr of r
Ar Ebk r i@\ plr
vmd Tltcfoonb! ot ihe ftn hid btrt *omrn, h{ hub4nd votrld hi.
lron 2 to 6. 'm'rry, DurD.i.l
rbL. lrnat eitn difioft ddianq
lE wif. sclt, r|i d {FhG
A dird of 2ll Mdlm nui.d n@ rbd f*d. snil goDnl .llElsid .qdi tt.lig,
onq comped b 1sildr of C€tholic Th. blrm bo IEv cl'ildd ii Dpid $cdidi
er.{s pltrntrr on dk pd of dk MGkm d..th frc h.E EI6 m y ;f th. v@E.
;f,ccR ih. Lnlin of rh. soil b tha
.dEm !ib;, 'n;,8vlich e ;lnd PhouY Me
l.n Dd rh* . l1d 6.fiod n@ wive
.*l f..d roE chjl&sl fi. whoUt Cldolc

Gh€Ds, wl{. d. dtholiB dd Mdm

liv.-@.rtrd i! .tout dun nmb.q dE
c{holi; M4 G ryvi;e 6 tt.Mdltr
In Lct n PuLath. Oidloli6 hd noe R.-
Iisim rheEfoF ha litd. b do qjth ih. toEl
nmbd of wiG r md rltlrcugn ir
'rffii6,
lw is @td, lt v{i6 fBn +, i! M'ri Epro&div. orBn. Th.t is vhy fid-bDm
-F dd E M:l'ia . Mtdh., widl .h. Llgd rrn- chil&a hd ormndemdv b b. boE. It
ili6 o .ithd sid. of dk no@ui4 d. !n'n' s th. is! d rh;ninh. ddi!trc. I! ;Dnt
d in ih. nitdl., Em tlE Mld t @ d Albroir gtls r nmi.d 6 !m 6 lh.y
t'ft lu dj. lddsp. s l..d widrot r c'm o srl mdiry rd bqid being
cbaa id ddho<r5of lud uiiUzdoq r.h:ngc chndftn a sm r ih9 r hiologiqly |bL,
snjci hd nd Fi sriv.n.
rn th. emiry otr s.ns4 rh. ciry vin Tfte nstcs, tLtrgb d emDLE, h.lp
jn ih.
ih 3ne of th; G. In di. Ln& d or iffd .e lh. pitur dIIw .nUd
chlpt5, AI oftld. rlios: 6r io€tdls: th.
.dvtonmdr' th. Ennico6 ot ndiim t
IsbE on thc s.ci6c Lid of lrdeo@:-i5.
di'do. oJ irb6r hdc. dr s6; d. .c
.ohic miry of rt. p:dialEl hmtuId! iE
ind.p.nddio of:imild hoEhok&t thr djvj-
sid of }bo. btud n mbjn rd rl]mr ins
cG.qtr$t 1bffica ol dy n..J ld 2 tchnc
l@iol djvi'im of lrbor ino@ rh. no@din-
..;; ihr didolty Dd lmibri;n of hwl md
,tarsp@ the Figgl. fo ljf. rnhin d.,s
lrrslr'c P.fffie; tu.mnEqndr mcF
in d:c Ril, in ih. cltr@, in tf,. K.tr
cillllw oI Afshsni@ .nd in mmy orlxr or d,. i".d- dk .
'F6:f.rdiig: lf dou€h srl6 Glkd m4rdoa bm, by ed"f lrr3!, Ehd "-^f
-tui" tr of by"f
t[. Dopddim r@ins cot!@ 'i thc ti'ehdord Echni@ of f.u& sd F
'i6, M,!6-o;J}n Lax.d.4 J:*- !.T. cipnsl rudd, b wbin rn whoL sttu
r. Dlbg thr
9" or tui@a dd is biol@iol cmffidm
rlE by eioLrc. m :eil'bk.'
iod imr-r)J t[. nric in , nmbd of r :diusid. rnq ,how fuddr qiciim t[.
[d cmmmitiB vd. T@bn& ]9 Pd nth if the mili Fift of thb Fip.r e rr,
; DElb4 , Pd dlq sF; t Fr 6r; th'r rh. M.MdB'of Gdu fom r g*dc
r ?d ed @qiJG[ , I F @; Nilci, @ *culirdv clcd to o!6id. irfu@
hi, ril Krilri ?t F( ffi Ect Ddbl. w: lbcd h ou dtrcotrF d mnirF drt
: 6c@ dd or 6'& b.tfu 4? p.r dr . bov mizhrnelll4, r with vhm h.
6i-Fr oi of m.ld dying in ini@di. co'na D-e @v mmior;Eillnql d*ot.
Ar il rm. n.Ml n.$6ftn E@ Th* tui trd<!: .Iuadnj@ Addry
ih.nidv Eu@ b cm@.E for 6il oE r[. Ci6 e ilivid.d D nb I tumbs of
!d 16 k frnii, sd drio or 16rm:1.birds muErlv-addi'. mEi cdl.d ,r'. bsd m
tndiiioiE ol6m;n rcEy. comd@ eith
:is.rt;tid ol itu fr,snibd. h.v. ban fo.nd
bt{N in fddi@ codEiq rd in &d th. r-hi$;cdy.ffiE Dobrblv d.@d; @
inio ot n L tinlE ha bcn.hofr b rir h h@ f& bcl ih dF.d' tu dB. E ch &
i4 .h clmEv in rim ol wf. Thl biol.g B $id b hr. bdi d.riv.d frn r !ind. ,@
id dDl4.dd,i is dur D.@lc li{a md.. Buslry s{llll.$. vho dna i.b the io@Y
bdirii^ .f .,'f* ;d+ iod"- ri d; tim. d .ndh6. iltft@n r rd .n
ililra ri d adlid rg. tlri -d vdnd i.
thcy b.!i!v.d b tr. hd d@d.f,from rbdig-
iE of Fe. s.nc 6..h,nim npon*6ict
[ 6iol4'is do .d 1gn. sled t[. sP€m Tl1c nd nllllEms dd bd ldM ,b it
, oidr f.nilizd .ggi b tfi. n.tlt./! Gh4ir it rlm of Dlileqir. Tbn nduda tfi.
L;l',}J of Oi6fi. sFi md Kshn4 phjch
l:g':* *o .c4 tinlq orr, pP,
:'NoF4 ,qr. h d.Cd by e G'he s4 Et, ?, PP rr-4
ffidft n\e-Slr}' of Mirdfta a vdl a tI. 2 ui66 r so f! 4@ dd b i50l
Shshi fd Sh$ in th. dibc ehid hd th. dur th. ocdim vodd_nor;r shcfi
Dicginlrlft, Tn E c, o4n myih!, m Shda lil. ih.i! bF$rd foud rbdi.i.s ii
told in DDlr{i4 th. od'd id l\rlirdie du !"Id: Pit[ rh. d6dds6 of th6
Aeordi@-; d. 6Er Lc.dd. 3 br.dtffi dli.r hiddF ticy bo m lom co,:ruft{
Ma lroh; phe dx.n Nj;n;d JrLm
Oe cnird . vimowins 5i.v. GDoJb)rnd Mffi {d Nihj, th. 2 C{holic d
hgf r udE a n ffi ro f_ s h trh i T n !d IE of M.ltr r JrLd* (.h. odi( C.dF$.st rh
d'i.d 2 sddl. (rrrl) md 3ir.d shia Tn
rhird @i€d mthiog: s:i4 ilrt rr' (Gmd
d:y) rd vdk d ewy. Hir dd6d$! a
dE @pL of MndiE :an Mi.din rpL
i.ll i rin deilcd fr.rv Ttry lin 5 [rin-
cd shdt: dd $n 6 &I@ ;6d fd ihc
obi.6 thry dicd. I odr6 vlb..rd.n
Mirdi,--oGl\ '.d rnd KBt6d.
spac, Tll.
fr.diir dr rh*;ordi ii orlq E I
In liirdiE Ph@ .n6. 3 brothG ffit d rd i, l{tdit .v6 wh6 d@ @ s'ql
thly lound oth€r tsopl. rh6d of da thc ina'1uri,g.r5k A ir r si'gle ! Lge oll+!'
uatuE oI thr iDlib;i{E of rh. : r.midiE d%dl5 rcqold
,rirra, of Dibli dd !u Dibn rd Fu hia
$Ern lridhiD liid @IL i@ eh cd*t sry. In ttu bE of Gu i edl\ in Mrd wtj
ol d |mhd of Jn, Orclq SFc, td KGhm wE bld dE viu@ .ndoM ir u$l :
&trt fon : !id.L qori6i. uit iodav. TIE d b. lird. aGrio! d;r fir c1dolic.l
srM s Fabrd ir Midiq Dolcsic rad
ftr; dE chri"id dzb of s.lia rd Mrtui-Nlci ir bituric'nv t[. olde;, rdd b
Kth.U. ir M.ti od drr did frm Lw he $. nr cr@ly s*jlFn ritft iohtior od.:
f@ inw fdl in dood with ths. Tt'.v.bo
ddy 6jsim vonm fem n\. 7 ,,ti*r ol Inth. ndd.@w v @ i6 ddil
lnl,. No lro fmn OG6. Sprt, rd.I(ch- od tlE nmbd dd loddffi ;r rdiru trr.
Ha ir is.noxqfi b ldF ifi. qinciDlq @h
,dzlr or fd; sfioini o. SlFlr, dmssr&d lv n\. *idmiE ttut rtii
Sh6hi sad Shd. rom s ibl&d c@ph- th.s hE b*n L:rt dv.l rnd r ridi'lru ol
El tm with Si:L r dr hjsh dfshahi * inurigrdoq or. 6!d! !tugL ldsl'ip gmF.
tn low.nd ol r dclorcil bl4d v,n x It
is not q to.tu d Lr. iiis {.. Hde noE \tGcErh.F r.! tsm mnre ;rl rd
th. Mi@ didio6 b.M.. ttu ba if nonq doud r ci@iq of donEil., m
thry ftr ;i*d, tdE disDpsr€d, rnd Sh6hi fin& ;rnv lirl. li^ihiiunG in l Ehiicle
md r.€lhrly ffiry Shrb roftq rd eie 50 ,@ TrN h dd.a wh.E $. rr;
hiriMv l)*. dre c ddld of of t
hunded @@t@ h.E DNd !i.c rf,. dm f; hoi;hol& ac[ nd rh. ffi L ',.;. id
of rh. l_dcEl borf,dE. loDs dolzh o tn. nor ftwlld ffi of Llm rnd Ditn
ffid. mv ltr. dr engr ;d. li d. rnd h 6. midbdi@d of s.trdi
rffi b]G; tlkw cotrld tn;dicinv dd :rnc J'', s in hft sI! i. thc 6sic u$t of
dr.n r.Ioy f' ;mb6 lr@ )\tndir4 {elit dogf,y. Lilc tl humr iditutioN md
rhdr.n. Mndic vould not Inoydg 4Br.grtioG ir is ! nobile ujq nd.. oa
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'Lelv
lv. |;E *m boP in tul'gii tlt. l@! g.G hur r ii nrd. ro cnm.id. virf, dodl{ de or
sEprrel Eqni|mhE spln r fr, ud hN.o Ds.6 64 of ih. 6s b'id ol I brtY boy,
! 'd,i-l6""li l* *lin Md@ rM uth ii. 6d of on. or thc @dDrE Tha f.tbs,
, r Edtrctionin @d fd d.nded qo8ay. tIE chnd- sd wrii. Ndfdls der d_
I di@m te tMe doo;. r ! Nlae of-od!{ tn. Thr.oll.
d.vice of : 7affidon
r Dr4 shile vilirS..xoC$y dbapp.rftd So Lft; hol..lth bov r hf l'p, diiF664
fd w & d.rlinq wi.h Edudi.B in dc4my locls of hrir. if Cl'd$a rd I, if M6lm
Aow.vd, tlE t icEn6 in Phid d'. 1rr diF.mc lid in thc tf@l oa iIrc M*
oPP6i& oedq drd rlt. i'6 gm! n *_ ldn b nrke th! iih ot !h. @ tt. qod-
Tvo ribn n.chditu poqida ld raihd rh.n blls -rh. h , l f€t folq
#d.d.
. dir blaod brcth.ftood .nd qod6th'hood dll@ w[rch rh. eodltdu dG tha ftnd r
rirlH 2 m.n b.@ d6. fii6& rd rnid, pE{r_or s[ tli tnh* FiPmeti,g wiih
od dnd tll.ftdvd in cd of .rch othdt
3!fue, @culjly in L!d5, th.n rdrd@- iorh of (he nE_phe dr d6enddB ol
slip botri: limi]I io dut of borh.q wtjch .nl I rinciorli ia o fid Ebti@hiD TI*v
cloe de kis iherdon cd- do doi boeffi, rDply E conErd kr'n,fd ir
tids.d n.6ia th.t d,a mll. dn r.htid- .,t and , u.od bi.dd bnth.E or eodf{h6,
-{ffi.Iy
a rho r.6! wtui t[4 do hv m@ of $PL ,4t brcih.1s 5m d sril e.d ttdrughs,
i ar;;nv. Irr. ? . pdc! d.n frs.E ' ladl Fhn. ,r', m @L Thil @DtG thc
i }! c ;d rrhd licL ech othdt hl@d. d nidr. hdmd dn sinoh t' ssm dd EG
I t'L.d nrtlrlly i.to r mp of rrki, wl'ict boih eid6 r Nirbd ol s.a;l b rir.t
individun qdtminc ';lrti;s[iF 6 ey' th.
N..iI6
i.drink Odc ifi; 16 bm dm ihlv @ one
' Id bloo4 o d i h.ir childE n (fu d$ry 4h l@l C.tholG cl.Ey f$m d hoth th*
orhd. Tfi. otfis ria g.df h.rhoo4 bs iE
 PO|-IIICS AND FEUDING

odd tslilsl iGiuiod it Eibrl rmtim ah6 ildtrdc dE E oI tib.l

'FHE
I che @i(i b th. ho*td4 tt'. d_ I'nd& dEisi@ vlEthd d nor io tls for61,
vhich L iBo b lEt Dn@ @,. altf,@h trh llrlM
m&d r;njrv [,;i@ @t[d,
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-ho{&!otd b dE olddr dL of dk !.dr! d rlo c6'|!t$ d fli|@ in drhtLitg.
qErdolmdl m@d@ Aborc nh. vill'q. is i[. ,4tl (Tul&h for
bm{, rHdrd)_, r gsgnprnclr @ wft
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lolv t,t0 dd JOs i tbcir lEs Side dl
$* lriod ol MErd uiw. b r!,t e p.oDr.
li@ j. it b$irndlr *amm of dcd did
$d; do nd e6dy tirc Pith rlEir fidtlt 6r;r $e wiihdi rrll of d. iill@ tuc
b* @r mr oEtrPy rFde i(n6 b. .& o.d togdnd fr the d?,1 Ndt u.dd
r[. df'& (sb!drd-b.1dl o! n'd of
isddion of rh. boehob nry 6s e d-
pdd.d.!ridly, d$otrgh th. nhdonshits r th. rdirA (6q. r0,.J. tlb otde Gh.Jdiory
h eAin 6 lid. xiE p! Lthd 9!
Tbr hod.hold i! . un of e|rf$t wb r ,finth ol M.r t!€ Fi;prr7d.'I
_who or Mait
.miE mrdd widrin hi! om btq h! in Dlbn Mrior Ca Ela $ hd
'u i. or m;fti; 'ftd
sS one ,nde'. vbil.
h@hold sE s lll8Eha t sLiig m_
Mui Krft.li bb dveL E dothd. Ti6.
ifrilv lond bv Llni@ n\. brodk! or bn m w.r @t fddd 1.d6, mirEinit,
.dm; sc'6 nr b h.ld b b! co[.div.. lry bo.da& of |n.d n.n, rd dispdidg Fds:!
lr d; ft;bd of i bd.hold !jn5 dothd. brilh hcpibliiy io :X cmrF, qrn Ela hn}
qdicn h'p@ btr v.Jy ft€ly,r Dothing * qr lTo;a hr hf b rh. Aroietr T(hd-
ddm. TGld s tur olih. ldilr. dlsc!@lirT|r& E rhaLt n dnod-
Th. M M ! dr. vil's. k roY h. r .n Priclrbrd nerhodr a w.n a Ddfcd
cmhd doiD oJ h@ $rlNd.d bY iE Edlni. T1* bG h@. f.Iow dd 6 fd
fu']dd ;d ;rfu, o! k nrv osis or iie 1 -ftn or gEt ri.lp 6 u whm ft ?iiEd
lrtd bm*:ds acl in i6 ;m hnd Th.
htu n 6. nor. @l l@. In rtthd cdq n Tn ,.ir'itr d beco@ d itd.mdd
h^ s{m cq!.n buildirE. r mqor da $Gim if h. h$ . r.ns dowh Flrhdiit
chd.h: d it m,v mmti hl,. 1 d* Dltq ra ir ilc hhd {L\oriF1 *!2L ind tiii l'
6urny ,h.d.i bi m o|h wh.E th. ddd . del !oE@; lilc*ic, Ir orh.!
m.L E1ch eil!&. i! f,Decfcd to hrr. 11 drc he is ddd th. rthdiw ol d* hc.d of
.ld6 vh@ 06; it dr.ft herdiEs'' pridt ih. Eib., m o6ci'l cllfr tM r 0lidC
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fd .ldd Md uin); b PlrLasrpr . xrr. z,id iBlrl-H.id
fick b rh. rim of Sdrbo: On of ihs HoeJ, in Mdsir . Mrdh.,Srrir' . tt dl.
.ld6 n de Arr.?r,4 !rcr:Xt, h.d .lt i In rBis IIoNcr. tle *d .quilddt of th. 6-
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,rr*. l; rold th. rsrdd $6 h. w Fifc;';a ;muisir J F .[ or N
r'-;d" ol dE H. c.lls ih'.ld.E ndic;l $nq r€; o6;h.ld$ itr th. Ghrs
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: aelt rd k tu.rtu d |sc$ n t9t9, r ru tsvrd'n aush b minbin th.
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s "!,yor' ol & villg. of brli.r\ o6d. rh. ldie rd q.ri@ dd b :rd lrod
. @io re Allof $s.mwl€li Zoe u dml siFd iu Em for vhich ^nbAhc
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2 ir Fd, t in Lm; 7 ;n Plta , in Mndi!.
Jd Mrluioa tt dly htd chiar vhd m h Z{driDa t jn Mr4 a nl Dibq n&i.g
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r ;!;s; hjn, rltldib h. ffim.d :x of his
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itu frn6. dd 2. tdl-tift noUriel @-
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F did ad .t hidc Th. rcidt
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66 of mund sirhir dE ribq of rtr. b d6oda dci. hb6. It |j@ M,l_
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cd bordd .Io b.f@ ih. inPdirid of th. ci.ltv in th! r.Fffi which she dsiguta d
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dii 5h. li* s tfi. PuLti smF b d hireU
Ai! ;.b Upp{ nd ried P.l6 sb. g@E ttn sho hd slljffi .doah
l,lMr Pltri a sdl @rdrd Eibd, fl"t woqld b. mdd $vd. isi6n. b.ow of th.
crn'nni Mrbrc rd ltui UDEI ?'n:ii n s...El nrsd tuin of bts lidftn da
-Fnd.nt! rd cGlqudt trul.disM 'nd* iih_
Eird sli:l:,-wi'n 4 ,",rJ, tfr.dq P.dj,
iirhri. nd L!k:i; Shdhi nmbd of r!hr,
not siEd, T@hi4 srr Nirai, s.. M.ts A chde bloq . bmh son4 d. , PLY
tui ehjch id_mnrd wirn Nilci nd i' on mr& whj.b s ,.rY sY n Skl P.or :bM
ns dl|d Dd of M.!i.. J'kova, sh.Itt d :I r cru.l ioL!-ds. ffiiqrv lmo! coF
dA Pul! i6 . Dd oI Bdsha Th. Esd nicE old i.d b rodd 4_d mlrdd, F'n
Ior rhis B thdiMtui sdit ofi fM 3.n- onsolnt fdrdb; I [d *nl ocsioG to
sh' eleln rtndrio6 ro. ! 1al d;n lm Ar; vii so mch liL th.t of
Md i zl-li*d n nir6d d r r,n'I of tlE Noe ss._One mY td n! Zdrimt
pt d !h.6im b Liu. Sh. fl.lc Cdhi, i.Mt 4 in h@t of lmi P@Cq lhtt 1 ird
: d;rA d M-rlja ..lrlc*, 1 q{r. ht th. *idjd LF lE hd d{ E!, {d vm-
sh. :!o dB Eib.l ind.Padd( b 6. drEl fioq I c;rld edL Th. NmbLd clD
,ctA oI LE which stu PI'G d th. hdd DdY b6 ino Hm{ic M. on dothd
of. adf.d.ntid i.clodina Mdi rd Dtba ;eisio( i r Pllllr ,rd, t lled nY h.ed sd_
ind to Kth.In whi.:h 5h. dieid6 into l d.nly od l t n I sonndwct @: Prcfrdi'g
,,t l'. Krh?Ia S.lia {d Pdhi nlil EEirllv tumins nau rh. prc.6
rfu 6ffi; ilinP 'n
in th. wodtl
Ii b;v imD6ion ih2r someot ind dif- Thb'w
f.ffs irc di. b 2 @nfsiotr od Mis Du- Ona prid whd lrtngonh rd | @vl.d
nrmt Ffr tcM tlt tdd dt l, ,,t * od inoN-n.oabrE lot ih. Di8f'r,the whoL.
riba -On de 63 she drsl46 ,rttk' a lrohold li@l'.d dd L{$.d Wn n P.
''had of d;;1€. Hld !fi. not gon. dons dk.d the rukr;th.Y eid, ls
enqh.rt ir wo d hlrr b.o @rhbts. ilnnt ih. hos. shouldorch an 6(r Yoo
'$4l;
'f
'sdrlni b. rbL b gR dt of n\F $cla dfuddibucl.ehel@oEi6l!*d
_l &PteudG d d6 dhB (o e Tqrnh cor
Wbi b!DFG ef,d. :m LjIt aotf,d of
i!$ se dib. d hd b. L:m.d fld th.
mFqd6ryGp@d.dbydE"!i|rd (h!
iolowing $odim ftr Mis Durhr'
j
snh. ood d tud) b sL ior "ta" (FMe
dfte)'T6@'eFdd'!tddFdoDgd'
ime ro lba cE & Im sho hs rL! hldd tu 4d dun's e he ft 8nh dd ll; rd!fu @
ao d & t d... M466 .ci!tr @
'6.
rc&dbru & Fecddtusjrku.ft
".hlE
ildigsi!h "tudr
i e d * a .d ' s M 4b,]AlhGPdrry,
y L e€ ql
lik Dud ood d lW) k 6c dsh s M. dd.
rro4lE L add !' oE udmre !4 *s ordEyi'yLdi.dbye"hnloj|.'...,rhc'
L ht io* !! dq. H. { oE rxd'tu u ed
.d s,rd l!ft. r d @tr+Id.sc o qrr
lie b h! 6@ 6oos 6c DqLsi,j d'c GolEu
l tu !r odeE eois@B ddomb &ilE{dli'fgr*ydodoEqr!.hud,
q!'6$q@ Gb;q-d;dm& d 6d Fy 66d dr s dE ad i Bjd.i rli dnd
iro c uwrrcd ro., Eru d r. & id*
6od oI l@di!{ * da v,d h tu grNP !d
y dsru whq b d@4 hd e M
!i "euc' !G riik 'k!aor doo4 s d4, @, bY?
Fid s? ejis{ ffi l'! tuE. s! 6load
@s br!o{ tAld ft tu hY" dmm)...
'6ifxn'yloFyFoPI!'Bm&ktlld d! sjt'qq &d dE .d t sjik ftFdnr djJy dt
li d !c rm A$ 4 Mh q & y !d ." 9 [6 .
rk dr e4 qb d fr tu*.t F!( dr
fuLnFD!!tdsehhboqdFF'L
s'@,6q lsdy da s( 6tu
^tru{
iddn e 6* e ffi .d! bt & qiot tu ndh., d d. Ei; hde M ddi b Fy tu ir6
iliE b ( I iq'! rrry bla ro" i D'e tu
14ir[n rn dtr*, th.q Dolnid n chrn-
fts dnd.d b rdtrc rhe fnqn ncy of Du-
ion er tu ftislt oe &ia fgr&s- T. dd bY nsLin€ it m.BiE Mud; hNrm
!r{.b''4dtni5dflgrdqlglabM ,dirlr MUrd limi* b. di{oE|g.d if the
enhl .ldrority ol dE Eib? @ l@g
'j.eodyd'.rc!PoFiy'Th.|j!)lmof
Odr.gis. inE:r,irrt fd& ould @. fd
irl,,..b ddinoi o djcturiqef ft bqb d.sd6 b.foE Ecmrldna wtolc-tih6
6i qrfu!ktot.'rid'-''b*4Pdcd. could lilr.visa b! in blood d.h qch otlu, d
::J'r iiilir ci'i'"liil. ; ;; * u* wirh siqL rndb, ic t Mirdin m in
lndb 6nv5Bid,..i. sond , . - r@ddY blmd wih Lrn ddig the p.riod in which
.i'ft!Tq6cMid!cd6bldm

rd rd c d i l h d l d d @ d * d l o d c q ? A anirn D.ldcrl ruthdity ddd b

t'soaLft!oldybgfuofMFo 366bm tfii ti6 b@..d tibd trrb.n,
ud srh tlle rums c@cn n..rin€e thd
va! dlled n.mb6 0f dl! @
d u 4 c ry tq h n i n g @ l ' i h 4 d } h d . lmitB eot rbout f@tr.ddy $iihiD 'lrmidrdtn
!or tu qh q frEd of 6. dr dd *- hlrl bo;d:n6 rhn eould gi,. thm oP
E noPtu r4d.3r6d.fd& or 6! Dlbtd pffiniry b 2lM8. frnrirgg @ dnbm.

Mi. Dshm Eullrd d{rd d xad ol 6e !!d|n'.dMl!,rc'ldofu'A]!qIh'.t.it

ph
"TrIn4bkqfcimblM4tftdEd lLc &'d'ns d6d. b.fde d I .ib, fr b
fm hoe Thc blood fd4 d th. othd Mirdn rdrrAr, nos Sl'.1'.Berishqad oihq
[{4 *.td.d thd dh moE Pidely, da ch@ @oE. Md ol lbd dil6 ,Dd pbb-
vhilc M ol th. dins dtrmed hmq M. $libft_ hmr iNolubrtv. Th. Doliddl
sriLd dEid. th. nMbiG Mis Doh@ Id;ryok ol Gh.g tibd sii.ty, Fidcab'ly
ancov.r.d lMd J:Loq $d! terl, sul i6 vslilr. 6pftu, EDd! rc ptm@ !ngn-
vinrgB r.dc np or FolL lFn rr rd othf
 RTTUALLIFE

n oRTY TvYo @ st of N $n6 wG of his pEd..6oq b Gno sitn thm AI-

.F rcord.d ! cliholic, fd thl @ da!. doEliror s.mhdffi d. mYil frbnv
fo( N a Moad Th6. trsIF ft- hE riFr.d tlc B.'ltli tuu 6d i@hipD&
id dr ':4t
lDrotlmE l)t1rd6 or thc , reordin! rc Hmn nq th. lhrim riti6
fitlE in Gli@i!. Tlcr i.diEri,l didibu- dcoDm; rbdL Y@ nd who rilh 6
dm * shl)u-m 6tu r. AI of Mirdlta bdo;o dsi,h6 sq il $;y r dL, b Gis,
of INcd[ dbolihlU of Md.ir . Mdhq 'I
nd of'.dn@ rd:Mc r,izlt or M.t,
Pl&a md Mrlsir . JrLo,a, d. C{thoitc
C.tholi6 omDv m rtu whoL th. tdn
d . oil't!l4 clds o Roa. 'c'Mc
'4
ocmw thcE ll.'d tn didim of
'Ltu
'Ildh.L .lia d. min rcd\ r.d i! 6.
vici6* of rna_L*d bE,
lldL kLn is-bui ,l dbri6 old in Al-
r-,q,.icc:$.r.Tl lt *T.ryf.t-l:-1j
I rin6 6 lorc Dui@ dE Ls ,r .tffii6
my chrns; h,( DIm Pl& b t[. nmtq
lddd oI bishooric dd Ddilhd, rd in
'At 6. tiD. or
i '!d
d. nDhd ol c@isids
, d lddq dl.c M a bisboDin Z:dri4 @
:- wllm tt. Ddlf, Dris of MndiE Ep.tudl
cn rhd bol c4 i,r thl witory mrtfi or ltl.
! f Din, s@. of rf,e ,ris, lai Fldis Ks_
j', nichvn6 v. vindit id Midi.qvddiE
: ..Alhni& hid.d in Rom, oif,d Auti6'

Mi.v of th. MGLro ol enlEm Albanir

hd@'b n ffidt h.@dd 6Dthdhood. rbr rdnbn d;61udd d dao6
tl* o? dr !.tElti. tlt Mb of th. lmd.!
ol thr ord.r Ic in tlE i'trs tc6 of d lo.g
..q Edly 6 6cidi sds@ wfry, jn de rd Eiv. tlEir st@ion r. tll. mdl
.liif ouBa. th. ciry ot c:no tlB $cc6or sltriE T[a G vtv of thc d.wirhs in
lic in I h.e { ih; .nme b tle ek Thc chmi. sokc A;bie'M'rid h.d 5m. Idoe,J-
n d ol rh. ord.r od dl of tiE h@dn.n in .dS;of oih6 Modrn clmdi* B6id6 the
rdidde d. AlbDis, ah. M t r ihi, viur@ drnnh6 dr. Brl(6h! h.k r nmbs
6dd cnNne i! th,t tIrc Kh.divi'l fo- ol ;ol:,di6 lo@i.d id Frs rnd M,!i. .
ilv of lsd vt oqin'If Albdq dd theY J'lovE;, W. n Nrd rhc .bbot of @ or
biruhi'ri.n $iitirl chid. Pnh dt co6B
 D6pft iE aotui€5 h Gb.gn4 Carholicim di .nd NiL.i, $. l@ .dopt 2 s ol lm.q
MGI€o.nd Chri*id rrd.nDld ttu fomc
dr ooon@q-tuh 6 tht ,rr sysm with wru.4vdg o,v6 @Ek. In.y sE
G-mGr ll@irg., tirl muril8e rbr ldi_
dq bLoodtntbshood, Md ft iw.rflg d rh.o d hom 16Hotj, th. ,,t't d one ld
vi'ird. Tba (sod n or M thit d. hn lrn qiN th. inerdiE S{b!. wi.h th.
nJds ;hich th* @6tr fil haE rd td h.lp or th; Tukirb roEn;di ln FoEd.
.lioinEn. Ttu M61o fifth Fmis tb.m rd [$ bnk hd !tr;sful oduct n!. Tuk!
:nd d$ bs b.com nor populd. hld is @Ed hin rycirl qivilaa .nd b. eor
dmd dk nG f6hi@bL rd b@ ovn' ;8, e,tb tu fDny, io ldr; Tt. 6 oI th.
ird r.lidd. Th. D.@1. oI dr b$a, rich ,de[t $I n6d' CldFlic bE th. t'd.dq
m.o. &;y o6d, iidlths sph;nhic e. n sch 1 c. i ld ti. orid b fond d;
tr 1lle Mdldtr. Md Crrholi6 r todr' Ldd, In LB whc nix.d frsilie d.
Thir fuidd. is of cN. r holdnE lrom ihe Iound. ih. Crlhoti6 b:e. ciE! uD koi@
ndiod of Tuti&h dmidti@ Mdv Albo- M !o 6 nor o of.nd th. MGkr6: &d a!L:
is rdl4d lhl Tukc Msv sN$ Tuldsh 6ii. M6lh fei!,t 6 e.u s chlntir
bv prcrMe. L r.sx dd !ii.s rlo,g I od b rvoid htrbL. VF Er€lw r Midib
6i in z1&inr eith nv rl!lr)M, Mr' sn;rsy. M6ld vod; fsi M16, bni
FEsndi vho @i'ddri 2 old hsffi vh.n h. dG sh. b.cm6 C{rholid
whm w p.s€d ld elti.a -ful&b togdbs Who thc Tul6 irdoduea Gla ,I
nnhno Fm Noli $ffi dd lh4 mry tuv. Gh.Bs lm C4[olic. Alnd acl6h.ly.
bd rddshssl;r rdrq*- I(; th.
ioffi oI Primi !.L-d Podioria H.G sa flY thrt,lmct rtu of thr
Thd. i5i crfr; di@ dEdoe b@u DKnrnry G6di6 '@ bd Ed.d. .lddc
c.r[oli6 od M6LK Tnt f@6 !d Po q bmughi 6 fim omid. tle Egid bt th.
&citlv in d. virtdi4. Tn Mcl.m Tule or thei fo[NG ehi]. thc rm. ! Dd
s;l sD tun nddt !d e rt n\. f,e! of tu@nvh. of dE Mosl.r Gh.@ ,airl
bdL ;d siu nd d* i ioom whd t it by ,''a{ ud nih. by db., s ;nlmiod
@otdd. ln iB Dhc tha s. rMh fltm prq}k4 dE lie hm n\. 2 eligid
I:r in-dEn @6kiE Grholie dridlr snD hs d, by @d laq r mriEl bri.r.
*hd d* d @ i: MGlm ff fo! ln.ir 'ffiinrh. sh;ft Eiod;f
Duioc th. Torlt&h dlq
:ldf,di.'c& ivid r". Thde ditdd€ oilotrG hrk furl.m.n ben $1. b ded
.e Nbablv oI no biol@icri impo'm., a mlch 16 widdy thd Md@ virh 6Id
| .;, d- o;.sh dd dd.lootrmr or rh. in-
' In Albdii. m lftorddv h.s d. @ntr
diviud ; cdccn.4 but A.v do $n. 6
irE6i& tl'e nutud diBthY-oI th. ? &U- thd '16. Albanis :E nar Erv Elei@.'
sio6 dooF rd iihibir igm;ri. imrchr€c fi; i. lfuUy sjd rith qidc Jn rn. Di6de
In Lq in . rorsdon dot 4e.dsg : iN o( I r.tiaidi in 3o Mrl r co6w iddrmd
hddr.d indoiuib. Gtholis rd Mod.c I drsdaG hDrdmd b @litic;n uiw, I.
inm, In . siod. f,Gendd thc r2thd m 6q d- ih-r. i" ddjn lru. F.t ar-
nrv b.Gttolie ttu_noth.r MGld, th. bsi6 r n&iG friiq f.v of tho
chii\:L.n w r cho6. i[.n om dirioB 'ndThit wlry 1bd tldt .Did@l s.brdor MN of
n dt odlv ohc€ in Ghsir Ph.; dn h,F dr GdioI6 N b :irEI sidr !m. F$lr-
Dd, h'ir' ii ! Dn At of chq rrm is. rnd md-of rh. Mo6lm LeD Rdrd.n,
il:'holiffi to ljl,; ar th. hM f,,s llov.B. rtuir dcidr vd d liL Eovidd
eoui. drd iNehofth e loEd Th. md of tfu rlb:l vbich iiq n..d b dd!
il)9tlmmr of Ahn.d za mdc nDch of .n m oE ooridd sn;s, 60ihd ctlr.h 6d
-$i isohEd si@ti@ @in-! odu Albmis nd@. m in hry mF sp.rfuG A
h f.lloe dr. ddDh .i! ih. LoM in rh. mmi 6d lo*ld it io hn :blooa" 6r i. his
hll6 oI utid.l-dity. tud.d f$iny.'Il @& nmt of IG de
Vdd @6 n! dG Diod ol iftia d .6oc dd misid @o& k .Did rh. Lnlt
lomd ir itif;fr db€ md drrA. In Md- tr'g.rfis rd :vmsin! rr d..i v-l d hd !i
$t iE irtud &bil*. Ther@.$of Mz.-
{c. is . rituel i is in. @@;t Edirion-of
rn. n*d for v.nqdc. The rid ol blood
hiotldhood oaFdfduh@d dle rib.ll
Ffomld
_ by Grh;lic rd Mo6l6 .litr..
Born Gdi.ti6 dd M6Ln! h.lir. in r
no$ of ndevoLni sniu vnicn Dry th. nom"
l@ . $end vft'ir in dr niriqtinr. dd
wlnch cd slmM belcDr iiblY_bv rh. 6.
of nuLE. n@ .vn ,ir6 !i dr @.
th. tlmbols of the gm.nl hongd, jlln6, sd
iniDbnjry wbj.h b6* th. mroEins
rhn dtidl &dor c.rholic rd Mcld
,]il. 1tuibft .m-@lntic ill1d6 o $.Ir
6 by ntgiciq thrcueh ih. rg.ncy oftuir
dd uil clippbg' wNing i[ll.s6, $cb r
umpira iuclitre rl r lict6t blood.
A vrnpir. ;s *id to b€ , humm b.in4
NEl|g bi,t Dm rlqiK 1 wmr vho c;
ch,n6 hd.r into ; iruer rnd dy inio r
bom in vhich h.r vidim is sl*piq, & she
6!s vith th. bloo4 sh. hs b hivt.ry od
ihd io rDir tt oe A sd rho nnd! sch
r p;bbd ;f bloodondi orih L lrlai h. m
s;p tr q :rd k .D ir s in mdd ; eoec
hin @rii" ,mDii6-sd rdddhni lrob
rblv ;Dn. hitriu dd hir Ioilv o tutixtr-
u'hh p6plc rc_hMgry:nd n ir esy
'4
Md d r vith d vbpirt -win of cd;. b!
tll@m vn@ mo6 d. .cddc d ny+
..d@. rbo n r clE. ol dsdr6me id n\.
colmbiiy, md vh@ 16 will ,ot b. Ar..dy
r.li r 2 dild is sufdins from nrlnuEition
ib Dd.nts n.v .sr M. okt wl@ {d
dDi hd froni hd hoNe T[.y *ill rs.
nd-of luliDs lucLd bbon ft6m ttu chjl4
sd forc. h.r b sDit in th. rhndt nouth.
Unds D'le !h! trv r mddv r ord.r
b sf iwry. ff ihe cl rd ftoui, ih.d th.
tudr c sE sh. i i rsDiE: if th. child
AiR sh. M iMmt tor l{i ,pirtl. did nd
s ii. P.0DI. do rd lilt beirc rcrud of
_.s.d
sikhet i,r ot bvins ihtr smd-
borlEd han.d of for dirl sch rai@, Iik
th. vw sDido ielf. r.y E it in hl@d-
Th. Ghs * F.* orhs.rrd !+
turn blood f{& ;ii.l, will ss b lep
th. pecc @ 2 $@. id tte plime ol 6c
.1d6, E*n if rhey ft Dsud.d @ sel
d ih. os. d|w iyin n(;1ilortso the smn..
qhfh is !\. flibol whrch qra tncn Gth
nldiry. Th(i m ,I5o s;r b.r.vs h
onc ud i. diviotid Mm r.6€d i' rhi!
sLilr Ed n\. fuM by obsdire t6. s6.l
boG of fovr od td seNb!;r sh@. I
hrv. vilc.d r Edollrne ot rh. 1,frd.
:fh. bon. hs t6'$.ci:1 divi!i@, .dch of
shich h4 msiq. o' rh. shepk {DUll
tir ioidt irlid 6 tn. h@q snd G dqrfr or
* lhdlowd indisB vheiid ihe houi. v
b. opty o. i of vslrn. Tlis on b€ L$d
b Fridi\i sccs c failu. of doDs. Tlc
ridi. on rh. bldc shos whdh.r or fot doclr
viii nulrirlF Sft'I lrcls d rhc blzd. c
n.d6 aid.th. divind 6 dl how cl6! to
rhl ftnny, i.c,, th. 'now," rh. binh vi b.
hy th. dituc. fe th. $.k.i Whld you
hold ih. bLd. up b rle tudqhr d tmE th.
rhiF md Nidm ol rh. bdios vi! Ell
vh4 bd- vhm dllr vil b! 6ehri@,
OpJqn. whik ooE n@ d.dl md- .r';
pr sition ildieEiwh.rnd ihty eir h. widjn
ar vhhotrr rlr hoRhold of d; €nquiE
All of lhc ndxt r cdc.nit widr rh.
ndntuc of 4trilibrim in Ghe roci.M
Orrhs gi,. rutho;ry b :grm.n6,-rd d-
tuFr dd !\{ qbid i6. mrh-bnrlirq
virr ;roduc.. Bv .kq u of rh. drliiio;
bdei r [nowLJreBlc no dn lnlDft th:
sEk dr sitriB r-his d.iqhbdhm4 md p.
tmir6: h. 6 :lso -NdEE drcjjiotr
Iom kvdinq dlid. foiif h; is r dieinu of
r.pthtioq tGvdds wilt bc betcv.4 Vdy
orm ehr h. rdi6 qil cm. ru,
Sp.cirl ri :l suiind cllDnon m nrnb.B
of borh oficbl r.liEim leE auilbriu
tcr the diss ol biiti ffirirF 6d d.ain.
Atl of tfie rihrL vhicl riD|ie rkir si:l
n,bi6 e of ntrch sEd imDo@ h dr
Gh.E 6d th. ri; oi chuEh or nGque
q hdLrc noi a RU rdru,Ed ro this pdiie
ulqflmof smi.ry- Aroi[d mch nlchmisn
is @ditional hv. codifild rnd Dduized c
th! Lrw of llk DtrLrsia ehid dll@ lh.
nomhtn .frjmd. rcnDrd hrnrC; d th.
3.letion of viv6 rd bwrd 6! blood tc!d,
It $rys to crlvlliu. fom of 6elEvid rd
i.hibii ch@. in thG vho 4 6id.d lr@
childfimd dbcli.v. in i6 infr[ibL $thori9,
 &ill .dodd Delruis ir .hd of dr d- pl* of fddiDg, Iilc rt'd ornd bd nind G
ortgd chic{v in i@i@ i. ih.,!d, or Mla, fo@ dE dbbid.ftd {d cMh.ed d.s:
i6 ir L mJ rdiliit !,of, b ouddG d6 6 .6. @bim.ls clottilg by vhic[
Si@i@ hou.fd nN @ d. G@@itld Iffi di. limir .l
or iiis-@i.gd inmnEnr dd limdid6 .Figf,t his ftd Cnni.l rd politid rfini
rbr@hout di. dkht wd6 tlN tb. trIs:
dcdil thci' dcdoa {d mo or ttun @- An of tns culbtd lEchoitr b.l@ b
BFDoftid lv 6i@ ddiioml Er f'E Mdlm sd Gtlblic virhdlt di*i!.ia
.nd'r tud;d v&bdrry rhar d cm Tta brl uo bv ilr.!. lFu d of r[.
s. w !Di& s th4 *!i. dd Ec o[1 *oii."n u.k ih. FDd ir! !o @
;B vEbdfi. I- .. ,Lhd bn d' .l!eh4 ""d d nor "d
&r i[r Alb@jrEsi tld rh.t
rnty tm prodigid Dmie Oslailging IEiou' Th6r ru;'fi c *holosiql
li.s of Einf.Eiro ih. h!bi6 otr6.hrvit be
Dic Nic 6rd r[c Hiohltld S.or ifG otr; vbich rft .lmEii E6L nrinns tMr !i.
ini ft. b b@ic d..rL lor Pfiidr th.y ,,y iErl4 b th.i 6virt@d ud s str hdi
Ir;r pcy d.2rly. It n I pe ol d* whoL cm !d&!mt o N pG.d $!dl'.
 THE HISTORYOF MATSIA E GHEGNISE

r rsrORY a tl* ljr.blood d dholdDhv, XorF in t!. eu4 lmEd d.qtr v dubio6
a,i ;r;6- orN.F
N-i',hi. d.pdiL"H. basdnni-bni1
-tl.,i-r,lii"*
a-,-n'l-.ii"wpu!Gt 't''-a.sr.;.'- d6db. liLhic,g. d'dr 'h:!. of m Por whch @uld
. cnltG. EIi@-pfr.R : snd p.opL Ue ;6 a $.! brk bdolgcd b e lm Aga
h"* nu;-.*-dFv ti,J-ologicll B|lnk Ag. frds tEr rcody ba ndc
nts rh.v 6Dlov'b -.,mk "ha th.n rdjcmb Lr od vnnin otr Eftn'ry' A hoM 4
ro rh. bi;qD:, fw th.ir rsd i6 3ia orsr rou'd od s.!o&' h! q'""d'q P'1"
r.(LwhlLodfu iGribtioa hlv. {iro $ong hB 3J1)M Age sd 6 oI I tt?t *Ns R
r.r dde fd eovtuc tor f@jgd PhHiciu c .rid @
'r;
iLoo*. t6. o"i"-t""t-.t dtn b(bdE idh'hEs o! th' M'dicrluo
Ji.t+. -aelt[.,et trl' i,*t dia thrL 'i- LdoJ:l lthd. dM fding birmd d'g_
"*u tf,e hie groovtd h:fr holc n '
or rh. hntrim liis b. hoE s ld
brs i' @dcn.! wirh rhe n@ ooy $mr or bc
rti6fm@n riE H. mid sd.( only Lh@ .iPdiv. brou h
i;
.';;;;; ddlEt b hj' Dmblaft bt vtrlF mv hrv. Erch.d dt moullff
"hicfie ,i;;.br- i, L;6"d d,:x dibsm b';de bd i, is unrt..rv.h{ th(
w en rhour th. dqin of !h. Ch.g FoPla Pl'o.nicj$ dkndeB w
i'.;idl,i.llr; it;a- ,t'"';6di'ii .id6 d dEn,'hiF-d,*d in dii ddoLF
;@-h.ld. ln. d,;., pl,.* .r disn dd Eson sy l.ngr tltm o!c':s'ry'-
nhw-ql .hdcdi$i6
-d ofmv dsidd who
Ii"'""r,*ii.Jia tJ si',*'dl.F L s bior_ r the hishln& Thisir nd ror b& or
ljiir'"oGi-i" iJ*; t" R rh@rodcd Frrch .ie.i nmb* or
*;ld Ui.. b k"w whd &d o-ddor
*hd mr Ircd Ag. i@doc h
k.-
hlE r*Ltt **thk dunEY .Ewtu in Lhd er' ThE si6 @Gin ol
imimE
'"di;
':;;*
Th;* blspfi;;;ydD orlv -""- bc tintr (M-
b. ardy mnri .s!ch g*ndu& h'E b'n d'
Ei.d. Ai!@
@i.d. n FricDl'iY
EricDl'iv {hnt-*-tbout
lihd tb.ut aeEd in Hci (Mdsir Mrdhcl DGIL.di
*,ii
due! {lt Fanph.d t*
f'fu shi.h
shich '
(r]iabi,. l:LNa)' Mirdi* sd Mrii rhc
h,"J*"Ld'rs
-illi"--[.*or'J
uE-$rl!d d,n ehdnn oE
Eibrl Gl$inn lsm tl'.
oa lrm dI. n'in m:6i.1 End.d iion d'm ! d R€u
,ltud
ed of hffi
hlffi niBr;rid
migr;tic rd o ml.rc.
cdtul.G Hsl&@.rtP. in he
hrv. rle hjddo jtn rM
nnd hd.
lu; IM ft .vc ol
dlr .YG of obrd f6m nonh of th' Drin ;e idolel
i#r;H
.hMichq hlmp.ring ;;''i
ffifi"s a R[ ,r.. th. ;*..r
ftlt-or *ih d..e?. rmn crdinicdd
fr'kh,.ologi6 AmdlY e. knop knop .dhing
ndmg Dolk Dolie t?''p@-d
si6 or lh' HrlLEe cien
wh,.olo?i!._hnod AmnV
$or is
_"o_"li-"*
!b@t hs -hi,od brLr.ih.
brLr. th. l_.o
lrco Ags
Agr iatid in Bmil'
O'lvon i,i'ir'. FEihd m d"t'-t
Da the r.:'*. Richbr'r' Ttn did.na dntutr Lh' or Fdkim
rbjr;b llrv. fo6d rnv ;'a-.
'- or
didac' of nn'i*i*" irD,rb.ch.s cou$t'v$ ! Fn-ora. vts
"u"ill "-i."i?,iii-".' Altrii, H.
in Altriia di.oEEd
dicoEEd I im don.h TMothdsoi ri6sPPor
erc
Ed. roponcy
oco@
I l|@.M
fm.D of ior|lfd
iorlftd flin-
flinr dR.tly und.r
und'r r !hi5(wluiod s! '6'j t' hG d noe
;;?:;
D iioT.m nd ,*d b.d {
* M,l,
M:li D,i"
Driij iid
i6-dM' o!6id. d bn*!,gt :nd or nodF .dl$
iiii.1 Trd
aXimi. b notrn & $li.i. *",t'.v
iii- ;,'^" dr.t i'''Y rh.-ctrs hnsn+.1'Pold b!'v olq
;:
td. nd gufinB
*fii"B -i'i,"Jriu-.
PicJd, in 2
Pi@d, er n r{
: ow bci6ll} r&t thr odv Mmr
fllvri'Fin
"-
:Htr"i:i"r$ili' s!#f*s#tffi.."',JilJ;l-*"I:
:l'ffiifl*6'iq :q""***, * " *fs.i!ffi#*jff ,$lF#
r'l-Jll'd"Yl*-^l:;;3f,'ii:L*,', Hl"-*
tin m. {id.ly spltlt grory. G. S Lt- FoplB of Emts ne Nddic Hoe.vd, o
iBria d MrAid or rhe bEl !ais. wd
bE hveDtdic :rne iruUi t?w tui mi-
puq'.*i8bt sidNrl4 bmid foFhedi dd
i! th. oc ffplc io vbjd lh. M|] bi4
L! g! , 96' t i d e e td 4 l l fu d &u d 4 l h.v. b€ @i.d. r l@ ud r@ilG n*.
Tn* r Ar shllt .r Diiriid ,;d Ehbl.
Dfq46'.,'AldEPfut6iqmP'i!.iPrd!-
'JnnofRodtdE'fug.{qwfugh!fudo
H&fu!*qG3qNqi4lorlTqltd
bd[ in. Bmu. A$ Din{i: sLnlls froo
$d@' b@ l l 4 q 1 6 n u fr| l j ' n i J . CFq id d. B.I 3.rld Didic mir
fo;h &ly Bmu. &. siB in Gtrw.
AI of iitr .vid.ne;hicb s. hd. indidc
infuGllE.ofubPLydPrnb@Lbge tb4 cle li')slln of d. Gl{imc HDL
Llgqg?w i ' h i ' o d ry ' rJ l l o u g t6 c !d wm d. Ery oG pho setil.d Ghe.iia *
boluDd@!gd6?oi3i4d?vcdlllyk We luv. .@ tuon b sDD@ thrt t ,
d@6 of tE Gheg" n r\;1s t6 y.s
d4.Eth6Lfu.adegb'htqegv 6dc tb. Cbrinim.!, th.i. pi@
Mqdd&ditr|8.lyfrologldfuoqetd
!dio4
Me w, nlrA nk the t.oth uhon ;dtitu
J ' 14@F fu i d 5 o d ' 0 r@ d & q i g d A -
btu iocl !tur r.fo Rofua, t{ srDiq M. Laried i^ the y@rtetl 4 e],;M.
'4 tue, TnL m€s thn rm@ ihe Gh.R chmcG-
ueTurdLmcElddoweba inic Dtrh6 Pd. eG:!r rrm 6. b.simbr.
i'yL!!!lFoPqMqlfuid5tErty,{fu" bn Fobably a: i rodty in poiuraioi"
'h.
Slch erdul ottrN6 of mdirl cDltu th* th. Gh.6 e sdl livi@ in th. H6I5@
a Nope md t&berludt hre. en lud.d rht r@ AE, this r.c th;r no nn.old
ib. d*4\ in iheir toolr :gricnlhral inple chr@-hrrt el6 ohe in rh.n Ech;l@icrl
fantu , cdM6, dd nd oth.. D'oc&6. rI thc fuErc h.d i6 6 ;ood
'rnE,
@llaolo€iel dd'ik E *n lrltns inth.,klL iquimnr fd tiuiu ihc $iL Droasi@ aoo&
ri'j'i bnjrdhg hod4 €,iis ddrr-@, {
A si.gL cffclNim i th.refd. a Lgitime rb. dod.n MomEin Gh.g5 rld dky 9E.
I n is obvio$. Tb. Mt'jB 0f Gh.sni' $le to drloit the lsddscrrr i@ 6.6ci.ndy
@d. lii efi..litdt to6na4l dwdg rhe s ih.i o;dcn d6c6drii< TIE nllls {il
n tlh ctui.t at th. tu n eni@ Aat lplud D:ffA of Gh@h cdrd dru; hrE
cr'n. ri. Dion.6 vio root (fu th; M- bald s &ae s e@ohrioi thm s od,v
!.d tra&e; w flvriN vhd aodr irh* {snn ;, omd h. ordc ;hmr
(*ia '
;n@ hib.h. lorlvd sine th.v hd uouir of .oMion, The modoi!
.hdiliv;d i' B@L rd MmeEsrq thcy Gh.F Brindd.n 8ou,nd ful d.n clotfi itr
v.r. .lr..dy .diNEd b If. in rhii .nurm- njih oMEd bv wu M, Thir ftj.@
2 c@id mom; of hsin .n rsy for otid
Flfutlr tfi. ndidr derrEd $ G,e ptrNi6, Th* niUe nw h.rc 6er indc'
t@c'ill. do. rit of rh. IIlvriD Ildlsob dtrc.d dEr th. iririn $trl.nmi Wrrfd:
olft. incluie .telm s v'.ll 6 2riifc, {hich n 2 chd{inic dchrin of Dq '
Th. ddi. oI rlis c.m.t ry is n.tltE lom ul.tion conNl in nphnd Gh.snir, h6_.!i.
ud@on ch,E6. Th. Tr& iftr.duc.d
cltrV ihf the InEirs w.E Dot I hmG bdh fk:Jft d(ith. or sore c6tk ( F&
rdcdiB 0€61. in rh; E.isl fta Th. n:ioriN 3, ,), s.rPoG of orl&
'.r4 md def.6..Thn
;f th. d;ol| a I@ I'od.d. (@i* ii cmbinrion ftd nurd.r.aid thf bdoE,
ld 2 cort.mDonriui.ti6 "'dNordic Thir
ot Dd tut hlc helDrdrtdue rh. Darkid.
is not s+rifig si;e ncr of th. IM A€! On the qholqih!-forc6ld itudidi r. of

'wdbcnrryrF.Nrd rMb, eF jo:

'o!
 d,. l4d ad dt@€ of nupokr Febrbtv Rn EIimG rnd thc. of th. chqs Ulwj@
turdb:lued ah odd_ - d. p.opr. io b.tu k rom.il by i ru_
It ,lN h.v. bL.o $Brl qtui6Id thc tu d d4 2 .t6rE. shlq i. BeIr
PideB b .x!t@ o.ry vrner, cboG. rh. *d\ ll:|'l]r€lc dE €bl Nbrniu dib6
frd heoPalr si.s, 6d pat r[6 inF cdri- vhich rc sundurt by th. Mzcdmi@. d
r.tiod, In r f.v @i6 @ t5 ffonbL hm of qhm rpoke .2 Ulllrl@, H. es
ldds rhjch could !trtl@ s !hs.r ooout& tbn 3om of th. tribc w-cd5adv *[-
rior wodd.I5o h,v! $in d4d, Bd b; rh. hg io g:id cmcol mr orhdi bri rl,t rh.
b.gimirg of thc Cbrtstim da tn !io. i,lE tuMmn plt 0 rnd b dn ;erty, In
]r' ih. nd ouuideinAu.@ r[4 oI Roma md.
jb.U felr on rh. fad of dr ch@ nftn-
r 63 M. M&edmi. be0. 1 Rmh Dsinne
Tb.r rhe anhtr|l6oid 816 e;tLd dr
hia ihn rtsi@ rt rcn h* b;n poP nodm Ghqs ir.oR trc b @n d bv
ot*d b iE t)t!gt6Fid, Thi n.r dur rh.n G or ihr qord p./ti, rdjr) for .ld.;
6@ M ndmD rdRd;6 d uyo.. .l!? d. bbd lrm. In .hil (. jr,lli,, th. GEL
b stL vidd em.n inrcid F;d sirfi nonituriv. plmD, rd oNblv ri. tdbl
.m.d inrcio4 s l@y h.rc dicov.r.d, rh, @. Motoln t,u!ue. tu;nsidt..
Gh.p nomsis & t3id b el. Sbho IFB r @d 16@ c th; D2rda-
BDtagiouy th. siErificfe of .hn is of is b ilE nordld the cle cMw. on
mE. dur qhn. dr originrl sfrLh of os th. KNno ptdq b.eodd 'if ih. ;B 4iah€
Gr nst hlre bm r nir.d lor n\.y vft oI ln. nrr Drh,r seibo oftidr;d rh. Dr-
probsbly rbl. o 6I dkir mmq/ stil prog- tus s utulr s@. FoDh. tivim id biB
uds dmghills fd p.-tri'8 s;ng.d" iciru.
by dd&F b inqd. rh.n diba. Th.
ri,idiry of thd @ mdoubr.dlv iuviiN Ihnhed Ronc virl r d.udr l;ii;
tlm Bdiq vhjle .th6 m:y [a. bs fu colnE of rhc Dudds,;hi.h rhe
ThncirN fron ih. Dbis b the nordl*. Rodrft o4i44 m {id b b. havilv
R:ciily th.y wc Eob$lv r nimfr of foffid uD b dE n.iehborhoodof Nsr ih!
Nordi6. M;diffidrc rdn rh. hod.b Nn, so mDoiEnt.Grcrds o; jn
lid:L 6MhyephrL f'm rh.5m -{&Lric
@ioc R{llM drc * bd.y, I+tu rfi. H.miq vho
fd Pontic M.niiil!frru r!1n rhe Fi(ii. d r cc:d. the@h dn clMd n th! md
borddlrds. Thry vd .bL @ sw ir tlEi. ol dE I I rl, sbry- (r, lo0r l i2r ). idt.d
om E n tjc itric rnd etudue rh.n ()m 7 djy! $mqh thii ro@ ad 6.rnv €chld
Nli vh;.h hi foMd b be d.f.ndrd bv mn.
Roiu ru.J]oE hee;m.h b sv rbou th. $i\ md b tuvt 7 s{a FwEd ei:tn l
FplB .I tud Gheni:, bDav.ry Udt In i717 | &i&h Ev.lq (L.dv Mfv \r,..d-
ley [ronh8lJ foond dl. foH nilt di4, rd
l6e h ra siaifdr AI of Gh.on .r- inr*d pirh 9n$ of bmdiE'o Id r30onlcn
ert for th; dftrm Dd!* of Mrti dd or this foE s6 dill Lfi *hln dre gqhhn
DibE fo@d . rd oatlE @inc .f Dal- p.'s6 Ndrd 4iffi th. TulG I.d bv
tud,. vhile rtc. 2 $dioir of dihs DIs rahg.orx.. AU or1* n4 !h{ s I@;
wh{ is n w c.nnl alhiin wdr q M;G .h. phin of Old S.rbir e6 forBtd, d\d m
.toir, Th. DB.dt Tct colnq ws @ of Mn in h for p.opl. to *pdd, Ir FE nd I
tDiru, *hiah nA m6idcr.d itieirci fbr chE of poplhridn f'm vhjch Le. nis-
dee.. Wlil. th. pEd.c6oE of th. TslG doa corlil 6i i.id(.d

,soh.ii clo€spr4 B@* r, P.ir, ur6 ki

vlm qa rd Dd;,c{ . {f t t h *d l n d l E *e b E d & ! d k e
ira Dr6h ns;&;@d iL dtr e DE
d 6erb eod! d@@ !p ri,. ro. ts
 -l1E .vid.ne & .Gl|at rj.t in Rotd hrl Fr b t[. nor[. r f,ishrry @r.4d
m dr qaEpbidl _d* dhiio! of Lbd, bY
s.oir (z.nss) i6 sth of Fi@i witbs's
M of ihjah mrEll].s dchrrs.d (Zisb d Darbv) .!d thc mc dM &
tf,.n nw cEirl fd to6d Fo& i! Srf. Fru SFrr'M isDlir) bo t PE D@
bor&@ ruL* @wn5 hld ir.rdi b.sr nbh b cc ih. wcEli.d m RM FG
sioe di. rld ch..ol@i6l EiGid in nd. Th. Yi! t!dt, rcrN enel Ar[,na
Alhdrln !i6 ir .ithd of *niA Th$citdr ofidd I lot@ ouk to Nil. fd n l]*rdium
d RlM na[f.duq .nis s'tu nG b'E (8idi) n ;d r dstr I dd going
dordr ud $$h. o* bMch of'!g16 vbich Fs.4
b*n in foc tlm the b€ai@ ol ih. IllF
iin $id.td On thl Artri'E-c ,i& of itr€ vir sopi {sLopljc), o UpiD,
nMu6 $nl R(fu DG bra
Eldia _d_4.@o
kn llErd Nlwoleielv cdDt.lobL of the EioE mB Altho[gh
(vuldt'i!k,j, mi[ or Sc6;), qnm (r$F dE Rol])s hrv. Icd it h @u. thE
lik), rd Inillrd Gb.llia in puls) '! Th. ir UfrL.vid.re'Nt ol ir lcft-bdan h d rd
RonEc *o ddpild sdi*i (s@dE), Iah h.v. h6 suiFbL fo. *lsdcd h6q ld it
(Lis), md ou'. (Dttuhju), .nd @n_ n n|!Iw. si*i&, dd !l4 codsLiq i'
iEEl rh& r rultt d)s[ Pith r rod. pbB or 3r0., h;! i! t& iocll d buift or
Ar Du@o this rord 6m!n lrsrtd llm il'm. Foi 2 .idnB d. dFLs frN hrR
thc @s! ud wf rc6 c@ty, folding rLor r Ghd nol;Ei! Gn@, Thn tl@
ntE tlffi db h dE Dinic chrin nold of ,hir d,. R;* DE ha* ldr fdi6.d
ttr Gdf oi aorind\ od to LychnidB d oriffi ld $& M@ rt. 6n ni{hr
Lk ochri&. Thi l lhwv stirt d ba did would uL. rfim b Aerir rc.r,), ih.
M EvtE t[. Ghls;od;ric scitrs thc !@dd & c@6i u .irtrd th. Ndt
Bl'ch Drin je olh of d'c ptMt db{ SDdh c Etrrhi m tlE htlr buL .f rh.
Diir r In ril6 h.lov dE mft.G. 'lh.
anod;r d4 hde, lu niehl dc ihird niclr e.uld Et dlnN@t!.DI'ia
tls nNhiB frm Lis (Ith) nth of rh. d dr -*w b tndi:L Ronu iEtad@t
Drirr: It DawiY lolN.d ihc M. m'F * G$ddn sos;qh* ^rd Comi c ze
c d. Ddd.in rma ehich lod flm v.u i in pc.nti.y Hs @;bry, t y l;v. bEd
D@i& in &diim b l,lll4 irK th. Mr! i Zi
2nd'dom b ihc 5.dr of the Blr& Dri' i6 _'rni.. oE thit rc.4 vth
ni. l@Dot ol Eoods
. lhd &he solth of iE cmnll.G sdr Drcc6ed d ed Ew
tlE Whie Dar. Thn ro'd follos ttu sih i.d.ls *6!'iErir!
tu idn -tnhi6.d r :ftng 'F
brnL of if,c WhiE Ddn fo. dou l3 oil6 i.dpHriod b rh. nounbin d o .irh.i side,
4rtdr point th. dtr n*6.3h'+ b db Tha Rffi nsr hrE tot n !u.rd.d lor
odr@ic nb6h€ wodd' I'm- hd 6y.
In Ro'm riffi tlE omt y b.yond th. cdtd nd Eos, dd tuo$ mDn fric
@nft.E of rh. 2 DriB e;' ps of tlE .diadd hffi it$.!dd $Enry.0d 6.
Ndte ol UN MGi& Th! md on- lo.rl Dauhim ftrbrD. tuy oI tf,. eldi6
iimd nG dir Drdine b ehm ox.d scc daiEd rlm Ghe d16 r fioft dF
'
IJlDim h d. R&ore Dltit\ Probrbly nd dc flm rh.n o*, Ev4:d smd
d. nodm tod or Pristuiu. iM UPBD h.rc bd d$id; !d w mv @d 'lN th.t
n v..i d 6 tlE MonB' nlla vhet it rh. aMic errn of Ghanit i.un. sID
ql,i mer.d driro Rm;n dN ddo d.
ftch.d tIE nrer d Nri4 tlE nodd citlr of
Nit Thb rdd lA nor th. dly Rmrn h'gh- hichwtr Thi, woJd rf.a pdmiFni ih.
wy Phich ctcd th. DiEic AIF rmm th. EiC. oi FlrLa :.rG s6icn mich ofihi Gd
Ad;hri. ifto th. rod.m cis of Ni!. It B N .!d rl'o th. tib6 of Lmr .nit [lc.
dly m. of I n.ihods 6f g.Eitrg fsm ivhictr n &ic.
rh; Adnrd. d o rn! DD$. Ellry od_ Ale! dr de.9 of ln. Wem EmpiE th.
tr$4[dd' | fl ' m9
 rmd rN Mv. ben nah l6s pe@nik4 for th@ of ri.ir goodn rnd rcduc.d drm to d-
tha E no oR .irld b l..D n uD or ord
E FDnh.@ shc loodr ;oold c@i oE Du'iq rhe'SlrvicEiod n s ftcly rhr thc
of Mcid od Drcir viuld m 6 B]adu innd.6hd sm. .trdi udon di. p.Eic
r.thdr|id 6 Ptra In ih.-4rh fd'Jrl ec cohpffid of rtu noufu i.ople r;shlic
tuiB d,.h. Cods mrm ps of ..fun Imq $ch d orGll e como! @uh i!
Gh.Sni., ud ddirioB rbout rh.m lm.in id Gheni4 the si.s d*iory hd f* to
th. sib. of Lla shc !@. .r the mrih- nuch of th? tuEr, rd sl.vic @ch h:d
& .ffi my hiv. *rd.d, In
drfekd dm ud cliocd ^.r
Jrt, Jdirid
Gh@jr lor rh6
a l4idoble .tei d ih! Albrnio
ur!],. Thn v6 nor, hNRd, x irtstu
ilgl}

*rifi'?di'ir" hvGioo fron rh. eEndDointof bd@dl in

i* o.,u a," EGt on\lE rh* folriw,l
dl6c ovit dr hfu mrd "t.r,.si! n G"l.- h.iehr Dui@^ ri. bri.f Hiod hwen .!E .nd ot
.bonr .h. 4r[ Hmry of th. qrtdd ixr, n\. Otd-SErhhnE;piE rd d!. riflc of rh.
thli .n eib@ln on .ftnd rid. of n mry Tul1 th. Gh€ l.fr.ld. Th. Turk
hr.bmtdcmE ed b qriltidjty. Con- blBr ih.ir invGm '@of Albmii * rh. 6d ol
tuid. himdr. n5. 6F Oritim dtrea th. rarh entury, ,fG n\. b.dL of K6ow,
nrv hr,. Dasd iheuh chr@ia id l; ft in 1339. Thry tu! in brd. rn tlmid$l.
r Li:rdmi.lq urtift o? Ni!. bd 6ri rmrd sdnderb.sn (GroF Cbrdn), ih! oG
of Chd*id 6rblisbmnb io th. moulic ImoB of rll Gh.6 He sd hn locKE
is &Ed rr 377rr vha ihd tu dsrdy. h.ld rh.m of tr.; his roIc .t ksia (d
hthop .t Pulai, md bv tf,. r4tfi eoq E Crora) miil :fd raTq tbe d.e ot rhe idl of
h.e nf 2 bshopn.l tu&l.ffi M.iod fd Scubi. Tlrc Tnrra nad eoi .mF.l of nl
Pliibs MinoE vhich IE itri&d in th. hiE hddd, sll of Mirdib rd
rt20, Anoth.! bisl'opric hd iB si ir rhc Dulsciitr "ds.
dd ffi ot;dE bnc r$jmd
vilrer of Dri$b lDlirhti). in Pdip'! Gtho-Lc drodhour rh. Tukirh @od. Rc-
E ny in th. 6th dbry ti. ntln SI's mrni@ C{tholic ndr r[* thq; qE. ibL
inPd.d dr B1lld*L A cmEry hs 5d. ol & lc.i n\.ir omtry lft of Tiic. Ir
n mt tlut !\.y unrly syed d hom, IIov- "ls
sdo tlroqh rh. Dd! cde j.to Gha E sr, mrny oa6. chlirj$ :d.pEd Mclo
ribry. Drob;blvfollNi@ ih. old Rm:n_rcrd. nrlE which th.y u!.! vhd th.y Lft rh.ir
rrl.;;rnrr i ih. Adri;ic t srin Dddirr tibrl &ditory b isit tEl.r rouN, md this
izd bv ih. Sl.vic Dn. of rh. st Zlilri@ mom % fin (die d ii r9?9.
t; rnd r;Dhd of othd plc tl:lc. For t00 All of thr G[q_rno vc one.red io
6 thc S.Ibim hn6 ndnbin.n . .@inn Islo did rd clbr. tlEi.6jtt dmush r.c*
;ure ovd rhL ndl;j! @uEy. Nd .nd sity. Mrny of drn ew FId dvmbgs i,
ih.n rh4 dtuNb.d rn. Gtft6lic Nbdnir r.ki.g d$ shift A M6lm @urder.y r gur
D@uknt! s in lrrt, vlE dE Td DBhm
i{i"t the ori|iddd n@ of Dsldi:' ; vill #ih.yu; oudlw H. cotrIdtd.l
A. hnd or rtu e LF or som;q d d.. dqhr in Tlrlish br;bry vidld havin' 6 v.rr
6bh ol dr Rfi in -rh P'n:d bLhop e rbdt b.iN cruhi md h! ourd o6bin mne
with n khhdirg Alhrnim dinid. 'lmga
dd ..6dnic ;dq;bF mr hi! chrs:n ftl;'
nMb.r of bdd.trd vh@ ffid r..d Ert tied, rho$ nniA ulitc hk
mcll lilc rhe m oDr ndumdt hldl6, 'rm@.nu,
oNL orcdtred r r.IsioB-@nttd. H. onld
B.M.n rl72 dd 1,127,"Hel€!r, widot of ioin tit Trrliih mi- od rt. to fiteh d&r
SEf" Dshm. :nd hd roi, Us! lsicl, ;w Tut{ti 6dL RE Ab$nni ori*
'v.ed nGt hiftdly th. c.rfioliq rnd.poitd Alti.ilB b.c;. ligh cN o6cirk, On ol

l.M4 lf l' F: |, ' ' : *

nf'Ird'ID'DEa4'EI!'h!'orydfu nDuhd!l'3,'F?H,
|L|htfuebFI;'gdFsrfr:y'Fo'F|e
dlm Imd.d rh. qrl hoG oI Dredr-d.v dEn l@l gdd86, Swid! did . hqr?
F€l?i Th. Tul€.ipftirEd dj; Albuj;
sDt.c rd ErcEd M oe.r hry osG pituh.nd bnlboid, omE holld b.lis, ad 1
TI* i5 m r@n vhy thftefoe\s of Al- ir*d{-hotr, F{dids ms b.c:ft nnch
bcltG @ stnr M6l@ ud why -albdi' .5id rnd M Ldrl AfE 6l!r@ rnEd
llllj'trd s l@ r DM oI dk Tuliih EtrDni th( t ri,, or M. srla A}fidgh thir drt
Ah\owh dtr_furk3 pob.bly did nd'dd
mEh E6+:lty @ ti. Gh.s popoLti@ p66iih. s€i 16 of nf. d; tn. mv

*hich Dry h!ft hd som. .d6 d n. I. ;a N@ tnrt dE Ghs w di'id.d nb t

rlrul dr Tulr dut Nd Wodd D]nE mlaios crcua dd f,ld E@ dl. dalh Fi.
wh;il .h. B rff, ,lthousi i $m iLc ffi h&i iniEasd T rnll3 $€ftrc
rd befoE 13t0, Tb?y rddld miz., hdicd ,..lmcd for mc of rb. popuhion lN.
b44n dd eb.@ b rhc li* of pl,'6 vhich Thcy ddaoyed dl it. b*E of noin Abdir
eould me in dE erlkE 4d on dr nou- fron Dll@o e Scldilr lrd oti6 n dr
Ein do;a M@ rd h;mr b.u Err thm mounEiN I w.[. Eor .l{ple thrt dnggd
n v f;dsntrr bnr it is qdioebl if rneY rh. h:itinz Im of !\. M of Drilhri i! t@
Yi.ld no& c.lod* @ .@ rhd dr! dlid EiB rh. -st of r .dy brhopnc,
_ b Sd*i,
imdffrl hid rird b@d-bff. Tobro wlid. d,.y b.hd&d 6.n',
ovi ft DdnEin.6 : n.w hrbit snd . w Msrcn ,.d digntion ftdtred thc pop
;.d. sd r&o. csh cer, Ontir{t btrlnk nrrnm .f drin $dioc of Gh.g.i1 b.lov
of (h. Likd. erf, t[.ii dc Tdc
Droducd ; Dohibnid .s.i.i^lieion
DorL. rrd d.- i6 $nLmhr in ihc F $r Imd Ag., rhs
idEd ih& cdlc o!-r inipoffi rood opding th. lry 6 n.v ilmignoE, Ttc

Bsidd t[6. aricnlhrt ,nd di.dry H.drs.vi@ qlltad ou by tb. Tulilr

clva6 th. Tul,i i_n@du.d dr, or iffi, qpui;oa rd iGculdy d th. lngeld
,lnt th. moE hY.Ld nr& MGld 6- b.s€ Tuk dd sl,s,
ibry. Som. of the ,m @brblY 'n o@PY Tut&h er SLric hur rh. MB .1 rh.
rh. 5;n. loEtiod a Roro hdL Tn. pn; pEshei. DopdrioE nil s.dda i Liinized
idi@ or ,rrii (imlaE), rd ltaii (tutu ion or u-Fir^ ud Grholic, ItsDech rnd
of honB) Rm b h!;. bd TuLsh me r€liEioa di.y fomd 6.ds.lvd f hom. in
tuio6 h Tulih timq naw Atbdnis
n6Ed b orhd couFe, rcB of ltl(rllsd5 Md oI d.m uivd dui@ th. l6th 6-
e;t o dr PLin of K(xlm, se@ddy from w. rn rh. ,,tar ol Gmdi Mis D@n,n
the Gh* co@try, ud msv 066 b C Gaq foind too how, 30 of old iadig@u tuclq
dcE rtreE shll AlMrid{eiliE die hcing ih.n ucEy b B.rishr (Pulc). qhil.
bicu i Anim rd dk P.loponid, -Mdy rh. orhu 4?0 wa irhrbied bv tsoDk qho
thN.nd' mdrd the Tutisi ,sn dd nde ini r;oD in-
otLr sovM $Fic MdvhiL, h ni€ru6. srbd Dj.lt sfio lf. dom hom
of th.iEmdr oI CnsdD Albdin, 64ing H.P.Sodm .b@r ltro. A r.w rs
ih. :aak, FitLd itr IEly {d Sioly, wb.i! Lu. r !.st 4 brothd ^,D .dErd rhc MoLi. .
tlEir dddndft $:u minbid dEir 4hnic M!dIE oudy Lon B@4 ti.y wr C.g
'-i;;;r" 14 oc.fu of th. Pidi rib. h M.n6
,h" n ."tur inre n€do rtid is now Srvic id @ch .nd
dcion ol the Tsls. "h,r.
-d hoNr, ws-6ffi, Ofu'oaoi in r.liSio!; vGo La dic ,l]dor
GllMitlE ii rhc tuhr btu fdnd tt. of rhr simnr 6h. of Vdoj.vibht Kmi !rz,
noudin* eF 6 oboid lh. DN gapd fcd6r of thr ,,tra ol (r5jqi n M'l!i' e
qhh rhich tfid odd d o'Jy deflnd th.! J,*.vE;{6 of vh6 e nd M6Lm. !r-
hom nlcF fri,m inwdes, bui rlso vdk od tlmuglt 1f.w r C.tt'otc. Nik rh. sc6br

- sc ri4?r, 84 PPde.
of NiL.j, @y hrv. bed .ithd 1 6iih bothcr Tulrs, @ flm difdd! pb6, Th. !a-
Dl. of ToDlrrr w
_tuehold d.m s t[.il tjtd
Th. For,L ol Shktdli .odEisia r qtola ;ouEin ll1n V@i6i-r.h in
,aiEI, * sid b h1ft com lJm16.i.6 MmH€s_rb;ur-1450. khg pgli.d or by
ffie $o 1600!rd Elan o€ . v'll9
bd b.d lilt d ofi ,!d of PEni {ft fod I io'@: Kffit! Md-
e|iN cnu.n, Shld Kdli (Si ChdLs' hm. tui ud i'dis.nos da. Tf,G of Kni v@
Snlldli) dMo'.n. Tbr.. nun&cd ot of flm Kmtu -:nd loJc in Mo.r.nEm. On
Jm nou6 ir Kifri c sid b b. ddeddd budrd hoM oI f{'i;r papL G;dd ro b.
from . ns srbd Dctq wlD cn. frd ah. d6and.d fron l ilailid- of NiLol bv r
Kuch, Egio' of Mirllragrq virh ls 7 soG, $rFy. md E ql.d ritrn Th! ir the ;nly
H. d, ho\@, ftpEd io h'e. b.a dF isde knoM of f!tuj. d6@c ud indi-
lsd.d I'm B.rLht the oldd ldD*o fJ in aG rh. El4iv. $cirl stu of th. .I.gd
Albni& Th. 4 d?.Ar of sd@, vtrldi BoBr,
rnd Nilshi in Kldi de n\.ir dffii Th! Iuos irBim of th. Dd@in brdi-
from 4 .os ol . nd elLd lcitdi who fcd E, shGh Sh'1, Osh SFe, :nd-x6hr.a
fr.m drc nekhhorhmd of cBinjr.bour r.D. Nbrblv .Mn took DLe b.foE th. B6ist ni@-
ii"-j ri*h,-.r.i,- ,.- r,.--th"
A! ol rfic i.nrbibc of Mdsb . Mad[. do ?dill! tubbiN nld J*oa vhm th.y
not chin d@t fm thd. nv.ditrg :c l'm Dd oI rhr lD.l Eib:l conf.d.@, Mi
toE Th.n d:ditioc ft so mirnt th.n i.ro';du nm.d l,t-i* ,,'d c rh.ir honn.
ltrrl@id eo .Ld, rhd * emd ddbr In s.trL i[.v r $.bcd b h1E foud lmc
ih.r rh& rvsioB ooh Dhe. or 6t dni.r sir, dlrk'podi'eirh whom ilry DU-
poDubdd Niv.i. In druda 30 h@ b! nun.d A ls of tf,G rd sy.d or! end
loriqd o th. B.ri5h1tt , in Uori 1 rEI tld n $id 6 h. 3 hds of ih;r r AbiE
nuibd of M, d:b.rkic, -hik ludn d Thc in hau Shd! {n . rh. d immiPMEd b
n scoffi inMdried d@ Th. d+ Dcneni- Th. MirdiD bttim f;md i[.
'i!t
seddffi of the 2 p.pdniod.ld.ns till Dbri xnd lr D.@1. rn.rd of thd,
inlffi Epul,rlv. tto huJ Fd oft of one rditid;rG6 ihdth. DnLgin rai"Ar
rhr J00h;66; K;@d d. peinruioll. rd of MirdiE did nd sEY lo@ in thd ftw
aa eid n h. or slcqic oririir. R.ci inclodd 6onq bs wth ilE Tiitd Idd Etr! Sifui
r fN ho6of dg. Jrk;dof n\. PoPurl_ nd t|m midi'g the !.igbboring nmEis,
iioq li[. Lra.hiM d iu 5ctu Eh4G
Ircm Shblo rd Pul:ri. All in M:lsir. f.m ehich th.y did mr tu io Mirdib
M h. sns ro hrE hon ih. btur 'll, of thn util &ua r6Ja How h. tbis is. rnd hd
Bmirk ilMio.. nd 6luE ddit d fmm jt nrny FoPlq iI uyl it invok.n, cmor b.
. llgr pd of jb g rtic costcitim (6&
W. hs 5.rlv rh.r l&or. M ss *e
In odd Btu o! Gh.Fir ve find lN dd bv D6DL fb; vd;G Dm of th. Gb.c
Gvidlne oI ivcion. :fh. Bqish. ,t is hrd mouAiq;d tb. vn ieE;.of lFli, The_e
@.cd McL Minly o 1170, Prcb.bly to v4 ciris of &t!e lilc dlid tdrc h.foE
nt thatol{t irm'e*Ut btk d.m. Moft €eir rhm rny oI thde i the
^,r1270. .lIsl4
@ rh. DrGRmm Eriod. M;rui 6ljt oE vill,e. ot . c@mm,ty of r tho6nd
tlan x;isha ehoul_rl l?c10.Thc 2 rcr.&i Fot. |Iq 6.oen K@ljl{ md kaui
ol Dslna Tdrli .nd DusLmi e Tl i ir tha Eiddc. oI Sdbid{pdLi.g,
krom sine t4or, wh.d tfiet rpP.d in wits Ortiodor l:l!m. vhd! odor n d ftom
h@dr sdli6of V.rje. Th.e* PmL blood r.n@c. in v.rioB lG ot Mmc
sblv nmh olda. 'fll' pdpl. of Dii'hti' @q H;.pi4 md 8o;ia Th.y hs.
sh;c DEd.csoE w* de.:fty.d bY d. nd y.r b.com doorb.d. $d qinl nod.h
!tu hrsi.. e e!turiB ou{ k .ns.j,
DoIdG wbr diry 4 prob.bly vill .d b.. r faw rn&_ lrd bndgd, dd Itud tinc b
Th.y 5mr ou pnrp@ or jllGirus I pli.-
opr. oi PoPMbd novmd m I rNDg AJe! thc y.ir Abiir h.sm. I EDublic
with r p.dimdi Fddd rnd dibrl i{it sb
Th! d& ou hisry $ b the nn l dlE md ilmobn*d be d. trL oI md' rh. @
of dr .$noqnoNc iEid 5 {t 6n€d in bL wd m d;Gd f.i sdldtmnir.L
chr@ r, "r;. bDJic PrcbLm." fud a nmb; ,jf viol.ii .piso-d6 AnnEd
fd&f, rnL lsed in AlbdL ! il l9l?, ZoA, n of th. ,or'&b of M* r rhl uib!
AJF th. Bdler ffi DoMbouE Liq- or Md, b.c@ ditutor, dd i, lclo pc
dm ffi q uD with ih. frirc. ol wi.d i, cl.in d hi'Nu IriE. Hrad bv thc N.t oI
kia, rnd dl. irD'ul b Dllrua Ddir'g 6il Elb{r btcrc h.-hd jlrd 6. d:ishiu or
uniib!.d ftim n it@rion'l bounda Vdh6i. ddr nN Droniror citiz.n. h. Nc
.tlmiisid l{i oui rh. bod6 of ttu fti/ dBrisd bv hb f.llo; noodrs md bv th.
,ek. sd {.v4 Fint uh.F th@ % rn} Tdc 6 iftl! mcr ol vhon iM in hai ruL
ocri@ Albdi dm out th. le Grudr l dn d io ihci. f&.dm. On th. rr. ljl*
'i* rir6 m M()mn.tu, Th. GrudN *do sios wh.n h. ddd L.v. his Fhq h? h.d
lud;rd di! FljriEl-chq. n.d o scus. iooas .nd window sdch.d 6d gurdd,
Hob IdrFr'of E bnd, pfuoldly si'_ md dm th. rc kB *rhed: rnd dd
kr Dtu. Tlr dib6mn of XLn.fri'G qE h. 5rtr a dddbL'ahlad ,t Inn
io cit od th* th.y could d dne. th.n fl(16 H. did, hDv*i mrl{. r nunblr of wia
to fi.t ubtr ptu s.Mi wid'm novs. Or va @ dltry Colond Sr ie.
siu MoEni6in ni@,'rtr *fich Euld rd.d a r smlrmn oi LivRne d AJdi;
h:v. b;n .on'eJ.nr b ldiri: thd rinEt s hn .6omt'dlis- Anotid vd b a}
Th. s.rb6 ctr.d th. bodd 6 nomEin G doe da.r21 vm Mirdrch of .h! Aei4
bddM dd Fods to JrLon F ndr, sd ;nie m s !p hie miliw m:chin.. A inird
drll.il muy oI rh. Alsdc rlm bddr tA io oiR n!. Bdtih Gmnl P.4v c rre
thit ciry 5d IDd. That nrt ir:|fN in_ hlnd n-oEiniz@ r cdd:mdG. Gffl
D6ibld to mlil bce.; Kut(Ei sd Pn'r.n! P.e b@Gi! s; h; . n"ff or Bntsh
'd r9r9 or D:'ty @ hcld dp : qhoL d,t o6c;q vhich idclnded cotmd l,trrh snd
*hn *. wi. sirchrd b da ikitr, otidtd Mridcl.gg. The dp.ndc.d md rhcEd n
o rod 2ldd .tl of ou p.D.q ,c$d of
beins drgld! Goaq dqr;d F. 6n !y E r lnshm:d; :id s EDort rnd dur dou
;"bh. F- th. fi*t d;. in hjno.y M.@
." il,. da i\n om;f G wE drM;E& in: vs Eking htli,gd sF b rid tn. mdG
ln P'i;D *. Irod th. idL tux of Ab{im
D ftEse.IaS lo*ardktom W. ftmrA 62 of th* sm&m6. dl
KokB s@ trp r: m.Ldhift n.mpol4 d loc.l md Tm.ty-o.. cft llm Lm;, 17
did ?6hlopir Tmdmo rnd ,r6:q r fff M!ti. r0 frd Pul{. d fM Ml&ir .
hsva6a frl..vd rh. bddd fm J.r|q". Jlkoa', 4 fmn Diba I frcm Dukqin, .nd
P'izu, rd Di61a to st !p sbopin the lrfl or. frm Mdsia . Mcdha Th. BrftnliodaE
pl.d Th. b.Dd.ry coniisim colu bv. ftry wi*lv 6€d Gl'.6 ib Gha conn4. To
cEr.d no s.r in€mtid1] h1t.d if .hn hrci ,nmirn..n nodiifi vdiri h,v-m.ar
hd b.6 iE principd obkdiE eoubk- Mot of ttu nm wE Fein! witlts
Wodd w' I lolo*td mnedhELy du in ih.i. M dib6 fd ,ri,}J: b oftad tha
ihc uwi. dciioq snd dt povdeo!6 weE in hiood .ls.whd. Thi, n* ocdli-
Lia nn r#y. At rmy of S.rhs;n.ong for tion fo! noonBin .E srv. drm 1 chrc;b
tn.i ljE. rcN Dfts rd M{i s hoe of dt wdd tho befor, for th.y
bminr dd 'imh.dldolN s Lt v es4 @ 5..k vE Eqdrd to 6in in Tilu or Sodi
itq-d corro. -Auobn ;.op., * .h.ir AlthoEh rtE s.nde M n.d. lid. o.
heE @id Scusti sd th. M;lsi1c Md- no diEii ch,A in .r,. di"dc or rh. nos
h., c vdl ; 6. E gion of K oL&. rlEy btril. E'n.rq r4 d'e m6 tury 4 tlkn hrh6
did, ir la in trd d:d..n erf6nd, Dd p !@is wft No.dic id @i,l wE A nind-
.'mnr o6cirls, by d! mc frn rhdrh. jry mBisd of pl,@cipitd L;itrtc.ph,r!.
F 166 $cur.d th. mrd 0d Pur don J. Th. nowdnffi h!v. Eind rh. ..8
of tIEn mci@r I'|lqa .ad th ffidi
ln 2 Pn .@Dr b d.,l il'. ribal $h IatUE of dE qifu.IcdtltFid chnot
. d.dbl@, Kiq Zq abolieh.n.I of tfu old l4t ud sit b.hr;id-i.rc th. ri'. Fiod
dieirh rd boudG6. md .ll of rhr old .oe.r.d by ousmdy.
t ffi or 8elffi H. djrid.d Atb.ni: 4, Fro6 Rmm ritc onFxt rh4 h.v.
i'b t)flm6 d.lib.nbly oEin! rffi ['.d by | @crJy lm ]tE @io;d rd
tib6 nd ,4ira&r rod iF;iry 6inl r.e .ttuc ixvBidi or'l'bd,
gftphist frodii4 s 6npJd;ty s did_th. Ti.
fm md hd thc! h.d! rd dchr@. -;"En* i[.n
r9D boud,ry co'm;siod Ku*a ud P6h- nt Dd honeproi:.$d @ls nrEri;is widr
Lopir h4u.6as of dnjInh6@ { &d btffim rlo.g th.n boril@ @iyi@ r
r rooch.r dirM,ti Bu.li. In 66e dchrng. p@;.d g.odr ud ikjtt.d !wi-G.
ilw Pi.ea h. *r trF Pef€G 'rf.d !trm'i6
'nd J. Th. RmB ift.drc.d cnrifidiF.
W. ntud m. '!.4ery of c(m!e" ehich hld liri. if ar .fild m rn.n wy 6a
in Mjrdiia vhom thr oihdid lif.. r dtrhjig ir 'fordi.d di.n qog;inc
iEnor.n. H.
s5. etiv. of d6s,.. Hc mploFd r loel
lm b Frd ifit ELDhoe lE hi, o.lv li.lr 6 :41r.nounEtu h.v. ha ov.l@uted
wiih thi ffi-f.d,l vdrld- I. lu81! w sie! dE tF esrd..L 'rik i,s
n |lEd . $@ory oI @n .nd I *io.I- d&d 'lnd
frodjna Dd .mkddm. MDv h.rc
ftrnd, boih M.ri mtiv6_ Oih.6 whd w kfr th. ooMiaifi b iftL .twh.a r.w
did rd nrrsr vc dEid6, In K!l(a; v.
nffid I gdoftnr cl.rlq 1 shodtEahd, 7. Ar s.ftl Fiod ou6id. DrcDId [I.
fd a dml€y in dE irn, In P6hkoDir ou $iad conaoLN; tl]. Drir llietipr; md b
rorc 9* , id.m ddl{i : Bjd Djbh vryi.g d.sft6 or .d.diq.isa i6 imE
n n td tulodlr 1*@ry or co;( rrm {6ibL sid. vrI.E Th. Rmft b!it! 'c
rfi.
Bt Dibq.d . l@d comri schooldchd- rced. dd sl.* ind Tuls follmd rfid
Tha 7 .irn !flic. dDlo€ *hom w.
inclodd in ou ldia k rn ih. mrduG of 3. Th. TuL Dqo.d nmy c[6 in rhc
in. insido of Zret eoe.minr dn 6. M.lsis c Madhc comEY. Tli. vh;tlv sd
Mo@rij. ch8 ol -rhd odv a crft IIm ogdv dow eillr!6 wir hooulhd 6v nE
dbid. dk rA. The or d; v.ft Dd or ;idnE il;m B;si rhdi ;c c{ihotrc
rh. c@D tl* d.n Bis Dibh .fEr r9ri. Eibq.c aho sNL. dr @t Immrc.
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AGE, FUNCTION ENVIRONMENT,AND HEREDITY
HEN th. €did v.si@ of this EPot! ro mtunv. md rf,m min tG of it shinL
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mnmide in h.a{69. sPd 0d @F of bdy lE i! rhe lvid _thicll]6e qr4 in th.
lmrod id 4 iDD'fu r e rdulr 6v c[@ r.ft .ldlry,
fi.ld, b( i. 'funi@
tfi. BEnidl blmuY !h" e-.rin sori ffi shrch tumud {d it
udtd e$6. Th. aiEie b.'sM d oF
!. il qnr.dlr o lik c didde bY m.s In ih. n L b.t rDffi m dc f.e .f&.
of whi.n Nblan ;DY b. $le.d Th. ords Dub@. rnd h mii c.s dFplEs bu
or $bidi 6 b. @id.4 tn.i.roE shodd ilm ri'. @ or rn. [id, cnvia ;6 a .r'd
bi psfrgtr.d ot Prcbl@' dm m if d. livJ .noqh rn;h'ir wil ddi-
'dtr nqlv hff. 'de;hiE lrE eitr dor { dif-
Th! chid pmblfl of ihe P@t 8MY s: fdli iird rd in ! i.Sd' ordd, Ag.
wbd n rk tudA P6ii6 of tha. MM@. ch06 in nd E rd * dsiic a itr isq
Gr.gr, vh@ dei@dr * bv. cdB *ftiai go ihroqh lIvrl ud .dult stlgd, trr
and wide cdmr:i himry ft be h@/ tb.y e qnTtErivdy sret Tnu€h F upet
Tn ddy of @ ts ihdy of orc dcPd_
nar o d.dnJ, d 86.d6, ' sbid b d cmiou.d T!.y @ gdtic jn tlt :.4 ihn
Din enroL I1E odEo6 n l)Mg /d6 ,f drdgr in ch'.tu sd b b.
h.biq s {c clnrd, nfrioa 5d {eim- idldied. The 'fuy Eb n|y' h@, b.
n.nt, W. hi* .lr;dv 4loEd dt biEding ,1@d by ffi. codhioG of ffrio od
hfiB oI d. eDltdm .rqnpl6.d bY ou mvn{Nid ud hme th. vhoL _ Drobld ot
sdnisl s[pl. w. lnow in l.Igt m,3E 4ia
_A id lM ir u 1mDl. o..
whoc. ife dk dce6 of dr* FoPL' ilnd fro' b fdd; rudjo it M-
.nd { ph* rilG rnd how tb6. n'M@ ri:ltv il'. .@im of th. d*risa or i6
hr!. r.8rnrcd th.n mti.gl rtm s. mc ndir x;s notiod nN b. iein d t ih.
.l ih.ir uir:l b th. P'ffi e hmrn PoPU que oi @l,r .!d iEtiov. cbsF in
hdd eo dft m:b;l i! *.x do@t€d th; opdis ;lnch Mnk imn the .Dadi-
a s;. is bd d6dib.d 6 , dp{citY ror tu oI .@ o th. scrl! of rim. vir.li! th.
ledoilll,E, Tlr. ffit io vftich din ePac lnnis of . i;t of .qtrilibrim. Wh.n th6.
iF i ilrclrd in tn. o@ism i! . tundm or limts r brr{Ed d; Mrbirr rnd nFri-
1'n@b{ ol fidE. Oe il i.i lhis fts ti€ ch@d or dr motioi! @i TheoiM_
sinDlv on sf,ouldnot include bdh nris $d in, Do I@.r r .uMmoE dity, i5 d.2d.
fd.ls in thc s|m eri6 Dife@cs b! As qth e., hldy fs.tid.d ln_pd.gd.ti-
tuen nd6 dd f.rn.l6 in d*omic.i :nd
nrY h. ncisl ltr dir dtciiia tor ih.n Flfomue At widr .3t
ehsidl chdcE th. IimiEtio6
i'redr lnDL s. hd b ror.go dl. @ a;a thry r EriIt $bi.d to
in.nr or rrin B ror Mc or 6P.d'dry' oi dvnofu4 ehich FE d.m th. dEii
Arcrhs n ,3. l.he o!8 is ch€6 b PorL sitL And fuihs. dry G $5i.d
ihr.Dgbdt liJ.; dE bodY grcft riom bd
 W$hbM hd slbur th.t d|. st rnlshlF qDli66 N eF.iri6 to fudi@ SiE iie
.l sm! @miel chatu ft daad@i fmi$ @ iibid 6 $ldi@.o i' @-
od w. By nnNios oc i.* ni*L or mL sd uM; Dv bc d. d.cidi@ f'fu.
BE hl obsd.d tbd th. bory lir]lfu Fo; ;IDele c;Ee; b ds@ n fincd@d
chl@ @.:IY n' EPffi MUY rd in l,igc mff. h.Edituy.r A sp.ci6.
of o; uu;ii.rl chNias wbch Ed phrs- dlEc dbdulGis h$ s€d 3'lg in
el rnrhrolologis hm long c6id*d Io.g Mow ltrigs rtu in-E@ @rty gbb-
ee tncidE 6.stdc!@ 4uE
;$dr E fodioon lojddm Thi. brv b. long l)!tr b.-dia md dd globo|l! lungs
*i Bdre cr..dY r r[. iM rd *rh, iire
rh; llG'rui.n 01 bmr @bid dD6e ; dbdcnr6L t diel tnd vix
"..
f@ic"r s.dt& Vftrio6-i. ding bbiE b. r *ldid ld tuclrid. d.@ cfi*d hody
ed i@.dd (rmori@ rm- m6, OE rhc or[i@ 6 d hm of rut
stuti) ed cultutl (in EN of biiogirg d- ;;hc $ r trcl.sd.4 EEng, 6E-dr4
dic fmdr lob othd r.gloB dd or rmd
DEP.ru@ n c@r). atdougb m my ;k fd; b Gomt'for it th. r;bia
ftuE .Ni6u.d &od dm ,d tu cl'|t@ visibL h hltla M 6 tho dist
pJ?6e flm rfi. 3EldPonr or whar r[.Y do ioiL; au@ ; r .nd oFdr r6!rti&
rrmi th..fd & dEidc fdi6 m body ru;
n s;r c'prc;u fE oalmd itPt;s ri6: br if,. fllr@ iE lf aorli66 fiiDctiol\
Ls!@ qiMilE ddrtmy,dI@- md hloe h eLF d'diE s *[ 4 r Psirc
dE*fi; ou d6tr dd e,ldd qhony roL. Th. d;.in fsljd of rLghl'ng usnty
de'icll It {odd bc f.! ffi ndlfrdY ;n rh. mdu ld n sf,di![Ed
6h.Ed.umrt loc.ncmbit imof boih h m;G tld c 2 dlciDrl **s thn
fdGodn dd sMie! cb,@EPe @vimd o dd ;tu;y. d'. i5
$nii@ odim dd tbc pr.dud of ndj@ rh]@h NEitio. Ai w. hrv. sa thc Gh.g
Mft-@tly co .Rd 3,npl6 fm olhd nolnei@r hvd on thc prcdoc. of ttk toil
aEs incLud. ffiie. ih! on th. dfffi i, his ilm.dilE filbborlmd. rnd dE. loil'
ldn& of bl@d PooF 6r O, A, B, AA *' rry. Hd. w h;rc d *.lhrt chm. b
(l@ (tll. odt@ LTiM !i t[. tim.r .t!dr dE .f.d .t dilf.mdd nutition d
ikeipdid r: ile tuv $bdiviriG of ,'l: ''Y
th. rDinv ir !€@6 ol . q.etiolly EItd
r- r.; sic vid, itrbdiwi@; $a rb.s bllbi@ ]l;.ihd i' thl@h culrtrl hlb-
_sdling
c;; q}ncb r b.ins ftrli.d iq in Fie.l{ dr hibtr of i.f,G
_m@iTEr "d.d* Th! 6 ih mv b< qu,ii6.d by dfi.Hc
y, A! d6. @SoriB- iod=4
blood !@Di@ bcoG l@esry or ruEidd H& ft r * th. hd ot th.
U.Iorim:tilv dG pM sdY sin b|e.'l@ @ DiEic probLi$ th. $6tion b *hich 6is
do flrhdE I did_d Etc 6lo.d qnd6 rd
ih. O.,,r. A. r, $ri6 b.dE rhe oie w bF EIs ino 4.@t dd q'@-
(:hd;;rcli riGl si@i6m ^lombin
s blood- ridiEly.wlud rh6 edi$ ctrlu or rg.,
ld;e..@ 'fuh
ir s{ quandri* Hrd I ui.d l6joi! dd mimMdg v. .E lcft vith
b efo i [ftr. ol tGin, th.Y nighr h1€ r mrblr of durli6.d mMiol cbBdE,
dEincd od btrcf, ol nic rlf ridr or l6ils *hich mril Diq.n othNise d b. .,Ld
th. dric di4 ,nd ry liL s *I' did nd h.&did, fl6 w d *. vl'dlEr o. not
$.n 6 icnfv sch e rEnDr dE .E i; r ei'r u4 ad hd i6 PoPllrtion
Aftlo;.h iMmiql ch:@ b. :nt ihc of iu sb'!ss, if dn 6i ido rh.
dldqiiv; rf,d a tlo *ldivq :nd"Yrbil iF $nhl hlll]$ rtrd sFciianY EumPtu EciJ
dodtrc ou ldrih f@a t6. di@
l !n Nul@s6icfi*dP .d.6b. w. r frc.d, ti@for., g;th th. follovitrg
lff of dt oli;dnd 5d eni.h tlE .f@

!*64G4dBndlrso
 :. Wn{ a th. tutmiel Denudri6 ol tid rtdiry ro do wirlr bldy ria dd pc
th* Gn* P[om e. [|k E@dl _
b. To;[n .@t d. t5a cofub whtcf, ., H5 d. Ghe |)@ of drdlbz infs6
w. h.k d.Enind d.rd.dr .. F? DrcdEd ry .fii m bdd 0d fclmt
c Hs th. t@6idior d. irs;includids ' t whr t[. trij DGri@ of o@ dDlc
nms hd uomr of d\.viq, q.trd d om i[s !s 'i a ddtirnv aorlif'inc f&i6
tfie siz sd sh.F or tIE nrdd@i +p:F hrr. bm ciDE.n dl -
In ach of tlE d J chrleln d. of rhe
d, tLrc dific.G in .oil 6rl iha Nti- pr.,bLcsi[t dGiddd,

,f rE9
 TI]E MOI'NTAIN GHEG PHENOTI?E
THE SERIESAS A WHOLE DMir.nt rh. btudc o.diM b m.ll. tlE
i:lve *dl dmlor.d. rlr hkle r lird. m@
pEidina ihd @ecrd. rllr ld nh .bd.
/'\UR t067 G[e moMa@u 14 fmm in dJM,_ThB 6 ; dc@ of u rrt@. mD
\-rdE m.Eic rquiiilht or { te( t fchd to vho hs Ld o rtivi ou-of-d.d Ir. iit hr.d
d fel 4 jn.ha Pith r md t o@imEly be h.dtfty mvnomdE od . niinu of
t Loi 7 inch6 (ldc,7 m.). Ti! rrlr red which ir sv.ni.ls v.ll b.Irned: h.
m dE bdrddn b*..n rrdi6 ')d td, in
cnd is Ducdr, L24 ad r@n d b *dtiq
dr! tudd cl6i6otid oI MdiDr For Eu- lo@ {titue er ruh idnin. Fhm nf.
t@ .h.y r DL Tn.y w Elhr ibm d.& dom tr vould b. h'.d E dinin4Bll hiD
n T616, rlthoogb Egidrl TctlioPuL- fom : sh?ph.rd in th. smfti+ Hi4-hlrn&. i
dm r yMtutobesdr rRy re No*tSirn rrm dr lord omay, d r
shotr riian th. Mon@:is ,nd Sdid ApprLcN4 nounEind.
imn dndv nonh dd Dnlvd of th@ md Only m phFioldidl 69s rEd.: dv-
rlrurrn sine s rh! D.l,tuti6 ,nd dt elld nMoln.a si!;a, D@iE rir @ld vath;!.
ol th. Tflolda Aridc trm dl.L norif,m d.spR ft *if.ni{ of l@!6 rhruh vdB
n&hbod ode rh. Ubsinhn5 Scrdiuviu, or ploqhin*, houBnftE N;dd .
fdBririrh @ ccsddy bn{ udg ellG 'h.
o@ of r ttpodd5 Dngi,g fs; 41 6 roo
Fd p.ptrirtioB Nrti!+bom Ar4is ft

Th. nrh.r iiniEd st of body n.{'llm'6 It Th.Fe

rd i'dic6 .vdiLbl. i'diqB s noEBl El@ Frm dr @k up dk lEDbLne o S@r
p.4 pduo4 but r IiEL on dE long-linbcd ,nd Novegrs s,iuld adtiru in md E-
;d lmla sid. lr lhotrl<terbeddl spd\ bi sp.ct, but *o!ld dirDFd in orh6. In rlr.
ili.c. siriing h.ight, od dlTirr.ir. indic nc notic*bL din;i,ic of ih. 6e ir
wnich nLk b n@ vodd h. qtrit clca Tho Albdid nlfuin-
r6mbL thc S@dimvis u<l BnBh nG .€u hrr modrhElv loe frq borh b rh.
cl*ly rhr rfi. tucli( c.dtr:l rnd .llifr dlfuE from 6oi b (th. Fift d
lm;s, Findinq h inDdiblc @ t'.lsde th. g]c b.llb 'lEonm.d'r imisoE)
the 2 uppd
thc;:imryorni,ubi.cis io mubitr d :t
cc D;!ni,;n vhil l s; n.mdnc (h.ir chd dc cmparisoB b.cr* individtr,LnihrG
did;M, I m$d th.n d fDlfiBpiotio', polrcis erry grudy in l@riig ti6c
and he(. rh. 6@6 4 much h4h* rhu poinu. cmri@ n\m vid' sri6 of which
drc or odrd ;ii6. I b.hE rh{ nd of m 6 b. m;d.nllysn r[I rh. ffi rc.h-
!\d. ru hd wl-dewloP.n cbs, d sbdi.d niqu€ vlE u.d, v; s rLft $. Gha! dc
rbolt rh. !n h f&e ldh s Dmulidm
'Thi :2 ok;Mdd .n bodv fom si* r srxch @ Ptdolm:ddy -Nordjc & *hich
hdE dcDjl.d if ls ohjc.i; pitu- (* r.pru.nr ln.l"rsd vdidie ot Medi&lrer
t:bL 4). Tbc med Dointir !u!06€d ro @rt- -lik thelrslill rheRi6r. ind rh. Be6
$nt s hvmiheticn iom for ti@. Ih. end shlfunad tha loedstic *idi m
is-jN :b.,i, rwg.; d(K ol frwinrl DFNeolirhic e.mD. d.-
s.nml';6<!r,@
nhE liL rh; Ln6 :nd No$.dd. Ttd
sho( ud n.diM 6 dtin; should.a s o. ,rc lodF-frcd tfid d\. tuu nLdiFhnair
th. sqlre sid. of n.diu'l, ch$ i litd. Lr8!r p@pl; lil. Spurds rd sou(hm lElsE,
thrn iv.ru. rt. bacL i5 unGulv ihi.hc lha trF f:e is ebdklv lo.q jn DoDodon
w,t[ I'trl.lmbs cff: th. rbd;.i r;tly to th. 6bl r{. hdshrt rhi; s Gin:ili, E!@
 p.r poDdrtiffi. foudd Mons soDl6 nho Ihiry+ilhr oE.mdm Dile oft dJs Di.,
* pitoninudr M.di@; d ir but tu , t6pr6@ oI rtk foEfiad5 or 106r;.a
not Ery dill.Hr f6n the!ruron in rd. shoq b\;n to b. for dr nd E af @dib
Fldriiotr Ndlv ljmid.Gd Nfrdh h.dht ud 2 !rr. Dorc rlr ni.dim bEdrL
'11$
nininM'frcnbl di,@, rll. only virh . url. l€s rhm n.diu slots @ th,
n.{ffi.nt NU'ny dm of th. foEha4 i ,vrac Th bbmidrB ru lilodnEtv
uorhd dotrbleoe ciE;m frcm rh. ftch- lsEq od ghb.Ir ii $;!y posiedl Ey;
niel sndpoinr V&nrjo6 i! dhniq& ba ror@ ffi su'lly lhdq bor pfid rh.v do
tffi othrcpom.Eisb eddd rd s;rd- om s. Jq@ rlsE {stut dE $idLd
$E sFcioa. u8ing only si6 qhicti R 'Nordi." rold shid i, M;od snh dt
bo* b b. conp{ebl., on. 6 dily q di6 @oe rr.d lrmlff. Tnc .!w @-
th. ehSs, vidi . r.d of n*ly io9 nitti- pLk )ber. .f Dildid ud itrEE l lo[.&
h.&G *c b@de in thi! dinftid. n\$ ihe difi.miind d@ F@1. lhDF rem dr
ldEJr.d Euop4 to shm ri.y n :!o Monsoloid ud a+ Irldc liduldoB or
!tunltfu d hody bujldtnc of de mnhffiEhE, Th. sidaoidi@ oI rh.
M.diElt'la 6d Nordic sid rm io roL .l6lir frIrhe.dDlaia ih& ditu!fl:i aL
h.j.. l(\t miniM b dr bi|smme whrl' i! nd on indiYidl'jl ouiof 6E sf,.m . Uhtc
diGcdt b cc mne rnii r eh non rtr.bliquig. biddidg m of N@ FiM
cmp@hh io rh. L;r.r;nd br;dd lcd
Eu'jp.o pquLd@ ?{. thd 6i in wnh Tne rra iEil n cbEtuii€ry eruc
the la6i.ed locd D@dstid; of NoMv ilr tul$ nr.lv D'ed. fnw.rd indrh"ir
and trd04 ud @t ;En(llrd Nor&G ril I.t Fl .n Bioi iionly mdim. Th. ch6t6
M.diudr6 In th€ bigoul hMr, this rE mdi@ b tftiq ,nd E@!y ftinDd Tir[
.:(s ts 6uch mrud, Ai e 6lt dE Micrl 6n In6 mond ih. odrh, fn ruirl @ld
Glrg fr., LI. $r of ih. ddnron:l 8;qq piorndc odly @ r mfld cfur-itrdd@-bv
loot5 [k. rtquihEnl djdgh s q i6 lPq nrdhs P.;Rh Elffi tud-ni AhG
Ld, di@ ad w.rtrE;heh DMe of
Th. n@ h.ighr of dE ch6 ir .ed.d th. fle h.iuLB ti. MbLria. of rf,d
by t* in Etrrc-p., o! in rhe;dld. Sd.!n paple to rn; S@q Noc md BaG. TrE
fs€ €nhluE b rhs DGiri@ hcludi'z J o6rtrd@ m r[. .c dow ft,?hid nn
th. l:c tfir dk na:l qpiim dd !p moni mm fd Euom, Thr lic m r-linL
dr old.r tb ese so drD!.sd ihr e rbore rcdi@ id irft@dbl (E!*nbr)
chtrF ol th€ $fr rc n;n b.,e rhv.d. tluckne md muiu:I; rhh in ltbhnnr
@ndido@ rcL i,i nv n.'trhc ar rh. ftd.fring pmb:5ly bita md !ftng Lrbiu 6
s. dm A. nG bEarh ir ro& dE rr- much s re, thq n .ro 16 ftn d thD
lNd in Europ. {d tIrc vo d. mil the ndd b q\. oonndnn irl t n jrEuratu sfiib
ind* is .jl@tr le@rhir. The Up6of dE ch.F look m@ [t lle of
Thc etio b;eaa foftnsd Dd fic rnilt pomis of ih. R$oluriotra Friod
bEdris (zwcftonbl) t ltkh j, :U Dinrric thrn UU. the of Dodm Anaidirl Th.
sdiq dr G[.6 trtud.d: i;En* rhe m- ohkPrtioo m ch; Fdnirne G b&d on
uod fldrh of -rh. forhma. Tb. spGamit :d:l slod 4th.r rhD m 6d.[s io m idal
s dm highs. ror rh. s. (do;:oji,pl.d neq th; plffic of 23 D.r ui of r c[i6
virh rhe hct rh* rh. bisonirt dirn@ ir it no sm!;| thrn wuld b; foud in 6y othd
ELriElv 16 tlh rhc bi.wmtic Tll! lrirl nurcq-j:q.d Euop{n loeul1don.Md oI
i'dd of ifi. !'tsr &n; lirs on rh. bordd- th. chi6 c rrdi;: ih. bitrEEl r.fl /di!
lin. b.wn Mtul cqod6 of tuoEG cov@d rhroqh edBtior) so6 eirn $.
eopic rd l.FioDrsoeirdrho@h rll. Ch@ Arpin. :nd otlid ;EjMdti;r;@ tu in
fG e ldiq rh.n l@th-bdddr oom; EuoDr E kU s wid, indieidurli of AEuI
tio$ n n&de Thn-n d ft oI rhr
n6., vhi.h ha d. of rl! 106 rarl indie rk nct diltin tire f.rtu of d& M@-
d @!d, pl.cjng it in the h),?.rLpdrhirc bir Gh.g t ce, dr @, dind m@ rpris
rrm gLhenr qitbour d+6iq reddng io
rh. CEt Alrholgh M uNrll-ynjghr ed t@ bEdtns b thd of th. Er eglr@
'd.:1.
t6 d ir .4@ris{e dtN. rts bndse. of dE nad e lov, btri tut uuiDny q
NrIv boii hiel lllftw, ah6 imti'E b.c.u. tt. for.had rnd zw@tic $dE @
'd
rid vid& r hi;h IMU.do. in I'd I n,ionq, rl$ $h!*h.t ride tid'ric ftin .pp..frc
or .;nE ndl Doila AviM ih. Ghrs hi ot ti. t c wtrld lerd o* b sF&
@dixon'l hrvklfu .FDditr.: ]1le dp oi th. We tr. *.n .l@dy ih4 n'i. foElE:d
nc ! mtdm o rhiii moe orEn strnght or ft{t5 s b. i t L tuighE,_d Ls sloPing,
clMtd tbd d@6c4 vith nEdinn b cm-
pr*d v4$ :;d N.ny r s@rght *PM. Djuic Emp.s lalq du fnlnas of th.
Thn nde 6 lh. Ioddd *gcnt or , g:mt, foEhad i' indlitd-by r cffiPondingly
trid€llr fa.gie6 th. chsiGl Din{ric hi! w. i.rdoD.d MDonl _shMfllrE Ar th. Itr,
,mp6f.ndn,FFrfue h@m( tfi. slroU a Endmct fe 16
ihr ih. nonnd d.e ol o6FEl pibtNildr.
IIL rf,. Had {d in r l d d ;1 indiei&i! th; occiD* i5
S. fd w h.rc fonnd o"Iy . f{ nEnc rdu v drft'.d A! ch lcu Btio, 44
nmE rd ob6F*im to dillmtirb dt *f dr shd {d.nir! ii d. ,r-bdoid
od'nn Chd douEi'.d from dr 3[.Dhdd ;@i@ ;d in !e E c.rt-oi s ve find lh.
or dk SGt Hiehlsda ihr Bquq mij rh. i;onElv h{nD; h"drdcrDhd% dhich is r
i.Lnd NoN.sia b *iom w 6m cmpand frilk;f rh( pii.El boc io uni. nooihly
hin Wkn i. Emdc hr fclt c.p, ho}wd, virn dE diinr.l .t lrsldr vitft . sh.r or
.nd sdy tus ha4 w 6nd th.t th. M_ ds6im r in sitiql einl mdi@ m
hl,n . c.;d. Ilis had is r0 wnob niliffi of'r $rrhrll dw h{ b.in )!'ek.d lo;d.d
shod rlm t66. of nn Ad.nd'bordding rd ndrd o com. udiEh.d, Tn. h;ck of
jimulrrG. r6{$lh! in thh €paa 6ftm thc had ii clcdy dr rd uNrl sd h.nc
rd mht qlllrr1]d-popl.r. ra th. rnrb_ inirrdi@ Mdr of tll. Ch{ dmy, Ttc
ibnE ot Am.nii Aoitoti;, pG of $. can- 3d. *;a b. ru of cood in tu ix of
cdc. edd ih. Lbmon, Aath. sm. tin n Dimis md Amdoi& tm otftd @ei6
B nnch brdrd(, in fur it i' mng $. brord_ A f!4h{ Lfr rhn 5.dB hi{hlY lwdiv.
st ho.L in Emp. lt ir di6cnlt to tnd i6 b t[* ,6 B c.nt ol N elb-i.6 t_md of
*( D6ition ftg:rdrg bli8hL 3ine h.d vh@ s .i. s[,I s bRr. Dcd r.)ft Lind
heizh ! mbioulv subid b th. P.Eod of frtuos) hrv. nod6iiv |swdior
.qtr;ion, Judiq by oi Y thc siri6 ol lhdi w.i t[! rsrrntuEyli diDl Eirr
vhch | :m r,-l ciBid.i thc ch.8 had! frm tn! s,l coililo., ;m vodd dp.d
nod.ar.ly ro nocttuHkug. .Lrtd noE i.dividnis in rte fl tho n tlE ,t/r
Ttuv do irc hd.r, r6ch th. .arlmB in e@did, ttri thj! b Dorth. ce;.synnktry
rhi dindion thn th.y do in ldgth ,nd iEell cmr o haE a nomn diihlotioir
brodth. In d. i'dic of d$ h.d, the Pcc who[v 6id. flm d. rh6.fr el.'q. fu-
pL r. fnlt bnchyrc.Fhnic rldotrgh _16 th.dior. it il ]a tins s fduinid th.
nghr s m ih. l.fr side *hici eggB6 r
n iehh6 noEblv ti. TGk rd !d! of rn. fBdimrl dcndoa F:ci'i {ylm.Ey, on
m;hinnwliB! Yussha mms dhm ri. orhd ln4 is Ery !r., tccomiing ror
Iftn indi6 of 37rnd 3s brE b(n Fcoded d& 6 *r mt ol d!. vnob dd virhout
In rh! Lnch-h.Eht indic drv m[ s hvp.i- ri6ii6eir di*itrction b.l@ riqhr rd LfL
ednic 'whil! -h rh. bEdih-hddr inA.i H-rndd6 9s d.ftmjn d ht stjng rh. nd
t#v eh r Id psitid T1lE mFIY r.as b DickuD sFn.. by r6ia rhd i srn4 d.
rh. nod.nt h.A h.ish in Mpri5on ridt M6n *i! ' nhe ud ti. choic. or h:nd
rn .fun. l:rort bft:ldl Ttr [di€ shicl for ad@ * di@ei bv l:llfu. Ttr 7 d
&rG to .m@ ih. tdi.bl hrddrh vith Fr cot;f ldi h'nd.d iid mbidm i!
reid d;,tu;-fdojDdidl .nd eDlr.lG ddolbkdly ir roo low : nMbd-odftid-
fici -boih .nph6ia th. di.prportim h- iu mbrblv rfKed eehiF. thrc*w. 5d
Mm ! va bGd hind-hadra mod(ie !i;l;! di;s up o qEn -tur tm: Tnc
Th. fM@Pari.El ,nd ;do ![omtrv iE cmirl ' rmmld i3 @b-
tui,l he&lb,
c.phrtcf.cirl indic6, aLdng ih. forchdd :bly..n r i: nrh Sffi6lly.
 rV. T|PiIGSEM odg Gr..t' or lblic Albd dl ped
r1l .y.bo* ol dlr Gh.q mmdm.E thr DiDiror Fd e@l{ !!.h drt ;M6 io
u.l oebdrE llro.;m irt rh l Iigbt, tftin slin vin\ ddmr livia. Si.e dE
@itid d b. D6bhid: Eh's a\d c r IBuidg E doc in rh. dsd of mu.
lid. ihicrsr da noE d;iu.,ir d; d6. .irhq ar of do6 or ir chilv bo$6, md
.f nd mnho ed i/em DoptrLtioq btri ue DDy ol th. n.n wra idnldurElv
il so ih. qi.dm n rlic[. Tli4ian@ ob- d6.4rh;nIrxtn6Edtulririq. '
!.Mios $wr||{ rE Di@ic tu? s ffi- Aloe on of9m hld lri ihf6'lld hc
plj6.d by rle Glqr & .qody mrnd h, eLd |noddor ftd; ot ih. 6 titd. noE drr
rh w btrrM h:in4 hd th. olis tt ck
'glt * b d.Emidc h.t fm som ;En vG D,r4 ,rr@ inclod.d nde who mtoht b.tu
ialploclr and oth6 Lr 6. b:cL hdr FN hrv. 6s Ilb.ld ,r,6 n;idlo$ ftih.r otrn,
lont but orh6 slDe.d dril hsd!, ud ifthly itoiid Th. @h€ re nmb &6Fr:
lrd don. lhii Mde md jrclcd lodp ro dek ud nl b,M c rhr rdq vhiFlishi
dch.n rry dimk iE @@ndi.!'lv 16 btr)lt. ffilm. lnm&.
dEF. h L dGibL rhlr n;E rduld fo! r third of rh. whoi., Odlv mdirn\ ot
this econ h. iri dk rtu"rr dleory. bur nor 'ltrlyspL hd eR dt[ rn Dj6rrnl b$ rhc
rh.
nmy moF- s|jgh_rryFvy h -& ;hlmF omb.aof !N blG fd snF_* ody hnf
a gqt a dEi. A dlcfodtls midjry hrd
SFiebr €r* hin sud 6 oft indi don! .y6 tlEr |e nir.d n old. :nd of'thqe
Mo.i.roids dd nue EsM Emecs f ill. lighr mtru6 pndomiDE. Th. pitv-
vitu v hcli@. rd curlv ht j& ldldrK rj.n6 of ni.J wa M6 n Ef.crd i dE
is lt, Fdcd;ly cdi/.rine th. s. or .h. ndG ol ny.4 b;.d,;d sFied irjd€
spl. iof whjch norc hc): nE-dtrcrr's in rh.n liihsi chjlrcJi!.j6 th. MlDDin
oI t[. h€rd hu r i. ihc la .r hdd trd rhii it Gh€gsG liour h,ll qy 6e(n btmd ud
oleftd @ th. M of thr srlo ehich $iU hmd piq@ tu * d.liniad bv dl.
hs hrn) is rbolamdie vhn. i!. le nan EuoFin e@.: rl'.v ru @ Iirit skiK'ddl
includinpb$chq ch..Ll rnd iM. * @F lkrdtrrn d(I idw;.dirE b tishr Ds*hs
,blv I ;f. hdiF $'n dh noEhc; witfi mcr 14 sd . &ltr rn d rE 6ld.
fl;d EmD.c, :tihouqh no! alt]lla 'nd rh. In Dim.tutiod ihd .i d vR'difffi
d.!.lopnm of drc AlDin; poDuhiiotroa Br fs6_tn. trkhbd'scoE 6. e;,{ud ed
tuh ;d oc or FEne l:!:Lile nG n€n th. I(@hcLv_no""-r"-*bu @iidalblv
wE lm ft olshs and rl'.!r!t tnci. dllar thd i:heNd*rrid. nR G rriEi!,
beils intqhrle, D@ik rh.n @ rh* rtm ttu lo!:s of rha-pdim df rdv @-
omhir..6 *mi b h1i'. hld rltsfidv ls FiF rha dd friE -dh T6la Ge6.
btr on d.ir lihbl md ch66 thd .;F{€d in Bulsim. Dd S.!br, Fhn! ooblble lftd;
vio of dil.ir bard e@urtr On ! Fmind.d &f-mni lod Mm;n griq B{Bu( rid
of 1 n mrl Nodia rnd M.ditud dc
rclom..r {tlu ihd dEi of ADiG Tn Th. Gha phdo@ n ths @rd bv I
Mbd of l@ widr lily rdib lujr d bd.le mod*Elv-dn trE. liru li'b.d. slm' hmar
B n.gljgiblq gml'lK of rh. h.rd qs nN *u mscl€d, s4 mditu. qiih r dii^ bonv
pEridt thr tbn ot th. d6bd! rnd b.jrd. tG of bod.nilE din.Gic, r I@, Eoi
In n6 d.... hMv.!, lr *s pdibL b r€I 4din ndr. shorq b@d had! ofEn 34-
tIE olor of dt $il piglmEn hriE tud brhhd, !' v.ll dmlopd nMch. 6d
ba4 both of wljch w in @ld. | !!hl !!it
V. Prsbadrim dd mn.d .!B lrir bridv hln L dTv non-
Stin ..lor 9a ohw.d m $DDo*dlt ddy dd.ioFd In if clntu'deDr
Umpc.d sullc ol rh. udd M 6iA ch6i. thG conemRt widr ih. bradrh Dd fi!ft;-
Ahc 6 n.iolie *e rhor dE 3d. r nh. i@ of th. h..d h. Mbl6 th. Nordic {d
ffid.rq DinGh vhiE rt]l'uifftia em In;d Medn{ftd D@trLrid ol rh. triac
L6chm *7. TlE oih.6 d;. bllftt ;hiq or EmF nort dh a! tri<id 6mF dd
in no i* ddtrd ti,. on dFd ro 6nd Dd hriri* EdB n iu .sr rd c.nEi Il
m suld onx&. sri6 of *.Ltotr of $ch d{a. oI rirbiUw. In @ .hD@, $c
*ith thoa. flm th. llFid lron Asc l;l ird4 th.v Bi* . @'lttbh hme
'rn
m.@ n GLsiuq ir i hid to $ wh.t sd.jny. h drfui, hmd l.igd! tsd bEdd\
ditdnig b.Md rhc n s vodd sFr md th. c.Dh'Ic ind.t, rhry dd I gHd
aar fd rh. EEd fqu.nq of bmd, rd rnbilid rhm n@hr h. @.d.d I@ 1
.rd .*'iblly ndm.d, h-f in d. lj'i"s nom.l DoouhEd Ttn it Pmicddlv
lruGd 'j.ir
widr'thi cDbnic idd.' 'thB, snB
Eir5niw s N ciiuiq m 6nd tbe tt
MMtrt Ghep tr 6 fe I tb.
VANA']LDY OT TIl' SERIE ,IS / d6aa' rnA h@diN'lotttdd
ot rb. lr.. e. .6'
WEOLE AND OF THE TRIBES .m4 bd;r;bd ndA nn tb. dim-
Anv iivils NDuhdo! n'v b. a.(.d b liw 6tt t@ ot th. dddd .8n e. .6'
3hwi rch;,l fi4coq di;ribldd ii och
fr.Eicl citeid_'llG d;Eibudot is {_ U dsr c trd r Dopdridq dd th.Y rG
@d br th. sdd'rd dcmtion Ge bbL r mnFndiM ol dpil'tid, wNch EtY d
i!). sdiddd d.d{io6 tfi.rselva v:ry. Ir b. ih. tnbd h nGt 6r.dr dE
ilc rdd!.d ddi{im .xe.ds . din nn- '4.it show. ms. of wirdd m.nhd !id.
Ei66

. Td& id fu ME,

Ddic,l vdue on. ir l.n to s6rd thn tho of dE l0o tElq in th. n:sd idd* rI f.!'i;
di6 includ€ iddividu,t fom_not o., btr! hrloR in d!. c.Dtnic indq &I a.l tu rhov.,
rd.nl ppultioa, whjch difd lron .{h The n@ hdrhab dwG mft flilbL th{
odE in rlr. cidn cmd.d. Hd.fu D;n, dd sib.r ldriG in th.
ln ordd o Drcna. d q 6i fd th4 ephdic iod* rai rmEllbL n gnu
Howltr b^ onD .d r EbL or mtr of Fron rhi! *. n.y ddue rhat ri. @di,
sndrrd d.vi,bo6 for r lrg. nnnbd of b M. k az. tu rh. r.xi@d |ia difiddc8
$ri6 .rch of vhich cosis or ov{ t0 b- @hith u he rkern, nq tltxt th. dndin
dividtr ls; h. i5 lik*!i. ibi*d th. sign. i" cenhdi inde k &a tu tw ldd o?aG
Etic' to como& iudividu'l dmc srh tb. i,E Mitbi' hita a @et 6 t tu?8 rhd,
n.r Trble J sho* how th!;by b. lPPli.d v\iL h. e,a iE bmsd.]4 in @'t
b d Albdnid rftrid, In md.r ttt h .ffi..kd uth t g'.a whhUr! iR
n.rslllmmb uil tndic6 of dt tt r, od 'sd.r
the beialr, vkcb @ia u b tb. M.
Mout i. Ghe! p66, d . tholq 2 nomd ^N itutrd ol id.Ptutn
br.qttb r.
 It ir @6inbL rld tb. rtbd tt'm.lc PH ENOT YPI CA L DI PF ENENCES
ditr.id .,tlod ol ntirtdliy. In ordd b BEr V BBN T FJBEST
SLaI lsf rctL
6 thn trt s M b rblc tc If w .Eng. VALJDATION
6c wird of V for tr chdch, flm *@ Ir G .:dn!
b nn:l indq ft.bbhd th. following{s dr e@6Dhi€r ditu!*im
ot drhsro|rftic :h;dd d@ rh.
Eiba Wi'rur dd IoEr tlrt rh. Edl
i; e L4q rhe Cotu cioc thd rIE FFnl 'g
Te 6: \.euB or V m ]? Orr'd$r, dm or al; Dinin:d. l!@ bs €d;dfoF
BrTrlM, rigr reriffi, do jdllmiio6 d ibhigDdG,
rq r les $0 !.6 dd drt h mv b. de
rivd hivodqUi Irm $irul. laov; rue,
uddd ddi!{i uditim_ @ vodd rd!
M d.'.'.'...'.','.'.'.'.''-.'..'.-.s d': cddidd id MA&i . Gh.sdiE r nd
odilry, Tfie E@1.. s E hlE IE in
EIs; bmDly:iohEd o,r.yi 'a
wi.hh ffijcEd e.nrtic cn od!, Dd "*ry-g
.{ia
tlk Droduc oi loel :nd nulr didsnti

Ttc Etrlr i5 v[* N nielE b. Ld 6 q-

Dd Th. !mrl6 fm &; lo dib6 difd
;d fnm rctr dhs ihd do rl'. uiiv}
bom vtir. affiies 0f tudft !rl@F
As . rhoL, thc tib6 e 16 wilbl. th6 virhin ih. 43 tu. and rle diftinG i!
tlE bEl Ei6. O.ly ? di!.s, Hc rnd Mrd, s Eroi drr d.f, rih€ flrd . diiiislt
fom .ieDti@ b thi! mlc T1$ tts @pl. 5s;,aa F nriioa fron .n dn6. W. e
qs dli.n 6tro i 6idqt loeliq. tha M{i @ darli@ tnh l0 dif*.nt @drri@ D[6D
&m . vidlslqil ud &lii'itrle di9tE ry?elit. Ividoe fd d; tr b. prirmtd
roDddd, B,} e{ ei.h ild d r @ *i."i.'
;ri6cidr ot ldi:rio i! ristf.drr i€u ,", *o
ths ib nd h tlr bbl di*: Hd is mE ---*' '.,-
ubh J., 4t ,osibl. in&dib'l dif.Mc -
my
rdi6L in lpd t.igf,t r[r if,e ml si6 by fi. ronnd. D{fi Eih. rlso difid lron tt @l
sia @lidg Jt did.ffi fd dch clidiod.
FN Ei66 e ftbly 16 wilbL tbs a!. Tn€ nmhd of si6i6sr (l d noE tiG
wbdh; Lmq Durosi4 Mirj. . J:lov& fd N.r didd.n6 o-u of r NibL i0 td 4J
Mildid ruo al &6t D. w otnt IN pa irt ; i" bnh 7.
d Cdholit tiba, ,at rl f6 rh& Zdic an "n*
6(ffi shs i[it in. l0 dibs of Mom-
ir.lrer, on thir t6& th.ir Eld:E !@ bin Gha6 dif{ fd th. bbl si6 si6i6-
emiv n; md.cddrbla B$ L@ ud sdv l16lv fm bL\s of !X ctit.rii
-Mr&i. n.si!.d. bd lim ach othE in .m mE
Jrlov& e Mdy or vhony Mda
lN M mr B th. sooonid in rh[ s@w
do thd drdq f@ tlE oti@! Tf,. M. .x@'.d bv chae ;1d., Difmnc gi tii
siicnlifu Dd of .L nd rdion, ir ridpLr grc*6t ii dE grc siz diD.6id of rh.
th.r e tb.'lae b@btc.Pht c ol du rb. bodv. d hcl!di..lh. @i'l Iffirnu
hr.t ltis ir th. .E of the @id nd t* or d'. chd BodiD@ilbs !o ld ihm
nEh ol N frb.l i|if.@tiniotr lid. si,! i6.lt Abo; thr;.ct ih. i pri.dp'l

ffih*.1,1!. Ndft E rqitu@ 6r!oos!

rll lEni€l ctu or !l riha lqd d! ffi Jor 9btE d4tt)4oery* [dd4bdm
d or-FbHGtlq sd atu i rffibe b e
 dimks of th. bnin 6e .nil th.tr indi6
d. no* divqdi Ttu hoE nEl did.R6
of dE fre dd d'.ir indic di6d ilE ldr
if r ddision Ekd on th.n d@ ir wuld b.
h:rd @ doot@6 rui'] difift.@rid in
rh. Gh@ noonl!ff, SrFtEl dir.6 ol r
f(., d rhc egrsl-ho;zdnl indtd. dltrd

Fron .ljs w. mv sv th4 in 3 EFG rh.

trih6 vrr nlbid[r ri@ r[. 6El ind lrdD
d. 4odi& (r) ui body di,rl1iq s€dy,
r?r n bdin 4. dim.u {d indic.., ndly
s gEdy: ( r) in t[. Sd l@grl5 oI rlE frc

a.pmddid rhd n r[rmdq b r ler

di.nt. In mt Ep.ci the Eibs showr d.grc
of nline. honoin is-'d the @a or
th. hdiizo.t.l d;nd;u or !h. f.ce Ercn
h*., hov.d, tht djficr moE tnrn .hdc

A limi&J td h6 bd rdt of i'&tuihd

di6d.rc6 in 73 ots.frrid qim m bbh 4;
h.r. rh. di6mn6 bffid dbs dd bEl
w.E noi c cdecd-d! d.t[od ucd vs 6
c.lc'nrE d. DrcbrbL .ftr .l Dd.nEF bv
a\. cbr6 0l tudr.." fd b &t dr ng.i6
TrbL s d.notsb thn .leJ infttuibd
ditrdnc rF hlrdd ro ddo'lfu& in th.
o!*s.tic ths in th. trEic.l ch.d.q
tsrh.F by vitu oI tlE nre.f tfi. cidil
iftffi.k! sine a p.r eft of rh. drd.HG
ovd I p.. m b. .snb.d b chtra it DY
@ sii sinc! r 4ml rllrMe miAht R!
b. rod. fd khd.d i.:c(]Dcy, dif4ns
in ch,.tns, n 1D.rdc. .i rlif,.dt M-
cnR dd lilhicoDditioc dc, I 6nd ir
hnd b clrin idjd r€oDl dif.m6 ld
.bs6 of.nEril ehR f.w.r thr , Fr or
of conbmtioB t. dd I p.a, In f:d roa
in M.l *ctie(:t@ in tun dcv.lopMi,
fom nd dftdiburir rd in oi6dEti@
Ptui ainrl difi.lw6 o.0 ;R.n b b. or
liid. .s.mmc Ti* chtrcEG d DE
ci*ly th6i etu.h md dthroPologisE f.d
b h. g.rcdc In th* r6pru, !h*r@ N
Ghlo momuin 6
ih.r-hinory wDuldl.d N b.rP.e
r tuhLhi i'Idi.4 d 6e.,. I

c!fu4 bbl.',..''''''''.. l% +t%

'
 ld tlE oh&mnoB of rh. body.nd ol th. Mirdia .ld. Thc srm t *a Grd @
boin 6., how.i thcv ditlci noE inm rgrh in this c. d]|. norit'xt*, ritfi gt@
ch{E md Echriol.rdr vodd iNiry. In mqrb @hid in Duldaiut rhc .'fu
the. 6ily hiueGd ch:ldii Eiioml bord;r Fibq irclDdiq_rhc
Mrtn_. li.o,al Hr!\
Lq rnd Di6ri, md rdthvoq in.ludi.g

ll;

REGIONAL VANATIONS IN BODY SIZE Mndir., Mr4 ed &d.ina vi.h MidiE n

rh. lMr mir lr lhotrld b. obxd.d thar
Thc min di6@ n body sizc lid it tn. rh. 2 Otnaic tib4 Dd{*in md Mirdit,
mnhr@th do@ b.M th. Eib6lieins !trpt4ldiy dscdded fom r gup ot b,od.
.n .irhd sideoI .ri. Drin, ThGe o d$ rcni di rE rb. l.ffdil. in ebq body pmpd-
E I ftod 6 mdlM6 nllc. ih{ rh@ o Eq sd ruc@ s.n€tn.
th. sdti. Tft* did.d6 d gFr6r o tlE TDa9: Dn^MoMra S@Ezs
wd th6 to di. d $ thr , d.6 mv b.
Fnfit 4 2 rdl nodvea d inm.dir6
;r4!a ud r$d$ntiM Th* !s
di6.. rho in bodv eoDori@ in thrr rhe
noithM dib; . M:dhe ud Duk-

x @in) * brod{h;uldd.d
.;;
-hil.
Mdri. ; J.ldes,
',[tiin
6. *n.-
6d lou.'m.d
dha iiclndiE
vhnc 64 @ d.ndm di
Mffi in rh. shouldd, with $. sdrh-
l^eM id tld. diEil siort 6d dddd,
Th. of rcbuticiF & 6cb.d in Dulolo
wh@'cft.tl'Ltic iibd;n dc..d .I or]l;b
r tulcd d.re in thc s.cd dn .ir Ar- In n\. otenrioF ot hodyf@ DuL.gin
tholsb w. ;cL oEbB ?d v.ight which sulds otrt I th. nd dhldic oI d tb. bba
Podd be nor vrlubl. hG * hrk th. bur in @6n r norihiotrth ilielid Deftilt
aidhcc tG dvn.m@ {u.a. {hich Mhti;i4 onlv thl .i6i6s! didddq
Evals th.n tupiddity in mrtuld tu€tlr w q th; DoLsi. d;.rts in ss.r"! me
ditu triile rhc nn\.m Eib6 r lat
DUE{sinmn K I liFl. 9ME r thE thde ftI ddrlo*il Th. 4 mr[h di6d { -
or M.l;i: . Mrdiq bm ihn dif,.Ene n nd drinq Miiirq M.4 dd Dibr.) .@d in
simifiml Hop@. both Dllorin rDd Md- p.EdDgB of lhm d4k. Pnib Z:dliq
sii. rradl. r e@i6ondv lh_nFr ths !I
of rhe .du rih; and; d. .-ihK Hs. Tt 3 Dihm Eib6 ded in + lhooldd
Llm nd Fi.r e 1ll I si.rs tld Md slG ih. $uthd Eihd in r, To I i@in
rnd Mndi4 Pttr ir tuE ! th; Zedrim s dia cnd d.wldIrr llE inffiIv to
w'L sd M,ti6 . J2tror* is songd d'd stu: Mndi6 sd Mni G the chsia .nd
M,!n . J.lrd& rh. ld s, Ha 3@ldl olt li or of 4t Eib.l.lif{.nc {69%) E 5i!-
s ooddElv EI :nd va cl's. 11. e. - ni6st, md ir vhich dr w.3ffi;n Eib;
bd bqd6'of tfi. fterL., tug;ded b h.r'. c I b 4 ird* Doin6 nG hncf,vdhrlic
bncl siCDtc:m fim th. sr.lpodt of ge L\u if,. .N@'In rh. lordlh.{tt'iodd
drl holin Dd vizoi vw litdc l1ie lMbr obly zl (4?%) * !'c 66ir, rhiF sr of
cllm i md pro-ootr.A r th. di!6 oonh mrG is t Fiq md onlv Z.dritu shM sy
of dE Drid, Noft of i\. Ghd tubiljd nd!1. xilIriB. Ir tf,. bRdrf, h.icht ii,
n.d dmgn ro 6t b DrodG !Mb.d! drx rtu tud i. r [id. ndi! lfult;d: ,6
dd.m.;in ihi didid tuiidm k nm- (t3%) r. sisrifst, rd the nns. e:in 4
{iffi, In g.nd:j, btr@cts r plupet
dlh of th. Dliq eh* luhd cuft is isnq md-h.ad &sdrh rc; d md E
lRK rnd h.ne Ddvic tilr md @ E do6 rh. @brlc sdd whiL h.isln b-
-rcmcdr rhe difdiG b.lllb nlli r d'c6 hil to shdwr cl* p.osnDhisl;rtu
lunbr .w. Dd botucl potuio R m@ Th. ohs.mdo6 on ti. in;lid hi'L .lu-
mdr.d thi ry ollt.E c!lv6 e nGi dF cidri dB t ndmcid n ddil Lmr rd
rlopld in Dotigr md ltlirditr, mdag ih. Pdrr .r..n in.c.ipitrl p.oflddl i. which
Z.dJi@ Mrlsis e Midhc. If4 Mdi .nd Dibfl
Th.fdsh@Unt wi.lility, ' ' 4 ndblv ruino. Mrlis . M.dhi Z:&is&
To sm ti& d.e !a s. 6nd ell n.d mn{ rd Mrti ;t hiph ; o6DEl diftsru. eliL
of $. DnG stl' suin d.ct6ins nedly 6 Dulagir M:ls6 . J:koft{ hn , r;a Alkr
om noec suhvrd;b dk @ ih. iBdnd r low in it, In lunbdoid tr..nirz hlrwvd.
of chda is nuch 16 nrk?d thd i. thc vd Dlogin i5 I'igta! Iolow.d by tia tib6 b
In fra-r s@ .!s mY h€ ri6i@Ed: thc .h. 4 Th. fqo.nci6 of ih6. : fom ol
nonh*cr th. @.nd'rhc $irhw Id &mjng ft highidough b r.onni f.r ruh
th6., ss, in g.n nl. tn ncrrohsa oI rh. difi.r.ne in had fom lhoM by dE
rh. bt @ ot rh. norntu61 vhd. rh. .dF r@€n6 fd iddic6. Hw ru.h, rill
.m.E dd b . llnld* lom Dd6dn sfl$
out .h.r .ll th. oii6 fd sdCdi.nd *h-
ldc d!(rormr, Iololrd clc.ly by d. Rj.GIONAL YARIATIONS ]N IEE
,c',&r of Misn. [t:df,e Mfd'E fo owd
FOR,AOF TEE TACE
by M:ii rd Zr im., lj6 .r tlj. dh.. dM.,
fh6. r€giond difi.i.nc r. s gr.n 6 th@ Mdsi. . M.dh! hs siminddy hrdda
brud Noru.y md Ftuc., or Inglsd rdd forhads tln dl of ifi.;rhd Ei66 vhich
q litdc lrowioE elehtlv b dE
6i md $dlL N;. o-ur{iI 20 'uolE
of dk ns.r6-
REGION/L VAnIATIONS ]N IEE cmt dif.rm6 t.ed rh. dbs ii ihi3
CR,4NI'L YAULT r.{@ft w eu.d hv rlrc Eculi{ie oI
Th. [.d L.8r]l mm6 lry rdly 7 ri i- MrLsn e M:{the In ih. 6i're;dq M;ki.
nffi, th. be&h n.d 6 miuin.4 ,nd e Ildhc ud Durarid boditrmd. coo.r
th. h.ighr ,1niUitM, uib.Iy. Thc dif- for x our of t7 of i'r $oGcft diEdd6:
tffiG e similicmt tn ?3 our of 4t @ Diba d( wow i! ii-hitqrlv di6alnt
fd hsd r€nFh: 2t oft of 4J for I'ad bE.drn, fr.n rn bot L Th. b'Fiin is rh; md m-
dd 1r dt or 4r tor h.id h.jghr. Hdrs ft tur of .I n.sff.i6 nd Dujlrd4 rh.
lored ir rh? norhv6r in6.di& i' the vidd i.w4 rcous tor 6 on of tl-sisni6-
6i md:fiofrd td thc ;uri6. an y r crnrdif,.ffi. odrv @. ditl@ca Du6d.l
Dibr:, s.6 de 4 inn6 p... ooe mry sim
$m .I5Rhk; in h.ighr rh.y ded in n{iz dK ditrft,c in t@ bmnrh by
Zirim, ad M.bh e Mrdhe md R loud *ei@ !h:r i. b.nl th. brmdd fr6 r
n M*i md Dibr:, tolloqing in g.d.nl r iJi ronn*;r bd rh. ffixr h ih.
'ni
ldthrdr tht th. @rw (lif.Enc c in
The aiorl n;.tio6 mm. out d.o 6. trptd !f,tr ot tli. t1c rnd dt t.d in ih.
n@ nrkay h thr c.phelic ind.i, in phich
 In th. h.id6 of tnc frc od. Eih. sddj lf w ooh dom b th. ctiq hmm. @
!is- ryE flm r[. od'.E. He ir bs tli.lolsd tibc di6d fon dl orhs: Dulr€in ha
6rl dd opD.r fre h.ishE, bv f:r, of rll_ b Idd r Ydc fd crid @iD@ tlf ev
th. bEl lie [.i!ht it mmb; Lr Nd ol 22 ods Eibe rd !n dR iE ,ihi6tur: ir r!;
t@i6@t diE -Enc: r th. oN fre hG nG b'!t rl chiB rhb rtr od,a md i6
h;eh4 o.trr of ,r. iI * id@ hd. dr s6 ir 3i6i6w in @h qg, IE cnin of
othiE e mlch rI. lmq eirfi ih. shocr Ddogh s;rdi d nN6t. c.Dd@ b thc
fca in 60rl! dibcioE in dl.solthlts@ oihNi* uiflm ' DGiti@ of dE Mlfu;d
816 H.r, thar, dr dicnodiy i! t&. Gh.F iI fn lillfu fbr Drmin.Dq bi-
Eru .U othd. lrftr:l chitu lhotrld b. ,gcirrt wirh o q-
Th. rMteFddl indq, shwiq the rh cd of siz:nd !ffiErh n m s|uiw.
tioship b€Mh h.rd btradrh of lonhdd Th. n6d of ihe Ch6 vh l6dr i (irri-
bEdd', mid oily I iad.r poidB, md t ftRE r h.iShq 0d. rx n i'rftu in
might b. .:Fchd tf,. 5ffid.si-t.rd.d diSs bEdiht Hra s niehr b. ctMr.d h5 dr
tuE ib.low* vrtu s, rd ih. r.lrrfu- l@d nc bE i .Lo hd rlc bredd
t d.d th. hic[6c No !i@1. cib. .r @D Nni out d 2l riaiidr dif.md ir nd
or ribc d6d;sd!h6 iudlin dln chridi hckhr e dc 6l|l! Md d oGof r in
Th.ephrlcflad inda Elrridg had bradrh bft;ddl Th. D6d idd.r rbonr a miE
vith thr lovd r.lG in illc 'ffi 6.nd !ft4 hi!n,
.qurlly IiEL r;din T[. mcGo;nl i'- e n th. v.5t, bs rll moDxiroE rfi. lorfoi
d; roc.ly lmd hd J-6 of ju !iSD; nmr ffi!, Oft oi r] doiEmr difer-
'i 'll, @, 6 r. dE to dE frd ild Dnt'gin is
di6 ti[5 od. ind{ tsir b.ld dd of tfi. bgMc
drns m doMr o1 iE rn 6addr wL;.h Thr ob..miios of n\. nG vhich crn
; a lint brodd for i6 siz drr tt'. oth.E, ou rtudy inb ni'rE d.EiL m6m tn. !i.
fi. froncronirl ed zEo{oni.l hdic6 e lut bL @iorl col'sq ol lm of thn
d.n h@ danfur Foi'ioir or 6 sidiim or3ln. h d;@ d.pr6ion rhrE c no dFi-
dl4.dc r ft f.m( rE dn. h ;. h!6d 66t dif,.mc ri ri! rd ri.E @ rdi in
fGha& of Mlbi e Mrdhq md r[ 4 in th. thd nd ciricd chffir, iho f6 of tf,.
a hfr- b Mndiot FnbiMtion of r nsd Dro6L. In nor h.iqht rnd bnds
&e bedth dd dr @F*d nmdrble'.diD
ol dL hrilhtDibn os r sliEhi a6 @r r fav
lY. m,! MiA6 &, Matuir Gks Ohtu- on{6: DibE ji aled a fiftl. mffi h .
r!0. t ait i, th6e hhi@ttt frtctrtim of biids! bnsdtlE. roundrs ld 3 onr ol r0
t . r.dd rrd lr.. rirf, r.ry slistt ddi.i@ sicnftdnr dif, .cd n d;.I![dr Mn-
in a. o16 0iM1id.. Mrilir !;il Midih sii. Mrdl. @of,6 for 7 our of 3 $ch dif-
Th. obr.mdG of di* chlll.6 h.lp I.mG ir .ip rllicloe. lor jt ii .Iiehdy
.@ nd. ln th. hJrhr dd slor of rhi thickd d.n tic othe( rh. .M dbE *
foEh!.d, dn6 no diEdnc6 of dttiiar r lirl. rhinds, T*lw out ol 22 diffficd
vdidit o(ff- vhn. in t[e ob{d.d hErdth jn tiD paiDotr rrlc tll. sEE rs id rh.
of th; fo&h.rd LMr. Prlq 0d Mdsh . Hr id!. r difdne ror qiih w sh-it .E-
J|l.N* mm m ld ir tfi. p.t6Eg. ot .idy rcobi r! th. fom oI the nNt ;trE
rnoth.i hi.hty sieDrhr chr:@. d de
.nG of nlminr r !d n dE siz! of th. tib. hs ioi.6rinr Lm h r criniel
bbdida or in phbdl.: dE fow.rd iut of !@, rhu dr o!\s:thc f; dir*de b.-
rh. nd;. di! r;rhs ; sn'}lirc ;f th. lkn th. diprcd rnd m.dim EEsdi6
chcl6, In ih. 3id.wi* dst of di. r,ls lhoq r d6 of .h. cmDtE d fom in Hs
md n tk Nmn.ne of the emirl sEI6, no! ud Dtbra Th. shaE ol ihc stu ir s,
m.inrllimi6dr did.Mi. @ b-; round sEnt,.rdtpt fd Zqdnmr,phich GliFi6dth
in dr -Ne-ndl erlG of ue dqoq. 'ELRrn ft&ht .dDr.d b rll oi th! .em htei:
ln. olllmddil vfii;l in tli. Dcliniiid of tb. *I)l]e rtk $E!n
b th.-,iirholdi6l
ris r;hiffi of th. fdq *l6iv. tib6, Mrrris. Mzdlq a&ir* $d lridjb.
or rlrcitt. n6., ad mdth, thc Ebd N shov a siFidcmr 6d.q b M dom h
mnp.rnoin vith th@ b tfu e
 TUMoWI^lNsoFGLffi
A f.w f6tud of th. $fi Ps ol rh' do dor lN me posE oJ obtrrdo .Dlgb
dnw .ioficM hbd vdi4id Th. a6@ b cotrfm th;.. In h.ldn.ss,n it Ha 4rid
"E rh. od6, : dbtinaion vhich @ b. qPl.jn.d
Eibe ;FcuLiv z:din., M:l5ir . M'dhq
rd Dilo€i4 bie hlg. minoddd.vid'.d on {orhd t'sL In the dwiis of bed }Eir
EEn d.fold! K r th. 6t e E rur! l'Dd fmm bdd {.G) Di'bn dios u *6
Md In; Dubr tdd s ldow ih.n o"i' md otb6. MNche hrn qudd9, 9c
d i$n ccod6 fd la dt of 'F blow ihiclo.*, dd ty.brov lncfficY,
lfts bdi6
sioj!@r di6.M6 t P.lPabdl oP9nbg '?8 ,hov no r€i@d wntioas rd lndc t
ric lme mdtncr in tl6 :aoon6 in Y
D!*sga * lac ' The hEr.l d6idn ol ih .y.bros, h@-
of dk d ln df* of
on of thB mv b. dk @ th. tua tut I evd d.a es. Hc th. slit is G.ntirllY
tlsn 6 th. sow, in bdshr diligh! boi mt doidnv w/s &u; th. wid*
;.d$d thda
Md. of th. Eibs hd 20 to 30 Pd c.nt or h'osd d$:l ld;Dle bci@ ;dicddv
.f Dullrpil Mslsii . Irldre!, ?trlq ind b-

p! not ud
#*'.botJdoa
".'.,"ltT#t*i"'[,:J .ffi &ina *. dtw b6*Ed th6. of Ha
r@ Mndi4 M:ti Dd Dibd b dn lingk
oblqliry *cu. In
r klE;r E@pa6
nrmvlr.d^ro.sorqis.' siFdd {r 5@i6dt difedd
Th.liE ehoq i fo loel diE.ffc odit: ro ch'tr6 aeun! sth hrir qHtity, l:1
Duhlin hs $icLd inRsu.Dbl lip6 ihr .h. snfiMt d,6.mG ainj om ihnd o{ tle
od6: in rs dr or ?r iisd6dr e6: It$ d. drEfor folnd h iIE sinqt. cb'ffi oI
ffi low $d M,! I . tudn. high in nd- l&Fl.ft.n@ of thc et bdvi Ari& lom
b@N thlcltq 6 ! rry tiu d€gc d ih. winioB in @i.1lidt sd lor Ddrrgint
.*n @, Mrl6i. . Mrdha did Mrllh . Jilioris chjo tnn is lh. baqdt difi.He in ote.Ft
hrrc r litd. nft liD .mio. thr dt o$d noG m {oE{ id lir. In Ih! d\*.lom.nt of
Onlv 1f.w of dEt difi.enc Erch I ting rh. vrios_ $p.nu of th. tuid rir, sid.
a EicPr rd Duir frcn th. d.bi@ .o difi.me e
E..;rd only or!.h,s
i{int thicl npps lip, w. d Enoa 6. d foud, :rd in body hdr 'shlt
th@ i a Md.ncY rd
Tuoidc b ds !s, R hd Do ffi4de DuLrq n 6d Mi'ir . Mrdh. to l,I low d
ol 6da-u..e W. h1k 6 obemdod in $s6-6. sd for the 4M Eibd F b. hkt
rlL of qbri-h ooly 20difi.md of I tinB P a on th. hdrld ot€gorid. Tlid. i.ndoci6
or ovd c fouid olt of $el or 310 @r
p!rd. Of thd. only { e' oEr 4 P... rnd
an. @dE J p.. w. nrY trY .d tr REGIONAL VAPJATIONS ]N
6ddc. th.r iha Gh.E tib; re !|ft. in th. PIGMENTATION
feqbcy of th. cinPondi fidoF in .d In stin mloa mly Hd shffi ry @6i$.nr
difi.mc fm tha .dHj5.sltiE of tft*
lln Pd. Mdd 6 r.nilr?Ne Dihd
REGIONAL VANATIONS IN PILOS|TY rb' ti(hi in !0 p.r om of cr rhb
'boD! 01 otlu-tbd-lu sltis
h th. ob€F.d llm of th. ll'n th. dio miroiiv of dcftn
o{ d(D @ loP ErG i vinudly dE smc c nor 'only siFi6ot siiaoly, but rlo
h.ru.; tl EibE, dc€et fd g$, vtlch ir mbrblv .iM. qhniolt. Thl Hd nn
Krd.d b hrv. 5iSnifodY For de.e iv.G :l;o rhe nor k qnmdv
"ffnl,r.
w .d indiridDls tfi:n rI orhrr Rib.., e.pr In th. ned hdr coloi, thi ody difd.n6
for Lt'i. M.dhc ri Dlll8id alid. f'd of inpM! lj! h.rstd d. bl,ct rnd d,rlt
Ha rh. othd t limBuy ih. ema uqng brcM qtrsi6, rI bt€ (. aunv .n
o rh. DEYrktm of h*d t\lvidg in 5otr dos.d srih-r.& :nd blod&. Hs n m66d-
nihs ;d ih. fld dn nv Hs @d. dl @ for iu D€dmcc of bhcla di Dtrl-
lild n r th. ciq of Plizril! wh.E niod.n 4in of di! t 0m. Tb! mr p6ibly bc
h,ird6 r nor; in toc!. dt{ .15.w1tft, I dohi,cd bv @. ud bv h3ird6. bli it nrv
r'E no @nfid.dc n tll} d&tindion, In fi.n ,r"i, h. *r,l n.*ih- *; , rtuir
lfu.. z.drinl thos t hdlncy in rru Ior dd siiole tuti*ic2lv 3i6i6@r dllld-
of 6nm6,:nd LIm of b.i.g di@ dd de id ihii c]mffir i' ;4 io. In n@ch.
borh hlr $m. oti i€l erlidiry Ag!i4 I cold a i.w dilf*n6 rpp€d. s fo. .irmpL,
 Mrrlir . Md6., Duldgia md Mrtsir . J,Loea
End @ b. r linL tuF i. drl b'lry
Zqdrimr{d Dibn in !di!tr@ dil Hre .!d
tula h bldd:h.de\ dh tll. oih6. Of. tu oi b blrcr bd hdr Dd;!h h& ! &k
prtl 14 ditr*:B, dt 6trr 2 u. h.l@ 4 &thqqdDbEdngfte@.yE'
ric p,q rnd m b. dncosed.
In.'t oloi,, fo Etrdmi6.pB, Duk- WhiL rS. dif.6G i! body sie od had
l8id rnd M.Lir . J.lovB wirn ii pd edi ihrP. s. gftq dr rimildq il fc t@
drl b@ ded rboc brlf dk oths pnciry, ud DiPlrHErion n i.o @& ud
!8litddyl Dibn hs l .lnmdri@ of light GrEg5 lmL iliL Th! Eib6 th;r.L;dg.
qv bmvn €yq de.ri@ rI bfr t of tll€ orh6
Mr sir z:ddn: hN., Eid- emd $r .d!6._n\. 6i! brord h6d! of Mdsil
'snde'itry.
.rcy b qeit in dd iris folrK Tne . Mrdh., !\._os:nhradr{him.d risE of
pignmr difis.nc dy ddd !.ry Md Dulccic th. o.dnmd&d brdd.Fadr oi
g.n.dc ri:dq bur * Rtly oI ljrl. an zidn;r :nd lh. lmdiq ot lEbr browlrd
[ribns, sho widr ftd dibrl br.dnE r;rc
olrrsbn @ow. f.c md nlM.
REGIONAL DIIFERBNCES AETWEEN o''. of rlE DGr &eqlie @t6 0f rhis
TIIJBES SUMMAR]ZED in@ihrl cmp.rilon i! rh. dBcovq rh* tn.
Iiring bd rlmuh dl of rls di4s.n6 Ejb6 %ry nd :rnlg rhffilld id in dE
b.Md-dibc h dr ;huftE nt!$rcd nd dvdridrr di@ir of re, bur in vh* r
ob*nr4 rnd hreia rsd .I fd stniiol N.ly @id.rd b b. ddor or irm6.q!.n-
unln@ w 6 nos litr th. Ddicd$ ri.l mMiel faM. Il v. Be t ! 1
dj?mnd vhich itrdoR qo.n i6fld@ hotd ro dl. srinic of Y.lidftiq v. 6rd
in dE MornEir Gl.s phd6'F (6s. I2i ,), rh* Dltrd of 7 dm D!. o. oE rc nd
notiebla itr t[. bi1m;i:r did.@. i. vhich
Dudci. cd! dl am6: srn. ft@ rd
sdni h.ilhr lolow i. n;lue In dI.
a reL+ @E ioPls r[d4 gqd bok bucidn'4-Duk{ir de& ;n bot i6 1 truh
bori@ hle l4:br . Mrdh. Dd M:rdi .
ftiEb64cll,lldecDlt.gtdde&' JrLoiii by ro d no( dh$ p.!. ftj^y-
flr Ee o & !e rl@ Mr5. ! ,r!oG b Db4 ky.n oDid 60iDMlil (lltr.Hid ir 7 bo,ly
.bs.mdG wnici Ech.d t or roE iir;
pe v@ onc.n&d *idl butulc dd lwbr
tu86 c* 3d 5 qE ottt qFt d r @i cNq 4 dt of J rh* ded.d 6 p.a sft
F{qdudh{lEll.u;bg. rh. !0.. Agdn Dnlqid is thc odd dib..
, ' m l c b o e &!{ * ' b d g !l 4 d @ ,
e& ' @ ' b b & @ i h o 4 h d 4 q d b .g h
I. thc ners.nob {d indics of t[c h.rd.
dilli@ l i i w 4 d fto p F e b & 6
4, difi.ruG ol 7 d n@ rirc Di, e
odeialE@dgEch6b!!ftuhMir'1! tomd, rchia d *n. of 14 D.r, in !h.
M ' dk ' o d 2 d ' 4 w d .b b d c e fu 6 * d d ompdm baMh rh. c.Dh,lic indd ol
t6@np[b'bdbepl'J''{ch'ghdDhbF' M1Gr . Mdhe rDd l-ml lrcl5L . Mrdhc
T ns d Mg { q h u d ' o frft.s d g ft@ de& sI orhd ribB h hBd bE rlrh by 7
or th! inads. In d. obdfldffi-of rh.
ch!nJ':'TiuvdrdGt!'itnnud^r4 h.id. b{|llcih.ly Lads.l in tib,r di6@n-
rqi Fldilidc ecu! bsd 6dd ;! Mr&i r ri:tiotr folqi,.d bs lubdoid nmnir!.
M.6?: drsE rr hbkt 6d eF obliqunt Th6. I f.rtu r. ;on6hkd in Dul,gi
bui !cin\.r od 6 o.. adrnn. & ,l@
$onhy Dor;o "o nuch l& is @idol dcn
iq,afub]tqd4qrclvdrd3frqdM
qhdd !@ n ' Ed ftb e i s l d * h c F . i'ra, j. wl ch h lhffi hondB vith M,!ir .
Mdh., s lor i6 hck of Lmbdoid ntuing
 ln lh. fq dJy ? f.:llE eir higb EriG
of sipinm, rh. wid.-eErlils .Fbss
d Ddqi'! s cdDw.d b Ht5 vhicb rEir
c d6 dd in: lc! daR 6 Dibd sd
Mrdr rl ';.,:ili. bilsEdl chis o?Dul'siq whch
rDD@n 9 D,4 in mnDri$n with Puk4 i6
dar th. ftid rad 7 wilh ]\,1*D e
'hbd Mirdita Z.&i@ .nd Mrd,
Midlq
Wh.t @ th. impotur indibtl Eid6,
tf,.( n Mibi.. Gh.FiBl Noi sbbtq d
hrinM, d rhr sn:Daof the hed (rldrqh
i6 bE dth n ino@i.d: d t[. rom of ifu
fr*bur th. bi.dtn of thc ahoulds, tn
f,ilnc of rh. odpitr bm b join th. Pti-
.sls noodnv d lobita t[c dd of rh. 4-
broE dd t[.luhit of iL nddibL b foE
. lnr @ ci6.. sid. oa tllc cf'e itlfud of t
br iiri. niddL. WhdEGdaUn!sith
ahdv.lv homo{.M6 FDohti@ nlcl !
ih'r or i s4 6l*d *!f,dr or r E&opsn
iion d tlur on. obeis rh. nd vdid fteiond
difi*'G, It ir hy thc rDDMcc of sh
didffiB dd if,.ir spean idrtion rh.!
Md c fom.d, In M.lri. c Gi@ne ih.
no* p.cdir ri6. by fr ft Dnll€iq which
 AGE
,_f!HI didGiod of tim cd e?* b. 6. !.* plre, cmin n.hb6 of if,. .ldd
.t nela-d in studvi@ tl'. Doe.nie of S.ndrim highr Lrrow who s dE old6t,
bodia -iidud@ rhc ;r 6ltfu hi,i6 rm fd th. binh ods of the odrE on dosn, bur
n rfi. scrlc d $_hichw gmw b mtinry md dEy vo'id nor loow h4 old df dc lru
qj8br be, Somiro rl'rr co'id drE r binh
tift *! 6 l prc;lffi, r'r ;br 6 ln.Eg; Dwhiy by tu. Ioul htdic.E|! iod r[$
r{Dld eir i $riebL mhd. Mon oin.
do th! cmpm.nt uibd;b;i6 D rhc I hrd 6 E ry lM iud@.nt or th. hdn
@ct (1) in whit wv dG iE q.'srydnaibu of bdh dpdi,A 16; glE R4 wnillq,
tioi, r6.cr th. tupubilirr of rhb-vnh odu gdybg, ud rh. lil.. lthd .l]..d dr.i! |g;
si6: rd (3) @ ihr .xddr il { :lL do dif-
f.EI6 in @ rccomr fo. 6. intcrdb,l bd, "AbN ro," "P.rtr'Ds_d\" .b. md tr6r
dl6_@ dg@xttr t1a pign.nt dd snil. individu,ls d..ld;d th.B.lc b b.
pro,ryi d@d m tne Fr 6.pd/
P$irs no iuuio6 s b nv rliud ro
ACCUMCY OF THE PRESENT:DAI:A iudg. ,e.-b tuM, ootdoor liea ;hr.
Probrbly ror moE thd r doa of the @L+ I bdjft rh4 ih. dqG ot @iey of
rdlll1ro mn vhom r mffi.d h.* 4.tiv tji. re. iudsn66 b mae D6t q ;od-
I'.* -.ld th.y * Not. of th. oldd nr; !i,t idly, W. r Ged r[ : pr.bebL .!or,
did. Thc Gh.p n mEinRE worL dd bhv nor o.lv ol sdi@, but rk 01 tfu rffi
hv f!mili6. u; nor bv d. rad* Nodrin; of rn idrd,lic.fr. T[. Ltu r.ndeE ih:
j,i d"i. *i, .f liri"E;.rl;*; rdi. k *l: G of r.6n!d ftiriol @E $rcio6.
.dq. or a; s.aur,_soffid vhm I M rsbh ro.Elt6.otrly ihe 6F ff. of .ff
m-sring_r gdp of 20 or 30 nct\ d flm

tEc8ml. Dllrmmrox
 Tl{EMoWrANso!GNG
$. bdl n rd noa 6rn t ti'6 th.
ACE IN THE SAMPLEAS A llEOLE fm
Ftisici
erobrbL doi ln ih. following
Fmm it e. nrY s iht th. 5sPk E r ;r.rdd, shdes r. @pr. Eibt smCd
uN me rd th{ it itrludd1 vd. sPnrdi
Mrh.rch oih(, v. nK im bdtuidc
rom I b 6t vd 8d o€, vith 4<h :st
bY r nisiellY s d 3-yd problbL tPf oI |gt m@. frm
on& oE 19 rysdrcd
w. md .:!cd N ld o 4{ F{n .d dt *. md d 6M.r
;d.q*a tui.tulli' vdient r difi$.ne in ra ti-
5hd .r€rY conditid rron ld
cr m 6 -b6"mpl" ls r€iondry dim it
doldenc b i.ndity. Howr, b.jog u_ d- ;hi.tr d6
dict 6glc .vd * th. did tn thi. 3-y.d sps in ihe !di6 6
rbh b obbin 4. 'g.
llffi dc t.rl, I ihrry oui r obuNry Thil qu6on 6lffth{ c@plicEd bY ih.
i!1mffi'boy3 m ne( how old drY cldnEd fd rhri sotu dib:l ldnpl6 4 moE die
m bc :nd h.nR rh. r3 ?0 SroW n,/_hr
b.rn (1.(d. At th. odd.nd, I r'.d nd o.6rd in :e dnaibrtion ih:n dh€6 Thn
i[ b! me;ed by rh. vdn6 ror .!. $ndsril
to BId bd-ov.r, toodns old @ d.f@.d hE . c ot 9.2t Frq ?utr
of sik d.eY It.nR dY d.vhrio.. Dtrt liir
_Ane
bv th. dis6 of 1r,70yas, t th! .xtrird. Thit
oidd d. md. mv b. sl.d.4 ine
'ko
,ll Jb qunY rt ti. ,iifid.n; of 4.4t y.s=J.71 r p.a dd this
*dLV id Dd *dl{. js rhs srinicrlly;oGl*. This aifi.rcne
in vr$ixd ni; iGo be ffid to qu:,lry
Th.-ffioL. isofsr d n i, .fftc nv6 d.. n*s ; etoin ds ln . ch1trRr i',
n !r soid $iEbl. Ior mci:l fld), si@
wl'ich rh. liq!'st du6 d. fmnd .r, 16 s
r [;lud; rh. whoL spr or rse in vtuch rnd k hri.
t d sv, rl. rJ-rFvd-old@.l{4
ricill siftd.6nd tlEii full.rTtsiu ? irmDlB 6cli with r ren a. of 13, thm
1llo bc s.d in r liniEd m. b sdt rg.
no $t$ituE tor . th.g;oL sln d,t losd d miv b.
chs!6, h is nowi 'alo.nd. " This is
.rEcka to snw tll. hiqh.r
lFdi of chrnF, Y4 bY Yor, in 6. !M .Iov r litd.
ndi;idul]l sih i3ddy 6 n{d b rol.. ror 6od!d l€n shy *_ns
no& rhrn $. oN.ntional 4dt of L.wY
th. ohe(d him.lf liia on ih. sf. tin. in rlllNirE th. dinict siFi6dc. df
('le 6 hn sbj.c Aee chrg6 lddird i'
rms or difcnt indiridul, bK r dtrs di6.mi6 hiwd dibrl rnd dn.r lDpl6,
n@ liniEd ,ppbetio U ih. sdPle t
s.n.dglly cd;or in ih. s.n@tim c@d AAB AND SIRENGTH
irnd x le d w d Ell. rhn m. 3), dd No .iqlc @dio cn bG fomd which d-
ih. d'd.@c h.s... 19. grctrF indicrE o6d rf,. ch@ip h.rrih. lid
.hrac rh* hdft b..n goiig otr dong o. ;is.l, 'ruiry.
,[- h" *ued,'
Dr@i. coDen.d. Bv thb m @ hoP. "i-qir. D
-& rdG rd hdd squ.E
T;bk ii --!bo6
; i*k d.* p..A^i* ':r.d d* b
ch@i4 .tvtomnEl idums"h..g |fug d
rh. ;€i|ns .idEr.derdY r thFlsh rh? TdD ll: AtrADSreNffi, ft PouMe
,gdcy or g!n.6c ffidn # RN@
^e
TNBAL VANATIONS IN AGE
Trtl. t0 .lso .hos s drt nen .9. wi6
@'odlv. Tll. ditr ltra b!ffi 6!
gfiple Ml4 :nd th,t or Hsa '€.
oirh. v;llas
!h..d d ;3,t0 @. d 34r tind P .
Tnis dltr@r i5 p:!b:bly gld dough.b
b. ,,lid, d.n dh.n ny iodgnrnt d Grgtrfg
@B b th. tubies i5 tskd into cd'@!m
-Fid rh. siDbs Doin of vis o.iY.
of ft dibs di6.i 3isr6crdY ron '|ffi ..cn
odd n 4. mq rlthough rfi! :9. r''g' d
Rch t viurly lh( 9n. Sn dt or l0 vary
 rud. ld .! d. @d6 fd 2o-t4 to 7r- on\.r @ crdE dn @ b. ilErpftd
bo &; f; dt-{o y* !""l.d o'r *.h ;"-i'd. Tt'n s u olM. side
of '*;
73 P6ibh
-d cmerilc, Pho w rus '; dr lhc lal6 Fis r th. EtrroP.f
dr Ddlina 44 EcL or nd. @ P r, 'gnoG
dd ud;iE Epdit lnE rga gDd. doG
w[A * &ur 6J dPrd 4 eeL!. n\. scoE
n tl onr of tt, Ecvd ol ine difsdd SsN. in ru nri6 .ha6 v..Y lid! Pith
aed 9,0orihB D... ou oddiffi .4h 4e {6E, 4). Onlv d d of ,t djfd@c
th.i. DeI of t@AatlMr in tlEir liE d{ *q..i iF snd{ ra.h I o0 dffi P ., oily
iLclji srow& for hilf r d.dd., md thd @. !dh; -4-m drc * Thn i bardt
lElm r@ nliillv.fE 4r. Th. cmbins sigdfimL Judgq by ih€ td _or nd
aon of lhsiold;idl ctl@ thrh di, @
nf6 tr;r b; @md ; dk ndiel md hdqt; r th. tr. dm d dEy r rolcq
norphologii:d d,aff which fol@ in -rh!i. hr rot. rh. rld 4 bodr .nd5 or
ihc saL mv ENd sldid, $ di!ru.d
AAE AND SEJ,ECTEDMETNCAL .{lid, rn ;v ;e th4 t no lvidde r['r
CHARJ,CTBBS dr ndmbin'popubtim Pt grosirg olls
TrbL lz pc* rh. :M for 7 *l'ct d dfttno ih. ld il'id of thr rftfi dd 6F trfrlt
ndiol dE!@F, ll iDg efthd dm nd ot d;20tn qtui6. nffi l36t b t929nGr
v iD:c s cdnpDr. rd Pr.s lge 9tu. m8
; rll mni I *l6d 5m. sNch h|F .
ol rh! MDl6 of een
alffic;G;rr .tpditritg
EmPr rnd dir
r shrdY gllMh
sNirl b.rib. d rhc psbl.ft of this ndY
; w.u s s6..rr ilN Th. 11 Yods vd did d tth rhc nomsiB of tdth.m
mhrblv bom rrE l9l0 n not nmtu Albrtu. Thn conclsid mY b. c.,Dfm.d
;nou[?o. rul s!$jsl erm.d A]thdgh hv r ftdv of tr mic of both.6. Th. olds
fty-&vift from rhe @nds shom L'Y th. iE ElL;it'd ih; t@su in e idand, rL
,J
vowd tltr tfiu th. old.. n 3. 'fh. n.m
;&; of dE oldd *6 l7t,7r c.mnD.@ of
ih. vo@r 1rt.47 cniin.Eu: !h. 4d d.
or tli. olds. al ,rs, or thc y;sd. r, r;.
L Aftric :nd .h.sh.( vh.rc rrovdl id-
csd re in Focq the ymg;r bmi[€E
6e llls thrn rh. oldd d6,r Tnis sddy of
sEe hss &venl thii6: ditr!ftnc bF
BJtI |c. smF5 e dEh! th{.r id-
'.
6q w m ontft ou ch.s! vii[ younsE
sid, se th. n.. d!. t0 will brtde didc
in d.n rot dd,r0\: sinc siz. clBn6 od-
Dsbl. b !hs. .m in cejn orh.r;Ndd
G not going on in the primiprl $gi@l di-
frftjo^ofib.ory:nnn\lh.gnci'pmb'b|y
me of th. o@nirn s r whole.
ah. iad l;@!h shN .v.n ks vdi{im
rirh rze thm tu, h Ld not. sinoh dif-
rnm; b.sd th. m;n or ti. 1r 1sr-snd6
f om !0 @ old mwrd ir 3etinicrllv 5s-
ri6cd. lmh.mor.. .o cl.r if ninor iEniG
e shoM jn tht redsid of non\ .repr
pGibly td rlE dip b.Mh ,t 64
'nd
''s.
In h.rd bsdr\ d th. @dtnry, d]. ll1?tr
imEs qmienrlv rd HuLrlv 6 dc {}
{+xr {. srcue,'md .h.; d€nn with tht
!mi. rtdLis- Irlis $mda r isdl hs
n6in€;.nh;ed by th; IG thd 6 or th.
sEti*isly ,ignj6snl- Tie .iphrric ind*
mi.roF h.d bft.dth. vi.n thc sd. s-
6ioq dd vith 9 dififfic of ,00 or not
ama Ds. of vhich 3 *ed 400 .nd o.
.xc*6 J.00. This cmbn{id is lfuu'I.
On. s.6 di. h.ad l.n.ti to prow with !R
d rh; sDdn:xv deGr * in. srt Driu
thin out: llE rG budm ol ra. chri. is
boft by dr bEdft. Thc .hrt or 2 idd
poinB in the qhalic indd which rcm-
pdd ihir ph.nohmd wor b. dplNaL
lor rh. Drrribdl difdrnG in dBt cli.ruEr.
sinc th. bib6 qhid oD. vodld *pat o b.
$.. ncr bDclycph:Lic ad r bdis of rgc
Ir rh. hed [eiqht, 6 difdnc G siie
tiellr siai66i;$ of th. u$.1 JJ- Two of
rho;rr;oE aan om ovd t.00. Th. hblc
iia ho*!v.r, no ftnd: hishd :nd lNtt
nul6 rlcmE rnndm. U;y f'mr othrr
$m chde is d Fbl' h.r., pffit .vidmc
Th. f:c. b.h.v6 difi.rndy qid, 4e (6g,
lJ) tmn th€bminff. Thi is b be.tp.$d
flm {4et v. ,irmdy lnow ol gm*n in hrn
.L.vhm. I1le biiEmrtic diM.r ,.tG on
rffi'q E rht lii {oi vhm it l@l; otrl
tl olt ol tJ dif.mG re j6i6@! 6r
ov.r 400, hd ? ovd t.m iimdps Th. @l
he h.kht eos antinuoBly rh@hout
Lf., th. -n.ri tl.E L".L 06. SiG.n d-ifi.-
.dc {. 3i6ific.nt vith 3 ovd 4.0o,,rd m
owr t.oo -rnn6 r.. T[is nd6 rh.t our
/Vounuin Gh.6 niev o.. BE oI th.n sniE
f:R hngdl D-d bft;dih, oqr oIhff E;pd
sri6 b tlrir oor. .d@ed 1g.. withdi
ib th. n@ dii;.Er rnd nlil inder. whrch
vd! no. s.riled hft si'c. rlEy do not lny
;ntturb f; Th. fte
in&mihrl; :d thN rqdE Innh.r @id-
 lGE AND CERTAIN SOFT PARTSOT h.re b@ rloen, ThE..|ill.mr biniouG
THE FACE ol (fip[ilm ( u&4 of ehich on.. GiE
IR, L-qDl.rn d. Tk irM@t of ds td
A nmb.r of Meim nar. b.!n m& _with rridilv rlthouh n; d..tly rlicL;
cffi
b.tuen @ rnd sdE oI illt $ft dE of rlr .e. @til $. tok,-'fs wb;ch d briDid
fie, d.Jr ot vhich n6d be civ; in d.Eit, n wirblc mv b. strinld d dE
o'r ebL lr, ody ihc chdd$ in vhich hsn of @th'[ich16; vfa k ili r Fdc h is
:g. .hrg6 pl'y I pd ol ilffi b 16 h4 I'ddd b ohl.m rhb chdad thd ih.d ri.t

epilds'.-.'....'.''']sJ'

NcA tunt., bt Pqc1qq

v
& qbi4dr ol,ImdG,'mdt, cm
_( I f-i.r _Dr. Mordelv
d.&dla&rto,rtrrtuhi! lhrLdltElstulh;;
isq,bn leg a FB!!8B. r;d h tu qy FosEi* 4v h dj'rx,r4d -
'fu
e DrslnL cdkelyi dr UP lnmbdq pb6l6 ir rsch.d o.ly bJ rf,. bE ,0., it
G Ii c cNld bc ob6cr.4 tLis dith 1g.. lm'iB fdrly @Ilfur odil th.l!r. J0\ r
'fh. r.lsioshiF b.tM thc fatu. dd rho idlgd Nbrbly d the efi
*!ioB d.trol ahecta trh s occluiot\ Dm of the trc'Dblerhilr 6c rnd tn! iip pils
wiI bc di5N.d r t[. n n ch.Pid For tha aomwrd Th. w m.r difd.n6 hiM
l,la6r h i! .nourh io st rh* Dd t L.i on6v! coni' dd 3E!.lr fd (nvd
k t[. croe Wil',i'ston l@k ol th. Mod' 'nd so & ih. Frc6dL difiedcs
ft siFiicrti
bioGh{li;ndoa;4.. Tb. a lob. .lso hN;.n 6. t0-24-y!rrild grclp dnd th. l
.bs !;diy, slowly ritn the dly d* rhd old6t dtadis, If @ @ b n.aiE r
ffi of 2dyEdd Ghlgn m wodd pmb-
Thc 6rl vi@ ch'4 litdq tn dp, hoe rbly 6nd migh n6 in rh. mioiry, widl
.8, dicr.B s_mduut s tfi. LE a05 rd
Tn. 6n!ii 06., e dd.ciirdy Di@ic n
ltrsht dd liol6;nfoliv in th.ii diadnn in En r fatu oI rF. So b thc l@ r,q
.fu.fl Th. Ddrion or dr dP, howd, !o'4 rh. rhin liF, flr "tyo€t'
_ Diruic it
cfi{C6 iodilt md 5ig ftrdt siih lg.i . pasrmiddt 2s..
':n
si6 ; dldi r Ei.fri@ o'f h AOE AND PILOSNT
a!id. f0; rh. shaD. of rl]. brcl oI ih. Trbh r,r ind 6gu. t shG d. chrng6. in
hdd. th. nc di5dncti_Ech'li.g ot Ditrid pi,6ry ht octu d od sd€ Ms fDncbg
6 ln. D'd pro6L, tlF high fqmncy of hNh
b.:h b.id dniiGiv., In M Frc.d sa E EbL l{ ;hoq thir ri!6 m] y i*h
r f..qr.tr+ ol t0 Pd d d m. lof co'w rg.. N@ of tic yonng6! rg! gdP m

T.B.. t4 AGE N tlm Q!^xrm.

1!@ o@G ,^w

hrl4 22 E. ht of tlr. old* we. Ti. th. cm dd kF i@ in d. 5m lGhion
thichd of dr bad hri s,hE my mid.4 a cn.&i sd jis uril di. nid 30\ rd tl8o
b.em g.rdDlry ndued flm tli dlt 3dt @is tuEni Th. chdr h1j. in.EG
dwt4 but tni! chugt ft i nimr G hdt of ,I }inds 0f hrn oheftd.
wth scfi i p.pDbrio4 ud this rpplis lor
mcr if m rll aelik" rDLi n i5iid.s rc
ompn 2cys-ollq ;!.h d 4 emmonly

spl. LiLTr[8. But !@ls vid hm @

b.sm JJ 6d 60 @ old qornd b. c6-
@hla ThB tla ou dbd mle
'lrd!
iLspit. th.L.ignfi@ rgc wi i@ s-sil
b. .omFnd qirh ech dhd in ft 7 siF ir
of htlin& sd io lhjs tudy.

AGE AND GFJ,YING

TrbL ,, rd fum 6 shw otfid rg.
ch:rc in rhc hrn-rh. oM6iv. 106 of
iti;i;tIi:i Pignift ehn :$, I6l)M_ a;gmyi,g. Th.
hdd hd bei6 b eftv * 0 .dLiq a. thm
thrt of th.-rubcFe phich ordrd h.rd
fian in d'. Lo Jors WlEd h'n qlfuiF
Of th. fre luir. rfil n@ch. ew E tuh6 ;6 rdDrr s'. h rt. rot 4it d*i'
f q s .'rl@4 ud cbrnEcdrctriielt littL, l.v.t od. qrvi@ ;roEffi in r dfdnr
nln e n ! mimr rid; Th! hrirnE ol r:lhior Fdn tniddyldi und dl. Lk {.1
th. ch;.i6 od j.* iaG.d ro t[. Etio oI n folo* orc EE of Dior6ion which sbos
J F I ud 2 b r. Of rt. dv hrii rhrt or $ . pdboh @ r *ighi gFph dd . sfrigtt

TrE lt, Ad N GdYdd

D*cdcnFah'rglcflFfuqt&mbig
adyosyd

6+-...,. 1r
i,|.J^g6dDlg€qfGr.,jng

# Msr' # rtuc

Lttubon....... s

Byn'ndgllfudhlooDftr!eu'
 H?L cdor !d &. Gnd6

e T{' #% *x *% * % # % 'a*

lin. @ r lmi-lo! F d; fM rh. lt {0 ! d- n{ffioa ,nd m n M in notion lrd djn

wd rhl nE chiiid 6d rhi5 qin lirB tfi. tn otl|d, Wb.n b.ldrc ii uLh oq flm
f@ of . .i@L-loFirlmc fudid k dn pddidg *did sd plftd m the 5m
solnd .pF Gdn tlit ilut rt lM 2 PlrJ^- cbJt, ir bral5 ft dcdy dk s.ft rs. { gry-
ioloeigl lr.@ {. Gporibh rd tht PnF in! * th. , r6Mjsl loci ndi.d. Thi! i! d'.
qi. rffi d rh. D. chn { shich r.rurh
6 3hoi,a bv rhl iruo||rG {c4 6!r
ofi fi.Flv: old ic ,@ .U MMbtn
ch.8r &tl$ b d& jo h;ry had in dF

AGE AND COLOR CEANGES

In ,I bur 23 {2.67") es.s it w* D6i5L b
6rd ..owh drdEd hri6 vidr t[. @y ro
rrL r ioEiia for lrn cobi As ibl; r
r&o sio$, bhcl hdr M noE 016 ri.d o
rh. hilhd d.G ol nvins .na d d}-r
kind alft ;d ndd_Lh-ift-h hrir ;[owd
mch l'lm erM6 dd th 3 orhd old
dEg.nG, rI- Iind, Phici 6d b fom .
{@D. k thb bde d:. hlr!-hrRd |lE
;-r'y.".g- d* t[. b* .nd [gn Djr.d
oi M 3d @rd
hrird ! d*v !w otlef Whil. w d
ffir 2nssfi- r[n vidt cmpld rs@!
@ilk hlr tudid ck@oldi'idl .brBB in
dr tu. lm. rh. DlBnr flidme frros rh.
*cmd ..fulsid.' Ddt broh-lrrir.d mn
rn 3 !.5 vtues. m ih. mo d'e blrr-
hu.d ma:nd-ih! dif.mc. ltrfi.d d.
ld rihd i6 tsobrbl. m. TrbL rt sho*
I'w de Erme. oI blrcl hrird md i+
@ h ech d; ed. flm ih. dlv 20t
rhmsb dk lftio!: n rh* dm. n;rhi.g
hrpD6 to rdu.. dr. trio. on thr orhd
h.xd. drt bmn-hrirad IM d , drc 6
.@troE 6 blrcl-hi.d in yo*b th.y grw
 ('er wnh lge mril * $otri :cr 4c1rh. ? rh. h!d. In s@l dthd chM6 vhich
cold bnck6 f @!rL end r 4 60 rh. q4 ffi 6 b. diriel pob6 of irembil
nbl6 tur M.d, rhi bkL-h:rd-o.n dts di6.Hce, :gr @d b._s dily .Imin.rd,
nbhd the dzt br.M-hliEd by od I to w. h!* 5u ih{ hililns, h,ir cold, r.d
onc. l,icl't bM- {d blond-hri.d lm. it toEt t c. h.lqhr v4 ($i&sbtv vidr rpr.
g*r.I,-do nor ldlq $ d6ic I r.nrc;@ rd mq dIl0E th; .6ed or rhi* ch4;
Ar ,8t 60borll n\.y.nd r[. dd. bDvn-hiEd
codn..nt b(on Do4 n@@s. Bv ,@ Two rib6 ah;E dl orheE * rn.nr|vF
60, o6a of rh. n n m dr.rdv @iE !;v,-it +d: Irtlcgid Dd Ir{. &Md dm tlEy
lools e if h b. cs6 r[. d:;ldr hi- s;loB mmoDoliz dje FcuUsiri6 shich !w6
brtu b bL.ch out .t thn dne r we wr b thd ifi. H'sNrd Gh.F & not r horidEF
dc-dib. ou *ris m rr. hrii of . elnl. of omB !rcu; o{ mDL: ft* FtrlEirii-c.
rftiE 4 .g. 2q c!.{Iy dn orc rodd hrE s Ee[.d aon itr ih,eRr ro, tlr Moon:
ro s:y rh:i rh. Mounin Ghqs $e pE, Ein Gh{ Ph.ffir s. th. birsonDr
doniMdy btrrm brftd. wn[ bh& ;nd dilmu,-r[. tmi'r;e h.ishi, rhc rm
hli.I-trnad individuds in .qu,kiz.d ninor,
of th. chia tha Plotuim of th. butucls, dr
Tra 16: AeCGroNCiroturl,F

\Lrl; x#/;
ntut
6a% 6ea
B3,r tt^.A
i.i6. Ar .r. ,tJ, h{}sff, blr! b'iEd dm Pt6lne o t6 ne of brld6, .lE l.r.nl
qodd b. in rh. ftidis. lr b Nb.6lv iN Gim .r dE *brcE {d rll. cold of
d m or mon otha Eu6@ DoinLdd; tfi4 il'.lud tun Trir. rd shlM htrtutr for
,Dn obr d.F.n&.d rha q ol itu gnple. thd. chdtu tn Duliein,nd tla Ir 4h
Alln@h d; elor sho% i Nmba oI aiJ- hb. I hrv. s.grp:Ed ihi r0-rqyE-olds dd
fqdd in;.l.tid @ .sq dm. of rtd c nd. aDe MNEtid. Bv .otr|liziD! rht
cmt'nbL in M thc ehich s rgt di';ibutim \i. m:y hoir io finidi
hdr'iN di{w4'lr@ibd.
dd l}.y do nor d.d rha uhlrftd rf,. Fclliriid6 G lin!.d o:gr. @
6idm of th. mDk: r d6criDtion lor dy 4
;vr 2o wiu ciF ; hn Fd'. of dn ch;rie Th.yr.od Th. 30-39-]-a olds of DDt-
E fd th. rduk nrl. Fjpuhtim s r whol. rgin e iu a mctt bud.r rhold.r.d rlw
d'.n q. nc of Ha a rh. robl snDh.
/GA /ND IN?''NTflA/L D'IARANCES Tn. H6 dd brv.ldgd f?6 thm ils Dilk
So fI in rf,n c[rDt{ bd of th. tudid of lgi, @ { dy r8! fi. DDragioro hfl.
@ vai.d@ lM w.d to lhow th. !6ition noE btuEJd chi4 r.nB l€n bi@clq 16
oI d. $rns s i v[oL. rnd b mdd]i c@ bddEi noE bibt Pl .t roid of .lE .yF
Frbk wirh oin r 5d6. som. ol rh. r'd- br.xs, ud hG hmvn lzn, rhrn de Il€
ai!6 haE brd a h.ri@ os in@ihrl di4d-
.n6, For ffdc n i5 cL( thtr d. b4h Tn; di6;n6 * ,.rt oG. nq e
h;
ntu ol th. D;oDl. nonfi of the Drin 6s i& a F iin o d . t ! 1 MiE @E mD
nothid b do -$rh {.. in @nFri@ v'th is jr thi ord H6 rnd hiq-h di
th.ir n;ghboE b tfi. ioutll rd .ld .h. lrft lel lryLdc '[Dk. *hich difd in .\* i6E6
fM in; @t si6 rdd flm ach orhd.'
 BITE
THE MECHANICSOF DENTAL mrkd oEr6ie, 1 @naitld wiich Dmnu
occrusloM pay 6u .& of dolm 6 hrv. cmicd id
IJ AVING d6sib.d th. Grtg phdogTt,
On. inpotut 6dor in rlb doj@ of bi6
wbughr in h 5y the F$,g. of rh. individ-url b th. ultrE of ih. niionxiotr ot th. c@dyl.
fm ylud' b old |g., w noR on b sNdy or ttk low ird: ttu,oint s r vsy cdel*
ih. rdd oI |ra'Dr on ok tsn or rhe hF
w{4 bidwrd. dtr 3idsb!. Thu {hich-
pulq'mluding cih, ;:*s, td th.;,'gil .E hy yd choG b !iE, dE v.FiiL
rutic 4h6. Mdt FoDl. b€U.rcth,t mrdB nrDdibd:r le fr.k6 .ffdo&ti@ .ad
cm b. dFdoFd rtuotrgh.Fcn.: thn b.L.f th. 4th bl. rh. EqniEd Firjc jn i[c
irG Tht id oi ninic.ti'i! hm'lr.d! ol
Mi;mbr;;(loplmni lav6 ic m;L i. ih. poun& or neq c*.r\ ;rd e.sdbles
bon6 which deliE tL!i! hddns t r.li- thblshoor r Ddm\ Uf. nE rfd no! o'lv
oELv eldic. Aiioa ih. mN ms.td th. f;& (di,md bur rr5o th. cd D;
io di. lmm bodv_G de vNch 'cti!. oFft spie th. glrsy lDrdns of .lmd, j. w4
rh. lov.! irw-r ftm@nh. dd dl)*L Th. cM vhich 9r. s dE hhd6
.xi.n:l m:d inEn l .rh6i_nel6
eiqoids 'rrds. rnd ot the td\ o; *ltich cor6ldd 6 dr
thc ahty!ft b.l@. 'boq
r. *P groovd in . ni!$onq m d.q nndd c.din
ctrd noi 6lv in ch.eim dd swilowine. bu
rbo h e&nt. Th&;.ngth is $rpd5iislY sumDtid of bmd n G rt@d d nd. dnq
ers( r dste $.d bY ddn6 h m.ff Dd rhn vrn3 widr dc tiid or tuni If 0d
[it}l.rs M& rt Dd!n& @ft E hie tha the sF [rm wm tut if tll. biE ha
s d odird ct w: An*ied 3td!r Th. b.om.ds._Hdsq th.n th. d.nEl surfrG
cf.div. n;eih vhich 6 b. ai*d d+ of th. , jr6 my hdl b. lmoorfi, rd r obry
Fndi od : ddnb.i of fe{orr, ieluddg th. snndiE b.@6 ocibL. ChdiN is n.q
;cnnl oou.r .1 ih. (v.r, mscl* tlE d.oils ;implvip dd do;n: n dms incGdd mc
or L!mF, md ih. nusbd, pGita da, tid.:;siil. .nd f.r.-ddrri mo{@ but
rnd'h.conditid of rfi. cdh. Th* lls erY uil ii! poinr n.mion d rbm jr reh.d
wid, ffe sq rg., h.,!iL rnd s.. 3rh n|fulnB N jwF Iniad by r[.
c@s or by ib..EL! of th. frdr cth
n'r hmrn lcinc. ,Il;r trini hi! b,ibv kth, Ii s s.nislly b.liFid dBr ln i msNF rduh
@ otrr widr-r ltighr or.i5rc. Ht uD*r .h. .ds+ro+&. bn r.i.c navid chNiE,
iDcibB h6 d;sidv 6vd th. b6irE .de of dlete-eqn4 rim ilr'ooml oci$a. Th;
hn towd ;ci;i His am6 :nd bhus?ds ffilcd orrbiE ii sDD6.d o @Eft n!j.
noR or 16 nsll Wh.n hl .uE hn pq- Ddci* of ndtiorio sml.frd with .ni@
nanmr @h. thi! M. of .cdBion cdtinc flqhli proc*.d roodi dd n d chacdjsr;
A! h! grcs olds:;'ny on. of r thing: ruY oiidiDirirl Roms hB* orotr* In IIltir
s r b}"odfti or r ri.hnielt hish c'vitadotr
hL ;lmi idolr rof,il; (b) wirh h.n1 chd- n is !m.dm6 elkd r d.6.sti@ siin r-
itu h. loft th. firhn of movi@ his kMr oihq t'T. of hn. occu;, th. und.rhn , in
h; roMr4 30rh,i thr mno6 m_tr .dscc vhicn rb;,o$u incisoE poh& frtl'er fd-
adg.: rc) witfi r.ry lftle dving h. !Lp6 his mrd ihb d. !pr, I! i5 the 3NIkd bdr-
blg Pw eckld, rd tu uPFf (nd6 dog b'a, rn r;onDly in iny Me pLc., or
:nd lndou o!.rbp dE lowg cinind sd in- popul on. In or Albmio nri6 v. mid.d
cio6 .mplftly. Jlli5 i5 whd ; cnhd 1 in; fo@ ryT6 of hiE d6ui6.d r6N.,

'De. DP, vol q pF 14

 DI'TE /ND AGE Mak d dabib e 3oidfq@t th.t th4
4 lbdsiioly d|mr d.8tgi6L, Tt y n;
T!d. r7 .hm rh. abrid td.d biG seM ttuoogbru th! $t gndE in $.h .
ryl.dd rgc Ttu 4d vhd. biE ws lnM sy tut on. lso. sr drt rh.r c j'ctu9
b b. .&ccdF *c .dlv J w oldd tog d d6.siog, :nd inn reoit srh lhrt
dDr ftn.l|gbdiss IGnq ;d r\i5 djf- 4 rooe or Mouain chq ede hrbtE.
r.trr i siFidod bv t6J tins iE ()m Uoddhis E.o n@ u l* Ir.qift tun
prcblbl! d; Die{Liting rtE tdn€6r r8t
Any dorion rjir ryp6 of dlsim e
,G?{ .h. p.EdE* of ;ErbiE ooomb.; hmdi@ lrM b. d6irir.d bv d\L .ddoe
r['t ot.dg6cdte rctGios n.dy J @ r, No s.miic ii6lhrim r;@ io@h b drft
tnd d'. 2 b.con. qui rr .5our *. 15. rfE hdf rh. e@ohdm @ h,r-H.;d ch@-
*ltch rh. rlis qi,eodiffi r. -F.^cd ir ni. dlry ih. lildim of oi ok hb,.*.
thc *ly t0'* Th; ct6!6 in Etio which bts Occldd i! fucrioid bur; dl ol th. cdrre
n 4 n* e dd l.e;6 b snirid rE a snoM ir rhn sia . nmd rF shjft ft;
iscdd or ifi. rn in ;@dod of ;ndd- o@ b .+@dgq or d m; of ir b. d@
l@ @ vf,c. dlid it"ri of tira coukl not b d 3s tn foodimE rnd 4iiq h$iE, tuh
v h. d.cmjn d, Th.y ii rord.d d "m, 5 rfi. inE dtrdid ot swd, ,nd pGibly the

c'
lc
knou." ltrirm rI* bv. b..n w odlh htr''otutioo of sfr bnd fron M 6,ld-
b bE ch d. D D a'iw r noE lih.lYio ic b th! Y lFf I k.v. th! rtlMr to rhii
d-" th- rI.+ am (* id md ld;. ii q6im ro ih; *p.6 id rfu ddhl 6dd.
-r
is lia$mbL ra sumc rlEi bdr of rh. "$-
Lnlr* of dE l.ii@ !t de td had.dq.- BITE AND GEO6R'}EY
bad!. biR bft w ;;d b. !E. rt i'.iio T.bL I3 eic if,. dib.l disEiblrid ol bic
ftddlbh, bur ul1@i4 t $ppc! th4 tFd. In dis faM dk Eib€ vrtu fudv-
qho hiE tdind oe.lhiE bdl r. tl 'm wiU nn sm. of th! did.rtrB r. ftietle-d@ifr-
do $ ld th. d of th.ir liG. By id:ling th. cor, s for ffd. rh{ b.tffi -Midi; rd
'\'nk'osnf to the .dg+Gdg. qqory on Llm h.dFb<d@ wlnch tu b 6.tg
ubh 17,* obDi. r.rpKim or thn hrTd trc p., ldrdb ir_byfs iuo@r in.dE -
Gigi. shich *rd ii' Eddl DdSoeith ilE
 dd Moi. g.oghPhicil f6o64 *.Pt fd Wnr ihi' disihltion s 6 sho* mrc
Ha With th. rfle d@6oa dr nod_ lhin rltt@.15r is t[* nkht o/.rbno End
.95@ 6b6 m high6r G s[ght dsbic b rrrci th. [is M md{d wtr ind tbc
ol'a nidr r iF !trt)4 thrt lh. c:rholid .l nftrofrfi .' R nn{ nnqd.P tl l al i 6{i b.
qE rh; .dGto{dd ;@le bst in t oui or niddLof d sror4sndPukrhs.comaci{l
rh. 6 rib6'whd -botl frjds e lonov.4 b,l.ry Lr)m [d $v.rn l(drir, md oth.E
rh. M6Lfl hrv. , fikhd.dgEGdg. rdo do bsin*.!hzm sd'i Pd ropir, The
l. d! sinll Mrlsa . hlo[i., n\. c:tholic ollrBEi,l haLdid M Nr r sftit podc

r8 & *.4 # fr

M q t ........0 r r'e

;
:

flm a ffin Rid.l D4d{iq th{ of d'd hm. .vd, { Lat in ny !:p. 4c.
Nik:i M.mn!-id oiri th. drvid. fm Why $r\ hs tft. @ of dE Ii9[6! nrie
sh6ii ' rd Shd& lie @ot b. ,hoh b .I .deem-de bik. wfid rhl @ @ m.+
h1E rnvthiN o do sith ridn tood bb@s H,igm dnen frm v'lhg6 of
".dh
h.!.di&ry omhcirl b.I.d all. ffir
dnr ],ldsb-oddom.rFctli!forth.chid
diEdne in di.r li6 in th. !Fci6 of minil 6 .iis !i€ i. r[. r4 di*ihntim, T$a'iy-
..6. vhiL di. l@d ti{ ELB th. rci chd- .ilhr hln d th. Ild-snDL f.U inb @ 6oio
n'g1 6q4 is rhd !d. lo! botl' in dt gr*n rE]e, of r[Be 1! IEJ ed!@di.-bii6
rl sl{hdy-dv, od d. n;li.d{vir. Th.
.dgcH+. Ptio ror th! lg. gnd. b as rn obeMfuG rnd thm ty to 6im& th. .6ect
Lsr ehich mds { d. otb d ot ft _&Ih
seL i! bi6 fo4 2t no i. rhc rm. 13! Trblc r9 s rh.6 ol th. $ry. shd-
hrd rr cdrEhd!.. rl sliqhdvrm( oing fton vd tu hB€ly widr dE.dgd
'nd.
;nd@unds. ri! ciG r ndo ofai lroft E dqr eE of bia *hjt 16 4d {sorprion
.omE ndL.d-oe.r widr sliEhtlv-ov.r dd ec -mdd chncrutc or md who hrd hrd
6d{ trnn deGdsa ih.- ni$ 4 r Ndbi@!, :nd vh@ t.rh vft Ls voq in
E6!d. Th. bi[6 w.F simele oldd nd dE ishcs vhft moush Ead, w.E ldr b
MDchme Ganh n rnsili hd dd. ir w En. In o.lv J is@c; v6 n D@tblc 6
d. 6 dplrin the incid.ne of ltidd! of occln- .Ei6uE rft; ihom@ ro bodl Shobinc
sim dor Moudin Gl'.a. Atl d'is qm du. io v.r !d ib Lo-y.d .'lid tfi4 thri
d pNibfy GompGh ii ; !.m s r rcam' dc to lc and rh.ori,Eon. Th. bl frc.
h@l't DmB oI t[. nd sho hrd lntrEd
!ho-@iN IM vd *n
BITE AND HEIGETS lmnd d;n dE 6l md, h rh. '@inddy+ rnd ++
w. hrv. sn in 'ACE ch.!@ rl. 'Asc" o:F c{.rc!4 th. m. s5 dc of rh@ $5id
7d th* udik. nct othir gctr or fi. bidr b l; ind in th. ++ s4;ry
th. rrc. l.€F on eswia rn@hout li| ln o v. rn rh.'bmrptioD,
6a of tfu uDs r1c ha@ht
old rpe ho'i,rE,-ths sioqh t ofb 06.{ mJn', it *6 th. rM q$ h'd onds6m
by tlie d.tsiontid tnA lG of th. EtL Ar lc rd $Mrtiod vho 3drn d ib. gEd
tftc crh v.d dom 0d drop our the.latr &dudi@ lienifroft in both + rnd ++
b.rd€n of bod m rb. rd mddibk shrint ot8tr'i* Otr the b6ii of rhd 6g1G it
tt@Eh rtsoDtio( rnd ihc chin dd nc.
.-li .d'*. Th6e .omp€sdory of 6bl fre h.iohl uDod f:e h.hhc 8nd th.
"eqoich
@ I(..owii doEI diboq do d.padmi Dd';s, t[; 164md n;rd.d s +
hdn(sril';N. 'd
rPcc.. anons sdr ir' or ++ in.in\.r los qtrgory wiih ihis
coftdim ihe (drtid oY.n d sbl. ,t w
lif., in odB dry d@iom dlY, Th6. cm Qn. Thc ni.cu 6trc n6tly lrom in
ditr r.n6 rhE :d.ct trd only n.N btrr oldd rge gn&i md to m0i. thu ?? p& ei.
.ko disrGioa dd lmuG .t vd.hiuiY, ir
cludi'; rh. mhahl. dor In l sid vhich O". orhd $did irfliE 6 h. dPloEd:
imlud; r hi* 4.ndF or md who hrE wh.n v.d. ld. sd 1bsoetio e
echcd nddl ;g.. or i; om n wllch Pior 'h.thd.
.linied. ih. iyts of rlsid :f,6 Ie
ft.dr 1r comm { {y rgai son natud h.id6. on nilir.uDp6. rh{ ir, M h:d
nc b. foud b .lihiue thn soure or dor id;d."1 tubl ;!d.d; rnd id.ntcl E.th,
l.i@ rw& of d s pobkd b.forc l€{ving tor .d one lm hd d d.rb,t. {hile th. orlut
Albiui. I includedin ih. noffimor blmk Kh md dq.c.dF, the hw wodd hrv.
ni olnd'jd ft. d/. ro u.8, d. lod6 tic.. Asih. t$i Brt of Ebl. re
,nd fa.e thananat d@ 'hdr.6ry
to las tad shoEihr i5ot t6. cd.. Occlsid h!' m
lt gs.srr to ob6.nr dddl cdaditid'b'dFian
snh qu!6ang .t!d wh:wd on ra. cnstrli
ihis probl.n i. nind ti ro n.L. g€ncln .rePr tuoDgh ulg, ia, md
'bsorPud
T^BL8 19: &r!, Aq !m $oRtuft,
^M
F@s'@F&'lwB

+ ++ +++ Tod Tod

(Ndb) .. (?r)

1.o et t*q en hE r@ lrighE.)

(t wqs (t tcrn^n],i!@x

i;
 BITE AND PACE EREADTES,WITH soadi-@ e. euD, F:d bE dth tu'ftad 3
r; { mnii;;r dihre rdul! UJe up e th.
REL"ITED CHAtrICTERS be Jot, TIG itle4. tDFft ro bc coDcd-
It is Niblq hww.r, tl'* f.@G in oc.lu- hrcd :mong tht nE Pii$ .dgEc.dg. biEi
sid dy b. ffid aiih he bodils nd of ihr nd Yirh o'dB 4
A d@risir d.rdoollm of dk @Pont' Afthowh 6. dd gm$th 36 io,go 'tungq,
tr8tu,
hri*;4 md pEryioid! hight wu- b'iig
.b.trr r i'cl@ in d. bomg dd lh d e6rl Ehtio6hip. ona6 only aggd n !
i[. zygorotic rh6 E46r.d in dt bjryge : Llrd'nood Pmhy ol dFrindi! 6jng.

T^BL. 20| rtr BttmMrtc Dl|@ Brn' N Tds 1i/ru'

E4gdF.,.,......... r4

I Ddc diilfu.
drinis I' sed.
Td. 20 coftiB ftkvd
Du qith .dgcc.S!
whlav( ih. uoq @ Gh.E rt J d 'l
duinN* vid' in ilE bizwNrric dirnd.
; dD r s6 of sdicdiiinnt YounFr
ddbrd, bi !ti; diFdnE n l.3r rnns P.
dly.. UttL shofr of sisni6de Th. rrft
dtri th. dd sdr oesbiE w.F t F* In ordd b Br.{d ol bie 6rth.r, si'-
vo@s .h{ thc oi|is ljnlc dln b Ii riG sinild b th@ for rh. bizygm.dc @
ir noi F b. dD..Ed tha b,h o'e '3e
,hoord fd rh. hGdid di.md, No difid.nd
: h. dftd b hE brcdtl. but Ethu dE '.d.
*d. foetdt thl ditltrid dG mi.m in-
uout of lroG w<l vid dif.mt lid& (jrg. vith rd Th. oh*mti@ d tbc ro!
; or bia rd-thir ffiE s bd b. ntsutd Md nd sid;vis. i* of th. nBI6 dd in th.
by iu .dd oo_tn b.d! ia, *.a h th. tuUn6 of thc ch.il5 sE fdh.r tsd for
.ilgEc€dgr scg.ry. the biz'€omtic mr bit prop.ni6 ilso dddt showing did.F
inad6. drn@h oc! ln dia M th. Dh@a nd
dlMr of w.-Tm od.l , of !h* in_ no qu,If,dioc .i@ u o sosi' t[. ui_
.sG oE the ns of the .b6.nt va dojldiw ot rhr losir lc s*ed bY th.
€qory c sigdfd Th. dH giotrP.d bY dd* #dtlE of d'" bi',gdrt !" bigo!-
P.t citqori; rlso difd, bov.B, i, !st' irl did(@ nd idM mb -d
'sa ^gd
in g.piEl Dimic !s t ddldy individul
nd d* 5twomric t.d for dch @
clt Soly foll;s d6.tl, rh.t ol tlE .olF
 solL
SO.L AND GROWTE
rhe dtrb! of rh. soil i.lmnc
-l1t{-tT
I !\. Eowrh o( Doou[rio6 vho lik od
is Drodua hs 6.d;fi.n clrin d {d n.dlt
a! 6tcn ddi.d. wiihoit 1.stuhL ddnbr n
; on Ldor in thc d.r€lo@.nr of body sia
in nr( s in othd dimli 3.s iholrd thr
ye6 ,go n his wdt m rf. clildrm of iF
nisflEr rn<L d *0r,6 o lhB subna M*
rh;;y sd M.rcdirh h:e. +om rhit lElirn
FhoolboF bolghr !p in Mi.nsE rcr\ n
th. 4r.r 17,i n.m mrc or l?l I cdtj-
nG( r 6N. fd sboE ev :d'it lEn
ftpon d foiltiy.:
l. ndfrhm Albdnh w. M!. foud Ebal
sM tllds difdina fron .rh othd . litrL
16 dm 7 end11fu or omD,Eble rdult
sbG esus. This ir not hir Nch fd
e.n.tiqiiv iimr{ DoFDbiid J dq
-ffid udd sdy ditr mr .ondiinir 'cof
nstdtio.. I1 m rdi.* th. uli6t rfrhrc
Don.uic ser. of s*iE rld4r on 6nds
;obllv !r.* dif.r.nG b.se.n isol.Ed
linqi ii3orc of rhe tut6i suv.F n'da
. h,ri...iury Ld, ald nod.n n;hods or
food diftriburiotr dd moit F rdiEda h.d
bmninedu.d, snov.d r nuch hor. eifom
sbtu mp. In rhd.6p€6 Albrni wI
cdui'ly in no nor &rci!!I. r Dcition in
rere tlin SviadLnd in i6e 1330t,
1Ve obeir our nuditid llm rlE sil
$JoEb thr z@ry ol @{rbl. du, md
rrcm ihe nd d idl x ih. hill{ of miruls
vhich ft f.d won th. su!, O! of ilE md
ob;oG sh@ls io bc msideFd ir li@
ned.d Io! .h. eoMh of bomi bnt hs nEh
lin. ft n .d. -.nd hov nuch ot th.t vhici
is id th. soil Erch6 s, is ndt tnoM. In e-
&ft 16 mch 1tution ha hd pajd t .h.
tme elen.n6.r d&d.d tor vdoN ndtouc
prcNq 6ur tfii5 subjed bo n [tL knlM,
W. .& told ih1r ch.misl ferilircE 6il to ptrr
bfk the drc. €ldmb elan ftm dE 3oit,
dd d.t nDm is fn htu.
,suiiucn. rh aF{d e, tuq Fn
F$ G ''ddRjpLy'|N.pP a's9'l,rdlc c h
T@ littl. is hl.m .bdr th. soilsof mnh-
.n Albmir b ll€mir : deEiledsdv of dr.il
rdDonshp @ pn,siqE, bn vr c; 6rd o
6r rh. eroiiel oiN. fh. Lftd hs 1l-
rcdy 6en iracrib.d in chrpEr ?, Lad
of ii. Hhhhnd Ch.6, od d,. pdoBl g
g.olosiel;d blocLedoui,Ib Al'igilin
'Tn Mcuoic lilBtd.
of M:15i.. Madhq
Shir rd M.!i1. Jatovii is 1e*ncR con-
dnudd of the bdn l{rtr ot MonEn.go,
AIhNi n is 1 Dmr counw for llmins. ud
much o-rir s g;d o' y roig@ing ge-ts, rh.
atJn hDgry,m lrrc. dd naty bo;d. Ttre
mi! rll rh. q;y frm M M:th e Mrdhe
rG md ol Puk . dl of Mndta ed Dnb
ot %drlnr, M.4 ;d Dib4 n in phc-fo.
ljdin vom{ur f.rm of nordM N* Ens-
hnd. Tn .sRm zdr ot M.mrphdd
Trisi. rdd UNr P:l*Mic rock $FDoru
.p.n nsdosi;nd bIoh{o'l.d 6dd.: vidr
fd66 on the slop6 {<l clunrs of p.phE
Thse G rha J ffindodl sdl@iql rld
To ihd m:y b. jdd.d ih._r@;r imE
loldir or MamicEdd srE dN borh
qd6 ;f rh. Dru r Shchi, Nilri :n_dd!
nofrhd vtlLF ol?ula. Th! frrdd w:rk- TI
itu .ld! n\._Rm0 Frd d !e phd th.
n;er hi tu *crio6 thmoEh ih. sdB in
rdftl DhG r.r,rinq caDb;ed p@ru, b-
(ludim o. in th. s[:Dc of r 6sG t ln
Ddtfiinhl Mtti 1 cid or Eftsry bnRbre
tn:16 th. co.tinuiiy df rl'. srhbio, No vil-
bre i siMEd dircdv oc iL br lh. eGE
!;il crd. fFm kvr.trinre6 m dried-mb
it tor $Im.! @itu- 6d ih. v'Il@ dritL
rheirnJkind;r rt;r n.h. Fin.lfy,, smu
slic ol th. tila. ldd of Zadrim ii inclnd.d
tn the so{rll.d DdmtGMond.gdn Nm-
l^'mFqD''@P@E{?,
 ouiiiht. lintud. ed fFcll, .fudios efth ft. m .@.oo ! M:ru . hLTrK di-
wtd f,m c\. inhrs b€s*n L& s!a@i eid.d bft.o L;sb!. {d lold;d. Th;r 2
d{thcAdd4ic l@ ft @D dk lf. i, srnr., ;;;
Th.e 6 !e mrGtdd mqhly b dr (!l1l.mca bd;d cib,t *F.du i, iftolF
F@ !h. hbd qho !y.d in erFntim drn4 w.( nuch
t dlE doe r clor rLbod5llp b.@ s.oloqv shotu, r6s c b(6 Nd,i,t,
md phF4E i qSBe4lf w. Esdi:t 6i o.n IIm srpdiii. krriorylhon G,"-;;h; $hol!.
3@ ogd d.!, inoridg dibd |6liftG, e. bur v.ry 16 of tle depriojr.Il hn n.a rh.
sFtudoft{cuEtr. 'li,nu of ro leo endr.rn rmr whon
lh. Ch@ K '80 .\d nrfr c fomd nms
soIL AND PHySIQUE lN jtAISlA iho, 116; sikirs 6@ & tu rtaci
CHfCNAT ' .rcl[ivcty nnh ofirr-Ddn, A Ly 6 rD
o.' rhl Llhrck a.r or norr.m vrd.
*pr6_'or eh or Lhe r Djo( .@ rnd *h.r , o,r s! pL sqls rha . dU d-
tne IE.r roErg dng. i, lre r'm t?6 rc _-
ct e. hrv b. foua
rJ4 indi, iduds. To dk drd *frid ot Z$ FM i srinicd lEndDodl rh. md aline
tur. +r md s b. aith.d o.iy in r[. divijjod vidu r uib. i3 th* q hich Dti;
su hdbr egrm or Mni ;s tn. Mplq Djbh iffo !@.ddn. rd .&m saiffi;ld
rr. tubdal]y imdequ(, L bht.2ri]. TlE.lidm,e be{n rhan.,6 Lo7.i,j.49
0.6 ror usr o hbd ,mpr6 in t? p€nid. rim6 k. t. dda b i6r injs for ih. bcibi_
mffi.nE e gied h g6.EI rh.y G irl or, E Gic drr(de I set(Ed rh. ooe
p.d se p tu lhom by dibll dbEib4ir .heE in vhich Dibn i, Dd ditu6v.,
dd 6 @id Eps GmuF r. wtrd khr hroM .y. coor, rd so&d d. sb
v. dtd h d 5.orrrns Ir conp0rno6 snFl6rorji outoflsn.n*hc.vBqft
Id r)_cheh- n. 6nd 6r @r of : pNble of dn h!r, 7. oi ,9 Fr .dL vr,'r tom
,!u us.nclgrbcrnL d 16p.! c6t,73, erDdtim Mibry,6d 3.d jt F6q
or 16 p.r c.or tr moE tIM 6.00ri! 6 F..; tron dl. .en Neidd rh. ffi oif ,.lM-
14, oi 3 !d mq olv 3.00@ p.., dd q iidr nor dr 16 ot lem roocch ij6.
M I p{ 6L ds 10.00rim6 p.e the o.s rrequ'.i4 r, .!n d#d, ;blcb i! q-
c..d aibd Einii sffi. Dibr t solt r uiq sU *peF
n.q b.eue d. ss c sFtirut mG i!- Imi l; ..iohl,
cli!. LhD sibglcrib6 siMnd villio rhm Atthough-fn€[deiion o rhl si6 ie h-
Th.y f,I b.r(n 16. Eibo ud rh. Ml erofibbl;b.sli. of tft tudbs or th. sub
*n6 in edirhiliry, 6 indsrd @ bb.. 7l br ;rDts, orc r:nDL mv llloe whr Ljnd oI
v:lb oL, E1c6 ol th. g@logisl cs di- d J'i ; sFc. wlim rh. locrr mctrrE d b€
dolbdy cdeic r ntrh5{ of mal ber r,6ri!6Rd, Itr Ddssu 6 n(d artjd,
.ochv6, s Svi@hnd did duia rie hr muMf *@Dq wnh-d$ olM l:eiro..
@bty, to 6Jd lo*g v:lul ror sould s rh. rut. lr;kn rh. @rh oJ SMr ;j
I, bre. b lhrdy rhe td.tx, dd rir'_o. viI4E D shsbr Llow{d, mni ol rh. shsls nm
th.4 on. b) oE ou lmlple i, nor ls4t nrn]| shrh q dDq qh; cotr lu th. !d-
mougb ror srh rnEmo6tior. itid of da, onr.l"Ed j, the nd. [n. to th.
Th. vrt!ry of rh. dpidon oI th. bEl l{l ol DtrLasin Io S[dlx,te to.:j .nd@rv
si.s ilb giologiel *r i5 F6 cL,rly i:[B pLo;but moc r$etr. shrla b r;p;
J lboM by rh. 68ffi d th. Lhrd pd oI bbL orly ln de tr<on., shdlhi jD !h. lotitG
,r, ia wtuchlnr uM .M oI dr (moe |E. sht. nnihd morftd eme froD
trmr s8n.nB oI 6ib6 ldlfg io alh goliJg S!o.\i&F 4,046M.b rller ($. bbl. )r,
icrl mr hffi bmf lnEd 6E(h.i In (ta ld @) t[d Sh:]. nm vh@ norhrd €r
@ bE ah.. th. h?d al th1 kEn', ,t t lool, sid rl]n difeHa i! r.r dro i6 F.
diuidul *ib4 dME lr6.'.hathdkth? Ar 6. 9f. rin. Sh.ti dd vill] Sh6,hi
dhdia$ aJ th.n e.,l @, ad rr., ooth6 r ,.37 enrim.tcr elld ti! th.if
tb$, ratl n M M. .lo$1, t '., d oNirr thc Sh6hi mm virh S[rh nori6,
'dtL do.oh otha.
tr.t {d tlli! coF to 2,33tim p.a
 Tll. o@Dlc!vi4 i' th. Dordrm lio@ uldv in tld rrm 4d l.F, dd th. d]5ch-
,E xi n;t oDlv_Exd thd th. othc6. bur forriE th! ihxd oI tha loL wh.6* d
nd it is of rv .o@uq i\. le'm.d
rto widq s@i.4 brordd shold.E4 .!d
5rms TIte a i. gm*l biEgd d livc od ti. bdid ol fi;Lldirl c@EY.
m@_rcbd Th. inhlbi@E of th. id@ The inn.bid6 of th. 4krn @ t I cl6.
rui@ :DDroth drfl b boild, et'iL dt s_ b tic mrn of rh. 6d sdid in dt.
but Psde ftnb .nd do.Biffi o! $. bodlt but'r).&6
di*rg.
F;'dE aivcn.6 N s'n sUom,
21: AMI@@T'C MNs ND GEom@ AM'

(4r) c], (ro

orJ (4) Otr) (2N)

os)

11

TI

tui t $r,+i7 zd n I'rr

.Tlncdftqimftdlrs!ofP!b'aiqbodiftn.t.bty's!sn@rl@dFGofetih.'
 from ,I tf,. otltrG in th! ffi..6 of ih. n.nb.6 or th. Eivil€q.d dss e btl.r
had rnd tc The p.opL u., tup!.d b $m th.ir l6jr;nd dlinw ci#cni In
t[. ori.rs, l@bly ntlw had.4 ffiow mtuEin5 of lh. Ghq m s@wod 'ic
cls
qsb rrin. Nmrhatd in sch rib. i f.w
lrad tffi assl r4 I t fouowrh.rm dn, nm hold hieh( oolric,l ianlt b\endc dh.ts
Eibfim shom by ft dibs. The ok re md . IEl.atr i@. i, trrnfi n:y b. d*
thn dG nd ra n .i rfiltmdv .ovcd. w.rlth rnd Doqq llarltv !o b
'lff.nt
k hBd hdgfiL H.d Ld€rl! hoftitr, ,hdi Eri[d. Usios i[. d:d ai*E$.d iD ihr;d t,
the gErBr Ei.rid of my clmctd e oi "Poliric Dd Fzudrei D:k r0 I tuv.
cord.d, comDudnE1 eDhji. nodd! fl6 *sEgrRd 66o6Ghold;! :i i;om tn6mo.
the n.a' q_. 6nJ tll. clctr€d rb , hibry, rd 4r flm s.rpdlc Th. Lrd
gD!F,lin.fu. rnd fold.4 virh lt3.m dd grcup i4lud€d dr @rA. of Prire Jon
rsl€ai!€ly, ud 6t*h, M{}riotr (6e. r0.a,. rtu bbil cbEf of MndD.
sdpaec nd .M uiib rtJ.6t, rJe?r, Irrdi l;d d; rh. be rh" r-d r,"d
ud rtdrlr biq hed. dd n.diw b mI odo. As EbL 2? !ho@ rhG mde no r.,l-
hads. Th. si; of thc n 14 sirhin r mid
Ejsl Smp of truq sc wjr! t]]! volMr or Ttu 22r cbry aD $^nrq
rh. body.! L , *ri6 llt on ehc tha Ollm-HD*,
dimr6ioc of th. had r $bid 6 lEi
m:dd of qudiotuble dsic [Bd si;n r
nor ddul ;rHid Id rhi p@G. of thn
chip6 r[r its l4Fffi, lr iLciy *ts
Dto th. MoonEir Ghegr im 2 Er*di;!.
on. r,Er. .j. orhd n di@ o s.rl di6*ne ir e@ In rh. $dnEis . chid
Thie:nthe dun drc individml brde aE & r big Ehl., Mound.d by hi5 @ii6,
n.oE md indica, G ri. nc qdriE dif bur uy viribr is fn. @ ioin * n\. h@bbj.
fc@. E foud bn..n @io;il ffin6 bed. TIE ode holddi Dmb.blv s.i norc
of rfie to'EInri6. Th. D.oDl.in rh. I;sm nEr !54 dr. Dffi D.r;lL btri ivddn
ls! @w e bk_eiEi;6i,lc dd th.n EE- @oM6 dq biqd.,nd l€s;6
md ir the ioonEy t[. sil i! h m E€ryd. ere; d€llG
'rcdrcLirx hi r@d rdn dE
r ftdl.v oI foL&d o@06 & n.dlv c bis.
Th. o;Dt liviro h di! Irrd of $trridft did
nbbio r; nElinin{. 6 i, thr 3in{ trDL mNctuslo]V
6f Sysch.dwdLE, To the es! in n\. srLy
of tte Shct Drin md up bb rhe ?Ii'g e AlihdBh ihe g.ologicd mp oo vhicb th;
Fotr rhc B@h r. of iafutudie sM. br
nith Eh;Rt los, ffiow h.{& dd 116, ii *N to h.v. hd uuE mdeh fo! dE
pl6mr D@o5c Th. mi..sls ot tiis @im
h .ddiri@ E th. drE ollsc4 Fnis
@e Ddc ror ! numhs nr ;hsl!En* ehiah ihch ii
Disft h:F ro ilo vlth z.ndrl Fbsiciq. body siz "li"* -"
dd robEticiry ol ih. inlnbim s
Thi5 rEoft vidd.d nGfiitrp dn th. Eid DoD'lj.rio6, rnd sirh ndnirE llrc whi.h ini!
ldiDgs hivc'nd ala.dy &v-..j.d. No di6E i,aicul,r sdy n@15, oihir rhD r pirny
tu. M fdnd b.sen lls in dE NDd-
non of c@rc !epuL., vhicl &m b tur. fola vhich vi! b. disNd l,td- wl*
noE b do vidr rs. th.o witl trloftim, nin.nl!, jf rny, u! irvoF.d io th6c !iz.
IiD.ny, 6. cih ol al e6 w.. str b b. wi,tic, h.w ih.y e sinilrftd, if ih.y
aqBly dioB. .qurl id fr.W.ncy of ewlion. r., bd bov ih.y r6.ct grced, if rh9 do,
* NbLns bsdd rhr sDe or thn Fq
PFJVILEGE AND NA:IIITION rd lE rntfiocs ;mp.kne. )r this ticBon
in ruy @uri6 aood dd dhd b6.6c inb it. NEitioul 6.ld hs ry vrhe it iid
m u.qlirlty ditutuEd, md in gne of then ln th. hct ibt orhd .rTldboG of ngiorl
loPlnuc'Edd.:L+B+Hr siz. difi€ItlG kE bmn clininr&d,
 CRADLlNG
THE EY IDENCE ACCUMTJLATES
T \i'ROIE 14 l9rei fitr hs btd ntrch
ldnsdon oFd rh. r$ied of orciorbl
tubitrg, bodii. Atbam aid in Arh M;ort
rh{. c No d.6niE schmh or. whi.fi bF
li.v6 dat ir i mtu l Dd ilcj.lly dd.mined,
!h. on\.! n\lr n i! 1f.m df afriFci{l derom&
don erd bv edlirq. Mv ow diciodli6
b.Netr th* No dA.n;: oa'iMl nrh,
iry i Mlhout doubt r Dh.nom@; ed.Ed
with rhe .nrn. n chaidl onnh on or !n.
mnim in ih. Djn{ic ncq Dd cal.chuy
virh thc positio of rhe fonmen n€nm r;
rl. nd oI nbt N'L in nd nc* 16 $ch.
'4. rie si. rin!, th. s. of tlE Albmid
cr.dlq in vhicn ih. shodds ffi boud but
ih. had is ro! nry in sm. ills@6 bah
cNsd n iftaidetid of this drf ia,
sinccil'. han& oI 3on. livins Albdim rc
uqu6tiomhly dcfom.d, Fov.vE, si!c.
cEdi4 Mti(6 rE @,orlllv uifom in
rbdii ih. smsDphi.ridird5utio or rh6
chmtu ir *houv mci'l in Fmm.,!
I.Ilo pFmi!.d D: r@bor. A ddil€d
ftdy ofins quNid dil be Dublishedin ih.
rorhd! "Tli ?hB'cn
Norn\m ArbDj4 in Drc,riomr'ode? rhr
pG.rt nonoghph. snia th.. .vjd.ne hd
b.dccm'j,tiE
ihould b. chdled; "nGt infuB." aarl
Ewine foud iha Iihan* chndn bm n
BrcolilF +ow nEh ls 8:Mid dM ih.if
paftn4 ud 2 H,rurd qnduE sird.n6 Mr.
Drod d€ Hripe dd fitr wnif bqhtA
wo&i4 Md.i mv &.ctiotr found rh.-slm
rhj,s r;ona TGE in eRrtu Btrlnl
L dr co6e of ih. t]la$. nmhDh d rhc. h*. b.d fom w;6
ei.cs of .vid.ne hlG roffd ni ,irhd
ionax6. r..hpkr r0, oilftr Moonbin
Gh.g lh.nor}?q on p:9. 6:, rnd EbL +.
pe sw ihr rhc ai@ Dtjo! fd hcd lcn.rh,
had bkdrh. nd dE crDhllicndc,1e-dt.
nomuy hisb horh s : bdl dd rjthnr
uib6, rnd thi! +!1i6 6p*irny to rlE c+h-
rlic inds. In th.5ift ch,prd, on l@ 6J.
n rpp.r.d thll the u'br Iitu dd(-mG
toE €$h orhd dd from ill. bbl n.m in
thB. I chntu, rnd u tfie brc:dth-h.ipbr
md.4 rtu ir uy orh{ critr. rrc$r for in.
gc body diMtu, ot rhich vd hsre ,t-
Edy cnuijv.ly d6s.d jn cha@ t]_ on
"$n.'
ln lhe @. ch:pi.! on p:F 66, M foud
rr'r ih. sib6 didd fsni acl oihs nnr
mhbry :nd + 66nriy in 7 obdemron of
th. (hid qutq aDrc rltv h bnhhmhdv
o.cigd.fm.niig_ md r',nbdoidn,E:tri,
w. runs e! tur dc rftsdd6 of dc
g@ or 8ra.n;g sff.d ih. fom of I
norm{ @. qliE i.dcmd.nr o! tlle i$_
s' cfugory. tr drft.nins uR mhI:l de
eodd *Fq
_ft b de.d +, + b *ed
In chlper rr,;n "Age" p,g. r, h qs
Fdd tut s. i..d l.nqrn fdh to follow
d. Dmd or @€.ed :!i chro6. bft rhn
_otrr
th. h*d bftaddr1cI6 :!d-in wnh &
doing dolble dory, ttr ch'fis jr, on soii."
Fcgt 30, hdd fm w$hoq, d . e.n!r,l
v'y, b folow iE oM c.ohDhisl-6Br
lithoor ngrd b m. eit-_Fi d;si6 which
50 hry nrt tonrjd ot ehFjque r lhe
riz6 of rh. body s , vhok id !f the had.
Any d. of dK Rd ljeh6 te5hnrsL\rdch
dr. ch.p6 uourd h:k 5en soud 6 w;
6 rh{t tr(dxrC L pdlid :bdr-had fm
in no rBnft of ihis tudy hlihc dniri
quk b.hrrd a on. €qffi i. r nom,l
ooF
ulrtion, "Nom,l i thi! *ft. r.f.E b d.
Drg. 5di5 tudi.d in rfi. prq ud d{ of
fbD. fd
mod.n Ahuie It wil Dmb.btv b. shou
n fi@ Eos d thn m,n; or thi Fool6 or
d. qorld hn. hd& (oiDmbje tir diM ot
s. AlbinirB W. tnow ,tmdy rbr thi;
h. of am.nis! L€bmewid Monr.n+
gnds,0d ir m pbb.blr be d.moNd.d for
dhd Emrd iopd.tioB.
IE V LB ' q' j ee!J-} .E ht& hrdG@ tql
 Th! Ii@@ oI tlr.diiE snni@ of Mid cioth6 to aM Pnich ffiit fe6 novc
rt.folfrrim fix b.6 rbly co6ild by Dq nd6. 1ti.n tu drrc td s@drbe drM
srl.r vho qu@ ff. Nb4dd iMcB in .*1 rhr noihd blc rhe ctnd ot lN dd
wiich itu.nrionrl noldi.E 15 ob6!r.n Mis rh.n b sE if it d sit uD: whd n; lhk b
Hsluck.onim drn fd M.ccd@4 {d bd sit by i6.r on r bhld iet e sn€turlq !h.
r pr@ m rh. snljd fd Alb:nir in pnprl My r.mov. ir lM nhcedL drogdf,d,
a i k b hrd b &y how much ol dre
enial defomldm in Alhmir i; inhnti@4 kI nc th{ 2 A@n govcm th.,$ ri Phid
dd bn mch rhe ucoMioE rcnnr of
m \it trp withoft ilUE do"w;'rnd d;
pr.feEc; of dr De.dB_A ,E@ hrbB
7EE TECIINIQUE OF CA.IDUNG ihrEfarq would $ *lad dL.r d_ljf. rhid
Albd'n bothd, Itkc nonh.F i! othE a "-Ek' hrhn dd r diFemc! b.ffi .
countid, e ofen fd.d viin a "b'hy{ifre' v.r's dcdlidfund d ndndE mirht nulc rI
'!hl
mblo, A wonz Pomn tuB io eo dr dif.mc'beFRr no 6i6L d;Ming dd
ln th. 6.ldr io w;lq d b d,. nd;ft for m ddd. @ Oft is .lso idDed b pm-
, d;, sh@oine sod rhe cdno! h.w h.r b.bv rlone. te rn* r ,trms,'h'5rrs hdd woold silr
36id.n? sh. t b b. slE ror my k;grn of d.flmdiod no; ihai if,e ot . "wrk'
tin !h h.R ha brbv Mth bd o n6! brbn prnicalarly if qel6 w.a : r.6.F
'jM
it. wll.d!lt.ismihenhranshc6ndatrord tim of NEiiid in r bmgly lrnd, s in nrny
b imobiUzr h.r hmds bv ervids it il hd Dm of the Ghq nodbic wnm patrDI
rffi. wrllile.rim 6 siimhg-d;c b Ar choc n d..t d * 6nd n|lb d@h b
brnjr The 4 i@ of rh rdicd dm mhid Ydi*io; in th. f@.e of fitu-
ror i cEdle atr1ts tulotu di mdionn dd
httujc.l. ri. cndl. is . pd of Albsit Tjimls to thc qffiity of Mi Doidi
cultu, iile th. h.ddnnd i6e lom-N of P.klfl of smdinq MsicftBtts. * h!v.
1 scal. Dodrl ol sch . @dL o shdY 6ftr
oir." t|| r*rid srrbols of ttc ?divirie of nd,
hrnd. Mr. ?.dd ws 6nshr rhl b.dc of
vmdl ud ahildro in lmilie Ou sdd-
Iatl16 9E cdl.d. dd N emdf.$6 ffiu in Albdnir d r voDncru. rd hs
vft sne 4d sd@6 no\ oibEft tu- nia. nuv !trch cEdl6. Afth_o@hh6 hon
E in sdihm Albmia mv Dioi€BDlLs rd
Alor n h6 bm Mh.4 bls4 .nd h.m@ of Gt'.E cEdl6 rhoe€d ihoir io b.
swddLd, thr hrhy n; Lid n! th. srdL, rhicn nuch i[. srm- Ahc cndL md. 6y Mr.
is lilcit virh $ft bldLE Arhnp owDie P.t.'fi oBis6 slniirly of 2 bo.rdq 1
k6 hir hdd fim rhe tud TheE E 6. hekbdrd d Fhjch thc bdy li6, dd I hdd-
som Eidi@ on tl$ roidt, s b ns din hdrd s[iddia dr top of hb h.td, Orid
{d IlN softthc p stu, One m his trt bodnB fom d;. !ids, -A t@thotd. vhich it
thc b.5y n bomd b illc cndl.-bord { tft. tfi. m pi.e ol ftod s d. fMr ffit d,
sf,onld!; dd l@d dM, Tiis la.p6 ha b..o 0r cGRotsvi!. m Lt t[. brby,
bim fl@ odim 'lso .bod rd iis shotrldd f.ct thMd! Il. 6uld. hove{ bDc
sydd E qn;ov. his b!.d tbos 6 mc[ .6id ir ;tt hi! fet ir [c Ei.d.
-Th. cndl. d.DicEd in ns
a i6n ffiirimvi ,IN. Altiotr!f, tlc had r1,,, dd tlE
is ndtrobnd, iu sid pditim_ ir !d is n*cr nand ft* i din' dl ffi fd rh. Iud to
,q!*ly 6 ih. oeipiEl bm. d o", oa odr r b; n;dhd!n. 'ft. fooE
Th. chnd ridB miI troE rnd ddF in iin boid is ls. 6ni shishl Tf is edL w
ddL nd.I rhe iin. mriL h. s ;tm dt Dhdo6rrhed h Zrdrjru. Brd N.Pc:l
for sd4 vhich is lrid b ry bN..n 6 lrsriB rorhd cBdL fM (G.bid
norilE rd . y.d, or dd ldsE Duing i! ln Md!i. .
vod Puti)," *hich I Dr.lm. "ldi
rhn Fniod ir is chug.d rnm Mddtig MadL (6g. Il, d). Ii lEd I h6db.,rd ud r
ffi.d footbod4 lik! Mr. P.tuon!. ln Tfidc 27 pd cdr wce $doubrcdlv chdt.d
Ijabdlmd& work! 2 ,i. shov4 horh of the [G rlr .ji:h6, psh,Ds rhs wa ,t@"
?.r's Ej.ry On. m from Scudi tns, hrbi6 sd r.l6id dly! Dirh.F rh.v h;d
li, ,), ttu orh.i bdoc.d b Vlt.bs in mu-:l sord puow thfih. i,th;u, Wh4 i$.d
this difffic. in .rch cd. w. do ndt Lnry
wc ;,: io ;:i. a d.bit€d 3fldv oI cEdld Of th. sc6n& of thc nd vio ftosint
qp6 in rh. Ghq nouhi6, uibi by atbc rh6. vho haE on. I{ind of ndnirg stdon
snn v hq. bv ulhee one vould oiob&blv h,v. n!1. otnd, Th. foulold E6[ ri rhe
6nd triirios bnb i. f.- ,,i. bofton or eble 2, yidds r codcilni of dc
miqbr fmhs helDmhn loc:l ""d di4dns
- -"*l' in cirtion oJ - .69, which is tunrly @rh..r
hej fdm. k ni:y ior .nmDk bt Do co- Tr.63 nd, or6pd @t or tFi56i;, rho
incid.na ih2 h. Z.drin. ddl. h6 n. h4d-
bosrd, vhile rh. zddritu smplc is lish in
rciFiDl od !€ry low in l:nbdoid firninire.
It itmt incoieivrbtedr b:bv who h;
.ueffi his cEdL and vh. hed lernd h
bi.a llis f*r on th. foothodd nisht pu! hi5
h.nl lgdd th. 6mdbo{d if thai v;E d.,
sd qiv. hisdf hmbdoid fldnin!. On tlr
,rt/
oth.i hsd, r d'rlng pitlor nigh; hr. 16.

Sddins od.6,& botn l{indsor rfi. sfc

hadi p@m.bly d,. .hird M dccilihuy
drtun4 fiBr rhin, 4 h. ooew hB iHdti
Lrbdoid frlbie iDRftd- ff dudnr thr
Ems or f,:ftinis $; ,mo0rh ud;?
psi.D! lnd th. ociip'ul bmr s@ inp.d.d.
itrd nEsuts boic glo*d EsdEa, th.
rh.
:-

i-
/t'
rnonijy c,lkd brthlrah:jv eould b. :dd.d,
It ii 6ibl. rhii D eni. c6d brn\rcmh.lv
nighr bt 6. only dffiibh rfrdif.ia
cmdlirp, rhn . bne aould nine Bth.r
df
,l /;/

th:d 6:ffi. Whd s bdly nd.dl! en. /

@.rin nbl m.t or thi*uhied: uin rhrt
! ad. it mq Fmsn plrdy sraahiiv., sji<
th* 9T6 of d.fdmdon rbo oc r d
hads vhi.h hrr. nor bed cdL4 jn Lu
fEqlmds .nd id 16 crbn. d.gEa l! ! ! ! r :
THE RELATIONSHE BET|IEEN TYPES Fc7' GP hdcnddhqqE g'
OF DEFORINAT'oN
On 6M 7 4. tNhcid rnd D{enbcG hN. lrot$ frn to rrch thr +++ sesbry
or the !ino6 skson; or o..ioiEl nsrdi;e.
lflbddd ilftoinL ud brn\ric.Dhrlv h:i. Brhtr phrly s clos.ly linled to hmbdod
ben siv.n. r,bi: n ihos ho* ri* r i!:cM& rc rh; .rftnr of: + ia o.,6.in or
Dh.nommr r r.hftd. Ias thr 1 rAird 6ocirtio'\ .o dc.t thlr in th? d ol rhis
(3r.40%)oI the n n hed !nnr@.d hadr, drpts p. c:4 ror peic,l p@oss, isnoE
,nd 17 F! Mt ds jrcl{.d b*hftcpn.ly. ji W. cm doid io do ,o. hdwfti-onry

a=!:!e i Aftiodcorb!,
9'6'Eb.
 :6d eNiddia ih. a9 nd vho lud tntr @, TIE *idmc! of brodld is imhd.d
c.blnv wi$od ov €1@ rt.ll Tf,* hft nddv o slov ihar midu .tdn- rd
4e;e; h&v.: n.r'ephdic naiY or 32at a rmilv @iili'e habiu c0 b.,hoa; s eovm
,rt. ..dY th. iffi .. thc tobl of t36 nm d. D;6.ne ; lehc. of [he 2 tw A 6t-
who hrd'no &tuiq, t2,97 r .lJ. h &m u;F Udes w. Le. it aii.cli b clrq
fuuy jsrfi'6le b coisidd ti.m in t[. l.G ih..dr.ory of dE \Eong" chnd ** n4.

Tee 2l: TtrB oDFhlme

N a% Na t a N0 %
odiDd oiy,,,.,..,. . d nr6
rs6 d d v..,,,.,.,. @ td

THE EVIDENCEOF BROTHEP.S TeE2+ H. DFur:rffie AMdM

In d dis it M DGibL b iddtiry ll !ffiN
Bis of brotld rit i+s of ,. Th.ir Fi-
ii6 ir r6Dd b erdm. or.6sne ol tlE
? ldndeot .mi.I iaMing r sft(M d
1 ThL bb!. L diddlr to inalpEc l.r8!lt
mrll, In thc Fis of bFtll.q thft sc to
6. a @ddci fd boih d mithq b hm
f,rtu'ed sknlh F{dls of d!. tu of drF
bds. h r[.5dof r, tL. .mI;& f @
!b to EI unhi@ of coE.o@ aclf c.iqii' ody . .,.. r 11)
tbs th. s. ;othcimy bc;ffi sho dir Lrmidoid 6iv . . . . . . . . 3 (6)
I.r, L th. trtE rieht oim* ol dr !bl. tfi.
nmbd h ilidrh*a r.pr6.dt t[. tromb.s
@dad in dh of rf,e acbsd il d! Frdp
v of t7 fsiliE w.e r end@ .mDk of dr.
ehob &n6. tf w. cmbi'c "hmbdoid only''
nd "dipibl ony' m *c th.t this b i[. ii,
*3 !^aa
aP
 ASf MMET RY, AN D logiel hdEh iI tuhing ir eus.d by
'J'NDEDNESS,FLATTENING cntug. A brby lying on hi bet mighr
rn sbk 4 w sv thr mr 3 n\ird of ou itu o rm b on. !id., rd ir h! h.biturlv
idid h:d sym.Ek,l h.rdr; ih:r ji r hiqh chos th€ sme sidc th.r iidc hilht be .i,
Eho, F,cid a?mm.ry, d rhe orhd hrtr, p.cr.d to b.{ the bull( of rh. lLftini.u on
v5 negrisibL. \,vith rbmrmn 2frost of rh. othd hrnd J rh. bp of hs hadvd.
d:d1 ryrrm€ryj ,nd 'n the indietion tfin p*d .s:itur th. hadh;rd, qhich side h.
ruch ltnor:u otth. flrknii! niqh 50b! tMcd b vodd mlc li6le diilerme
,bih slrlemwonh w ;baDbE rf i. The my @ 6 thi $cord iha i, b e
Pdibilty ttui rh* ? fetoG airo.i:ad. *dlthc oi no! occiDibl fl.EDiE did hrd.d-
Ii^r, h@.vs, n mGr b..oLroed '. hov k 6 f soci&4. rll. fr.-qu."ci6 for
judgd q hich sid. the .ry'lmady E or. An hmddns m elq.n on hbL a. w. raild
@tuicrl 5hd h!l@ @ o'je nde or rh. fo. h{ld.drc by Eirg *hich n.nd the nrn
oth{. Wb€n : rkuu btrlscdio rtr. LfL *. pur our o kk rh. dnmmd.i Dd il hc
c.ucd n I.!r cdiil sF;etry. {nd in. i:oF *med to h6ier, by dlid him b dNw r
16., When ii..hll boin 6hn&icrl son.. A rotd 6Ni or 7;s mr lor krr
,nd n:@d, the Dt:n. 'AoI tuMis @d hmdednN s.tu lEon:bli fd s counEy
ro r,f. oppsic sidakom rlrr ddistuidd whn rlftd no on. is Ii&Ee. .nd yhd. di.
dy ompmdi06 ,bour whjch h.nd to us.
Tor?t: HrMNB.,Asyr}IrE, N ti. in nL idd of aiir! :nd i6 trltin*. 6'nr
FhnNrNc. TlbL 2J .bo sh;^ rir hmd.dB ie
socired Firh .mi.l ffiff ir sny c&,
in rh. nm elD k mi occiDialy nait.n.d.
i! re.hcd . Q of + .J3,but ininc; vho vc
so &tb€d, it abinld dE D€rlY cmdd
ssocinior of + ,39. wnft 6is dn! b in m
n tht th. hr6i6 *ho @ dEh nmd.d ied
. hd.'cy to tull oE m rh. idr b fe. th.i!
nghr m4 rnd io lool witfi d.ir riAht .F,
d, qhil. ih. brbiB sho $m hli hbital
hd 2 mdmcr b do d. opDdiE k qodd
b. nuy r:ng. rf th* noftm.ns volll
diffi rh. slall or b. e.iEd with hcf,
diMidr viihout hdeht of edL.
THE EOSTON EVIDENCE
The 6d &ind ol did.ncc, of eucq i5
dp.ri@ul. Atthdeh ir v{ ibrGjblc b
drrinst with rh. cid r luun;6 mm-
m;nt of drcrry t[. Lini v. ned ws ion-
dtrc.d uwihi'sly for B bv s emD oI se-
.'d tlNmd T;k Shon]v b,_tfo'i Wdtd
wd | , qhole viltec Kriudi DoUd oD
o=+ e tuk6 md mov.d to AnrnE. Mdi or rhair
s.rl.d i. th! neishhortuod of 30tu. whe
T.bl! 2t 5hoM , d.6ni6 t ndh.y tor dm rhq v4 rdrdbv o$rE frcm nul$dinc
viti occiDibl flft.inz to hrec miid gsm- fh. rntfoDol@icrr
m.dy 6 w.ll; ! lid.;oE d,r hdl o\. oa "irrF bv ihi! miptui6n h;v. wiDlobl;G
sd6i
m:
h h. frlid
ciDit y n.ftn.d ta& a .ho {lnmdiet d ! vlDl., lld rh-.n nvdtiFiio. rhdld vield
M;d .;id, hDbdoid drndiig m':y .r ruy pbir ii ws b &m; For tft. moindt
noi h,v. (trjd .sym?Ey! io $.t g9 s'uch
sligbt bcgituiing h'y h ftd., ahid vin
th. socirtion i a ch,Jc oL This s.tr !.ft be Po+6 oI thc pledr E?.e
l' b,y
Dll@ rh. sinF ol 1916-47,2 snduE R'6 of EftD.." qrith a eph'irc indn of
oily srud€rc; th. tldJJ D.Ftudaof An_ 0r.r, h. jr ! liviE rg1lrut rlit ddlir8 tuy
6rop.logy. d6riE busr progr.S Mdmor
ooducidE n.6inq: @os sth thn ind.r
inclldirs both Albd,n hom 0d Ardi4 qho cEa d $idGd ;E dedi.sly In.
bm (6; 16), q.dhd ind Mcndl.d TkY Ndlv tlEliownls had ociDibt tutu-
n6ur.a r7 !d'nB of bod *rc pho hrd iq, v[iL NGtftnds hrd ldhdoid G Rn.
b(n bom in Albdi& 6d cndl.d, ,'d t0 Oi the 46 I clnt w'd bot[. mnv h.d oG
jndividBq rl$ of hot6 s.n bm in and- tr(nlmd (rr.ni@ ir ? Fdq *i'nktr by
ic., ol vhd ody wdc 10 ysF old d { oarc, I}ft.-en lLM.d it $.h 3ir
DchAutnM'lry 6 deid. rbiEily
T:ble 26 !i€ tha 6du in n\. dqoild b;;d z dE@ad. o|r dc bhnt Bit
of Kidbl ;d I'rhdoid nrmins. o' i d. m Dlrc 'r'.
h'd bm-di6.d t r +++, or ir
D.Fm bom io Albani. I{l.d rDy i.ind of wild htE bd s.d,- Alnlooeh m si itif-
tu@ns hc is Mr, Pdd Pd.Mn, *']lor. r.ltG rpp.c i, pM. or;isrdE or i*
picM iry b.3m @ pl'E 14,69, ,, of "Ttc Enirg. ili borh occlprhl rd ldbddd €itu-

Trh 26: aEE

| ,i t\| B b2l

ill
inL thc nd shov.d nuch ndl{.d dt
'oE be had to
q;; rhrn th. vond. lr wdld
6nd:nlahd. r noF nrft.md gr.uF Tn6!
Tosksi. nu.n mon 8:M.d thm lh. Gh.ss
of N sriq o'ny ih! dbe.n ol zadrih.
rd M,l5ir o M:dh. apDro,ch rh.d. Th.
T616 howmr, ctmcEiistic.lly h{. both
lubdoid rnd occiDiBl qp6 f one r'iiL
mdg lh. Gh.F ; com6imtion or iht so
L fti. Tn. TGIa {. rlo socbs. havid,
hfiid M ihr ih. Gn.gi, rnd oor. fF
ou.ndv brld, Rlci.llv dry DD.tr to b.
iriolry alpii., -h€is rhdch+ tr no(
misly
'
Disiq in thcd^nc *e
The ahiLcrd of rhe p.opl!, bm in An*-
ie dd ra&d in tnfma ii.rcdy the sd.
fa$ion 6 othq .r0dlc'n chnd@ difd
iM rhen w.n6 s\ dqht be .@:t i
lou our ori hid lmr hmbdoid6runins,
whnc onlv ft olt of t hd the ocdpibr
wi€w. 6 rh. iqn.nci6 of d€ek. or ddP
iDl d;ftnirs r nsih. ddmduE pbgKdn
n sm frm :b6.nr io e io + F ++, frd
is s[* dc vdld dDcct fd rhc itcid.m
of . ninciv cnu;E wt ii .cqdcd
rbftuh the;R e.is is rbsmci This
^ dl6i k.n oong
6 rh!-oppciE eo,_oonlrom
ac Gh;; od L\. Alb:nir bdn Tdk. Ttu
d.o6 -of lrrbddd n.ftninc :lsa :sm. !
io;orl dnEibldo( sih t[. Di'lt * n Two
lnodLd n.l6 vith bnbdoid ir6ioC d$
hd b*hroc.ph.lF Sn.ll6 rhtu *ri6 4 ir
Fidmiii;r borh tr.ti6 rpD.s ii .sly
chldhoo4-md prcbebly in idincy, mong
+e Ad.ri.m-bom. h iem, nor m inmsc
wrh :ce. Lmbdoid fl!@a tr j6 6 fr
o,EDt;doru dr m(rdkd 6 :m@ the
dndLd. bur;mdns rh. hitd ir ir m@h dG
ntrk.d, Fm ihrididoc. one.r onlv mn-
dud. 6d Yhm it epp.m d 1 snrl r@ of
n'Rnir( onrv tr 6 Diobrblv Fn.tic, hur !h*
vhm ;dlni! n ;dd.d rha m. incr..s.
o..ipiEl f,arirns is roud mong mly 6 out
or r0 of tht uar{Ied Ttet orth*dwft
Eacd to slishi of ih. dtd I, on with +
qs,n rlE-old sin: th. odd 2 h{d ++
Of rh6., o;t i5s yobgs broth{ of Mr' P.Rr
PeEI!4 :Eed 24 Tn e d b. oo quddon
i his l*. Ile M nd mdl.d,
-kE-
Th. odd t : lr rdd voru boF D
Mrin . In hq cd. ri. e iot I u OcciP-
id nia.nins is Drob$lv rls q.n.ric d tjms,
q prcducd-by ;thd mvronri.nr,l inlMc
or ;hi.i ve ;E nor i*L wh.d it od6
vith rh. Iftou.ncv lnd b rhe d4..r shoM
bv rht .Hill:d T;k, * my bartsombly
si. rh* the ccdlinq E l@Bibl. fd n.6!
br not n.c6r'ly :[ of ir'Th. lcmn TGL
DoDUlrm up.ni'lv n!.d5 r rhmuqh 5Fdv,
ir'ljit thc oB ;.ooli vho Ld the cor;v r(;s
ihe ocd d; dn eith q :nd t.foF tlt
YosC p.oP,c & <tisFE.d.
TEE ANTHROPOWTRT OF
FLATTENINA
R.mins o ou Chcq$ri6 e. nry su-
q th..fic! or boih ri'dt of 6.idii'e on
ih; mior d;fttriod ol th. h.r4 $d on th.
c.phrlic in&x, s slDn in hbL 27 and 6gu.
7.'Co'ffi wft rho srLed for oolq
mininm fohl bimm*ic, biqonirL robl
r:a h.jghr olFr r; h.shc i6e h$bl
lh6( dFw oopl.c bl.J* dcPr btJgon:ac,
l]@i lni6 Mirl ullt forn h6 ndh;dg
vhrd.r b do virh {y of thd .xcrpt the
widih oI rhe f'e arhd e.n..ie Y or m!
cbmielv. Iuh.morc, the ftlui of $ch
ffiirjk itrirtrr d 6c. h.khr ,od n6. h.isbr
to.hrn@ with dDt of dre_@.oitlfi dre
bdtp.n-dmc€ ol ih* l,u riom th. ir,itr-
f,ca of lgq om. the $N€ hlc€ .ntiftly
:rh. ditllsim ol ti. v{nr 3ot ih.Gllc
out into , eqona; ihc. th* lE ffily
ddiicrl witn qch orhd rnd th6. drt lP
pMch or 16n sii3tidl signifdc. Itr
fte.d Lnlth, ldr'rall:nd d, e tn sm.;
in rh. btadrl'.ldrdad dd a lt rL
'e
hdqhq ,.oriel md ,,.* c a\.5rfti in rh!
cfliklic indd :I r. ditr mi
ir i5 nkctioE o 0b6.ft th{ hmMoid
n:Mim, d@,r; ic Dtsiti@ sdll es I
I'dl.3ho_tuini of the tad, ind titt th. nm
with b.th @6 of nrEni4 fouoq thd
P'ih bnbd;ia only in thn_dimsin In
hr'dth, h@.u, ill. lflbdoid:l$ n,ft.n d
fiads lollow rh. nnnrfrnnl vhil. thc n.n
with 6orhe*. th.ir b('dtn frm rheir occiF
id nafrdi@. As one{ould dF€! ldbaold
n.ftning e_ni6 viA it th. lo;6t ldG for
 mm Tnn hffi in f:c brcidtlc tfiolgn sig-
hcrd heidt md FiPibl th. hkhd -Ih' nifr(:d. n nd ercrc Anoritd d.mdr m
th. occipiol li4 phrk tnG
lkh dtr Iollow ahich 'n
s.fr to
qiih ,.nld d. b.$eo whrcvd onDld i5 de rusl Dro6l.,
's ' erd more conq €i ihe occiPut b'cdd
n,n flrv hrve lnbdoid €aRiing Plt6b 66 ! rY
d b.v@d t ca_ ;c8.@d.d. fi.lignifi(reor
hL hdd fiom bonq shokn
diPid nrdning e s ndv be sd sc in thc rddy Pregrdson d
imd.ac., if he hx i'PF
l bord dd bsh md' Ai d' pcEdtsgB of coNs in th. el'm
tr dh'e
T^!G ?7, AMnoPoMdrY db FuTdm

* |ra e
\i. toi.

!h! qlu6 fo' th' aPhdi' ibrils d.ertc of oaipiiJ n*rcning rirn ii
muld wq lr miY b! rh{ tunY
ind.i fol6v : Pog6id rrcm @ rv ;Bd-d d
'atb'rLFr rhs rmrrud sd 'dded
,..irx,r dd i nnr. of 5 indd Poin6
ly, nx@ing n r viBl fictor b s' rurdP or vi!\ had I@ rnd nme of thm vne rod
ro h. cbt d. ldnbdoid n,ftdiis doa Dod_
DinniG. ia o th. frc.. ociPiDl fl8tujng mrY
ln rl. n.6 for rn. bizvgomrdc dum's' h;or cbout r 3[shi ffirl brddmng r coi_
d'f.ffiG G d b'tffi d'_
si@6d
dAd nA bath, ot.i,"A botb ttu natN ncJon Mih tha srciRr brcrdojng-.t 6'
D{kDl5. for $ tr sepntd rhe14 or
rd ,rtr. Ldbdoid 'ntt d,@in8 do6. nd 'ftcn-
;!.nr or th. im@i:l muelA, n nrt in 50
bord.n rh. frc. bur ,PPlMd)r d'Fd
dos, Tb. dod whY ,,r, ddd doine.$s sprt:dth€hooP6derwhich th6'
"4pfl'l nsil6 pa; m th. nlndiburn (drla,
only is thit ,,t, hr highd nlc ror &gG whi.h n;rin coMnL Th. ins6' b I@
of 6dipiDl tumnlng ti:n a..+dat dr'
codqiry sodd En.d . fory(L ln. F ?.iE fqD.n6 of occiDol bd LnlL
'hNiog io rfi. doio flradir! Lhr;dc drii--*
eg,d b. or tbecinium tho'gh rh( r8-d io h€d romi6qr.7, ja, ,ri-,i;*t wh.n $. u_
orne ndr peg6 Fft.n.d indjyidiDl5 in e.ch Fbt 5d6 m

ephrrc qd:nq f'm .7e poirB tN.j in rf,.

@r of
indd of !e.or. wirh modc or s individut5 Duligi;, b ,.os ;DioB tow.r in ttr. Th.
' ft { ,L cmpt... r.8ltmt o, rhis stltr Doyid6
TJB 23; TT'b[ CPR& ND IxDq MiN.

Tt. t .ddr lEls bom i! An.ris niv. rd ib ediddior { dafroiq ,jft w

cfh.lic itrdis of 74 7a,n, si, s& pin'j Bp6ible td lh. ditrffiG id eDhjtic
r nd of 31;, out of J G s rmr 'ndh.'d.d s tu.ir, thm qhm .ll il,Med pso$ wc
th. r* of rhcAnaih Dolulsrioi whiL dE @ovcd d$ ribal n s s[odd t. idmdsl
odia ? .ppdime tftdnim and no& or Th.y r! mi, .rld w lnk ucovdd 2 &.1.
pEbrht g.n!tic, difec. id h.rd fo;
tugiog frd 1 frd of 34 ir the vd ro 3l
TNAAL DISTRIBU?:IONOFHEAD d the d This .ccords Efccdv vidr in
ngioill didilutjd of f,ii.t n;lff.fr66
Tlbl. 233hM d*ly rld it i, not ftr.ly vhich w hr. .lr.ady id,
 rH[ MCLAL POSITIONOF THE CtIf,C \4OIINIAIMETS
.raHls chlpF tred tor b. Iong li witl fr@ D@o b Sc@i dd id rtu r.sid
I @Bisr l;*lv of I red.rot of thc df Marlh . M{dh! rnd n\c r.fa €cM oI
prcbleD. . r.viN of dic aidbe, &ndr cd- DlLjqL :ro mbe ri. DEly tuiukd
Foeq6ti@ ilmlmE div.d Ism ih. ,.nd
L lho Dohkn ir vba is r Ditdq md ldn snicl rha -fd res of rh. Gh6
hd do6'hc ed. b hc otrt Thc Gh€g llad cmtslsnic
n@@idff @ eL@d s $bis for thjs 3, TL. sn6 viich w h1re ftdild M
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Dirdc Dsple i. tb. \idld, dd h@s. thry of dE viu6. lf,c.d for r ftw Eib6 wirhin
ldid in r id l td cflml!, shich rh-r.sio@l itisiburim n llrq n
'. 2. r1r. nomsis'E in shich th.y liE giE ! tu co'.r:g. of rhl sthroF@cEy of
PFv.
b he d 6. rfng., difiolt of ec.sE cm_
L I. dcfc ft Momdn Gh.g s 2 Dinic
L Th. vdl of n\c Gh.e leF llir rnd oi rh. clsic Me s @.cc4 but virh viilc
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FoDk shom t d sPPd ha log siR rh.'@nhl vrd!, di d : ls lml p..Tnr-
bei Eched in !m .n rfi. acbni$6 m_ iri6 scb 6 rn incidlne of bilrftsl.,l'iq
olortd. Tn. f.w cEftu vho @n. do b:rd.s od d6lEbr (]W6. The eF*-
it o sorlq lik dt csdebliltt E. mo. .n 6t unilomjry ;fdnd in d$ bmdd! bd
Tfir of Gid6,lil,. th. I{lg $d3 E@dios ol th. fuq dE dim6i6 .nd
^romEisdoort nd N@ r. inood
or scndmd irdDholo* of tn mq hrir fom :nd dit-
d Th. mmioin d choM hi5 bnde bY r ribiti@-ind DiejrHktid. Th. ches
&'+honond sb vhjch, vin sdologi- whi.h ft 6d'i-mifom r rIE oG nd
euy do€flo,il biolo8uny keF t[. gsd lil.lv o b. e.n tielv c(mlhd, nd or
ihd; which ; d lArbh c thd which
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'; F.nddg LeF 10. Mdy oa rid. I'er difie@d @ b.
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6, RdaiN d'trddcG help block nurt gr ddm rd rh..f.c6 'sc,of cdline
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ein nsry Oithodoi EftPr in r I.w Egid hiEblell@ of bom hdr, ldM'iid &E
jr sgEgr6 C"tholic d lvl$hs a w.u. t6ina 6ibE;l chi6, and bud shoddes,
TN! DoinBb rh. DGme ol a Gocs .lr
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sc Ein th. sisnd lilu or th. !N n .n_ virb di.n f.Iow Alhdis o. th. Kcovo
nim r.c Illyris no'd do* froD th. Dldq ha* . f.w p..1ni[ii6 of th.i! orr!
drht@ followins drc noutu, dd $F ididldY r knd.nd b 60r. hrldnq nG
rled iL son ThIidN nrv b,ft mEEd tlrk h.ir:dd . ddLd d,ia Thsc
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bd uovd.d id eit or ihe corEols G f'mordil4A@jl]4.K.EiomdDd
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b. fully Gr.d ulil b.@ du Erh'nd. .nr nd individually,
b( 6 r Sroup,.nlyby
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who hf ebit.d had ;d .dn ljdr.. D,rrbleb mrv lool ooDui.ros,n varcn
lt. r ore vft ro choffi * rndm r0d7 Gmuv rd Ausr'fbry m or rhe5m.
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dnlpd ihrm b Andi.1 f.td thrn oo th. s6ts AioM D.ool6 m.
f:i ol dr L!4 rn<l bdrP thm ue E lh. rm 17.LI. m;t dn.i Euop.rD popubti@
of vsrinv :nd Drovidadr-anaicm 4nB or s6d,iry Nordic d Mcdit.lmtr (or
ft Eftd xnd t6.n n.6@ th.m nfr rh. Nordic ud M€didmem) chs@r, rh.y
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