Syllabus for B. Sc. Engg.

(APEE), RU, Session: 2010 2011

Part-III: Odd Semester (Exam 2013)

APEE3111 Electromagnetic Theory & Antenna
100 Marks [70% Exam, 20% Quizzes/Class Tests, 10% Attendance] 1Unit, 4 credits, 6 periods/week, Lectures: 66, Exam. Time: 4 hours Section A 1. Field Equations: Field equations based on laws of Coulomb, Ampere and Faraday; Displacement current, Maxwell's equations, Units and dimensions of field vectors, E-H symmetry, Lorenzs lemma, Scalar and vector potentials, Retarded potentials. 2. Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves: Wave equations, Plane Wave concept, Plane electromagnetic waves in Free space, Conducting, Dielectric and Ionized media. 3. Poynting Vector: Joule heating in good conductors, intrinsic impedance and propagation constant. 4. Reflection and Refraction of Electromagnetic Waves: Boundary conditions, The laws of reflection and Snell's law of refraction, Reflection from dielectrics and conductors, Fresnel's equations, The Brewster angle, Total reflection, Skin effect, Phase and group velocities, Reflection and refraction in the ionosphere. Section B 5. Wave Guides: Rectangular and cylindrical wave guides, Cavity resonators, Microstrip lines and their characteristics, Microwave hybrid circuits, Scattering parameters, Wave guide Tees, Directional couplers, Circulators and Isolators, Phase shifter and attenuator. 6. Transmission Lines: Transmission line equations and parameters; Transmission line configuration and formulae, Transmission line at radio frequency; Impedance matching; Line termination, Smith chart, S. W. R. Q and band width, Balanced and unbalanced feeder from transmitter to antenna, Transmission at audio frequency; Distortion less line. 7. Antenna Fundamentals: Antenna Parameters, Dipole antenna, Current and voltage distribution, Electrical length, Radiation resistance & patterns, Antenna tuning and coupling, Hertz and Marconi antenna. 8. Types of Antennas: Thin Linear Antenna, Antenna arrays; Broadcast tower antenna, Yagi antenna, Turnstile antenna, Helical, Rhombic, Horn antenna and their uses, Loop antenna, Parabolic, Periodic, Parasitic and Lens antenna. Books Recommended. Text Books: 1. D. R. Corson and P. Lorain 2. J. D. Kraus 3. S.L.Gupta and V. Kapur Reference Books: 1. J.D. Ryder 2. A. B. Brownell and R. E. Beam 3. J.D. Jackson

: Introduction to Electromagnetic Field & waves : Antennas : Handbook of Electronics : Networks, Lines and Fields. : Theory and Application for Microwave. : Classical Electrodynamics.

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Syllabus for B. Sc. Engg. (APEE), RU, Session: 2010 2011

4. G. Markov 5. Laport 6. J Reich 8. Y. Liao 9. J.D. Kraus 10. i , o

o

: Antennas : Antennas : Microwave Principle : Microwave Devices and Circuits Devices : Electromagnetics : m tt

APEE3121 Radio and TV Engineering

100 Marks [70% Exam, 20% Quizzes/Class Tests, 10% Attendance] 1Unit, 4 credits, 6 periods/week, Lectures: 66, Exam.Time: 4 hours Section A 1. Propagation of Radio Wave: Surface & space wave propagation, Sky wave through ionosphere, Theory of Eccles and Larmer, Pulse method for measuring height and electron concentration of ionospheric region, Chapman theory of layer formation, Ionospheric storm, Frequency spectrum. 2. Broadcasting Transmitter: Different types of transmitter by power & waves, Elements of transmitter stabilized master oscillator, Frequency multipliers, Mixer exciters, R.F. power amplifier, AM & FM transmitter, Transmitter performance, Carrier frequency stability, Audio frequency response. Distortion. Signal to distortion ratio. 3. Radio Receiver: Receiver classification, T. R. F. and heterodyne receiver, Principle of AM receiver, Superheterodyne receiver, AM demodulators, Reception and preselection, FM receiver, FM reception, AFC circuit, Limiters, Ratio detectors, Foster-Seely detector, Comparison of AM and FM receiver, Noise in receiver, Noise limiting circuits. AGC circuits, Receiver sensitivity, Cross modulation, Spurious response converters, Detector and modulation circuits. Radio receiver servicing, Servicing transistor receiver, Receiver trouble shootings. 4. Standard Broadcast Stations: Components of a broadcast system, The broadcast console, Audio levels, Frequency monitoring, Modulation monitors, Emergency broadcast systems, Disk recording, Playback records, Microwave relay system, Cable relay system, Satellite relay system, Broadcasting studio properties & design. Section B 5. Fundamentals of TV: Transmission and reception of picture information, Scanning, Standard scanning pattern, Synchronization, Blanking pulses, Composite video signal, Vestigial sideband transmission, Line of sight transmission, TV channels. 6. TV Camera: Storage type camera tubes: Non-storage type camera tubes; Iconoscope; Image orthicon, Vidicon, Plumbicon, CCD and CMOS camera, Colour TV camera. 7. TV Transmitter & Receiver: Fundamentals of TV receiver, Picture tubes, Deflection circuit, High voltage power supply, Folded dipole with directors and reflectors for TV receiver, TV Transmitter and TV studio design, HDTV. 8. Colour TV: Definition of Colour TV, Types of colour video signals, Matrix circuits, Colourplexed composite video signal, Fundamentals of colour TV receiver, Colour picture tube, LCD and other flat panel TV receivers.

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Syllabus for B. Sc. Engg. (APEE), RU, Session: 2010 2011

Books Recommended: Text Books: 1.A.G. Mithal 2. Robert L. Shrader 3. R. R. Gulati 4. Marcelo S. Alencar Reference Books: 1. S.L.Gupta and V.Kumar 2. Ghirardi and Johnson 3. K.R.Sturlen 4. K.R.Sturlen 5. Keith Henry 6. J.S. Millman and H. Taub 7. B. Grob 8. A. Schure 9. Fowler and Liport

: Radio & TV Engineering : Electronic Commuication : Monochrome & Color Television : Digital Television Systems

: Hand book of Electronics : Radio TV Rreceiver Circuitry and Operation : Radio Receiver Design: Vol. 1 & II : Radio Transmitter and Receiver Design : Radio Engineering Handbook : Pulse Digital and Switching Waveforms : Basic TV : Basic TV : Television Fundamentals

APEE3131 Basic Solid State Physics and Material Science

100 Marks [70% Exam, 20% Quizzes/Class Tests, 10% Attendance] 1 Unit, 4 credits, 6 periods/week, Lectures: 66, Exam. Time: 4 hours Section A 1. Crystal structure: Concept of Solid, Unit cell, Bravis lattice, Miller Indices, Classification of crystals, Some simple crystal structure. 2. Elementary Diffraction Theory: Braggs law, Laue equations, Atomic scattering and structure factor, Determination of unit cell, Powder diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Diffraction and transmission microscope, Neutron diffraction. 3. Crystal Binding: Types of bonding, Crystal of inert gases, Vander Waals-London interaction, Repulsive interaction, Cohesive energy, Ionic crystal, Electrostatic energy, Evaluation of Madelung constant, Covalent crystal, Metal crystal, Hydrogen bonded crystal, Surface binding energy. 4. Crystal Growth: Semiconducting materials - Group IV, III-V and II - VI compounds, Preparation of high purity semiconductor materials, Zone melting and other purification techniques, Growth from the melt. Section B 5. Electrical Conduction in Metals: Electrons in field free crystal, Electron gas approximation, Boltzmann transport equation, Mean free path, Temperature dependence of resistivity; Matthiessen's rule; Structural dependence of resistivity. 6. Conduction in Semiconductor: Semiconductors, Band model of semiconductor, Intrinsic semiconductor, Extrinsic semiconductors, Drift mobility, Diffusion constant, Minority carrier life time, Hall effect, Metal-semiconductor contacts.

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Syllabus for B. Sc. Engg. (APEE), RU, Session: 2010 2011

7. Mechanical Properties: Variations of Elastic modulii, Elastic deformation, Viscous deformation, Plastic deformation, Annealing and crystallization, Fracture, Mechanical testing, Tensile test, Compression test, Hardness test, Impact test, Fatigue test, Creep and stress rupture, Non-destructive testing. 8. Multiphase Materials: Phase-equilibrium, One component system, Two -component system, Eutectic, Phase change without compositional change, Martensitic transformations, Nucleation of phase changes, Homogeneous nucleation, Heterogeneous nucleation, Ceramics, Cement and concrete. Books Recommended. Text Books: 1. C. Kittel 2. J. C. Anderson, K. D. Leaver, J. M. Alexander and R. D. Rawlings 3. J. Mckelvy Reference Books: 1. L.J.Azaroff and J.J. Brophy 2. A.J. Dekker 3. L.H.Van Vlack 4. M.A. Wahab 5. C. M. Kachava 6. C. A. Wert and & R. M. Thomson
7. : : o :

: Introduction to Solid State Physics : Materials Science : Solid State & Semiconductors Physics

: Electronic Process in Materials : Solid State Physics : Elements of Materials Science and Engineers : Solid state Physics : Solid State Physics : Physics of Solids
: as j

APEE3141 Non-Conventional Energy

50 Marks [70% Exam, 20% Quizzes/Class Tests, 10% Attendance] 0.5 Unit, 2 credits, 3 periods/week., Lectures: 33, Exam. Time: 3 hours Section A 1. Introduction: World energy, requirements and reserve; Source of non Conventional energy, Solar radiation ; Solar constant; Solar geometry; Azimuth; Declination; Day length; measurement of Solar radiation; Solar collectors: Flat plate collectors; collector efficiency factor; heat removal factor and flow rate factor. 2. Radiation characteristics and energy storage: Absorption; transmittance; reflectance; selective surfaces. Types of energy storage; sensible heat storage; latent heat storage. Section B 3. Solar Cells: Characteristics of a solar cell; Optimization of cell design; MIS Solar cells, Amorphous silicon-material properties, Solar Pannels. 4. Other non-conventional energy: Biomass; source of biomass; wind power; wind power system; transmission, generation and control; wind mill; water power; tidal power.

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Syllabus for B. Sc. Engg. (APEE), RU, Session: 2010 2011

Books Recommended: 1. G. D. Rai 2. G. D. Rai 3. D. Rapp 4. J. A. Duffiee 5. M. A. Green 6. B. S. Magal 7. Richard C. Neville 8. Edward E. Anderson 9. Fisk and Andersion

: Solar energy utilization : Non conventional source of energy : Solar energy : Solar engineering of thermal process : Solar Cell : Solar power engineering

Solar energy conversion: The solar cell

: Fundamental of Solar energy conversion : Introduction to Solar technology

APEE3172 Electronic Workshop

25 Marks [60% Practical & Report, 30% Viva Voce, 10% Class Attendance] 1 credit, 0. 25 Units. 3 periods/week. Introduction to formal procedures of preventive maintenance, Circuit tracing, Trouble shooting Fault repairing, Soldering and de-soldering of electronic circuits, Design of PCB layout, Etching. Fault finding & servicing: Radio & TV, CD/VCD player, Mobile phone, Computer, etc.

Books Recommended: Text Books:

1. Keith Mobley, Lindley Higgins & Darrin Wikoff 2. Tim Williams : Maintenance Engineering Handbook : The Circuit Designers Companion (2nd Ed.)

Reference Books:
1. Marcus & Levy 2. Mark I. Montrose : Elements of Radio Servicing : A Handbook for Designers

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Syllabus for B. Sc. Engg. (APEE), RU, Session: 2010 2011

Part- III: Even Semester (Exam 2013)

APEE3211 IC Fabrication & Communication Electronics
100 Marks [70% Exam, 20% Quizzes/Class Tests, 10% Attendance] 1Unit, 4 credits, 6 periods/week, Lectures: 66, Exam.Time: 4 hours Section A 1. Manufacturing Wafers: Semiconductor Silicon Preparation, Crystalline materials, Crystal orientation, Crystal growth, Crystal and wafer quality, Wafer preparation, Wafer slicing, Wafer making, Rough polishing, Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), Backside processing, Double-sided processing, Double-sided polishing, Edge grinding and polishing, Wafer evaluation, Oxidation, Epitaxial layer on silicon wafer. 2. Oxidation and Basic Patterning: Silicon dioxide layer uses, Thermal oxidation mechanism, Thermal oxidation methods, Rapid thermal processing (RTP), High-pressure oxidation, Oxidation processes, Postoxidation evaluation, Anodic oxidation, Thermal nitridation. Overview of the photomasking process, Ten step process, Basic photoresisit chemistry, Comparison of positive and negative resists, Photomasking process, Surface preparation, Photoresist spinning, Soft bake. 3. Doping and Deposition: Definition of a junction, Formation of doped region, Formation of doped region and junction by diffusion, Diffusion process steps, Deposition, Drive-inoxidation, Introduction to ion implantation, Concept of ion implantation, Ion implantation system. Chemical vapor deposition, CVD process steps, CVD system types, Atmospheric pressure CVD systems, LPCVD, PECVD, VPE, MBE, MOCVD, Deposited films, Deposited semiconductors, Epitaxial silicon, Polysilicon and Amorphous silicon deposition, SOS and SOI, Insulators, Dielectrics and Conductors. 4. Metallization and Packaging: Conductors-single level metallization, Conductors-multilevel metal schemes, Conductors, Metal film uses, Deposition methods, Vacuum pumps. Chip characteristics, Package functions and design, Overview of packaging operations, Packaging processes, Package process folows, Package/bare die strategies, Package design. Section B 5. Introduction to electronic communication: Importance of communications in these days of computer emphasis, Elements & types of communications systems, General applications, The electromagnetic spectrum, Bandwidth. 6. Amplitude Modulation and Amplitude Modulation Circuits: Amplitude modulation principles, Modulation index & percentage of modulation, Sidebands, Bandwidth and the frequency domain, Power distribution along spectrum, Single-Sideband (SSB), Frequency conversion AM modulators/demodulator, Balanced modulators, SSB circuits, Mixers & Converters. 7. Frequency Modulation (FM) and Frequency Modulation Circuits: FM principles, Phase Modulation, Sidebands/Bandwidth, Modulation index (FM), FM vs AM, comparison of characteristics, Frequency Modulators, Phase-locked-loop, frequency synthesis with crystal oscillator, Phase modulators, Frequency demodulator.

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Syllabus for B. Sc. Engg. (APEE), RU, Session: 2010 2011

8. Microwave devices: Gunn Diode, IMPATT Diode, TRAPATT Diode, Klystron, Magnetron, TWT. Books Recommended: Text Books: 1. Peter Van Zant : Microchip Fabrication: A practical guide to semiconductor processing 2. Louis Frenzel : Communication Electronics, 3rd Ed 3. R. G. Carter : Electromagnetic Waves: Microwave Components and Devices Reference Books: 1. S. M. Sze : VLSI Technology 2. Krauss : Solid State Radio Engineering : Physics of Semiconductor Devices 3. S M Sze and Kwok K Ng

APEE3221 Pulse and Switching Circuits

75Marks [70% Exam, 20% Quizzes/Class Tests, 10% Attendance] 0.75Unit, 3 credits, 5 periods/week, Lectures: 55, Exam. Time: 4 hours Section A 1. Linear Wave Shaping: The high-pass and low pass RC circuits (Sinusoidal, Step-voltage, Pulse, Square-wave, Exponential and ramp inputs), The high-pass RC circuit as a differentiator, The low-pass RC circuit as an integrator, Attenuator, RL circuits, RLC circuits, Ringing circuits. 2. Pulse Transformer: Pulse transformer applications, Transformer models, Complete equivalent circuit, Rise-time response of a transformer, The flat top of the pulse, Complete pulse response. 3. Circuits for Generating Linear Voltage Sweeps: Simple RC integrator, Linear sweep generators using current source, The miller integrator, Improved miller integrator, The bootstrap sweep generator, A practical bootstrap circuit. 4. Blocking- Oscillator Circuits: A triggered transistor blocking oscillator (base timing and emitter-timing), An astable transistor blocking oscillator (Diode-controlled and RC-controlled), Application of blocking oscillator. Section B 5. Negative-Resistance Device & Switching circuits: Negative -resistance and trigger devices, Tunnel diode, SCR, UJT, Diac and Triac General characteristics of negative resistance devices, Types of negative-resistance devices, Two terminal and three terminal negative-resistance devices (NRD), A tunnel-diode Astable oscillator, A unijunction oscillator and SCR power control. A simple TRIAC full wave ac controller. 6. Synchronization and Frequency Division: Pulse synchronization of relaxation devices; Frequency division in sweep circuit, Synchronization of blocking oscillator (stable) and astable multivibrator, Monostable relaxation circuit as divider, Stability of relaxation dividers, Synchronization of a sweep circuit with symmetrical signal; Sine wave frequency division with sweep circuit, Sine wave synchronization with sine wave astable multivibrator, Sinusoidal divider using regeneration and modulation, The locked oscillator as a divider, Synchronization of a sinusoidal oscillator with pulses.

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Syllabus for B. Sc. Engg. (APEE), RU, Session: 2010 2011

7. Induction and Dielectric Heating: Principles and theory of induction heating; Applications of induction heating, Principle of dielectric heating, Electrodes in dielectric heating, Uses, Welding. 8. Electronic Control of Motors and Generators: Automatic speed regulation, Controls of DC and AC motors, Synchronous motor control. Books Recommended: Text Books: 1. Jacob Millman and Herbert Taub Reference Books: 1. G.K.Mithal and A.K.Vanwasi 2. J. M.Pettit and M. M.McWhorter 3. i o :

: Pulse, digital and switching waveforms

: Pulse and digital electronics : Electronic switching timing and pulse circuits : o i

APEE3231 Instrumentation and Acoustic Engineering

50 Marks [70% Exam, 20% Quizzes/Class Tests, 10% Attendance] 0.5 Unit, 2 credits, 3 periods/week., Lectures: 33, Exam. Time: 3 hours Section A 1. Instruments & its static characteristics: Instrument systems, Functional elements, Classification of instrument, Standards & calibration, Performance parameters, Impedance loading & matching, Specifications of instruments, Selection of instruments. 2. Dynamic characteristics: Formulation of system equations, Compensation, Transducer elements, Analog & digital transducers. Dynamic response,

3. Amplifying, transmitting & recording elements: Amplifying elements, Data transmission elements; indicating, recording, and displaying elements. Section - B 4. Measuring Instruments: Spring-mass type seismic device, Elastic force device, Torsion dynamometer, High & low pressure measurement, Electrical resistance thermometer, Rate meter, Multimeter, Signal Generator, Oscilloscope, Flux meter, Electrometer, Gauss Meter 5. Grounding and Cabling Techniques: Noise, methods of noise coupling and eliminating interference, shielding of conductor, capacitive coupling, effect of shield on capacitive coupling, inductive coupling, magnetic coupling, shielding to prevent magnetic radiation, shielding a receiver against magnetic field, and grounding. 6. Acoustic Instruments and architectural acoustic design: Microphones, Loud speaker, Architectural elements, Measurement of reverberation time and its correction, Reverberation theory and Optimum reverberation in auditorium, Absorption of sound. Books recommended: Text Books: 1. B.C.Nakra & K.K. Choudhury 2. A. K. Sawhney 3. J. L. Hunter

: Instrumentation Measurement and Analysis : Electrical and Elec. Measurement and Instruments : Applied Acoustics

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Syllabus for B. Sc. Engg. (APEE), RU, Session: 2010 2011

Reference Books: 1. W. D. Cooper 2. S. Wolf & R. M. Smith 3. C. S. Rangan, G. R.Sarma, & V. S. Vmani 4. P. Crozier

:Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Technique : Student Reference Manual : Instrumentation devices and systems. : Electronic Instrumentation and measurements : Waves, Vibrations and Sound

5. C. L. Arora

APEE3241 Geophysics
100 Marks [70% Exam, 20% Quizzes/Class Tests, 10% Attendance] 1Unit, 4 credits, 6 periods/week, Lectures: 66, Exam.Time: 4 hours Section A 1. Introduction to Geophysics: Basic concepts of Geophysics and Geology, Technological challenge of Geophysics, Review of Geophysical prospecting methods, Use of Geophysics in hydrocarbon and mineral exploration. 2. Gravity Method: Gravitational field and potential, Newtonian potential, Logarithmic potential, Potential field equations- Laplaces and Poisson's equation, Derivatives of the potential, Instruments-Worden gravity meter, Lacoaste-Romberg gravity meter, Field procedures, Data collection and reduction, Isostasy, 3. Magnetic Method: Origin and elements of geomagnetic field, Magnetic potential, Poisson's relation, Secular and diurnal variations, Magnetic storms, Magnetism of rocks and minerals, Residual magnetism, Instruments-Proton precision magnetometer, Optically pumped magnetometer, Flux gate magnetometer, Squid magnetometer, Field procedures , Magnetic data collection and reduction. 4. Seismic Method: Elastic constants of rocks, Seismic wave equations, Different types of seismic wave, Propagation of seismic waves, Hygienes principles, Snell's law, Generation and detection of seismic waves, Geophones arrangements, Reflection and refraction principles in layered media, Field procedure, Data collection and reduction. Section B 5. Resistivity Method: Electrical properties of rocks and minerals, Conduction in water bearing formation, Elementary theory of resistivity method, Potential distribution in homogeneous media, Apparent resistivity, Current and potential distribution across a boundary, Instruments, Electrode arrangements, Field procedures and data collection, Electrical mapping and drilling. 6. Self-Potential Method: Different types of electric potential, Origin of self-potential, S.P. field equipment, Field procedures, Data collection and interpretation. 7. Induced Polarization Method: Induced polarization Effects, Membrane and electrode polarization, Time-domain and frequency-domain measurements, Metal factor, Instruments, Field Procedure, Data collection and interpretation.

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Syllabus for B. Sc. Engg. (APEE), RU, Session: 2010 2011

8. Electromagnetic Method: Principles of Electromagnetic survey, Electromagnetic field equations, Generation of Fields-primary and secondary, Amplitude and phase relations, Elliptic polarization, Instruments, Loop configurations, Types of EM field systems, Intensity measurement, Dip-angle measurement and Phase component measurement.

Books Recommended: Text Books: 1. W.M.Telford, L.P.Goldert, R.E.Sheriff & D.A. Keys 2. M.B. Dobrin Reference Books: 1. D.S. Parasnis 2. Society of Exploration Geophysicists 3.F.S. Grant & G.F. West

: Applied Geophysics : Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting

: The Principle of Applied Geophysics : Seismic Refraction Prospecting : Interpretation Theory in Applied Geophysics.

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