04/09/2013

Internet Architecture Evolution In the View of Smart Pipe

Luo Wen, ZTE Central R&D, 2013-08

Agenda

Understanding Smart Pipe Unified Network User ID Mobility Management Optimization Summary

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Operator, Main Provider of Internet Infrastructure

China Backbone Network International Peering (Mbps)

China IPV4 Address Allocation

Other 21% China Telecom 38%

Network
China Telecomm CUCC CMCC CSTNet CERNET CIETNET

International Peering Mbps

678898.45 399207 72869 19630 11655 2
CMCC 20%

CUCC 21%

Total

1182261.45

source: CNNIC 2011.07

Compared to Internet services, Operators have outstanding competitive advantage in pipe operation Operators have the ability to build the pipes better and provide better user experiences.

Operators Main Services Impacted by OTT Services

VoIP Impact on Operators Voice Service
Apple facetime

IM Impact on Operators SMS/MMS

KIK

WhatsApp

Operators Main Services (Voice/SMS/MMS) revenue are nibbled by OTT SP; Operators have their inner drives on Building Smart Pipe

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Understanding Smart Pipe Position

Direction
Network Capability Enhancement Increase the revenue

Smart Pipe should be based on the Service, which serves for improving user experiences Smart Pipe relying solely on awareness and control to increase revenue, can not achieve sustainable development

Network Optimization
Save the OPEX

Methodology of Smart Pipe Improving User Experience

End-userr network

application

content

Without affecting the advantage of Internet layered model and independent innovation between layers Introducing the Interaction among Networks, Applications, Contents and Users

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Agenda

Understanding Smart Pipe Unified Network User ID Mobility Management Optimization Summary

Compared Telephoning, Internet Surfing Complex

21 Account password per IT userHard to Remember <SourceNTA Monitor> and Complex Login 59.1% of users concern about Surfing convenience
Phones screen is small, difficult for different app login-in
<SourceIReacher>

2011 H1, 121 million Internet users in China has the experience of Account theft, Accounting for 24.9% of Chinese <SourceCNNIC,201107> Internet users

Too many Registration Personal Information Leak Account Theft Password Fogtten

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Unified User ID in Network layer

Can we build a capability at the internet network layer which makes network address become user ID?

With the Capability and Open the Capability, Operators can provide Surfing Convenience to User ,and Enhance User Experience with Single Sign-on and security features

Can IP Address be Served as User ID

IP Address of the Semantic Locator Property Description IP Address stand for the Segment Number The Host located in. Segment is divided according to physical location, which is the foundation of packet routing The Applications and Protocols based on the TCP/UDP are based on the IP Address. When IP Address is Changed, the Applications are interrupted and reconnection time is unpredicted Requirement When Access Network in Different Location, IP Address Must Be Changed IP Cannot Be Changed

ID Property

IP technologies are originated from fixed network. IP address has the overloading semantics of Locator and ID. IP cannot guarantee user communication with fixed IP address in different location.

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ID/Locator Split Architecture Makes IP Serve as User ID

Unified Mapping Plane Locator scope Core Network Access Network mobile node

CR ASN

CR

Generalized transit plane ASN

ID scope

mobile node

fixed node

Nomadic node

Split ID/Locator Property of IP Address

Part of IP used only as ID (give up their Locator Property), allocated to End-Host, and used as identifier for communication between hosts Part of IP used only as Locator (give up their ID property), used only for routing the packets in the network Unified Mapping Plane holds the mapping ID-Locator relations of End-Hosts Before the End-Host get its ID (in IP address form), strong authentication is made by the network

Unified User ID is Profitable for the Operators

The Statistic shows the Attractive Network ability openning is mostly associated with the user ID

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Agenda

Understanding Smart Pipe Unified Network User ID Mobility Management Optimization Summary

User ID Holds Unchanged Even Host Moves Across the Network

MN/CN
Payload SRC: ID DEST: ID

ASN

Signalling Traffic
Mapping Plane update ID-Locator Mapping of MN to ID@Locator

sASN

a
MN:ID1@LocatorS moving

b
tASN CR

ASNc

c
Allocate LocatorT MN:ID1@LocatorT

CN:ID3@Loca tor3

ASN
Payload SRC : ID DEST: ID SRC: Locator DEST: Locator

ASN

Mobile Node is not awared of the change of its Locator Both ID and Locator are in form of IP address

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Help for Reducing OPEX/CAPEX of Operators

ASN1
Port4 Port2
e.g. CDN

ASN2

ASN1 ASN2
e.g. CDN

Port2

Anchor

Port3 Port1

Port1
move from across ASNs

move from across ASNs

IP Address (202.1.2.3)

IP Address (202.1.2.3)

User ID (202.1.2.3)

User ID (202.1.2.3)

Traditional Mobility Management (e.g. MIP)

ID/Locator Split Based Mobility Management

ID/Locator Split Based Mobility Management optimizes the traffic, helps to reduce the bandwidth requirement of motropolitan area network and minimize the traffic delay optimizes the networking, helps to reduce network hierarchy and networking complexity help to reduce routing table size and reduce backbone router load

Save More OPEX/CAPEX with Flatter Network & Longer Service Duration
Moving activity model Moving Distance in Daily Life

Service Lasting Duration

probability m2

probability m3

Fitted Curve Based On Statistic and Experimental Simulation

Fitted Curve Based On Statistic and Experimental Simulation

Statistic from nanjing telecom Area

Blue Green Yello

probability m4

Coverage (km2)
4.33 8.67 86.7

Radius (km)
1.17 1.66 5.25

move to green area: > 5% move to yellow area: > 30% move out of yellow area: > 55%
Distance (km) On foot
56.41 4.50 0.43 0.36 0 0

duration, >50% of services last >10mins and >35% of services last > 30mins In LTE phase, more and more services will be always online.
Other
3.54 2.33 1.28 0.81

With the increasment of service lasting

Bike
29.08 30.04 14.21 13.03 5.10 1.23

Bus
3.05 30.51 42.20 39.37 30.37 21.43

Subway
0.02 0.81 3.96 8.51 12.21 15.32

Car
7.60 30.17 40.30 43.98 61.26 63.79

<2 2~5 5~8 8 ~ 10 10 ~ 20 > 20

25,00 20,00 15,00 10,00

Blue: covered by one sigle BAS Green: covered by different BASs, direct link deployed between them Yellow: covered by different BASs and no direct link All Mobile hosts are in blue, after a period of time part of them enter green area (p: m2) part of them enter yellow area (p: m3) part of them move out of yellow area (p: m4)

0.86 2.66

5,00 0,00

Statistic from paper: HUANG Shu-senSONG RuiTAO YuanBehavior of Urban Residents Travel Mode Choosing and Influencing Factors Taking Beijing as an Example COMMUNICATIONS STANDARDIZATION No.9 2008 (ISSUE. No.181)

Statistic generated from GuangDong Unicom CDR

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Up to Estimated 62% of Bandwidth and 49% Port Resource Can be Saved in the age of LTE/EPC
Backbone network
BR

AR2

CR

Metropolitan area network

AR1

BAS4 BAS3 BAS1

MN

BAS2 Assume that there is direct link within the same room

Resource Type

Cacl Model

Resoure Saved (service duration in real network)

Resoure Saved (service duration*2 )

Resoure Saved (service duration*4 )

Resoure Saved always online LTE/EPC

BAS Port AR Port CR Port BAS-AR Bandwidth AR-CR Bandwidth

m2+m3+m4 m3+2*m4 m4 2*(m3+m4) 2*m4

21.4795% 23.842% 5.7400% 36.204% 11.48%

22.82% 26.243% 6.6780% 39.13% 13.356%

23.548% 27.643% 7.3780% 40.53% 14.756%

32.4275% 49.7245% 18.5115% 62.426% 36.023%

Save more resource if there is no direct link between BARs

Agenda

Understanding Smart Pipe Unified Network user ID Mobility Management Optimization Summary

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Summary

Smart Pipe, put the internet network layer more intelligence Focus on enhancing the user experience and enhance the ability of the Internet network Awareness of the user, making the network has the ability of unified user ID Focus on Network Optimization and Reducing OPEX\CAPEX

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