Answer: Single-Pass Compiler A one-pass compiler is a compiler that passes through the source code of each compilation unit

t only once. A one-pass compiler does not "look back" at code it previously processed. It is also called narrow compiler. While one-pass compilers may be faster than multi-pass compilers. Unable to generate as efficient programs due to the limited scope available. !he ability to compile in a single pass is often seen as a benefit because it simplifies the "ob of writing a compiler and one pass compilers are generally faster than multipass compilers. #ascal$s compiler is an e%ample of singlepass compiler. Multi-pass Compiler A multi-pass compiler is a type of compiler that processes the source code of a program several times. &ach pass takes the result of the previous pass as the input and creates an intermediate output. It is sometimes called wide compiler. !he wider scope thus available to these compilers allows better code generation. 'ome languages cannot be compiled in a single pass as a result of their design. In this way the (intermediate) code is improved pass by pass until the final pass emits the final code. *++ compiler is multi-pass compiler.

,)-inker is a program that takes one or more ob"ects generated by a compiler and combines them into a single e%ecutable program. ,)-oader is the part of an operating system that is responsible for loading programs from e%ecutables (i.e. e%ecutable files) into memory preparing them for e%ecution and then e%ecuting them.

Basic differences between Compiler and Interpreter:

*ompiler translates the high level instruction into machine language but the interpreter translates the high level instruction into an intermediate code. !he compiler e%ecutes the entire program at a time but the interpreter e%ecutes each and every line individually. *ompiler reports the list of errors that are caused during the process of e%ecution but the interpreter .uits translating soon after finding an error the progression of the other lines of the program will be done after refining the error.

Autonomous e%ecutable file is generated by the compiler while interpreter is compulsory for an interpreter program.

Differences on the basis of Various characteristics:

In a compiler the analy/ing and processing time of the program is more while an interpreter spends less time for the program analy/ing and processing. !he resulting code of the compiler is in the form of machine code or binary format in case of interpreter the resulting code is in the form of the intermediate code. In case of compiler the resulting code is e%ecuted by the computer hardware in an interpreter0 another program interprets the resulting code. !he e%ecution of the program is fast in the compiler0 in an interpreter the program e%ecution speed is comparatively slow.

Differences on the basis of programming:

!he compiler will verify synta% of program whereas the interpreter verifies the keywords of a program. !he compiler will verify the entire program at a time but the interpreter verifies the program concurrently in the editor. !he e%ecution of the program in the interpreter is done line by line but the compiler e%ecutes the program on the whole.

- 'ee more at: http:11readanddigest.com1what-are-the-differences-between-compiler-andinterpreter1,sthash.r234e4/w.dpuf linker is a program that takes one or more ob"ects generated by a compiler and combines them into a single e%ecutable program. loader is the part of an operating system that is responsible for loading programs from e%ecutables (i.e. e%ecutable files) into memory preparing them for e%ecution and then e%ecuting them.