Generic shape

AXIAL TENSION Design tension resistance: Nt,Rd = 97.2 kN

Generic shape RESISTANCE OF CROSS-SECTION - AXIAL TENSION [5.2]

Increased yield strength, due to cold working: fya = 289.76 MPa [3.1.2] Gross area of the cross-section: Ag = 369 mm2 Design tension resistance: Nt,Rd = 97.18 kN WARNING: check the net-section resistance from 8.4 for the appropriate type of mechanical fastener

Generic shape RESISTANCE OF CROSS-SECTION - AXIAL COMPRESSION Yield strength: fyb = 280.00 MPa Effective area of the cross-section: Aeff = 252 mm2 Design compression resistance: Nc,Rd = 64.27 kN WARNING: the centroid of the effective section does not coincide to the centroid of the gross section (eNz=-12.1 mm; eNy= -4.7 mm). Check the section for bending and compression. EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVE CROSS-SECTION: Element 1 outstand element, supported at end 2 geometrical data: bP = 74.12 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 49.41 end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 254.55 MPa end 2 - sigma = 254.55 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 0.4300 lambdaP = 2.8947 lambdaP red = 2.8947 rho = 0.3192 beff = 23.66 mm Element 2 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 48.74 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 32.50 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 254.55 MPa end 2 - sigma = 254.55 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 4.0000 lambdaP = 0.6241 lambdaP red = 0.6241 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 3 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 22.49 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 15.00 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 254.55 MPa end 2 - sigma = 254.55 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 4.0000 lambdaP = 0.2880 lambdaP red = 0.2880 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 4 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 50.24 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 33.50 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 254.55 MPa end 2 - sigma = 254.55 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 4.0000 lambdaP = 0.6433 lambdaP red = 0.6433 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 5 outstand element, supported at end 1 geometrical data: bP = 49.87 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 33.25 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 254.55 MPa end 2 - sigma = 254.55 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 0.4300 lambdaP = 1.9476 lambdaP red = 1.9476 rho = 0.4554 beff = 22.71 mm [5.3]

Generic shape RESISTANCE OF CROSS-SECTION - BENDING MOMENT bending plane x-y; positive [5.4]

Increased yield strength, due to cold working: fya = 289.76 MPa [3.1.2] Gross elastic section modulus: Wel = 3.8522 e03 mm3 Design moment resistance: Mc,Rd = 1.01 kNm WARNING - check the effect of shear lag according to 5.4.3, when relevant EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVE CROSS-SECTION: Element 1 outstand element, supported at end 2 geometrical data: bP = 74.12 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 49.41 end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma =-254.55 MPa end 2 - sigma = 132.73 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 23.8000 lambdaP = 0.3891 lambdaP red = 0.2928 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 2 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 48.74 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 32.50 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 148.87 MPa end 2 - sigma = 148.87 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 4.0000 lambdaP = 0.6241 lambdaP red = 0.4773 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 3 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 22.49 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 15.00 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 132.73 MPa end 2 - sigma = 34.57 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 6.7735 lambdaP = 0.2213 lambdaP red = 0.1665 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 4 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 50.24 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 33.50 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 18.43 MPa end 2 - sigma = 18.43 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 4.0000 lambdaP = 0.6433 lambdaP red = 0.1731 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 5 outstand element, supported at end 1 geometrical data: bP = 49.87 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 33.25 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 2.29 MPa end 2 - sigma =-254.55 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 23.8000 lambdaP = 0.2618 lambdaP red = 0.0607 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective RESISTANCE OF CROSS-SECTION - BENDING MOMENT bending plane x-y; negative Yield strength: Effective section modulus: Design moment resistance: fyb = 280.00 MPa Weff = 9.2206 e02 mm3 Mc,Rd = -0.23 kNm [5.4]

WARNING - check the effect of shear lag according to 5.4.3, when relevant EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVE CROSS-SECTION: Element 1 outstand element, supported at end 2 geometrical data: bP = 74.12 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 49.41 end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 254.55 MPa end 2 - sigma = -63.39 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 0.6357 lambdaP = 2.3807 lambdaP red = 2.3807 rho = 0.3812 beff = 21.98 mm Element 2 doubly supported element the element is in tension, fully effective Element 3 doubly supported element

geometrical data: bP = 22.49 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 15.00 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = -63.39 MPa end 2 - sigma = 17.20 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 83.5013 lambdaP = 0.0630 lambdaP red = 0.0204 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 4 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 50.24 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 33.50 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 30.45 MPa end 2 - sigma = 30.45 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 4.0000 lambdaP = 0.6433 lambdaP red = 0.2225 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 5 outstand element, supported at end 1 geometrical data: bP = 49.87 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 33.25 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 43.70 MPa end 2 - sigma = 254.55 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 0.5430 lambdaP = 1.7333 lambdaP red = 1.7333 rho = 0.5037 beff = 25.12 mm

Generic shape RESISTANCE OF CROSS-SECTION - BENDING MOMENT bending plane x-z; positive Yield strength: Effective section modulus: Design moment resistance: fyb = 280.00 MPa Weff = 7.2307 e03 mm3 Mc,Rd = 1.84 kNm [5.4]

WARNING - check the effect of shear lag according to 5.4.3, when relevant EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVE CROSS-SECTION: Element 1 outstand element, supported at end 2 the element is in tension, fully effective Element 2 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 48.74 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 32.50 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma =-143.85 MPa end 2 - sigma = 32.99 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 95.6000 lambdaP = 0.1277 lambdaP red = 0.0515 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 3 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 22.49 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 15.00 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 44.91 MPa end 2 - sigma = 44.91 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 4.0000 lambdaP = 0.2880 lambdaP red = 0.1210 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 4 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 50.24 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 33.50 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 56.84 MPa end 2 - sigma = 239.64 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 6.5859 lambdaP = 0.5014 lambdaP red = 0.4950 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 5 outstand element, supported at end 1 geometrical data: bP = 49.87 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 33.25 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 251.56 MPa end 2 - sigma = 251.56 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 0.4300 lambdaP = 1.9476 lambdaP red = 1.9362 rho = 0.4593

beff = 22.91 mm RESISTANCE OF CROSS-SECTION - BENDING MOMENT bending plane x-z; negative Yield strength: Effective section modulus: Design moment resistance: fyb = 280.00 MPa Weff = 6.9153 e03 mm3 Mc,Rd = -1.76 kNm [5.4]

WARNING - check the effect of shear lag according to 5.4.3, when relevant EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVE CROSS-SECTION: Element 1 outstand element, supported at end 2 geometrical data: bP = 74.12 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 49.41 end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 251.29 MPa end 2 - sigma = 251.29 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 0.4300 lambdaP = 2.8947 lambdaP red = 2.8761 rho = 0.3225 beff = 23.91 mm Element 2 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 48.74 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 32.50 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 238.29 MPa end 2 - sigma = 45.38 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 6.8554 lambdaP = 0.4767 lambdaP red = 0.4701 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 3 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 22.49 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 15.00 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 32.37 MPa end 2 - sigma = 32.37 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 4.0000 lambdaP = 0.2880 lambdaP red = 0.1027 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 4 doubly supported element geometrical data: bP = 50.24 mm t = 1.50 mm bP/t = 33.50 end 1 - fr = 2.12 mm end 2 - fr = 2.12 mm axial stresses: end 1 - sigma = 19.36 MPa end 2 - sigma =-180.05 MPa coefficients: k sigma = 95.6000 lambdaP = 0.1316 lambdaP red = 0.0441 rho = 1.0000 the element is fully effective Element 5 outstand element, supported at end 1 the element is in tension, fully effective