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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION: WHY WE NEED CHEMICALS IN AGRICULTURE? TYPES OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS: HISTORY OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS: THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS: HOW WILL A NEW AGROCHEMICAL DO TO THE PEOPLE? COUNTRIES AND THEIR AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT: LIMITATIONS OF USING AGROCHEMICALS: CONCLUSION:
Introduction:
Agrochemicals contraction of agricultural chemical, is a generic term for the various chemical products used in agriculture. In most cases, agrichemical refers to the broad range of pesticides, including insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. It may also include synthetic fertilizers, hormones and other chemical growth agents, and concentrated stores of raw animal manure. Many agrichemicals are
toxic, and agrichemicals in bulk storage may pose significant environmental and/or health risks, particularly in the event of accidental spills. In many countries, use of agrichemicals is highly regulated. Government-issued permits for purchase and use of approved agrichemicals may be required. Significant penalties can result from misuse, including improper storage resulting in spillage. On farms, proper storage facilities and labeling, emergency clean-up equipment and procedures, and safety equipment and procedures for handling, application and disposal are often subject to mandatory standards and regulations. Usually, the regulations are carried out through the registration process.
Plants need nutrients in order to grow on a farm. Nutrients such as carbon, oxygen and hydrogen are always available to the plants. Unfortunately, nutrients that the plants also need such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can run out. To put more of these nutrients back into the soil many farmers will add fertilizers. Replacing these nutrients back into the soil with fertilizers can help the growth of the plant, which then increases the crop yield on the farm. Because insects make up 3/4 of all species on earth, they can be a big problem on a farm. Insects such as worms and beetles can infest a crop and destroy it. To keep this from happening many farmers will spray their crops with insecticides. Insectisides are strong chemicals that will kill the insects that will harm the crop without killing the actual crop. One of the biggest concerns for farmers is weed control . When weeds grow in farmland they can damage the crops and decrease the crop yeild of the farm. To get rid of the weeds without killing the crop many farmers spray their fields with herbicides. Herbicides are also made up of strong chemicals.
Insecticides Fungicides Insect-fungicides Herbicides Rodenticides Plant growth regulators Attractants Repellents
Agents for controlling harmful insect pests that damage field crops. Agents for controlling diseases that damage field crops. Agents that simultaneously control harmful insect pests and diseases that damage field crops. Agents for controlling weeds Agents for controlling rats and other rodents Agents to promote or inhibit the growth of field crops. Agents that attract mainly harmful insect pests by odor or other means. Agents for having repellent action on harmful mammals and birds that damage field crops. Agents that are mixed with other agricultural chemicals to enhance the adherence of these chemicals.
Spreaders
war. Hand weeding under the scorching sun is very hard labor.Postwar advances in technology saw the advent of chemically synthesized agricultural chemicals, which brought about an increase in crop yield and efficiency in farm work. A weeding time of 50 hours per 10 are in 1949 dropped to approximately 2 hours per 10 are in 1999, showing that herbicides had made the weeding work more efficient.
Raw Materials Chlorine, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, nitrogen, and bromine are most common. Inert ingredients can be many substances, dependent on the type of pesticide. Liquid pesticides have traditionally used kerosene or some other petroleum distillate as a carrier, though water has recently begun to replace kerosene. Emulsifiers (such as soap) are also added to distribute the active ingredient evenly throughout the solvent.
o Synthesizing the pesticide o Formulating the pesticide o Diluting the pesticide o Applying the pesticide Quality Control Pesticides are by their very nature toxic substances; hence, a great deal of concern has centered on safety.
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Thus agrochemicals plays a major role in agriculture industry. Though it has limitations it has enormous advantages so use of agrochemicals makes people work easier.