Graphical Method for Constructing Shear and Moments Diagrams

6-19 Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam. (p. 295)
30 kN/m 45 kN m

1. Determine the ground reactions:

RA = 41.25 kN; RB = 3.75 kN; 2. Draw F.B.D. 3. Plotting the shear and moment diagrams: V (x)
1.5 m

B
1.5 m 1.5 m

RA = 41.25 kN

RB = 3.75 kN

A
(41.25)

B
-3.75

45

M (x)
33.75 39.375

5.625 (45)

B x

Macaulays Notation
I M(x) A
x

(p.594) where M (x) = a/LP (L-x) (a < x < L) (0 < x < a) V (x) = (a < x < L)

x (0 < x < a)

Macaulays Notation: Distributed Loads

a is the location on the beam where a discontinuity occurs, namely where a distributed loading begins

A
a
w

I M(x)

M(x) = RA <x>1 w <x-a>2/2

When 0 < x < a,

x

RA
M

I RB I M(x)

When x > a,

M(x) = RA <x>1 = RA x M(x) = RA <x>1 w <x-a>2/2 = RA x w (x-a)2/2

M(x) = RA <x>1 M <x-a>0 When 0 < x < a, M(x) = RA <x>1 = RA x M(x) = RA <x>1 M <x-a>0 = RA x M When x > a,

RA
P

RB

I M(x)

M(x) = RA <x>1 P <x-a>1 When 0 < x < a, M(x) = RA <x>1 = RA x M(x) = RA <x>1 P <x-a>1 When x > a,

RA

RB

= RA x P <x-a>1

Macaulays Notation for Constructing Shear and Moments Diagrams

6-18 Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam, and determine the shear and moment throughout the beam as functions of x. (p. 276) 50 kN
30 kN/m

40 kN

1. Determine the ground reactions:

RA = 144 kN; MA = 458.6 kN m 2. Draw F.B.D. A
x 1.8 m

C
1.2 m

B
200 kN m

Macaulays Notation for Constructing Shear and Moments Diagrams

6-18 Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam, and determine the shear and moment throughout the beam as functions of x. (p. 276) I 50 kN

1. Determine the ground reactions:

RA = 144 kN; MA = 458.6 kN m 2. Draw F.B.D.

MA = 458.6 kN m

30 kN/m

40 kN

RA = 144 kN 1.8 m

B
200 kN m

1.2 m I M(x)

3. Plotting the shear and moment diagrams:

Macaulays Notation M(x) = 144 <x>1 458.6<x>0 (30 <x>2/2 30 <x-1.8>2/2) 50 <x-1.8> When 0 < x < 1.8 M(x) = 144 <x>1 458.6 <x>0 30 <x>2/2 = -15 x2 + 144 x 458.6 When x > 1.8

M (x)
-200 -248 -458.6

B x

M(x) = 144 <x>1 458.6 <x>0 (30 <x>2/2 30 <x-1.8>2/2) 50 <x-1.8> = 40 x 320 a is the location on the beam where a discontinuity occurs, namely where a distributed loading begins

Macaulays Notation for Constructing Shear and Moments Diagrams

6-20 Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam. (p. 295) I

1. Determine the ground reactions:

RA = 144 kN; MA = 458.6 kN m

MA = 458.6 kN m

30 kN/m

50 kN

40 kN

C
RA = 144 kN

B
200 kN m

2. Draw F.B.D. 3. Plotting the shear and moment diagrams:

Macaulays Notation

I M(x)

M(x) = 144 <x>1 458.6<x>0 (30 <x>2/2 30 <x-1.8>2/2) 50 <x-1.8> V (x)

144 90

V(x) = 144 When When

<x>0

(30

<x>1

30

<x-1.8>1)

50

<x-1.8>0

(50)

40

0 < x < 1.8

V(x) = 144 <x>0 30 <x>1 = 144 30 x x > 1.8

M (x)
200 248 550.4

V(x) = 144 <x>0 (30 <x>1 30 <x-1.8>1) 50 <x-1.8>0 = 162 72 50 = 40

Pure Bending

Transverse planes before bending remain transverse after bending, no warping. Beam material is homogeneous and isotropic and obeys Hook's law with E the same in tension or compression There must be a plane where the normal stresses and strains are ZERO. We call this plane the Neutral Plane (N.P.) or Neutral Axis (N.A.).

Bending Strain & Stress

Bending Stress: Flexure Formula

Moment Equilibrium

(Moment of Inertia)

or

Engineer's Theory of Bending (E.T.B)

Bending vs. Torsion

geometrical compatibility conditions

N.A.

Moment Equilibrium

(Moment of Inertia)

(Polar Moment of Inertia)

Engineer's Theory of Bending (ETB)

Engineer's Theory of Torsion (ETT)