Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
2
Role of Education and Technology Transfer
3
Who is Involved?
• Owners / Users
• Consultants
• Contractors
• Manufacturers
• Suppliers
• Associations
• Academia
– Education
– Research
– Specialized centers
4
Transportability of Innovation –
Tunneling / Underground Construction
5
Triggers for Innovation
• Strong need
• Financial incentive (high costs for current
technique)
• Strong and stable market
• Suitable site and project conditions during
early development
6
Triggers for Innovation
Automation - Japan
7
Triggers for Innovation - France
Japan
Germany
9
Underground Pedestrian Networks
Montreal Toronto
10
Transportabilitiy of Innovation –
Trenchless Technology
China
12
Highway Tunnel in Shanghai
13
Barriers to the Widespread and Continued
Adoption of Underground Technologies
16
Acceleration of Learning Cycles
17
Relations Between Education,
Research and Practice in U.S.
18
Utility Location
• Single multi-sensor system for
all utilities
• Does not require prior
knowledge of approximate
location or access to utility
• Can operate in urban conditions
• Covers necessary range of
depths and utility diameters
• Has acceptable cost
19
See Ahead Technology
Tumay, LSU 20
Sensor and Data Technologies
antenna
select power
switch convert
signal transducer
modulator
2 mm
• Low-cost
• Miniature and
embeddable
Wireless Sensor Chip
(concept) • No power supply
required 21
Alternative Means of Encouraging Innovation
22
Economic Incentive for
Technology Development
23
Pace of Development Affected by:
24
Examples of Technology Boosts
25
Underground Construction Innovation in Japan
• Adoption of
innovation from
abroad
• Strong markets
• High levels of research
funding
• Geological conditions
• Labor availability
• Distribution of R&D
26
Fitting Underground Construction
Into University Curricula
• University student
preparation
• Reduction in credit
hours for B.S. degree
• Expectations for new
technical skills and
knowledge
• Specialization versus
breadth
27
Formal Distance Short
Workshops Research Modules
& Informal Distance
Learning Courses
Mechanisms
Mechanisms Workshops Research Modules
Learning
StudentStudent Educate
Educate Knowledge
Knowledge Practical
Pipeline
Pipeline
“New”
“New”
Transfer Transfer
Skills
Engineers
Engineers
Outcomes
Outcomes
Technology
Technology
Research
Research Design
Awareness
TransferTransfer Training
Training Skills
28
Trenchless Technology Center
• A university-industry-government
partnership to pool resources
– make the best use of limited funds
– target research on major and urgent
problems
– create effective technology transfer
• Based at Louisiana Tech University
• Initiated in 1989 and formalized in 1992
29
Technology Transfer
NW Forum
Tunnel Technology
Masters Program -
Politecnico di Torino
Denver Forum
30
Trenchless Technology
Municipal Users’ Forum
31
Regional Municipal Forums
32
Accelerated Testing of Pipe Liners
1.400
FLOW (mgd)
Phase 3 - Total flow
Phase 3 - I/I
0.800
0.600
0.400
0.200
HOUR
6000
5000
4000
LOAD (lbf)
y = 2.73x + 1118
3000 R2 = 0.50, σx = 283
+σx boundary
2000
1000
-σx boundary REGRESSION TRENDLINE
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
LENGTH OF PIPE IN BORE (ft)
TOTAL LOAD IN-BORE RESISTANCE
6 .10
4
60000
5.38 .10
4
4.75 .10
4
4.13 .10
4
x
3.5 .10
4
stress
2.88 .10
4
2.25 .10
4
1.63 .10
4
1 .10
10000 4
3.75 .10 7.5 .10 1.13 .10 1.5 .10 1.88 .10 2.25 .10 2.63 .10 3 .10
5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6
0
0 y ( x) , life 3000000
36
Technology Transfer: Method Selection
37
Technology Push vs Pull
38
Netherland’s Program Results
40
Role of International Societies
42
International Trenchless Technology
Research Colloquium
43
Summary
44
Concluding Remarks
46