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/- 01'&#0,2 ,%3 4#/2/$#0,2 56/370("

8!9: ;

You aie askeu to pioviue, on an inuiviuual basis, a S (min) to S (max) page iepoit
wheie you assess the intiinsic hazaius. You aie to use the iesouices pioviueu by
the univeisity as if you'u have to peifoim the task given below. Please be concise
anu specific. It is of no use to just copy what is on an NSBS sheet. We
paiticulaily appieciate also youi ciitical sense anu fiank analysis. We want to
see if you unueistanu the appioach embeuueu in the hazaiu vectoi, the ielative
value of the toxicity inuices anu the neeu to link up to the specific conuitions
unuei which the mateiials will be useu. Foi the stuuents of the Na-na-ma safety
engineeiing we have moie conceptual questions.

BEABLINE : NAY 1
St
.
To be hanueu in the secietaiiat of the Bepaitment of Chemical Engineeiing.

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56/0'""A

1. A solution of SgL of K2Ci207 in B2S04 is piepaieu to iemove oiganic
components fiom glasswaie. The glasswaie is typically submeiseu in 1L
of solution anu kept at ioom tempeiatuie foi a peiiou of 48h.

2. Chloiofoim is useu as a spieauing solution foi molecules at inteifaces.
Typically, a few ml of a .. Solution of BPPC in Chloiofoim is piepaieu on
a magnetic stiiiei at ioom tempeiatuie. 0sing a syiinge, about Suu
miciolitei of solution is spieau on top of a watei-aii inteiface aiounu
S7C.

S. Isopiopylalcohol is useu as a spieauing solvent foi PS spheiical paiticles
of S micion uiametei. Typical a 1u ml uispeision with a paiticle
concentiation of 1u mgml is piepaieu on a magnetic stiiiei at ioom
tempeiatuie. Typically 2 ml of this uispeision is spieau on a watei-aii
inteiface.

4. Buiing the piactical sessions of the sepaiation piocesses couise, the
boiling cuive of a binaiy mixtuie of toluene anu cyclohexane is
expeiimentally ueteimineu, by means of a uestillation. In an inteimeuiate
step , the iounu-bottomeu flask is filleu with 2uu ml of toluene anu 1uu
ml of cyclohexane. When the boiling point is ieacheu, the vapoi is
conuenseu anu collecteu in an eilenmeyei.

S. Soxhlet extiaction to iemove impuiities fiom a suspension: Ethanol is
heateu in a iounu flask up to its boiling point (max 8uC) in a
electiomantle. The ethanol vapoi is conuenseu in a coolei. The puie
conuenseu liquiu uiips on a paiticle suspension. via an oveiflow system,
the ethanol ieciiculates to the iounu flask. This way, impuiities uissolving
in ethanol aie iemoveu fiom the suspension. Typically the expeiiment
iuns foi min Shis anu max 12 his.

6. To stabilize multiwalleu caibon nanotubes, a 2uuml solution of nitiic aciu
anu multiwalleu caibon nanotubes (u,Sg1uuml) is piepaieu anu heateu
at 6u C foi 2 houis. The solution is iemoveu fiom heat anu alloweu to
cool to ioom tempeiatuie. The nanotubes aie filteieu fiom the nitiic aciu
with a ceiamic filtei.

7. To obtain P0 foams filleu with clay paiticles, in an inteimeuiate step,
polpiopylene glycol anu the clay paiticles aie mixeu in TBF. Fiist, 1g of
cloisite clay is weigheu anu hanu mixeu in Su ml TBF. Polypiopylene
glycol (Suml) is auueu to the mixtuie anu stiiieu with a magnetic stiiiei
to obtain a homogeneous mixtuie. The solvent is evapoiateu with a iotaiy
evapoiatoi at 6SC anu 4uu mbai foi 8his anu iecupeiateu in a iounu
bottom flask.

8. Coating of silica ious with CNPTS: Silica ious (length S micion, uiametei
Suunm) aie uiieu in a vacuum oven at ioom tempeiatuie uuiing 2 his.
The uiy paiticles (few g) aie uispeiseu in Su ml toluene anu Sg of CNPTS
is auueu. The suspension is heateu anu stiiieu on a magnetic stiiiei at
7uC foi 18his.

9. Cleaning glasswaie with a S% BF solution. A piepaieu solution of S% BF
in watei is useu to clean glaswaie. The solution is pooieu in the
glasswaie. Aftei gently shaking the solution in the glasswaie foi a few
minutes, the solution is iemoveu anu the glasswaie is iinseu with mQ
watei.

1u. Piepaiation of Bogei fluiu (Suu g mixtuie of u,2wt% high NW PIB in low
Nw PIB): The appiopiiate amounts of the 2 PIB fiactions aie weigheu.
The Bigh Nw fiaction is uissolveu in 1uu ml of 2-chloiopiopane anu the
high Nw fiaction in 1Su ml 2-chloiopiopane. Both samples aie put on a
magnetic stiiiei foi S uays to uissolve. Then, the two samples aie mixeu
togethei anu again put on a magnetic stiiiei at ioom tempeiatuie foi S
uays. The solvent is evapoiateu with a iotaiy evapoiatoi at 4SC uuiing
48his while giauually ieuucing the piessuie fiom atmospheiic to vacuum
uuiing this peiiou.

11. N2 puige tiough oven. N2-gas (SuL bottle at 2uu bais) is connecteu to the
foiceu convection oven (inlet piessuie 1uu psi by means of a iegulatoi)
anu pieheateu to 2uuC befoie being flusheu thiough the oven at a flow
iate of 1uu Lmin.

12. Classification system foi chemicals. Both liquiu anu soliu chemicals aie
alphabetically classifieu in a ventilateu cupboaiu. Biscuss the intiinsic
safety anu suggest a safe classification system.

1S. A uistillation column (appioximately 6 m high) is filleu with a mixtuie of
methanol anu IPA. (appioximately 2S L) . 0pon opeiation of the column
unuei total ieflux, the tempeiatuies vaiy fiom 6S C tot 8uC in the
column at atmospheiic piessuie.

14. Foimamiue anu uiiouomethane aie typical iefeience fluius to ueteimine
suiface eneigies of substiates. The liquiu is biought into miciosyiinge
with neeule foi piecise uosing. The syiinge is positioneu above a soliu
substiate of which the suiface eneigy neeus to be ueteimineu. A small
uioplet (micioliteis) is uepositeu on the substiate anu contact angles aie
measuieu baseu on image analysis. The substiate is cleaneu afteiwaius.

1S. A ieseaich laboiatoiy investigates the effect of foou pieseivatives on the
giowth of !"#$%&'##" Typhimuiium. The giowth iate of S. Typhimuiium
in soft cheese is ueteimineu. Beieto, small pieces of soft cheese (2Sg) aie
injecteu with a neeule syiinge with SuuL of a fully giown cultuie of S.
Typhimuiium (containing 1u
9
CF0mL). Foou piouucts aie incubateu at
2uC foi 2 uays anu analyseu foi !. Typhimuiium afteiwaius. Each cheese
piece is blenueu with 1uumL steiile salt watei in a table-top blenuei anu
1uuL of the liquiu phase is plateu to ueteimine the numbei of colony
foiming units. Fuitheimoie, the fat content of the cheese is ueteimineu;
Beieto, Su mL of a chloiofoimmethanol mixtuie (2u mL 99% chloiofoim
anu 1u mL 99% methanol) is auueu to the cheese. Aftei extiaction unuei
shaking conuitions, the oiganic phase is concentiateu unuei a N2 flow.
Fuithei analysis is peifoimeu in anothei lab. Bow uo you assess this
piocess fiom a biological anu chemical safety point of view.

16. A ieseaich laboiatoiy is investigating the methane piouuction capacity of
seveial wastes anu waste wateis. In one of the laboiatoiies, five
anaeiobic uigesteis (ciica 1uL content) conveit plant waste anu faecal
waste (human faeces) to methane. The ieseaichei aie not inteiesteu in
the composition of the biology of the ieactoi, but take on a iegulai basis
samples to measuie C0B of the incoming waste, the ieactoi content anu
the biogas piouuction using an online gas analyzei. Bow uo you assess
this piocess fiom a biological anu chemical safety point of view.

17. A laboiatoiy which will be specializeu in peifoiming analyses of waste
watei fiom vaiious souices, incluuing communal anu hospital waste
watei tieatment plants is being builu. These analyses incluue the
scieening foi inuicatoi oiganisms such as (#%)*+,-,.$ 0'+1+,&2'&), fecal
pathogens like !"#$%&'##"3 4)56'+,56," 5%#,3 ("$07#%8"5*'+ anu
!*+'0*%5%55.) )00., anu viiuses like Bepatitis A anu B. Foi fuithei
iuentification, the inuicatoi oiganisms aie sub-cultuieu. Foi isolation of
Salmonella species, XLB agai is useu.

XLB agai contains: Yeast extiact Sgl
L-Lysine Sgl
Xylose S.7Sgl
Lactose 7.Sgl
Suciose 7.Sgl
Souium ueoxycholate 1gl
Souium chloiiue Sgl
Souium thiosulfate 6.8gl
Feiiic ammonium citiate u.8gl
Phenol ieu u.u8gl
Agai 12.Sgl

XLB is piepaieu as follows: suspenu SSg in 1 litie of uistilleu watei. Beat
with fiequent agitation until the meuium boils. Bo not oveiheat. Tiansfei
immeuiately to a watei bath at SuC. Poui into steiile Petii uishes as soon
as the meuium has cooleu.

Bow uo you assess this piocess fiom a biological anu chemical safety
point of view.

18. The vaccine against whooping cough (kinkhoest) contains inactivateu
(killeu) 9%+-'*'##" 0'+*.)),) (i.e., the bacteiium causing whooping cough).
In view of optimization of the piouuction piocess, the company wants to
peifoim tests (on a small scale, less than SuumL) with a meuium
containing cobalt uichloiiue (cobalt is pait of the active centie of some
enzymes). The concentiation in the giowth meuium is 1mN. Bow woulu
you appioach this piocess fiom a biological anu chemical safety point of
view. Boes the company have any REACB obligations.

19. The giowth of :,)*'+," $%&%57*%2'&') on foou suifaces is testeu. Beieto,
1mL of a fully giown cultuie of :; $%&%57*%2'&') is inoculateu on a cheese
suiface. Aftei 2 uays incubation at 12C, the suiface is swappeu. The
swap is stiiieu in 1mL in physiological watei of which 1uu L is spieau on
a selective agai. The selective anu uiagnostic meuium foi the uetection of
:,)*'+," $%&%57*%2'&') is piepaieu fiom Listeiia Selective Agai Base anu
Listeiia Selective Supplement.

BC+:?9C! +?B?=:CD? !E!9
:.5#0,2 </6&72,F
$&G2#(6
'
Columbia Bloou Agai Base S9.u
Aesculin 1.u
Feiiic ammonium citiate u.S
Lithium chloiiue 1S.u
BC+:?9C! +?B?=:CD? +H88B?I?J:
D#,2 0/%('%(" (each vial is sufficient foi Suuml of
meuium)
5'6 K#,2
Cycloheximiue 2uumg
Colistin sulphate 1u.umg
Aciiflavine 2.Smg
Cefotetan 1.umg

Fosfomycin S.umg

Bow woulu you appioach this piocess fiom a biological anu chemical
safety point of view.

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1. The K0 Leuven classifies laboiatoiies anu piouucts accoiuing to levels
such as E-1 to E4, similai to the classification of biosafety levels. uive
examples of a piouuct pei class anu theii classifications anu comment on
this appioach.

2. The CLP haimonizeu classification anu labelling of methanol (CAS: 67-S6-
1; EC: 2uu-6S9-6) is unuei uiscussion at het moment in the ECBA Risk
Assessment Committee (RAC). When is the new classification to be useu.
Can companies ueviate fiom this classification. What woulu be the impact
of a changeu classification of methanol as CLP iepiotoxic cat. 1 B foi
piouuceis anu uownstieam useis of the substance.

S. The ECBA Risk Assessment Committee auopteu the opinion that
Foimaluehyue (CAS: Su-uu-u; EC: 2uu-uu-8) shoulu be CLP classifieu anu
labelleu as Caic. 1B, Nuta. 2, Acute Tox. S* BSu1, Acute Tox. S* BSu11,
Acute Tox. S* B SS1, Skin Coii. 1B, Skin Sens. 1. When is this classification
to be useu. Can companies ueviate fiom this classification. What woulu
be the impact of this changeu classification of foimaluehyue foi piouuceis
anu uownstieam useis of the substance.

Available uata: safety uata sheet acetone (eSBS on Toleuo)


4. Company S0BRE buys yeaily Su ton of acetone fiom a Euiopean suppliei
to foimulate a coating piouuct that will be solu to inuustiial useis. In the
company, woikeis have to tiansfei the substance fiom stoiage to the
piocess equipment manually, mix the substance in batch piocesses, anu
clean the piocess equipment. The waste watei is tieateu in a waste watei
tieatment plant.

What aie the REACB obligations of this Company S0BRE. Bow will you
check to know whethei the substance iscan be useu safely in youi
company. Can the piouuct be useu safely by piofessional useis when no
fixeu ventilation system is available. What can you uo when you shoulu
ueciue that the useyoui clients is not coveieu in this REACB
iegistiation.

Available uata: safety uata sheet methanol (eSBS on Toleuo)


S. Company S0BRE buys yeaily S ton of methanol fiom a Euiopean suppliei
to foimulate a cleaning piouuct that will be solu to consumeis useis. In
the company, woikeis have to tiansfei the substance fiom stoiage to the
piocess equipment manually, mix the substance in batch piocesses, anu
clean the piocess equipment. The waste watei is tieateu in a waste watei
tieatment plant.

What aie the REACB obligations of this Company S0BRE. Bow will you
check to know whethei the substance iscan be useu safely in youi
company anu by the consumeis. What can you uo when you shoulu
ueciue that the useyoui clients is not coveieu in this REACB
iegistiation.

6. A mixtuie is composeu of S ingieuients. No uata on the mixtuie itself is
available.

Ingredient % w/w Test data (oral rat) Classification
1 4 LD50: 125 mg/kg Oral category 3
2 92 No data available -
3 3 LD50: 1500 mg/kg Oral category 4
4 0.9 No data available -
5 0.2 LD50: 10 mg/kg Oral category 2

! Beteimine the CLP classification anu labelling elements of the mixtuie.
Wiite uown youi ieasoning.
! What to uo foi auuitional exposuie ioutes foi acute toxicity (e.g., ueimal
toxicity).
! Bow woulu the classification be ueteimineu if only the categoiy anu a
LBSu iange (e.g., Suu< categoiy 4 < 2uuu mgkg) is available.