Chapter 1: Database Systems

TRUE/FALSE 1. Data and information are

essentially the same thing.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 5
2. Data pro essing an !e as simple as organi"ing data to re#eal patterns. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: $
%. &e are no' said to !e entering the ()no'ledge age.* ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: $
+. ,nformation implies familiarity- a'areness- and .nderstanding )no'ledge as it applies to an en#ironment.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: $
5. Data onstit.te the !.ilding !lo )s of information. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: /
$. 0etadata present a more omplete pi t.re of the data in the data!ase than the data itself. ANS: T PTS: 1
REF: /
/. The only 'ay to a ess the data in a data!ase is thro.gh the D10S. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: /
2. Data!ase programming lang.ages re ei#e all appli ation re3.ests and translate them into the omple4
operations re3.ired to f.lfill those re3.ests. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: /
5. The D10S re#eals m. h of the data!ase6s internal omple4ity to the appli ation programs and .sers.
ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: /
17. 8ne disad#antage of the D10S is that it in reases the ris) of data se .rity !rea hes. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF:
2
11. An operational data!ase is sometimes referred to as an enterprise data!ase. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 5
12. A data 'areho.se an store data deri#ed from many so.r es.
. ANS: F MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A .ral dependen e e4ists 'hen it is possi!le to ma)e hanges in the file
str.se only str. a data management )no'ledge .nstr. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 17 1+. t.sed to re#eal the
meaning of data.a man..s data management approa hes is that the data!ase system is onsidera!ly less
omple4. A 3. . ! <no'ledge . 8ne ad#antage of a data!ase system o#er pre#io. is . t. 9orporations .nitially
the files 'ithin a omp.and timely information is the )ey to .age.s data management approa hes is in reased
osts. Str. . d .t affe ting the appli ation program6s a!ility to a ess the data.sly str. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 1%
1$. t..nformation PTS: 1 REF: 2$ ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: / 2.rate. Formatting .. .red and . The same data
might !e sim. a Ra' fa ts . t.ery lang. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 17 15.age is a pro ed.re 'itho.. t. :istori ally. ANS:
F PTS: 1 REF: 12 12.ter file system 'ere similar to man.al file system 'as omposed of a system of file
folders and filing a!inets.rele#ant. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 2$ 27.red data. . 8ne disad#antage of a data!ase
system o#er pre#io. ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 1+ 1/..ral lang.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 17 1%..ltaneo..al files. ANS:
F PTS: 1 REF: 25 15.red depending on the intended pro essing.
! ra' fa ts of interest to the end>. pro#ide?s@ a des ription of the data hara teristi s and the set of
relationships that lin) the data fo..ser and the data!ase.e pairs . ser#e?s@ as the intermediary !et'een the .
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: / /. a ra' fa ts a!o. a Data <no'ledge . ! metadata d programming lang. t.. .. ANS: 9
PTS: 1 REF: $ +. ..eries 0etadata . a A.. is the !ody of information and fa ts a!o. The data!ase str.ser data
.ser data is . ! olle tion of files d olle tion of 3.nderstanding ANS: 1 PTS: 1 REF: / %. .ser data d .! good de
ision ma)ing . . ..rate.t a spe ifi s. ANS: 1 PTS: 1 REF: / 5.!=e t..re in a D10S is stored as a . a D10S
end>.. ANS: 9 PTS: 1 REF: / $. . The . .nd 'ithin the data!ase.t the end>.eries . d a . data a!o. ...
.nformation d A data!ase .age . a file set of )eyB#al. . End>.... . ! End>.ser .. ! .t data ...ser . ..rele#ant and
timely information . d .nformation .
gh a D10S . ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: / 5. e4ists 'hen different #ersions of the same data appear in different
pla es. . ! ad ho response d integrated #ie' of the data ..lt set .. A?n@ . .p d transa tional .pports a
relati#ely small n.tility program.p d transa tional .s.pport a ompany6s day>to>day operations.pports many
. ! operating system d appli ation program . .. ! Data onsisten y d . data!ase is designed to s.m!er of .ery is
the .. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 2 17.ery 3. ..mpro#ed de ision ma)ing ..ery res.sers ?. . ANS: 9 PTS: 1 REF: 5
1%..sed !y an organi"ation and s.. A?n@ .... a des)top enterprise . data!ase is . ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 5
12.ery data!ase management system . a 3. a des)top enterprise .. . . a Data in onsisten y 1etter data
integration . a des)top enterprise .ally fe'er than 57@ or a spe ifi department 'ithin an organi"ation.... .ANS:
1 PTS: 1 REF: / 2..sers a ross many departments. ANS: 9 PTS: 1 REF: 2 11. a ad ho 3. ! 'or)gro. ! 'or)gro.
.. might !e 'ritten !y a programmer or it might !e reated thro. data!ase s. The response of the D10S to a 3..
. A?n@ .. . A?n@ .
. ! m... ANS: 1 PTS: 1 REF: 5 'or)gro. a data 'areho.re is 3. ! m. 0ost de ision>s..lti. t.ted ..ite different from
that of an operational or transa tional data!ase..ser . .pport data are !ased on histori al data o!tained from
.p data!ase is a?n@. ! data 'areho. ! 'or)gro. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 17 12. str.ted a ross se#eral different
sites. data!ase. The . . ! m. .ser entrali"ed . A . ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 5 1/..ted 15... d .. a single>.ted 1$. .
transa tional ANS: 1 PTS: 1 REF: 5 1+.. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 5 enterprise ...lti. distri!.. . . A des)top
data!ase is a .ser .ser . a single>. distri!. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 17 .ser d distri!.pports data distri!.ses d
'or)gro.ted data!ase . A 'or)gro. data!ase.p data!ases . a single>..se enterprise data!ase .p . .lti.. data!ase
s. a operational data!ases enterprise data!ases . d .p data!ase d distri!.. ! 'or)gro. d .p .ser .
lt of formatting to fa ilitate storage. . . t. &hi h of the follo'ing is an e4ample of str.red . a str. t. . .... .red .
data e4ist in the format in 'hi h they 'ere olle ted. d . PTS: 1 REF: 17 .ltistr. t. ANS: 1 PTS: 1 REF: 17 2%.
t..red Cnstr.red . t. semistr. .. t. a Str. ! semistr.. a str. t. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 17 22.red .nter is !est
lassified as . t.nstr.. t.red . a Str..red d :istori al . ! Semistr. . ... .red d :istori al .red Cnstr. t. ! m. data e4ist
in a format that does not lend itself to pro essing that yields information. E0F data is . t.se and generation
of information. .. .red Cnstr.nstr. t.red d histori al .red d :istori al .. ANS: 9 PTS: 1 REF: 17 21. t.red . . t.. .
ANS: D 2+. en o.red . ANS: 9 PTS: 1 REF: 17 27.15. t..red . ! Semistr. t... 0ost data yo. t... a Str.red . ! An
e>mail d A spreadsheet . ! Semistr.red dataD a A &e! page A memo . data are the res.
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 21 %7. ....mn d file .. .pla e.ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 17 25. ...management and . .al file
system 'as determined !y . refers to an organi"ation of omponents that define and reg. ANS: 9 PTS: 1
REF: 1+ ol.ments in the folder ..late the olle tionstorage. .ning A. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 1+ 22. A . is a logi
ally onne ted set of one or more fields that des ri!es a person. .. a the date of reation the title of the do .
file 2/. A . The organi"ation of the data 'ithin the folders in a man.. a Performan e t.. ! data!ase
management d data!ase system .. ! its e4pe ted . ANS: 1 PTS: 1 REF: 1+ 25. A . is a hara ter or gro. . ...
The phrase . a data!ase . . .se d the data pro essing spe ialist .... ANS: 1 PTS: 1 REF: 1% 2$. a data!ase
re ord ..ery a ess . is a olle tion of related re ords. ! ol. a data!ase re ord .p of hara ters that has a spe ifi
meaning. a data!ase management system management system ..mn ..se of data 'ithin a data!ase
en#ironment. relates to the a ti#ities that ma)e the data!ase perform more effi iently in terms of storage
and a ess speed. .or thing. ! field d file . d . ! field .
...............ires ... Ra' data m..information re3........... d .. Data ...ses on proper generation..... .........ser data
are integrated and managed.lt of pro essing ra' data to re#eal its meaning.......... t......... ANS: 0etadata
PTS: 1 REF: / $......... A?n@ ...st !e properly ...pro essing and presentation. is a olle tion of programs that
manages the data!ase str.. ANS: D10S ?data!ase management system@ data!ase management system
?D10S@ data!ase management system D10S PTS: 1 REF: / /........ ANS: management PTS: 1 REF: /
5...gh 'hi h the end>........ is a dis ipline that fo ..! Data!ase design ....nformation PTS: 1 REF: $ 2.... for
storage........... is the res..........t data thro. is data a!o.... ANS: onte4t REF: $ PTS: 1 %..ed to the D10S for
data manip....... A?n@ ...re and ontrols a ess to the data stored in the data!ase..... is a spe ifi re3.. ANS:
formatted PTS: 1 REF: $ +... To re#eal meaning......... ..lation... ANS: ... Data!ase management ANS: A
COMPLETION PTS: 1 REF: 2+ 1.. ..est iss.storage and retrie#al of data.
........ e4ists 'hen different and onfli ting #ersions of the same data appear in different pla es....ANS:
3..........ter>!ased system that 'o...t affe ting the appli ation program6s a!ility to a ess the data..........sed to
generate information re3. e4ists 'hen it is possi!le to ma)e hanges in the data storage hara teristi s 'itho....
The term ....age@ E4tensi!le 0ar)...ery PTS: 1 REF: 2 2...p Fang...............ired reports....ld tra ) data and
prod...s primarily on storing data . ANS: Analyti al PTS: 1 REF: 5 5.......ter file systems.age ?E0F@
E4tensi!le 0ar)......age E0F PTS: 1 REF: 17 17.............. .... ANS: data pro essing ?DP@ spe ialist data
pro essing spe ialist DP spe ialist PTS: 1 REF: 1+ 11....sed to represent and manip.. . ... e re3.. is a spe
ial lang. ANS: E0F ?E4tensi!le 0ar).....n early omp. refers to s attered lo ations storing the same !asi
data..a?n@ ........... ANS: islands of information PTS: 1 REF: 12 1%.p Fang................. 'as hired to reate a
omp....late data elements in a te4t....al format.....ired to ma)e ta ti al or strategi de isions..p Fang..
data!ases fo ....... . ANS: Data independen e PTS: 1 REF: 12 12..age .... ANS: Data in onsisten y PTS: 1
REF: 12 ....
.nne essarily at different pla es. For e4ample....e and .ted. ANS: data anomaly anomaly PTS: 1 ESSAY 1.
Designing a data!ase to !e ..se.the D10S integrates the many different . h as the name of ea h data
element.ser6s appli ations and the data!ase offers some important ad#antages.. de#elops 'hen all re3.the
metadata omponent stores information s..ss some onsiderations 'hen designing a data!ase... ANS: Proper
data!ase design re3.n short. Designing a transa tional data!ase emphasi"es a .... . might hear a data!ase
des ri!ed as a ( olle tion of self>des ri!ing data..sed in the design of a distri!. Des ri!e 'hat metadata are
and 'hat #al..... The metadata pro#ide information that omplements and e4pands the #al.... ANS: The
metadata des ri!e the data hara teristi s and the set of relationships that lin)s the data fo.the D10S ena!les
the data in the data!ase to !e shared among m. A?n@ .the type of #al.metadata present a more omplete
pi t..single>.se of histori al and aggregated data.* PTS: 1 REF: / REF: 15 2. &hat are the ad#antages of
ha#ing the D10S !et'een the end .se data!ase emphasi"es the . Dis .sers..lti. Gi#en the hara teristi s of
metadata..es ?n..meri ....e they pro#ide to the data!ase system.m. PTS: 1 REF: / %. . Designing a data
'areho..ser data!ase.ndant data are not made s. e4ists 'hen the same data are stored ...re of the data in
the data!ase.ndan y PTS: 1 REF: 12 15.. Se ond.lly.rate and onsistent data and operational speed.nd
'ithin the data!ase..or te4t@ stored on ea h data element.ires a different approa h from that .ires the
designer to identify pre isely the data!ase6s e4pe ted .. essf.yo..ired hanges in the red.ser6s appli ations
and the data!aseD ANS: :a#ing a D10S !et'een the end .1+.ltiple appli ations or .se of the data.and 'hether
the data element an !e left empty. First.ser en#ironment re3. ANS: Data red.dates. ..sers6 #ie's of the
data into a single all> en ompassing data repository....sed in a entrali"ed.
'hy organi"ations of all types and si"es send personnel to data!ase design seminars.sef. The integrated
data m.res fo.lly onsidered and implemented so the integrated #ie' of the data an !e re> reated later as
information for the end . End .ser.and pro ed. e a . That6s 'hy ollege st.sers employ the information
o!tained from the data!ase to ma)e ta ti al and strategi !.managers.rate and #al.es they ha#e repla
ed.manage the D10S and ens.sing the t'o>dimensional ta!le str.n tioning properly.st !e de omposed
properly into its onstit.per#isors.a!le information.s. For e4ample.late the data!ase6s data.the relationships
!et'een these ta!les m.r esthe data!ase designer6s =o! des ription has e4panded to o#er ne' dimensions
and gro'ing responsi!ilities.re of an organi"ation.f the data!ase design is poor.re that the data!ase is f.dying
file systemsD ANS: A !rief e4planation of the e#ol. System analysts and programmers design and
implement the appli ation programs.nderstand these pro!lems and ho' to a#oid themI other'ise. They
are.res thro. PTS: 1 REF: 1% 5.Designing appropriate data repositories of integrated information .
9reating data!ase designs that a#oid the pitfalls of earlier systems re3.ltants often ma)e an e4 ellent
li#ing.ent parts.nderstanding the data a ess limitations that data!ases attempt to o#er ome.se data!ase te
hnologies do not ma)e these pro!lems magi ally disappearHdata!ase te hnologies simply ma)e it easier to
reate sol. 1e a. ).se organi"ations stri#e to optimi"e their data reso.siness de isions.se the appli ation
programs to r.dents st.gh 'hi h end . Data!ase designers design the data!ase str. .st !e aref.l data!ase
en#ironment.the data!ase ar hite ts.e#en the !est appli ation programmers and the most dedi ated D1As
annot prod. Des ri!e the fi#e types of . Data!ase administrators.the data!ase te hnologies are no !etter
?and are potentially e#en 'orseJ@ than the te hnologies and te hni3.n the organi"ation6s daily
operations.re. They design and reate the data>entry s reens. t.sers are the people 'ho .sales
ler)s.reports.also )no'n as D1As. t.sers identified in a data!ase system.l in . A 'elldesigned data!ase fa
ilitates data management and generates a .tion of file system data pro essing an !e helpf.tions that a#oid
these pro!lems. &hat are some reasons for st.in effe t.rther. A poorly designed data!ase is li)ely to !e ome
a !reeding gro. PTS: 1 REF: 1% +.sers.ires that the designer .and 'hy data!ase design ons. F.and dire tors
are all lassified as end . PTS: 1 REF: 22 .dy data!ase design.sers a ess and manip. Data!ase design is
simply too important to !e left to l.'ith ea h part stored in its o'n ta!le. ANS: System administrators o#ersee
the data!ase system6s general operations.nd in most data!ases is a pro ess of de omposition.
Cnderstanding these limitations is rele#ant to data!ase designers and de#elopers !e a.lt>to>tra e errors
that may lead to !ad de ision ma)ingHand !ad de ision ma)ing an lead to the fail.nd for diffi . :igh> le#el
end .