MATHEMATICS

PRACTICE TEST ON PROBABILITY

Target IIT JEE 2011
PAGE # 1
Class:XII Time: 1 hr 50 min M.M.: 105
[STRAIGHT OBJECTIVE TYPE]
Q.1 to Q.20 has four choices (A), (B), (C), (D) out of which only one is correct and carry 3 marks each.
There is NEGATIVE marking. 1 mark will be deducted for each wrong answer. [20 3 = 60]
Q.1 A biased coin with probability p (0 < p < 1) of falling tails is tossed until a tail appears for the first time.
If the probability that tail comes in odd number of trials is
3
2
, then p equals
(A*)
2
1
(B)
2
1 5 !
(C)
4
3
(D)
4
1 5 "
[Sol. We have P(T) = 2p ; P(H) = ) T ( P = 1 p
# Required probability = P(T or HHT or HHHHT or .........) =
2
) p 1 ( 1
p
! !
=
2
p p 2
p
!
=
3
2
$ 2p
2
= p $ p =
2
1
Ans. ]
Q.2 Let p denotes the probability that in a group of 4 persons all are born on different days of the week, then
p

must lie in the interval :
(A*)
1
3
< p <
2
1
(B)
1
4
< p <
1
3
(C)
1
6
< p <
1
3
(D) none
[Hint : P(all born on different days) =
7
7
6
7
5
7
4
7
. . . =
120
343
]
Q.3 Horses X, Y and Z are entered into a three-horse race. If the odds against X winning are 3 to 1
and the odds against Y winning are 2 to 3, then the odds against Z winning, is (assume no dead heat)
(A) 3 to 20 (B) 3 to17 (C*) 17 to 3 (D) 20 to 3
[Sol. The probability that X wins is
4
1
and the probability that Y wins is
5
3
. The sum of the winning probabilities
for all three horses must be one, so the probability that Z wins =
) 3 17 (
3
20
3
5
3
4
1
1
"
% % ! ! .
Hence the odds against Z winning are 17 to 3. ]
Q.4 Two cards are drawn one by one without replacement from a deck of 52 cards. The probability that the
second card is higher in rank than the first card, is
(Ranks in increasing order can be taken from Ace to King.)
(A)
17
1
(B*)
17
8
(C)
17
16
(D)
17
9
PAGE # 2
[Sol. p =
2
52
1
4
1
4
2
13
C
C C C
(probability that the cards are higher or lower rank)
=
17
16
$ P(same) =
17
1
Now P(H) + P(L) + P(same) = 1
# P(H) = P(L) =
17
8
Ans. ]
Q.5 Each of three identical jewelry boxes has two drawers. In each drawer of the first box there is a gold
watch. In each drawer of the second box there is a silver watch. In one drawer of the third box there is
a gold watch while in the other there is a silver watch. If we select a box at random, open one of the
drawers and find it to contain a silver watch, then the probability that the other drawer has the gold watch
in it, is
(A*)
3
1
(B)
3
2
(C)
2
1
(D)
4
1
[Sol.
A : one box and one of its drawer randomly selected and a silver watch found in it
B
1
: It is the box C ; B
2
: It is the box B ; B
3
: It is the box A
P (B
1
) = P (B
2
) = P (B
3
) =
3
1
P (A / B
1
) =
2
1
; P (A / B
2
) = 1 ; P (A / B
3
) = 0 ; P (B
1
/ A) =
1
2
1
2
1
"
=
3
2

2
1
=
3
1
Ans. ]
Q.6 A sample space consists of the integers 1, 2

, 3, 4, ...... , 100. The probability of choosing an integer 'k'
is proportional to ln k. The conditional probability of choosing the integer 2

, given that an even integer
is chosen, is
(A*)
) ! 50 ( n 2 n 50
2 n
l l
l
"
(B)
) ! 50 ( n 2 n
2 n
l l
l
"
(C)
) 50 ( n 2 n 50
2 n
l l
l
"
(D)
) 50 ( n 2 n
2 n
l l
l
"
[Sol. We have S = {1, 2, 3,.... , 100}
Let A : integer 2 is chosen.
B : even integer is chosen .
Given P(1) = ' ln 1 ; P(2) = ' ln 2 ; P(3) = ' ln 3 etc. (where ' is proportionality constant)
Now P(A/B) =
) B ( P
) B A ( P (
=
)] 100 .... 6 . 4 . 2 ( n [
2 n
l
l
'
'
=
)] ! 50 2 ( n [
2 n
50
l
l
=
) ! 50 ( n 2 n 50
2 n
l l
l
"
Ans.
(By multiplication rule) ]
Q.7 There are 4 machines & it is known that exactly 2 of them are faulty . They are tested, one by one, in a
random order till both the faulty machines are identified . Then the probability that only 2 tests are
needed is
(A*) 1/3 (B) 1/6 (C) 1/2 (D) 1/4
PAGE # 3
[Hint: P(DD or GG) ;
3
1
4
2
3
1
4
2
) " )
=
3
1
]
Q.8 A & B throw a dice. The probability that A's throw is not greater than B's is :
(A) 5/18 (B) 13/18 (C) 5/12 (D*) 7/12
[Hint : P(A's throw is less than or equal to B) =
1
6
6
6
5
6
4
6
3
6
2
6
1
6
" " " " "
*
+
,
-
.
/ ]
Q.9 At a railway station a passenger leaves his luggage in a locker which is opened by dialing a three digit
code from 000 to 999. The passenger chooses the code, closes the locker & leaves for the town. A
strange man, who does not know the code, tries to open the locker by dialing 3 digits at random.
Assuming that the unsuccessful attempts are not repeated, the probability that the locker opens in
K
th
trials is
(A) K/1000 (B) (1000 K)/1000 (C*) 1/1000 (D) none
Q.10 A die is weighted such that the probability of rolling the face numbered n is proportional to
n
2
(n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). The die is rolled twice, yielding the numbers a and b. The probability that a < b is
(A)
91
10
(B)
91
66
(C)
91
31
(D*)
91
33
[Sol. P(n) = kn
2
Given P(1) = K ; P(2) = 2
2
K ; P(3) = 3
2
K ; P(4) = 4
2
K ; P(5) = 5
2
K ; P(6) = 6
2
K
# Total = 91 K = 1 $ K =
91
1
; # P(1) =
91
1
; P(2) =
91
4
and so on
Let three events A, B, C are defined as
A : a < b
B : a = b
C : a > b
By symmetry, P(A) = P(C). Also P(A) + P(B) + P(C) = 1 ....(1)
since P(B) =
91
25
91 91
2275
91 91
1296 625 256 81 16 1
)] i ( P [
6
1 i
2
% %
0
1
2
3
4
5
)
" " " " "
%
6
%
2P(A) + P(B) = 1 ( from (i) )
P(A) =
2
1
[1 P(B)] =
91
33
Ans. ]
Q.11 The probability of India winning a test match against West Indies is 1/2. Assuming independence from
match to match the probability that in a 5 match series, India's second win occurs at the 3rd test is :
(A*) 1/4 (B) 1/8 (C) 1/2 (D) 2/3
[ Hint: P(E) = P(SFS or FSS) = 1/4 ]
Q.12 Carefully read the following statements.
I The sample space of an experiment is the set of all possible outcomes of that experiment.
II An event need not be a subset of a sample space.
III If E is the event that it will rain today and F is the event that it will not rain today then E 7 F = S.
IV If E and F are two independent events then the sum of P(E) and P(F) can not exceed 1.
V There is one in six chance of rolling a pair (doublet) if two dice are rolled.
VI If two events are independent then they are automatically mutually exclusive.
Now choose the correct alternative.
(A) exactly two statements are true (B*) exactly three statements are true
(C) exactly four statements are true (D) exactly five statements are true
[Hint: T ; F ; T ; F ; T ; F]
PAGE # 4
Q.13 Events A, B, C satisfy P(A) = 0.3, P(B) = 0.3, P(C) = 0.5. Events A and B are mutually exclusive.
Events A and C are independent and P(B/C) = 0.2. Then P(A 7 B 7 C) equals
(A) 0.95 (B*) 0.85 (C) 0.75 (D) 0.65
[Sol. now, P(A 7 B 7 C) =
6 6
( ( " ( ! ) C B A ( P ) B A ( P ) A ( P
P(B/C) =
) C ( P
) C B ( P (
= 1.1 [0 + 0.1 + (0.5)(0.3)] + 0
= 1.1 0.25
# P(B ( C) = 0.2P(C) = 0.1 = 0.85 $ (B)]
Q.14 If A & B are two events such that P(A) = 0.6 & P(B) = 0.8, then the greatest value that P(A/B) can have
is
(A) 0.70 (B*) 0.75 (C) 0.80 (D) 1
[Hint: P 8 9 B A =
) B ( P
) B A ( P (
=
8 . 0
6 . 0
=
4
3
(Maximum value of P (A ( B) = P (A) = 0.6 ]
Q.15 Urn A contains 9 red balls and 11 white balls. Urn B contains 12 red balls and 3 white balls. One is to roll
a single fair die. If the result is a one or a two, then one is to randomly select a ball from urn A. Otherwise
one is to randomly select a ball form urn B. The probability of obtaining a red ball, is
(A*)
60
41
(B)
60
19
(C)
35
21
(D)
60
35
[Sol. Urn A
W 11
R 9
; Urn B
W 3
R 12
E : event of drawing a red ball;
E
1
= 1 or 2 on die $ P(E
1
) =
3
1
E
2
= 3, 4, 5, 6 on die $ P(E
2
) =
3
2
E = (E ( E
1
) + (E ( E
2
)
P(E) = P(E
1
) P(E/E
1
) + P(E
2
) P(E/E
2
)
Using the law of total probabilities,
P (red ball) =
6
2

20
9
+
6
4

15
12
=
60
41
Ans. ]
Q.16 A die is thrown three times. The chance that the highest number shown on the die is 4 is
(A) 19/27 (B) 1/216 (C*) 37/216 (D) 19/216
[Hint : Let F = {1 or 2 or 3 } and S = {4} ; P(F) = 3/6 ; P(S) = 1/6
P (Highest number thrown is 4) = P(FFS or FSS or SSS)
=
216
1
3 .
6
1
.
6
1
.
6
3
3 .
6
1
.
6
3
.
6
3
" "
=
216
1
216
9
216
27
" "
]
[Alternative: Highest number in three throws 4 $ atleast one of the throws must be equal to 4.
Number of ways when three blocks are filled from {1,2,3,4} = 4
3

# number of ways when filled from {1,2,3} = 3
3
# required number of ways = 4
3
3
3
# Probability =
216
37
6
3 4
3
3 3
%
!
]
PAGE # 5
Q.17 Consider the equation x
2
+ kx + 1 = 0. A single fair die is rolled to determine the value of the middle
coefficient, k. The value for k is the number of dots on the upper face of the die. The probability that the
equation will have real, unequal roots, is
(A) 1/3 (B*) 2/3 (C) 3/4 (D) 4/3
[Sol. The roots will be real and unequal when b
2
4ac > 0. For the equation above, we have
k
2
(4)(1)(1), and so k must be greater than 2. The probability of this happening is 2/3 Ans.]
Q.18 2 cards are drawn from a well shuffled pack of 52 cards. The probability that one is a heart card & the
other is a king is :
(A) 5/52 (B) 1/34 (C) 20/221 (D*) 2/52
[ Hint: A : card is of heart but not king 12
B : king but not heart 3
C : heart and king 1
P(E) =
2
52
1
12
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
3
1
12
C
C . C C . C C . C " "
=
52
2
]
Q.19 Three numbers are selected from the set {1, 2, 3, ........., 10}. The probability that all the selected
numbers are consecutive or none of them are consecutive is equal to
(A)
15
7
(B*)
15
8
(C)
2
1
(D)
3
2
[Sol: Number of ways of selecting 3 consecutive numbers {1, 2, 3; 2, 3, 4; 3, 4, 5;, ...........;8, 9, 10} = 8
Number of ways of selecting 3 numbers so that no two of them are consecutive =
103+1
C
3
=
8
C
3
= 56
Desired probability =
3
10
C
56 8"
=
15
8
]
Q.20 In a convex hexagon two diagonlas are drawn at random. The probability that the diagonals intersect at
an interior point of hexagon is
(A*)
12
5
(B)
12
7
(C)
5
2
(D) None of these
[Sol: We have,
Number of diagonals of a hexagon =
6
C
2
6 = 9
Number of ways of selecting two diagonals =
9
C
2
= 36
Number of ways of selecting two intersecting diagonals = Number of ways of selecting four vertices of
the hexagon =
6
C
4
= 15
Hence, required probability =
12
5
36
15
%
]
[COMPREHENSION TYPE]
Q.21 to Q.26 are based upon a paragraph. Each question has four choices (A), (B), (C), (D) out of which
ONLY ONE is correct and carry 3 marks each. There is NEGATIVE marking. 1 mark will be deducted for
each wrong answer. [6 3 = 18]
Paragraph for question nos. 21 to 23
A certain college student has to complete his Chemistry problem set and Maths problem set on the night
of December 31
st
2009 (both due on 1
st
January 2010). If the student works on his problem sets in the
maths library, the probability of finishing his maths problem set that night is 95% and the probability of
finishing his chemistry problem set that night is 75%. If the student works on his problem sets in the
chemistry library, the probability of finishing his chemistry problem set that night is 90% and probability
of finishing his maths problem set is 80%. Given that he can only work in one of the 2 libraries with 60%
probability of working in maths library.
PAGE # 6
Q.21 Given that he works in the maths library, the probability that he finishes his both problem set, is
(A*)
80
57
(B)
26
19
(C)
77
31
(D)
25
21
Q.22 Given that he works in the chemistry library, the probability that he finishes his both problem set, is
(A)
180
77
(B*)
25
18
(C)
80
31
(D)
23
17
Q.23 Given that he finishes his both problem set, the probability that he works in the maths library, is
(A)
200
23
(B)
159
77
(C*)
159
95
(D)
191
95
[Sol. M : He works in maths library
C : He works in chemistry library
F : He finishes his both problem set.
P(M) =
100
60
=
10
6
P(C) =
100
40
=
10
4
P(F/M) = =
) M ( P
) M F ( P (
=
100
60
100
75
100
95
100
60
) )
=
100
75
100
95
)
=
10000
7125
=
80
57
Ans.(i)
(By multiplication rule)
P(F/C) =
100
40
100
80
100
90
100
40
) )
=
100
72
=
25
18
Ans.(ii)
P(F) = P(C ( F) + P(M ( F) = P(C) P(F/C) + P(M) P(F/M) =
400
171
250
32
80
57
10
6
25
18
10
4
" %
/
.
-
,
+
*
) "
/
.
-
,
+
*
)
(By using total law of porbability)
P(M/F) =
) F ( P
) M / F ( P ) M ( P
=
) C / F ( P ) C ( P ) M / F ( P ) M ( P
) M / F ( P ) M ( P
"
=
25
18
10
4
80
57
10
6
80
57
10
6
) " )
)
=
159
95
Ans.
(By using multiplication rule)
Alternatively:Let the events defined as follows:
M
1
: He works in maths library.
C
1
: He works in chemistry library.
M
2
: He finishes his maths problem set.
C
2
: He finishes his chemistry problem set.
Now P(M
2
/M
1
) =
100
95
; P(C
2
/M
1
) =
100
75
; P(M
2
/C
1
) =
100
80
; P(C
2
/C
1
) =
100
90
(i) 8 9
1 2 2
M ) C M ( P ( = 8 9 8 9
1 2 1 2
M C P M M P ) =
100
75
100
95
)
=
4
3
20
19
)
=
80
57
Ans.
PAGE # 7
(ii) 8 9
1 2 2
C ) C M ( P ( = 8 9 8 9
1 2 1 2
C C P C M P ) =
100
90
100
80
)
=
25
18
Ans.
(iii) 8 9 ) C M ( M P
2 2 1
( =
8 9 8 9
8 9 8 9 8 9 8 9
1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2
1 1 2 2
C P M ) C M ( P M P M ) C M ( P
M P M ) C M ( P
( " (
(
=
100
40
25
18
100
60
80
57
100
60
80
57
) " )
)
=
18 18 2 25 57 3
80
57
3
) ) " ) )
)
=
16 12 5 57
5 57
) " )
)
=
192 285
285
"
=
477
285
=
159
95
Ans.]
Paragraph for question nos. 24 to 26
Consider two sets A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {1, 2, 3, ......, 9, 10}.
Q.24 If Tina randomly selects two distinct numbers from set A and Reena randomly selects one number
from set B, the probability that Reena's number is greater than the sum of the two number chosen by
Tina, is
(A*)
5
2
(B)
2
1
(C)
5
3
(D)
5
1
Q.25 Out of all the mappings which can be defined from A : B, one mapping is randomly selected.
The probability that the mapping selected is injective, lies in the interval
(A)
/
.
-
,
+
*
25
4
,
25
3
(B)
/
.
-
,
+
*
25
5
,
25
4
(C)
/
.
-
,
+
*
25
6
,
25
5
(D*)
/
.
-
,
+
*
25
8
,
25
7
Q.26 Number of mappings from B : A, if exactly two elements of A are not the image of any element of B
are
(A)
8 9 ) 1 2 ( 3 3 3
10 10
! "
(B)
8 9 ) 1 2 ( 3 3 10
10 10
" !
(C*)
8 9 ) 1 2 ( 3 3 10
10 10
! !
(D)
8 9 ) 1 2 ( 3 3 10
10 10
" "
[Sol.
(i) For Tina, n(S) =
5
C
2
i.e. Two numbers selected are 12, 13, 14, 15, 23, 24, 25, 34, 35, 45
sum is 3, 4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 7, 7, 8, 9
10 9
10 to 9 8
10 to 8 7
10 to 8 7
10 to 7 6
10 to 6 5
10 to 7 6
10 to 6 5
10 to 5 4
10 to 4 3
Tina Reena
Now for Reena, one number has to be selected so that sum is greater
than the sum of the two numbers chosen by Tina
Required probability = /
.
-
,
+
* " " " " " " " " "
10
1 2 3 3 4 5 4 5 6 7
10
1
=
100
40
=
10
4
=
5
2
Ans.
(ii) Total mapping = 10
5
Number of injective mapping =
10
C
5
5!
# Probability of injective mapping =
5
5
10
10
! 5 C )
=
4
10 10
120 252
)
)
=
625
189

PAGE # 8
and
625
175
<
625
189
<
625
200
$ (D) is correct
(iii) 2 elements of set A which are not the image of elements of set B is
5
C
2
.
Hence total number of required functions from B : A is given by
8 9 8 9 ) 2 2 ( C 1 C 3 C
10
1
3
2
3 10
2
5
! " ) !
=
8 9 ) 2 2 ( 3 3 3 10
10 10
! ! !
=
8 9
10 10
2 3 3 3 10 ) ! "
=
8 9 ) 1 2 ( 3 3 10
10 10
! !
Ans. ]
[MULTIPLE OBJECTIVE TYPE]
Q.27 to Q.29 has four choices (A), (B), (C), (D) out of which one or more than one is/are correct and carry
4 marks each. There is NO NEGATIVE marking. [3 4 = 12]
Q.27 In an experimental performance of a single throw of a pair of unbiased normal dice,
let three events E
1
, E
2
and E
3
are defined as follows:
E
1
: getting prime numbered face on each dice.
E
2
: getting the same number on each dice.
E
3
: getting total on two dice equal to 4.
Which of the following is/are TRUE?
(A*) The probabilities P(E
1
), P(E
2
), P(E
3
) are in A.P. (B) The events E
1
and E
2
are independent.
(C) P(E
3
/ E
1
) =
9
2
. (D*) P(E
1
+ E
2
) + P(E
2
E
3
) =
36
17
.
Sol. E
1
= {(2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 2), (2, 5), (5, 2), (3, 5), (5, 3), (3, 3), (5, 5)}
E
2
= {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5), (6, 6)}
E
3
= {(1, 3), (3, 1), (2, 2)}
Now P(E
1
) =
36
9
; P(E
2
) =
36
6
; P(E
3
) =
36
3
Clearly P(E
1
), P(E
2
), P(E
3
) are in A.P. $ (A) is correct.
P(E
1
( E
2
) =
36
3
=
12
1
; P(E
1
) P(E
2
) $ (B) is incorrect.
Now P(E
3
/E
1
) =
) E ( P
) E E ( P
1
1 3
(
=
9
1
$ (C) is incorrect.
Also P(E
1
+ E
2
) + P(E
2
E
3
) = [P(E
1
) + P(E
2
) P(E
1
( E
2
)] + [P(E
2
) P(E
2
( E
3
)
=
36
9
+
36
12

36
3

36
1
=
36
17
$ (D) is correct.]
Q.28 Let all the letters of the word 'MATHEMATICS' are arranged in all possible order.
Three events A, B and C are defined as
A : Both M are together.
B : Both T are together.
C : Both A are together.
Which of the following hold(s) good?
(A*) P(A) = P(B) = P(C) =
11
2
(B*) P(A ( B) = P(B ( C) = P(C ( A) =
55
2
(C*) P(A ( B ( C) =
495
4
(D*) 8 9 C ) B A ( P (
=
405
58
PAGE # 9
[Sol. 8 9 C ) B A ( P ( =
) C ( P
) C B A ( P ( (
=
) C ( P 1
) C B A ( P ) C A ( P ) B A ( P ) A ( P
!
( ( " ( ! ( !
...... (1)
(MM), (TT), (AA), H, E, I, C, S
A : MM , T, T, A, A, H, E, I, C, S
A
B
C
A B C ( (
S
P(A) =
! 2 ! 2 ! 2
)! 11 (
! 2 ! 2
)! 10 (
=
11
2
= P(B) = P(C) $ (A) is correct
A ( B : MM , TT , A, A, M, E, I, C, S
P(A ( B) =
! 2 ! 2 ! 2
)! 11 (
! 2
! 9
=
55
2
= P(A ( C) = P(B ( C) $ (B) is correct
A ( B ( C : AA , TT , MM , H, E, I, C, S
P(A ( B ( C ) =
! 2 ! 2 ! 2
)! 11 (
! 8
=
495
4
$ (C) is correct
From (1) ;
8 9 C ) B A ( P (
=
11
2
1
495
4
55
2
55
2
11
2
!
" ! !
=
405
58
$ (D) is correct ]
Q.29 A manufacturer of airplane parts makes a certain engine that has a probability p of failing on any given
flight. There are two planes fitted with this type of engine. One plane has 3 such engines and other plane
has 5. A plane crashes if more than half the engines fitted in it fail. If the two plane models have the same
probability of crashing then the value of p can be
(A*) 0 (B*) 1 (C*) 1/2 (D) 3/5
[Sol. The two engines have the same probability of failing if
5
C
3
p
3
(1 p)
2
+
5
C
4
p
4
(1 p) + p
5
=
3
C
2
p
2
(1 p) + p
3
or 10p
3
(1 p)
2
+ 5p
4
(1 p) + p
5
= 3p
2
(1 p) + p
3
cancelling p
2
10p(1 p)
2
+ 5p
2
(1 p) + p
3
= 3(1 p) + p
10p(1 + p
2
2p) + 5p
2
5p
3
+ p
3
= 3 2p
6p
3
15p
2
+ 12p 3 = 0
or 2p
3
5p
2
+ 4p 1 = 0 ; 2p
2
(p 1) 3p(p 1) + 1(p 1) = 0
(p 1)(2p
2
3p + 1) = 0 ; (p 1)(p 1)(2p 1) = 0
# p = 0 or p = 1/2 or p = 1 $ A, B, C ]
PAGE # 10
[MATCH THE COLUMN]
Q.30 is "Match the Column" type. Column-I contains THREE entries and column-II contains FOUR entries.
Entry of column-I are to be uniquely matched with ONLY ONE ENTRY of column-II and carry 3 marks each.
There is NO NEGATIVE marking. [3 3 = 9]
Q.30 Column-I Column-II
(A) Let S be a set consisting of first five prime numbers. Suppose A and B (P) 2%
are two matrices of order 2 each with distinct entries < S. The chance
that the matrix AB has atleast one odd entry, is
(B) Box A has 3 white & 2 red balls, box B has 2 white & 4 red balls. If two (Q) 25%
balls are selected at random (without replacement) from A & two more are
selected at random from B, the probability that all the four balls are white is (R) 50%
(C) One percent of the population suffers from a certain disease. There is a
blood test for this disease, and it is 99% accurate, in other words, the (S) 96%
probability that it gives the correct answer is 0.99, regardles of whether the
person is sick or healthy. A person takes the blood test, and the result says
that he has the disease. The probability that he actually has the disease, is
[Ans. (A) S; (B) P; (C) R]
[Sol.
(A) S = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11}
Total ways in which A and B can be chosen = (
5
C
4
4!)
2
= (5!)
2
P(E) = 1 P(A and B does not contain the element 2)
1
2
2
) ! 5 (
) ! 4 (
= 1
25
1
=
25
24
= 96% Ans.
(B) A
R 2
W 3
; B
R 4
W 2
;
2
6
2
5
2
2
2
3
C . C
C . C
=
50
1
]
(C) A: blood result says positive about the disease
B
1
: Person suffers from the disease =
100
1
B
2
: person does not suffer =
100
99
P(A/B
1
) =
100
99
; P(A/B
2
) =
100
1
P(B
1
/A) =
) B / A ( P ) B ( P ) B / A ( P ) B ( P
) B / A ( P ) B ( P
2 2 1 1
1 1
"
=
100
1

100
99
100
99

100
1
100
99

100
1
"
=
99 2
99
=
2
1
= 50% Ans. Ans.]
[SUBJECTIVE TYPE]
Q.31 is "Integer Type" question. (The answer to each of the questions are upto 4 digit)
There is NO NEGATIVE marking. [6]
Q.31
prob
Four people sit round a circular table, and each person will roll a normal six sided die once.
The probability that no two people sitting next to each other will roll the same number is
1296
N
.
Find the value of N. [Ans. 630]
PAGE # 11
[Sol. n(S) = 6 6 6 6 = 6
4
= 1296
Now A can throw die in 6 ways
B can throw only in 5 way
D can also throw in 5 ways
Suppose C throws the same number as that of A
B D
A
C
(2,3,4,5,6)
(3,4,5,6)
Hence 'C' can throw only in 1 way
# Number of ways = 6 5 5 1 = 150
Suppose C throws different number than A
A can town in 6 ways
B can town in 5 ways
Now C will throw different from A and B hence C can throw in 4 ways
Now D can not throws what A and C have thrown and therefore can throw in 4 ways.
# Number of ways = 6 5 4 4 = 480
Total ways = 630 Ans. ]