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The mineralogical make-up of the megabreccias In addition, they emphasize the scientific
includes all previously mentioned phases along with other significance and uniqueness of the core part of the crater-
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Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment______________________________________Vol.15 (3) Sept (2011)
Res.J.Chem.Environ.
like structure, which, besides deserving special and also to the Spain Embassy in Mauritania for its
preservation (following the indications of the International institutional backing. JMF acknowledges the financial
Union for Conservation of Nature), requires further support of the Centro de Astrobiología, in the context of his
investigation about its origin. research studies on terrestrial analogs. Special thanks go to
Binter Canarias for its logistic support.
Table 1
ICP-MS operating parameters used for the References
determination of the minor and trace elements 1. IUCN Protected Areas: what are they, why have them?
Instrument PerkinElmer http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/pa/pa_what/ (2010)
ELAN9000
RF power 1000 W 2. Dudley N., Guidelines for Applying Protected Area
Management Categories. Gland, Switzerland. IUCN; x + 86
Nebulizer gas flow 0.85 l min-1
(2008)
Plasma gas flow 15 l min-1
Auxiliary gas flow 0.5 l min-1 3. IUCN Pilot project for creating a protected area of Guelb Er-
Nebulizer Cross flow Richat http://www.iucn.nl/funded_projects/pilot_project_for_
creating_a_protected_area_of_guelb_er_richt_1/ (2006)
Spray chamber Scott Type
Cones Nickel 4. Kirsch Jung K.P. and Hegener K., Mauritania CCA Survey,
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Sweep / reading 17 5. Martinez Frias J., Lázaro E. and Esteve Núñez A.,
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Scanning mode Peak Hoppping
6. Remer L., Richat Structure, Earth Observatory, Mauritania,
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id= 9
Acknowledgement 262 (2008)
Thanks to the Mauritania Embassy for the
permission to carry out the scientific campaign at the area
Fig. 1 A: Richat structure (Mauritania). ∅: around 50 km. False-colour composite image, made using shortwave
infrared, infrared and green wavelengths, which was acquired by Landsat 7's Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus
(ETM+) sensor. Courtesy of USGS EROS Data Center Satellite Systems Branch, http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/. B:
General overview of the megabreccia outcrop, displaying the classical block-splitting structure. C: Close-up of one of
the meter-size boulders of megabreccia; note its faceted shape. D: Interior of one of the megabreccia boulder,
showing the heterometric mixture of fragments (in this case, mainly quartz).
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Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment______________________________________Vol.15 (3) Sept (2011)
Res.J.Chem.Environ.
Table 2
Geochemical composition of the six main groups of silica-rich megabreccias, Major elements (wt %), Minor and trace
elements (ppm), BDL: Below Detection Limit. QDCAb: quartz, dolomite, calcite and albite, QGCar: quartz, goethite,
carbonates (calcite and aragonite), QKAb: quartz, kaolinite and albite, Q: quartz, QCar: quartz, carbonates (calcite,
dolomite and aragonite), QGtHt: quartz, goethite, hematite.
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Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment______________________________________Vol.15 (3) Sept (2011)
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Précambrien du Sahara mauritanien; hypothèse nouvelle sur
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11. Boussaroque J.L. E., tude des analcimolites des Richat (Adrar
de Mauritanie) Ph.D. thesis, Universite´ de Paris VI, 105 (1975)
12. Matton G., Jebrak M. and Lee J.K.W., Resolving the Richat
enigma: Doming and hydrothermal karstification above an
alkaline complex, Geology, 33(8), 665-668 (2005)
13. Spray J., Earth Impact Database. Planetary and Space Science
Centre, University of New; Brunswick, Fredericton, New
Brunswick, Canada, http://www.unb.ca/passc/ImpactDatabase/
Fig. 2 A: Photomicrography (parallel light) displaying
(2010)
the association of mostly euhedral quartz crystals and
iron oxi-hydroxides. B: Raman spectra of goethite and 14. Rossi A.P., Baliva A. and Piluso E., New evidences of an
hematite (1), goethite (2) and amorphized carbon (3). 4: impact origin for Temimichat crater, Mauritania; LPSC XXXIV,
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López Rondón J., Rodríguez Losada J.A., Fernandez Sampedro
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circulaire des Richat (Adrar de Mauritanie, Nancy Sciences de la Mauritania: nuevos datos mineralógicos, texturales y
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(Received 18th February 2011, accepted 25th July 2011)
9. Destombes J. P. and Plote H., Une structure aberrante dans le