International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI)

E-ISSN: 2321 4767 P-ISSN: 2321 - 4759

www.ijmsi.org Volume 2 Issue 4 || April. 2014 || PP-47-53
www.ijmsi.org 47 | P a g e
Some Accepts Of Banach Summability of a Factored Conjugate
Series
Chitaranjan Khadanga
1
, Garima Swarnakar
2

Rcet, Bhilai, Department of Mathematics,


ABSTRACT: An elementary proposition states that an absolutely convergent series is convergent, i.e. that if
/s
0
-s
1/+/
s
1
-s
2/
++/s
n
-s
n-1
/<
This is the analogue for series of the theorem on functions that if a function f(x) is of bounded variation
in an interval, the limits exist at every point. Consider the function f(x) = a
n
x
n ,
lthen the series being supposed
convergent in ( 0 < x < 1 ) .
Summability theory has historically been concerned with the notion of assigning a limit to a linear space-valued
sequences, especially if the sequence is divergent. In this paper we have been proved a theorem on Banach
summability of a factored conjugate series.
KEY WORDS: Summability theory, Absolute Banach summability, Conjugate series, infinite series.

I. INTRODUCTION
Let
n
a be a given infinite series with the sequence of partial sums { }
n
s . Let { }
n
p be a sequence
of positive numbers such that
(1.1) ( ) 1 , 0 ,
0
> = = =

=

i p P n as p P
i i
n
r
v n

The sequence to sequence transformation
(1.2)

=

=
n
v
v v n
n
n
s p
P
t
0
1

defines the sequence of the ( )
n
p N, -mean of the sequence { }
n
s generated by the sequence of coefficients
{ }
n
p .
The series
n
a is said to be summable 1 , , > k p N
k
n
, if
(1.3)

<
|
|
.
|

\
|
1
1
1
n
k
n n
k
n
n
t t
p
P

In the case when 1 =
n
p , for all
k
n
p N k and n , , 1 = summability is same as 1 , C summability . For
k
n
p N k , , 1 = summability is same an
n
p N, -summability.
Now , Let ( )

=1 n
n
x B be the conjugate Fourier series of a t 2 -periodic function ( ) t f and L-integrable on
( ) t t, . Then
Some Accepts Of Banach Summability of a Factored Conjugate Series
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(1.4 ) ( ) ( ) ,... 3 , 2 , 1 , sin
2
0
= =
}
n dt t x B
n
t

t

where
(1.5 ) ( ) ( ) { } t x f t x f t + =
2
1
) (

Dealing with B -summability of a conjugate Fourier Series, We have the following results:
Known Results:
Theorem-2.1:
Let ) (t f be a t 2 -periodic, L-integrable function on ( ) t t, . Then the conjugate Fourier Series

) (x B
n
of ) (t f is B -integrable if
(i) ( ) t , 0 ) ( BV t e
and
(ii)
( )
<
}
dt
t
t
t

0

Theorem-2.2: If

( )
}
<
t

0
dt
t
t
,
then the factored Fourier series ( )

x B
n n
is B -summable for { }
n
to be a non-negative convex sequence
such that <

n
n

.
we wish to generalize the above two results to absolute Riesz-Banach summability. We prove

Theorem-2.3:
Let { }
n
p be a positive non-decreasing sequence of numbers such that

=
=
n
v
v n
n on p P
1
, . Let
(i) ( ) ( ) t , 0 BV t e
(ii)
( )
}
<
t

0
dt
t
t
,

and
(iii) ( ) = n as P O np
n n
, .
Then the conjugate Fourier Series ( )

x B
n
is absolutely Riesz-Banach summable i.e.
( ) B p N
n
, summable.

Some Accepts Of Banach Summability of a Factored Conjugate Series
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Theorem-2.4:
Let { }
n
p be a sequence of positive numbers such that

=
=
n
v
v n
p P
1
, as n . Let
(i)
( )
<
}
dt
t
t
t

0
,
and
(ii) = n as P np
n n
), ( 0 . Then the factored conjugate Fourier series ( ) x B
n n
is
absolutely Riesz-Banach summable i.e. ( ) B p N
n
, -summable for { }
n
to be a non-negative convex
sequence such that

<
n
n

.
We need the following Lemmas for the proof of the above theorems.

Lemma-2.3.1
Let { }
n
p be a positive non-decreasing sequence of numbers.
Let
(

=
t
1
t , then {t
n
} is a monotonically decreasing sequence.

Lemma-2.3.2
Let { }
n
p be a sequence of positive non-decreasing, then
)
`

+ k n
P
k
is monotonically increasing in k .
Proof. We have

( ) ( )
( )( ) 1
1
1
1 1
+ +
+ +
=
+

+

k n k n
P k n P k n
k n
P
k n
P
k k k k


( )
( )( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) 1 1
1 2 1
+ +
+ + + +
=
+ +
+
=

k n k n
p p p p p p np
k n k n
P p k n
k k k k k k k


{ }
n
p m , 0 > is non-decreasing.
This proves the lemma.
Lemma-2.3.3
If { }
n
is a positive convex sequence such that

<
n
n

, then { }
n
is a monotonically
decreasing sequence.
Proof of the theorem - 2.3
If ( ) n T
k
is the k-th element of the Riesz-Banach transformation of the conjugate Fourier Series
( )

x B
n
, then
Some Accepts Of Banach Summability of a Factored Conjugate Series
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1
1
1
) (
+
=

=
v n
k
v
v
k
k
s p
P
n T


+
= =
=
1
1 1
) (
1
v n
r
i
k
v
v
k
x B p
P

( ) ( ) ( )

+
=

=
+ =
1
1
1
n k
n i
i n i k
k
n
i
i
x B P P
P
x B .
Now

=
+
+
+
+
=
k
v
v n v
k k
k
k k
x B P
P P
p
n T n T
1 1
1
1
) ( ) ( ) (
For the series

) (x B
n
, we have

= =
+
+
+
+
=
1 1 1 1
1
1
) ( ) ( ) (
k k
k
v
v n v
k k
k
k k
x B P
P P
p
n T n T


}

= = +
+
+ =
1 1
0 1
1
) ( sin ) (
2
k
k
v
v
k k
k
dt t v n t P
P P
p
t

t



}

= = +
+
+ =
1 1
0 1
1
) ( sin ) (
2
k
k
v
v
k k
k
dt t v n t P
P P
p

t
t

| |
2 1
1
2 1
,
2
+ =
(

=
(

+ =

= >
t
t
t
t
t
t
where
k k
, say
We have
( ) ( ) ( )

}

}

= = +
+
= = +
+
+ = + =
1 1
0
1 1
1
1
0
1 1
1
) (
sin sin
t
t
t
t

k
k
v
v
k k
k
k
k
v
v
k k
k
dt
t
t
t v n P t
P P
p
dt t v n t P
P P
p

Since

( )
}

=
< = <
t
t

0
1 1
,
k
dt
t
t
, if
( )

= = +
+
< +
t
1 1 1
1
sin
k
k
v
v
k k
k
t v n P t
P P
p
, uniformly for t < < t 0
Now


= =
+
+
+ s
12 1 1
1
1
) sin(
t
k
k
v
v
k k
k
t k n P
P P
p
t


= = +
+
s
t
1 1 1
1
) ( 0
k
k
v
v
k k
k
P
P P
p
t
( )
( )
) ( 0 ), 1 ( 0 ) ( 0 ) ( 0
1
) ( 0 1 ) ( 0
1 1 1
1
1
1
n
k k
n
k
k
k
k k
k
P np as t
P
p k
t P k
P P
P
t = = =
+
= + =

= = +
+
+
+
t t
t
Next,
Some Accepts Of Banach Summability of a Factored Conjugate Series
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}

> = +
+
+ =
2
0
1 1
1
) ( ) ( sin
t
t

k
k
v
v
k k
k
dt t t v n p
P P
p

Since 0 ) ( ) 0 ( = = t , we have
( ) ) (
) cos(
) sin(
0 0
t d
v n
t v n
dt t v n t
t t
} }
+
+
= +
Then,

}

> = +
+
+
+
=
2
0
1 1
1
) ( ) cos(
t
t

k
k
v
v
k k
k
t d t v n
v n
P
P P
p

( ) ( ) ) , 0 ( , cos ) 1 ( 0
1 1
1
t
t
BV t as t v n
v n
P
P P
p
k
k
v
v
k k
n
e +
+
=

> = +
+
by results, ( )
}
<
t

0
t d


> + +
+
+
+
=
t k
k
k n
k
k k
k
t v n
k n
P
P P
p
, ) ( cos ) 1 ( 0
1
1

> +
+
+
=
t
t
k k
k
P k n
p
1
1
) (
) ( 0 , by Lemma-2.3.1,

( )
( )
n n
k
P np as
n k n
0 ,
1 ) (
1
) ( 0 =
+ +
=

>t
t
( ) ) 1 ( 0 0 ) ( 0
1
= =

t t .
Then

=
+
<
1
1
) ( ) (
k
k k
n T n T , uniformly for N ne .
Hence

) (x B
n
is absolutely Riesz-Banach summable.
This completes the proof of the theorem.

Proof of the Theorem - 2.4
Let ) (n T
k
be the k-th element of the Riesz Banach transformation of the factored conjugate Fourier
series

) (x B
n n
. Then
( ) ( )

=
+
=

+ =
n
i
i i
n k
n i
n i k
k
i i k
n B P P
P
x B n T
1
1
1
) ( ) (
Then
( ) x B P
P P
p
n T n T
v n
k
v
v n v
k k
k
k k +
=
+
+
+
+
=
1 1
1
1
) ( ) (
series ( ) x B
n n
, we have
Some Accepts Of Banach Summability of a Factored Conjugate Series
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( )

= =
+ +
+
+
+
=
1 1 1 1
1
1
) ( ) (
k k
k
v
v n v n v
n k
n
n k
x B P
P P
p
n T n T

( )
( )

}

= =
+
+
+
+ + =
1 1
0 1
1
sin
2
n
k
v
v n v
n k
n
dt v n
t
t
t P
P P
p
t

t

Since
( ) ( )
}

< <

=
+
t

0
1
1
,
) (
k
n k
n T n T dt
t
t

if
( )

= =
+
+
+
< + =
1 1 1
1
sin
k
k
v
v n v
n k
k
t v n P t
P P
p
,
uniformly for t < < t 0 .
Now
( )

=
+
+ = >
+
(

+ =
k
v
v n v
k k
k
k k
t v n P t
P P
p
1 1 1
sin
t
t



+ =
1 2
, say.
We have
( )

= =
+
+
+
+ =
1 1 1 1
1
sin
t

k
k
v
v n v
k k
k
t v n P t
P P
p

( ) ( )

= =
+
+
+
+ =
t

1 1 1
1
sin 0
k
k
v
v n v
k k
k
t v n P
P P
p
t


= = +
+
=
t
1 1 1
1
) ( 0
k
k
v
v
k k
k
P
P P
p
t
( )

+ +
+
+ =
t
1 1
1
1 ) ( 0
k
k
k k
k
P k
P P
p
t

( )

= +
+
= = =
+
=
t
t
1 1
1
0 ), 1 ( 0 ) ( 0 ) ( 0
) 1 (
) ( 0
k
n n
k
k
P np on t
P
p k
t .
Next
( )

> =
+
+
+
+ =
2 1 1
1
sin
t

k
k
v
v n v
k k
n
t v n P
P P
p
t .
By Abels partial summation formula
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

=

= = =
+ + +
+ + + A = +
k
v
k
v
v
p
k
p
k n k v n v v n v
t p n P t p n P t v n P
1
1
1 1 1
sin sin sin
Some Accepts Of Banach Summability of a Factored Conjugate Series
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( ) ( )
(

+ A + =

=
+ + + + +
1
1
1 1
0
k
v
k n k v n v v n v
P P p t
Thus
( )

>

=
+ + + + +
+
+
+ A + =
2
1
1
1 1
1
1
) 1 ( 0
t

k
k
v
k n k v n v v n v
k k
k
P P p
P P
p

( )
(

+ A + =

> > +
+
+ + + +
+
+
t t

k k n n
k n k
v n v v n v
k k
k
P P
P
p p
P P
p
1
1 1
1
1
) 1 ( 0
( )


= +
+
=
+ + + +
+

A + =
t
t

k k k
k
v
n v v n v
P P
p
P p
1
1
1
1 1 1
) 1 ( 0
( )
(

(
+ A + +


= >
+
+
+
+
+

=
+ + + +
v k n
k n
k
k
n n
n
v
v n v v n v
P
p
P P
p
P p
2 1
1
1
1
1 1

t

( )
(

+
+
A +
+ A + =

=

= >
+ + + + +
+ + + +
t
t t t


1
1 1
1 1
1
1
) 1 ( 0
v v k
k n
v
v n v v n v
v n v v n v
k P
P p
P p
P

(

+
+
|
|
.
|

\
| A
+
A
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =

>

=
+ + + +
=

=
+ + + +
t
t
t t
t
t t t

k
k
v v v
v n v v n v
v v
v n v v n v
k P
P
P
P
P
p
P
p
1
) 1 ( 0
1
1
1 1
1
1 1

(

+
+ A + =

= >
+
+
+
+ +
1 1
1
1
1
1
) 1 ( 0
v v k
n
v n
v
v n v
k P
p
t

A +
+
=

=
+
+
1 1
1
) 1 ( 0
v v
v n
v n
v

|
.
|

\
|
A +
+
=

=
+
+
1 1
1
) 1 ( 0
v v
v n
v n
v

) 1 ( 0 = , on
n
is decreasing and

<
n
n

,
Hence

< , uniformly for N ne .

Then ( ) ( )

B p N is n B
n n n
, -summable.
This proves the theorem.

REFERENCES:
[1]. CHAMPMAN, S : On non-integral orders of summability of series and integrals, Proceedings of the London Mathematical
Society, (2), 9(1910) 369-409.
[2]. CHOW, A.C : Note on convergence and summability factors, Journal of the London Mathematical Society, 29(19054),459
476.
[3]. FEKETE, M : A Szettarto vegtelen sorak elmeletchez, Mathematikal as Termesz Ertesito, 29 (1911), 719-726.
[4]. GREGORY, J : Vera Circuli et hyperbalse quardrature, (1638-1675), published in 1967.
[5]. HARDY, G.H : Divergent Series, Clarendow Press, Oxford, (1949).