PAX May Review- 3

rd
Grade
Please go through these and see what you know. As a 3
rd
grader, you should know all of this. If you dont, this is
the time to learn it and understand it properly.
Reading
o Compound Words Two words that are put together to make one new word. Example: base +
ball = baseball.
o Multiple Meaning Words Words that are spelled the same but have different meanings or
pronunciations, such as bow (ribbon) and bow (ship)
o Idioms A saying in which the words do not mean exactly what they say.
o Analogies A word pair which compares how things are related to each other.
o Classifying Putting similar things into categories or groups.
o Fiction A type of book about things that are made up or not true.
o Non Fiction Writing based on facts. It usually gives information about people, places, or things.

English

o Antonyms Words that are opposites. Example: hot and cold.
o Synonyms Words that mean the same or nearly the same. Example: small and little.
o Homophones Two words that sound the same but have different meanings and are usually
spelled differently. Example: write and right.
o Nouns Words that name a person, place, or thing.
o Pronouns Nouns that name specific people, places, or things. Example: Iowa.
o Abbreviations A shortened form of a word. Most abbreviations begin with a capital letter and
end with a period. Example: Doctor = Dr.
o Adjectives Words that describe nouns. Examples: tall, four, cold, happy.
o Prefixes Special word parts added to the beginnings of words. Prefixes change the meaning of
words. Example: redo.
o Suffixes Word parts added to the end of a word to change or add to its meaning. Example:
statement.
o Verbs The action words in a sentence. The word that tells what something does or that
something exists. Examples: run, is.
o Adverbs Words that describe verbs. They often tell how, when, or where. Examples: here,
today, quickly.
o Subjects The noun that does the action. It tells who or what the sentence is about. A noun or
pronoun will always be part of the subject.
o Predicates The verb in the sentence that tells the main action. It tells what the subject is doing,
has done, or will do.
o Sentences A group of words that tell a complete idea, using a noun and a verb. They begin
with a capital letter and have end punctuation (a period, question mark, or exclamation point).
o Compound Sentences Two complete ideas that are joined together into one sentence by a
conjunction.
o Punctuation - The use of standard marks and signs in writing and printing to separate words into
sentences, clauses, and phrases. Examples: exclamation mark, question mark, period, etc.
o Paragraph group of sentences that all tell about the same thing. Most paragraphs have three
parts: a beginning, middle, and an end.

Spelling

o Short Vowels The letters a, e, i, o, and u which say the short sound. Short a is the sound you
hear in ant. Short e is the sound you hear in elephant. Short I is the sound you hear in igloo.
Short o is sound you hear in octopus. Short u is the sound you hear in umbrella.
o Long Vowels The letters a, e, i, o, and u which say the long or letter name sound. Long a is
the sound you hear in hay. Long e is the sound you hear in me. Long i is the sound you hear in
pie. Long o is the sound you hear in no. Long u is the sound you hear in cute.
o Contractions Words that are a short way to write two words together. Example: isnt is short
for is not.

Math

o Place Value The value of a digit, or numeral, shown by where it is in the number.
o Rounding Estimating a number by figuring a number using the closest 10 (or 100, 1000,
etc.)
o Multiplication A short way to find the sum of adding the same number a certain amount of
times. For example, 7 x 4 = 28 instead of 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 = 28
o Division An operation to find out how many times one number is contained in another
number. For example, 28 divided 4 = 7 means that there are seven groups of four in 28.
o Fractions A number that names part of a whole such as or 2/3
o Decimals A number with one or more places to the right of a decimal point, such as 6.5 or
3.78. Money amounts are written with two places to the right of a decimal point, such as $1.30.
o Geometry The branch of mathematics that has to do with points, lines, and shapes.
o Graphs Drawings that show information about numbers.
o Time How to tell time on an analog clock.













PAX May Review- 4
th
Grade
Please go through these and see what you know. As a 4th grader, you should know all of this. If you dont, this
is the time to learn it and understand it properly.

Reading
o Short vowels - The letters a, e, i, o, and u which say the short sound. Short a is the sound you
hear in ant. Short e is the sound you hear in elephant. Short I is the sound you hear in igloo.
Short o is sound you hear in octopus. Short u is the sound you hear in umbrella.
o Long vowels - The letters a, e, i, o, and u which say the long or letter name sound. Long a is
the sound you hear in hay. Long e is the sound you hear in me. Long i is the sound you hear in
pie. Long o is the sound you hear in no. Long u is the sound you hear in cute.
o Syllable- Part of a word. Each syllable has one vowel sound.
o Synonym- A word that means the same, or nearly the same, as another word. Example:
brave and courageous.
o Antonyms- A word that means the opposite of another word. Exmaple: in and out.
o Palindrome- A word or sentence that is spelled the same forward and backward.
Examples: noon, dad, pop, radar
o Homophones - Two words that sound the same but have different meanings and are usually
spelled differently. Example: write and right.
o Prefixes - A syllable added to the beginning of a word that changes the words meaning
o Suffixes - Word parts added to the end of a word to change or add to its meaning. Example:
statement.
o Analogies - A way of comparing things to show how they are similar. Example: Nose is to smell
as tongue is to taste.
o Context Clues A way to figure out the meaning of a word by relating it to other words
in the sentence.
o Main Ideas The most important idea, or main points, of a sentence, paragraph, or
story.
o Details The who, what, when, where, why, and how of what is read.
o Sequencing Putting things or events in order.

English
o Sentence A group of words that expresses a complete thought. It must have at least
on subject and one verb.
o Run on sentence Occurs when two or more sentences are joined together without
punctuation.
o Subject- The part of the sentence that tells who or what the sentence is about
o Predicate- The part of the sentence that tells what the subject does, did is doing, or will
do. Example: I am happy.
o Common Nouns Any nonspecific person, place, or thing.
o Proper Noun- Name of specific persons, places or things. Examples: Abe Lincoln,
Empire State Building, Magna Carta.
o Plural Nouns Nouns that refer to more than one thing.
o Pronouns A word that takes the place of a noun. Examples: I, me, my, he, she, it, we,
us, their, them.
o Future Tense Verb A verb form that tells what is going to happen. Examples: I will be
happy. She will run fast.
o Past Tense Verb A verb form that tells what has already happened. Example: I was
happy.
o Present Tense Verb A verb form that tells what is happening now. Example: I am
happy.
o Adjective- A word that describes a noun. Examples: Fuzzy sweater, green car, nice boy
o Adverb- A word that tells when, where or how. Example: The train will leave early.
o Conjunction- A word that joins sentences or combines ideas. And, but, or,
because, when, after and so are conjunctions.

Writing

o Punctuation - The use of standard marks and signs in writing and printing to separate words
into sentences, clauses, and phrases. Examples: exclamation mark, question mark, period, etc.
o Proofreading Searching for and correcting errors by carefully reading and rereading
what has been written.
o Topic Sentences A sentence within a paragraph that states the main thought, often
placed at the beginning of the paragraph.
o Compare and Contrast writing about the similarities and differences between things.
o Outlining A written plan that helps organize the writers thoughts in preparation for
writing a report.
o Writing a Summary Writing a short report that gives the main points of a story or
article.
o Writing a Report Writing an informative essay on a certain topic.
Math
o Place Value - The value of a digit, or numeral, shown by where it is in the number.
o Addition Putting together or adding two or more numbers to find the sum.
o Subtraction Taking away or subtracting one number from another.
o Rounding Expressing a number to the nearest ten, hundred, thousand, and so on.
Examples: round 18 to 20; round 11 to 10.
o Estimating To give an approximate, rather than an exact, answer.
o Skip Counting A quick way to count by skipping numbers.
o Multiplication - A short way to find the sum of adding the same number a certain amount of
times. For example, 7 x 4 = 28 instead of 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 = 28
o Division - An operation to find out how many times one number is contained in another
number. For example, 28 divided 4 = 7 means that there are seven groups of four in 28.
o Averaging The result of adding two or more quantities and dividing by the number of
quantities.
o Fractions - A number that names part of a whole. It is usually shown as one number
(the part) above a second the number (the whole), with a horizontal line between.
Examples: and
o Mixed Numbers A number written as a whole number and a fraction, such as 5
o Decimals - A number with one or more places to the right of a decimal point, such as 6.5
or 2.25
o Graphing A drawing that shows information about changes in numbers.
o Ordered Pairs A pair of numbers used to locate a point.
o Probability The likelihood that something will happen, usually expressed as a ratio.
Examples: 1:2, 6:48.
o Abacus A frame with sliding beads for doing math.


















PAX May Review- 5th Grade
Please go through these and see what you know. As a 5th grader, you should know all of this. If you dont, this
is the time to learn it and understand it properly.

Reading
o Digraph- Two letters pronounced as one sound. Ex: Sh-shell, ch-chew, th-thin
o Silent Letters
o Syllable- A word part with only one vowel sound
o Word Families-
o Double Consonants-
o Spelling Verb Forms
o Spelling Plurals
o Prefix- A syllable added to the beginning of a word that changes the words meaning
o Suffix-A syllable at the end of a word that changes its meaning.
o Synonyms- A word that means the same or nearly the same as another word. Ex: jump
and hop
o Antonyms- A word with the opposite meaning of another world. Ex: hot and cold
o Homophones- Words that are pronounced the same but are spelled differently and have
different meanings
o Homographs- Words that have the same spelling but different meanings and
pronunciations
o Similes-A comparison using the words like or as. Ex: She looked as frightened as a
mouse.
o Metaphors-A direct comparison between to unlike things that doesnt use the words
like or as. Ex: She was a frightened mouse
o Idiom- A figure of speech that has a meaning different from the literal one
o Word Origins
o Context Clues-A way to determine the meaning of new words by relating them to other
words in the sentence.
o Classifying-Putting items into categories based on similar characteristics.
o Analogies- A way of comparing items to show how they are related.
o Facts- Information that can be proven true.
o Opinions- Information that tells what someone thinks or believes about something or
someone
o Cause- An event or reason which has an effect on something else.
o Effect- An event resulting from a cause
o Main Idea
o Skimming- To read quickly, looking for headings and key words, in order to identify the
overall idea of the materials content or to find a particular fact.

English

o Noun- A word that names a person, place or thing
o Verb- The actions word in a sentence that tells what the subject does or that it exists.
o Subject-
o Predicate- The part of the sentence that tells what the subject does, did or is doing
o Complete Sentences-
o Direct Objects- A word that follows a verb and completes its meaning. Example: I called
Mary.
o Indirect Objects- Words that come between the verb and the direct object
o Preposition- A word that comes before a noun or pronoun and shows that relationship
of that noun or pronoun to other words in the sentence.
o Pronouns- A word used in place of a noun. Exmaples: Wanda-her; Brian-him
o Adjectives- A word that describes a noun or pronoun, telling which one, what kind or
how many
o Adverbs- A word that describes a verb, adjective or other adverb, telling how, when,
where, how often or in what manner.
o Parts of Speech
o Conjunction- A word used to join words or groups of words in a sentence or to combine
sentences. Examples: and, or, but, because
o Kinds of Sentences
o Compound Predicate- A predicate with two or more verbs joined with a conjuntion
o Punctuation-
o Capitalization
o Clause- A group of words with a subject and a verb
o Combining Sentences-

Math
o Fractions-A number that names part of a whole. It is usually shown as one number (the
part) above a second the number (the whole), with a horizontal line between.
Examples: and
o Mixed Numbers-A number written as a whole number and a fraction
o Decimals- A number with one or more places to the right of a decimal point, such as 6.5
or 2.25
o Geometry- The branch of mathematics that has to do with points, lines and shapes
o Perimeter- the distance around an object found by adding the lengths of the sides
o Area- The number of square units in a figure
o Volume- The number of cubic units inside a space figure
o Measuring Circles
o Measuring Triangles
o Measurement: Length, Weight, Capacity, Temperature
o Ratio- A comparison of two quantities
o Percent- A ratio which means per hundred
o Graphs- A drawing that shows information about changes in numbers










































PAX May Review- 6th Grade

Please go through these and see what you know. As a 6th grader, you should know all of this. If you dont, this
is the time to learn it and understand it properly.


Reading:

o Long vowels A long vowel refers to a vowel that is usually pronounced longer than other
vowels.
o Root word A word that is the common stem from which relate words get their meanings.
o Prefixes A syllable added to the beginning of a word that changes its meaning.
o Suffixes a morpheme added at the end of a word to form a derivative, e.g., -ation, -fy, -
ing, -itis.
o Synonyms - a word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or
phrase in the same language, for example shut is a synonym of close.
o Antonyms A word that means the opposite of another word.
o Homophones Words that sound alike but have different spellings and meanings.
o Homographs Words that have the same spelling but different meaning.
o Classifying Placing similar things into categories.
o Analogy - A comparison showing how two things relate to each other.
o Fact Information that can be proven to be true.
o Opinion A statement that expresses how someone feels or what they think about something.
o Cause The reason something happens.
o Effect - What happens as a result of the cause.
o Personification A figure of speech in which human characteristics are given to an animal or
object.
o Symbolism the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.
o Idioms A phrase that says one thing but actually means something quite different.
o Denotation The literal or dictionary definition of a word.
o Connotation The meaning of a word, including all the emotions associated with it.
o Simile A figure of speech comparing two things, using the words like or as
o Metaphors A figure of speech that directly compares one thing to another.
o Generalizations A statement or rule that applies to many situations or examples.
o Skim Reading To read quickly to get a general idea of what a reading selection is about.
o Scanning To look for certain words in a reading selection to locate facts or answer questions.

English:

o Nouns A word that names a person, place, thing or idea.
o Verbs A word in a sentence that tells what something does or that something exists.
o Plurals A word that refers to more than one thing.
o Subjects 1. Word or several words, that tells who or what a sentence is about; 2. The topic
covered or that name of an item in an index. 3. The person in a biography.
o Predicates A word or several words that tells what the subject does or that it exists.
o Pronouns A word that takes the place of a noun.
o Personal Pronoun A word that takes the place of a noun. It refers to a person or thing.
o Possessive Pronoun A pronoun that shows ownership.
o Interrogative Pronoun A pronoun used to ask a question. Who or what and which.
o Appositives- A noun or pronoun placed after another noun or pronoun to further identify it.
o Dangling Modifiers- A word or words that does not modify what it is meant to modify.
o Adjectives A word that describes a noun.
o Adverbs A word that tells something about a verb, adjective or another adverb. It answers the
questions when, where, or how.
o Prepositions A word that comes before a noun or pronoun and shows the relationship of that
noun or pronoun to some other word in the sentence.
o Direct Objects A noun or pronoun which answers what or whom after the verb.
o Indirect Objects A noun or pronoun that tells to whom or what or for whom or what the action
is performed.
o Conjunctions A word that joins two or more sentences, words or ideas.

Writing:

o Complete Sentence A sentence that has both a simple subject and a simple predicate.
o Run on sentence Two or more sentences joined together without punctuation or a joining
word.
o Descriptive Writing -
o Fact Information that can be proven to be true .
o Opinion A statement that expresses how someone feels or what they thing about something.
It cannot be proven.
o Persuasive Writing To convince someone to believe that is being stated.
o Paraphrasing To restate something in your words.
o Summarizing A brief retelling of the main ideas in a reading selection.
o Outlining A skeletal description of the main ideas and important details of a reading selection.
o Haiku A Japanese verse of three lines having five, seven, and five syllables each.
o Diamante A seven line poem in the shape of a diamond.
o Free Verse Poems that do not rhyme and do not have a regular rhythm.
o Limericks A humorous verse consisting of five lines with the first, second, and fifth lines
rhyming, and third and fourth lines rhyming.
o Acrostics A poem that uses the letters of a word to begin each line.
o Friendly Letters

Math:
o Place Value The position of a digit in a number.
o Expanded Notation Writing out the value of each digit in a number.
o Equations A number sentence in which the value on the left of the equal sign must equal the
value on the right of the equal sign.
o Rounding Expressing a number to the nearest whole number, ten, thousand, or other value.
o Estimating Using an approximate number instead of an exact one.
o Decimals A number that includes a period called a decimal point. The digits to the right of the
decimal point are a value less than one.
o Fractions A number that names part of something.
o Perimeter The distance around a shape formed by straight lines, such as a square.
o Area The number of square units that covers a certain area.
o Volume The number of cubic units that fills a space.
o Geometry The study of lines and angles, the shapes they create and how they relate to one
another. Customary System Measures length in inches and feet, capacity in cups and pints,
weights in ounces and pounds and temperature I Fahrenheit.
o Metric System Measures length in meters, capacity in liters, mass in grams and temperature in
Celsius.
o Ratios A comparison of two quantities.
o Percent - by a specified amount in or for every hundred
o Probability The ratio of favorable outcomes to possible outcomes in an experiment.
o Comparing Data A way to show how things or data are alike or different.
o Integers Numbers above or below zero: -2, -1, 0, +1, +2 and so on.





















PAX May Review- 7th Grade
Please go through these and see what you know. As a 7th grader, you should know all of this. If you dont, this
is the time to learn it and understand it properly.

ENGLISH
o Sentence - contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete though
o Predicate - tells what the subject is or does
o Subject - names the person or thing the sentence is about
o Declarative Sentence - makes a statement and ends with a period
o Interrogative Sentence - asks a question
o Imperative Sentence - commands or requests
o Exclamatory Sentence - a statement or a command made with a strong feeling
o Fragment - does not have a subject or a verb and does not express a compete thought
o Run on sentence - two or more complete sentences written without proper punctuation
between them
o Suffix - word ending
o Common Noun - name of a general place, person, or thing
o Proper Noun - name of a particular person, place, or thing
o Concrete Noun - something that can be touched or seen
o Abstract Noun - an idea, quality, or state of mind
o Appositive - a noun or noun phrase placed next to or very near another noun or noun phrase to
explain its meaning
o Intransitive Verb - does not need an object to complete its meaning.
o Imperative Mood - indicates a command or a request
o Adjective - modifies a noun or pronoun
o Adverb - modifies a verb, adjective or another adverb
o Double Negative - an incorrect construction that uses two negative words when one is sufficient
o Interjection - words that express a strong feeling or sudden emotion.
o Conjunction - a word that joins words or groups of words together

MATH
o Place Value The position of a digit in a number.
o Expanded Notation Writing out the value of each digit in a number.
o Equations A number sentence in which the value on the left of the equal sign must equal the
value on the right of the equal sign.
o Rounding Expressing a number to the nearest whole number, ten, thousand, or other value.
o Estimating Using an approximate number instead of an exact one.
o Decimals A number that includes a period called a decimal point. The digits to the right of the
decimal point are a value less than one.
o Fractions A number that names part of something.
o Perimeter The distance around a shape formed by straight lines, such as a square.
o Area The number of square units that covers a certain area.
o Volume The number of cubic units that fills a space.
o Geometry The study of lines and angles, the shapes they create and how they relate to one
another. Customary System Measures length in inches and feet, capacity in cups and pints,
weights in ounces and pounds and temperature I Fahrenheit.
o Metric System Measures length in meters, capacity in liters, mass in grams and temperature in
Celsius.
o Ratios A comparison of two quantities.
o Percent - by a specified amount in or for every hundred
o Probability The ratio of favorable outcomes to possible outcomes in an experiment.
o Comparing Data A way to show how things or data are alike or different.
o Integers Numbers above or below zero: -2, -1, 0, +1, +2 and so on.