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SIMEAS R
Digital Fault and Power
Quality Recorder
Manual
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Release: 13.03.03
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Notes on Safety
This manual does not constitute a complete catalog of all safety measures required for
operating the equipment (module, device) in question because special operating conditions
might require additional measures. However, it does contain notes that must be adhered to
for your own personal safety and to avoid damage to property. These notes are highlighted
with a warning triangle and different keywords indicating different degrees of danger:
Danger
means that death, severe injury, or substantial damage to property will occur if the
appropriate safety measures are not taken.
Warning
means that death, severe injury, or substantial damage to property can occur if the
appropriate safety measures are not taken.
Caution
means that minor injury or damage to property can occur if the appropriate safety measures
are not taken.
Note
is important information about the project, handling the product, or the part of the
documentation in question, to which special attention must be paid.
Qualified Personnel
Commissioning and operation of the equipment (module, device) described in this manual
must be performed by qualified personnel only. As used in the safety notes contained in this
manual, qualified personnel are those persons who are authorized to commission, release,
ground, and tag devices, systems, and electrical circuits in accordance with safety
standards.
Use as Prescribed
The equipment (device, module) must not be used for any other purposes than those
described in the Catalog and the Technical Description. If it is used together with third-party
devices and components, these must be recommended or approved by Siemens.
Correct and safe operation of the product requires adequate transportation, storage,
installation, and mounting as well as appropriate use and maintenance.
During operation of electrical equipment, it is unavoidable that certain parts of this
equipment will carry dangerous voltages. Severe injury or damage to property can occur if
the appropriate measures are not taken:
Before making any connections at all, ground the equipment at the PE terminal.
Even after the supply voltage has been disconnected, hazardous voltages can still be
present in the equipment (capacitor storage).
Equipment with current transformer circuits must not be operated while open.
Hazardous voltages can be present on all switching components connected to the

power supply.
The limit values indicated in the manual must not be exceeded; that also applies to
testing and commissioning.
Disclaimer of liability
Although we have carefully checked the contents of this publication
for conformity with the hardware and software described, we cannot
guarantee complete conformity since errors cannot be excluded.
The information provided in this manual is checked at regular intervals and any corrections that might become necessary are included
in the next releases. Any suggestions for improvement are welcome.
Subject to change without prior notice.
3.00.01
Copyright
Copyright Siemens AG 2003 All Rights Reserved
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document or its contents is not permitted without express written authority. Offenders
will be liable for damages. All rights, including rights created by
patent grant or registration of a utility model or design, are reserved.
Registered Trademarks
SIMEAS R and OSCOP P are registered trademarks of
SIEMENS AG. All other product and brand names in this manual
might be trademarks, the use of which by third persons for their purposes might infringe the rights of their respective owners.
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Document No. E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Warning
During operation of electric devices, dangerous voltages are applied to
certain parts. Ignoring the warning notes can result in severe injury or
damage.
Only qualified personnel is allowed to operate this device. Appropriate
transportation, storage, installation, and assembly, as well as cautious
operation and maintenance are basic requirements for proper and safe
operation of this device.
The communication ports (maintenance port, data interface, printer
port and PCCard) are separated extra low voltage (SELV) circuits.
SELV circuits should only be connected to other SELV circuits.
This has to be taken into account when using the devices.
In particular the general erection and safety regulations (e. g. IEC, EN or
national standards) regarding the correct use of hoisting gear must be
observed. Non-observance can result in death, personal injury or substantial property damage.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
iii
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Preface
This manual is adressed to qualified personnel who are thoroughly familiar with the installation of computer and network systems.
An in-depth knowledge of acquisition units is required for the parameterization of these units.
Validity of this
Manual
This manual is valid for SIMEAS R firmware version 2.3 and higher.
Standards
SIMEAS R and this manual have been developed in compliance with the
ISO 9001 standard.
Additional Support
If you have any questions about general, sales or licensing matters in

connection with measuring and recording, please contact your Siemens
sales representative.
Hotline
For technical questions related to POWER QUALITY, especially about

the SIMEAS R/P/Q/T and OSCILLOSTORE P5xx, quality recorders, or
on the OSCOP P parameterization and evaluation software, please contact our hotline:
Siemens AG
Customer Care Center
Humboldtstr. 59
D-90459 Nuremberg
Germany
Phone
Fax
e-Mail
Training courses
+49 (0)180/5247000
+49 (0)180/5242471
services@ptd.siemens.de
You can find our training program on the Internet at:

www.powerquality.de
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Table of Contents
Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
1.2.3
1.2.4
1.2.5
1.2.6
Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fault Recorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Quality Registration, Mean Value Recording and Flicker Calculation
Voltage Dips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power and Frequency Recorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Binary Recorder (Event Printer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
4
6
7
8
9
9
1.3
Special Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13
2.1
Basic Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
2.2.5
2.2.6
Acquisition Units (DAUs) and Signal Conditionings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Signal Conditionings for Alternating Voltage and Current . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signal Conditionings for Direct Voltage and Direct Current . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signal Conditioning for Binary Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Features of the Individual Acquisition Units (DAUs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Time Synchronization of the Data Acquisition Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real-Time Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16
17
20
21
22
23
24
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.3.5
Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
COM 1, the Data Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
COM S, the Service Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PCCard Slot 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Keyboard and LED Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printer Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
27
27
27
28
28
2.4
Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29
2.5
Operating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30
2.6
2.6.1
2.6.2
Housing Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connections for Electric Serial Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connections for Electric Parallel Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31
32
33
Method of Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
3.1
Sampling and Analog/Digital Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36
3.2
3.2.1
3.2.2
1.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Calculation of Derived Quantities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37
37
37
SIMEAS R Manual
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vii
Table of Contents
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.2.6
3.2.7
3.2.8
3.2.9
3.2.10
3.2.11
3.2.12
3.2.13
Power Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
3.4
Data Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
42
3.5
3.5.1
3.5.2
3.5.3
3.5.4
3.5.5
3.5.6
3.5.7
Triggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Level Trigger Min/Max . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trigger for Abrupt Changes M/t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gradient Trigger M/t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trigger for Negative-sequence System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
External Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Binary Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Logical Pattern with Triggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
43
44
46
47
48
48
49
49
Functional Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
51
4.1
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.1.3
4.1.4
4.1.5
Fault Recorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Processing of Measured and Calculated Quantities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Trigger Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sequence Control and Trigger Hold-off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Memory Utilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
52
52
54
56
57
63
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
System Quality and Mean Value Recorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

64
65
66
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.3
4.3.4
Power and Frequency Recorder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Trigger Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sequence Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
67
69
70
71
71
4.4
4.4.1
Binary Recorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
72
73
4.5
4.5.1
4.5.2
4.5.3
4.5.4
4.5.5
viii
38
38
38
38
39
39
39
40
40
40
40
3.3
Active Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reactive Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Apparent Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Negative-sequence System from the Line-to-ground Voltages . . . . . . . . .
Negative-sequence System from the Line-to-line Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . .
Positive-sequence System from the Line-to-line Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Positive-sequence System from the Line-to-line Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighted Harmonic Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unweighted Harmonic Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Root-mean-square Values of the Harmonic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Messages and Self-monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parameterization of the Group Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-Monitoring (Logging) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signals and their Cause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
74
74
74
77
77
78
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Table of Contents
Unpacking and Packing the Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
Incoming Inspection of the Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Verification of the Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electric Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
83
83
83
5.3
Operation via OSCOP P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
84
5.4
Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
84
5.5
Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
85
Design Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
87
6.1
Storage Capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
88
6.2
Output on a Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
89
6.3
Data Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
90
6.4
6.4.1
6.4.2
6.4.3
6.4.4
6.4.5
6.4.6
6.4.7
6.4.8
Communication Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Direct Connection (serial). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
External Leased-line Modem/Optical Converter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Analog Dial Modem/ISDN Modem (terminal adapter) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LAN Connection (Local Area Network) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
X.25-Packet Switching Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
External Star Coupler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Instructions for Hub and Transceiver with PC and SIMEAS R.
Settings and Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
90
91
93
94
98
102
103
104
105
6.5
Power Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
108
6.6
Synchronization of Multiple SIMEAS R Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
108
Installation and Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
109
7.1
Quick Reference for the Commissioning of the SIMEAS R . . . . . . . . . . . .
110
7.2
7.2.1
7.2.2
7.2.3
7.2.4
7.2.5
7.2.6
7.2.7
Installation and Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Feeding of the Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grounding, Shielding and Connection of Peripheral Equipment . . . . . . . .
Cable Connection (auxiliary power, signals, measuring circuits) . . . . . . . .
Cable Connection (data transmission) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preassembled Connection Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
111
112
114
115
117
120
121
127
7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2
7.3.3
7.3.4
Extension of Existing Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Extension of a SIMEAS R with Additional Acquisition Modules . . . . . . . . .
Exchange of Acquisition Units of Different Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Extension of a SIMEAS R with Communication Components . . . . . . . . . .
Extension of a SIMEAS R with External Auxiliary Equipment . . . . . . . . . .
128
129
132
133
136
7.4
Commissioning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
138
7.5
SIMEAS R Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
139
7.6
Parameterization of the SIMEAS R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
140
7.7
81
5.1
First Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation of the SIMEAS R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
141
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Table of Contents
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
144
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exchange of Fuses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
145
145
145
8.4
8.4.1
8.4.2
8.4.3
8.4.4
Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Battery on the Central Processing Unit CPU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Battery Pack on the Power Supply Module (Option) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Battery in the Synchronization Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
147
147
147
148
150
8.5
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
150
Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
151
9.1
9.1.1
9.1.2
Technical Data of the SIMEAS R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

General Device Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
152
152
165
9.2
9.2.1
9.2.2
9.2.3
Technical Data of the 7KE6000-8HA** Synchronization Unit. . . . . . . . . . .

General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connection Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
170
170
170
172
9.3
Technical Data of the Battery Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
173
Default Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
175
10.1
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
176
10.2
10.2.1
10.2.2
10.2.3
10.2.4
10.2.5
System Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Local Printer / Time Synchronization / SIMEAS R Calling Master Station .
Device Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LED, Relays, Group Alarm and Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
177
177
177
177
178
179
10.3
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
180
10.4
Harmonics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
180
Annex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
181
11.1
Ordering Information and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
182
11.2
11.2.1
11.2.2
11.2.3
11.2.4
11.2.5
11.2.6
11.2.7
11.2.8
Location Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Location Diagram for ZE 8/16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Location Diagram for ZE 8/16 with VDAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Location Diagram for ZE 8/16 with CDAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Location Diagram for ZE 8/16 with BDAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Location Diagram for ZE 32/64. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Location Diagram for ZE 32/64 with 2 x VCDAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Location Diagram for ZE 32/64 with 4 x VCDAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Location Diagram for ZE 32/64 with 1 x VCDAU and 3 x CDAU . . . . . . . .
183
183
185
186
187
188
190
191
192
11.3
144
8.3
8.3.1
8.3.2
11
Safety Hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.2
10
143
8.1
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Block Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
193
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Table of Contents
11.3.1
11.3.2
Block Diagram for ZE 8/16 Central Processing Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Block Diagram for ZE 32/64 Central Processing Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
193
194
11.4
11.4.1
11.4.2
Channel Assignment Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Channel Assignment Diagram for ZE 8/16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Channel Assignment Diagram for ZE 32/64. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
195
195
196
11.5
11.5.1
11.5.2
Circuit Diagrams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Diagram for ZE 8/16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Diagram for ZE 32/64 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
198
198
200
11.6
11.6.1
11.6.2
11.6.3
11.6.4
11.6.5
11.6.6
11.6.7
Cable Connection Diagrams (Auxiliary Power,

Signals, Measuring Circuits). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CPU and Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CDAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DDAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BDAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VCDAU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
VDAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connection Examples - VCDAU and VDAU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
205
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
11.7
11.7.1
11.7.2
11.7.3
Cable Connection Diagrams (Data Transmission) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Assignment of the COM S Serial Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
COM 1 serial interface assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Printer Parallel Interface Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
213
213
214
215
Glossary, Reference Literature

Index
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
xi
Table of Contents
xii
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Introduction
This chapter introduces the SIMEAS R. It gives you an overview over the
fields of application, features and range of functions of the SIMEAS R.
Contents
Scope
1.2
Functions
1.3
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
1.1
Special Features
10
Introduction
1.1
Scope
The fault and digital recorder SIMEAS R is used for the following fields of
application:
q
q
q
Quality assurance in power plants and in extra-high, high and medium

voltage installations
Recording of system disturbances and system quality
Monitoring of secondary and primary engineering facilities
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Functions
1.2
Functions
The fault and digital recorder SIMEAS R is used as fault recorder for the
acquisition and analysis of system processes. Due to its flexibility, the
SIMEAS R can be used as a fault recorder, a paperless recorder and to
record the system quality. All conventional paper recorders or fault
recorders can be simply replaced by the SIMEAS R.
Functions
Fault recorder with high sampling rate and integrated data

compression
System quality registration and mean value recording with high
recording capacity
Power and frequency recorder
Binary recorder
Test recorder
Note:
All these functions can be activated in parallel. This means that the
SIMEAS R can be used for applications that, until now, require the
installation of different equipment.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Introduction
1.2.1
Fault Recorder
The classical fault recorder serves to record fault events in the power
supply system. Faults, i.e. events to be recorded, begin and end with an
abrupt change of measured quantities. It is the task of the fault recorder
to recognize such events and to record them with pre-event history. The
recording is to end as soon as the transient state has ended, i.e. the
transition into the fault or also into normal operation.
Fields of application of the fault recorder are, for instance, the registration
and analysis of the fault location (only in connection with OSCOP P), the
progression of short-circuit currents and voltages, transient ground faults,
voltage fluctuations, etc.
Operating equipment such as compensation equipment, protection
equipment and power circuit-breakers can be monitored. Using these
recordings, the functionality of the operating equipment can be optimized
by the user.
Measured
Quantities
The measured quantities are voltages and currents from measuring

transformers. In three-phase systems these are the three line-to-ground
voltages UL1-E, UL2-E and UL3-E and the displacement voltage UE-N, the
three line currents and the zero current.
For a three-wire connection, particularly suited for power measurement,
the voltages U1-2 and U3-2 are used as well as the currents I1 and I3.
Trigger
In order to detect an event, the fault recorder requires triggers, also called
start selectors, which detect the change of measured quantities due to
faults. They should be, on the one hand, sensitive enough to be able to
react even in cases of greater distances to the fault location but, on the
other hand, filter normal operating processes. The triggering instant is
filed with date and time, the latter with a resolution 1 s.
Memory for Preevent History
The possibility to record a short pre-event history is important because

the trigger often detects an event only with a certain delay. However, the
response of the measured qualities should be recorded at least from the
beginning, better with a lead of at least half a cycle. The trigger delay can
be as much as one cycle if, for example, a root-mean-square value
serves as triggering criterion. Therefore, the memory must save the data
of at least two cycles and has to be continuously supplied with the current
measured quantities. For this purpose, the oldest data are cyclically
overwritten.
Memory for Postevent History
The duration of an event cannot be predicted since retriggering may take

place. Therefore, memory must be available for the post-event history
which can store several seconds.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Functions
Mass Storage
Events may occur in a sequence faster than they can be processed,

therefore, events are stored on an internal mass storage where they are
made available for further processing. Further processing consists in
printing or remote transmission or in executing diagnostics.
With the mass storage it is possible not only to bridge short periods but
to archive events.
Data Output
A Siemens approved printer can be connected for data output. It

reproduces the progress of the analog and binary signals. In addition, it
is possible to transmit the data to other devices in other locations using
various protocols.
Note:
The fault recorder functionality can be used for analog and for binary
channels.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Introduction
1.2.2
System Quality Registration, Mean Value Recording and Flicker

Calculation
Measured quantities relevant for the evaluation of the system quality can
be measured and recorded with this functionality. Other quantities (see
Table 1-1) which can be measured and calculated in an electrical
network can also be measured and recorded. Signals are recorded and
stored in the measured value memory for a freely parameterizable
averaging time. Since for the mean value recording the measured values
are recorded continuously, triggering is not required in this case.
Measured
Quantities
Table 1-1
The three line-to-ground voltages and the three line currents are to be
connected as for the fault recorder or also only the line-to-line voltages
U1-2 and U3-2 with the currents I1 and I3. The following is calculated and
recorded:
Measured quantities of the fault recorder
Measured quantity
Four-wire connection
Three-wire connection
Single-phase
Voltage
UL1-E, UL2-E, UL3-E, UE-N
U1-2, U2-3, U3-2
U1, U2, U3, U4
Current
I1, I2, I3, IN
I1, I2, I3
I1, I2, I3, I4
Active power
P1, P2, P3
Ptotal
P1, P2, P3, P4
Reactive power
Q1, Q2, Q3
Qtotal
Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4
Frequency
Positive-sequence system
UM
UM
Negative-sequence system
UG
UG
Weighted harmonic
distortion
DW1, DW2, DW3
DW1, DW2, DW3
DW1 DW4
Unweighted harmonic
distortion
DUW1, DUW2, DUW3
DUW1, DUW2, DUW3
DUW1 DUW4
Harmonics
H1n, H2n, H3n
H1n, H2n, H3n
H1n, H2n, H3n, H4n
Xn
Xn
DC signals (only for DDAUs) Xn
Flicker calculation
For the flicker calculation, the short-term flicker severity Pst and the longterm flicker severity Plt are calculated from the scanned input voltage. For
further information on this topic refer to the manual for OSCOP P.
Mass storage
The recorded measured values are stored in an internal mass storage

and made available for further processing there. The area that is made
available for mean value measured quantities can be freely set with the
system and parameterization software OSCOP P. Since the scope of the
measured data depends on the parameterization used (e.g. short
averaging time), the measured values can be recorded in a sequence
faster than they can be processed further. When 90% of the set memory
space of a recorder are reached, the oldest events are overwritten and,
thus, erased.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Functions
1.2.3
Voltage Dips
Major deviations from the nominal value occurring in shorter periods are
analyzed here. For this the criterion voltage-related events is defined.
For such deviations from the standard, no time relationship with the
analysis period is established; instead, they are classified, counted and
collected. They are subdivided into the classes Rapid voltage changes,
Over voltages, Voltage dips, Short interruptions and Interruptions.
A deviation from the standard is referred to as power system event or
simply event.
Since voltage dips are the most frequent power system events (if we
consider interruptions as a special type of dips down to zero), it has
become common practice to call this criterion voltage dips even if it
includes overvoltages.
Measuring method
For an optimum localization of power system events on the basis of their

characteristics, the so-called threshold values have been introduced.
The measurement system records whether the voltage r.m.s. value
violates defined upper or lower thresholds. The user is free to choose
these thresholds, but if the results are intended for evaluation according
to specific standards, the thresholds chosen must be in accordance with
the limit values described above. As long as the r.m.s. value is situated
between two thresholds, no new data is added.
The parameterized thresholds define ranges. The measurement system
generates the voltage r.m.s. value (for each phase) over one or half a
cycle and checks in which range the value is situated. If the value is in
the same range as the last r.m.s. value, it can be discarded. A new entry
(threshold violation) is only added if the range has changed.
Thresholds can be set in increments of 5%. As an exception to this, a 1%
threshold can be defined.
When interpreting the measured values in the SIMEAS R, it should be
kept in mind that a threshold violation of one channel causes entries in
the other channels as well. Formally, it stores the extreme value recorded
so far, and the instantaneous value.
These values are irrelevant for subsequent evaluations; they are filtered
out because it is obvious that they do not mark a change of range.
For further information on this topic refer to the manual for OSCOP P.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Introduction
1.2.4
Power and Frequency Recorder

The primary control keeps the frequency of the system constant by
adjusting the power output of the machines to the demand. In the
interconnected system, each partner has to take part in meeting this
regulation in order to guarantee the best possible quality of frequency
stability.
The power and frequency recorder has the function to become active
whenever a disturbance occurs due to sudden loss of an important
generator or consumer.
Whenever a deviation occurs in one of the signals, such as frequency,
the power and frequency recorder records the active power, reactive
power, power factor and frequency with pre-event history, variable fault
progression and post-event history.
The function of the SIMEAS R as power and frequency recorder gives
information on how well a particular power plant or an interconnection
partner meets the task. In this device, the gradient of the frequency (rate
of change) or also power is the triggering criterion.
Measured
Quantities
Frequency, active and reactive power are derived from the measured
quantities voltage and current.
Trigger
The frequency and powers, and their gradients are monitored with
respect to limit violations. The triggering instant is filed with date and
time, the latter with a resolution of 1 millisecond.
Pre-event History
and Post-event
History
As for the fault recorder but for a larger period.
Mass Storage and

Data Output
As for the fault recorder.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Functions
1.2.5
Binary Recorder (Event Printer)

The event printer records the change of binary states. For example, it can
record switch positions, protection signals, alarms or the step position of
transformers.
With the binary recorder functionality the binary channels are sampled
with 2 kHz (0.5 ms). For each of the 16 binary channels it is possible to
store 250 changes of state per 1 s. The binary channels are assigned to
the analog recordings and stored in the device with real-time accuracy.
Mass Storage and

Data Output
1.2.6
The binary states are entered with time into the fault and binary recorder
files and stored on the mass storage from where they can be processed
further.
Test Registration
When a trigger occurs, all measured quantities are recorded. This
function is required for commissioning or tests, to verify that all phases
are connected properly or that all phases have the correct signal level.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Introduction
1.3
Special Features
The SIMEAS R system has a modular structure. Later extensions can

easily be integrated into the existing total concept. The transformers
(signal conditioning) are a standard part of the individual acquisition
modules, so that the current and voltage channels can be connected
directly.
Device options
There are two acquisition racks available. The 19 " rack can be equipped
with 32 analog and 64 binary channels. For a distributed application in
switchpanels, a x 19 " rack can be used. It monitors up to 8 analog and
16 binary channels.
Device Structure
The device has a modular structure and all units are vertically mounted
in the rack. The modules can be removed without tools after opening of
the front panel.
Power Supply
The power supply can be equipped with batteries. This means that an
interrupt-free internal power supply is directly available and ensures that
all functions will remain active for 10 minutes.
Transformer
The internal current and voltage transformers are suitable for the direct
connection in protective relays circuits. The new transformer concept
combines the positive features of a Hall transformer with those of
inductive transformers so that very low and high frequencies can be
recorded.
Mass Storage
All measured values are stored and made available for further
processing. A high-quality flash disk is used as internal data memory.
Data Compression
The large volumes of data generated for fault recording can be reduced
to 5% of the net data volume by using a new patented method
The compression factor is determined by the signal curve.
If the mean value recorder is activated with an averaging time of about
15 min., several months of data can be stored. The total memory time
depends on the number of channels and on the parallel functions
recorded.
10
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Special Features
Remote Data
Transmission
Along with the serial interface, the SIMEAS R has a PCCard slot to
accommodate the respective cards (type I - II). This enables remote data
transmission via the analog telephone network. If connection is made to
a LAN/WAN, a PCCard network card or an integrated interface is used
(depending on the respective version).
Transmission Rate
Due to data compression, remote data transmission can take place via
existing networks with a 300 bit/s transmission rate just as effective as
via modern LANs with 10 Mbyte/s.
Time
Synchronization
Time synchronization with a DCF77 signal or alternatively with GPS is

used for the real-time marking of the occurrence of the fault. The real time
is stored with each system cycle. In this way it is possible to analyze
equipment installed at different locations with one another.
This guarantees that, even if several devices are used at remote
distances, the real time, i.e. the instant of the fault, is in agreement.
Regarding accuracy see Chapter 9, Technical Data.
High Quality
The high sampling rate (for 50 Hz signals 12.8 kHz per channel, for
16 2/3 Hz signals 4.3 kHz, for 60 Hz signals 15.36 kHz) and the
measured value resolution of 16 bit lead to a high recording quality.
High Immunity to
Interference
Its high immunity to interference makes the SIMEAS R particularly

suitable for application in medium, high and extra-high voltage
installations.
Remote Diagnosis
The 32 bit real-time operating system allows the remote diagnosis of the
firmware and the modification of device functions by the manufacturer.
Any necessary fault diagnosis of the device can be performed rapidly and
effectively by the manufacturer without removal of the device by the
customer.
Parameterization
A notebook can be connected to an additional interface for local

parameterization. All SIMEAS R functions can be remotely
parameterized.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
11
Introduction
12
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Structure
This chapter describes the structure and connections of the SIMEAS R.

It will be explained what device options are possible and what connection
methods are used.
Contents
Basic Structure
14
2.2
Acquisition Units (DAUs) and Signal Conditionings
16
2.3
Communication
27
2.4
Power Supply
29
2.5
Operating System
30
2.6
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
2.1
Housing Options
31
13
Structure
2.1
Basic Structure
The SIMEAS R consists basically of a central processing unit (CPU),

power supply and communication bus. Additionally, 5 different measured
value acquisition units are available which carry out the actual measuring
task of the device.
Rear side
Front side
interface, controller
COM S
RS 232
Lithium
Battery
Status LE s
Front
membrane
UB
8 I/O-Ltg.
Internal
bus link
Batt-Low
Link 0
interface
KeyboardLEDs
ConvertE r
DC/DC
((-
NT)
NT)
((((-
Hostprocessor
(AT- compatible)
(-
PC-CARD
Controller
address
data bus
LED
PCCARD Slot 1
Point-to-point
interfacE FPGA
DAU)
SYNC
COM 1
RS232
CPU 32 biT
50 MHz
PCCARD Slot 2
Release LED
Hard disk
300MB
COM 3
Modem
ISDN
Signal
OutPut
4 Relays
DAU)
Link 3
Printer
2
DAU)
Link 2
LPT1
Serial port /
DAU)
Link 1
DRAM
16 MByte
Parallel
port
4 Optical inpuTs
SYNCMUX
Control
input
DAU)
01_HC03e.wmf
Figure 2-1
CPU block diagram
Processor Unit
The CPU is the core of the device. The CPU controls the entire device
as, for instance, synchronization, parameterization and data inquiry of
the individual measured value acquisition units. The CPU consists of a
32 bit processor.
Communication
Bus
The processor unit communicates via a local bus with the DAUs and
exchanges all data with the DAUs via this bus.
Mass Storage
The SIMEAS R has a modern mass storage. The storage medium holds,
on the one hand, the operating system and, on the other hand, it serves
as measured value storage for all recorded measured values.
The storage is divided into several sectors during parameterization. This
guarantees that a defined storage space is available for any registration
function. The following areas must be defined:
Program and main memory
Fault recorder
14
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Basic Structure
Mean value recorder

Binary recorder
Note:
The system requires approx. 100 Mbytes. It stores the program and
reserves the space for the dynamic extension of the main memory. The
rest can be allocated freely to the partitions. In this way the available
capacity can be allocated optimally to the respective selected functions
of the SIMEAS R without wasting it for unused functions.
Interfaces
An interface controller operates the serial interfaces COM 1 and COM S

and a printer port. Another control module controls two slots at which
PCCards may be installed (Slot 0 and Slot 1). One is provided for a mass
memory board, and the other, designated as COM 3, for an intelligent
interface board for communication.
For the connection of the peripherals and for remote data transmission
the following interfaces are available:
Printer interface, LPT1
PCCard slot type II to accommodate e.g. an analog modem V.21,
V.22, V.32, V.34, V.90
Ethernet LAN connection
COM 1, data interface, e.g. for an external modem, X.25 Pad
COM S, maintenance interface e.g. for notebook (on-site
parameterization)
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
15
Structure
2.2
Signal conditionings serve to condition the signal to be measured to the

internal measuring ranges of the SIMEAS R. Furthermore, it must isolate
the input circuits from the potential of the device and from each other to
avoid dangerous touch voltages, mutual interaction and short circuit of
measuring circuits. In addition, it has the function to keep away transient
and high-frequency interference coming from outside as well as to
prevent the emission of such signals from the device.
Various data acquisition units (DAUs) are provided for the various
measuring tasks. The signals are connected to terminals located at the
rear. The DAUs cover the complete signal conditioning, the analog/digital
conversion and the entire downstream digital processing. Every channel
is equipped with one or two 16 bit A/D converters with a sampling rate
256 times the fundamental frequency. The A/D converter samples the
signal an additional 64 times faster (oversampling). Amplifiers and
antialiasing filters are provided for the inputs. In addition, digital signal
processors (DSP) with 33 MHz clock are used for the measuring task.
The modules for the signal conditioning are designated BDAU, CDAU,
DDAU, VCDAU and VDAU. DAU is the abbreviation for Data Acquisition
Unit, B stands for binary signals, C for alternating current, D for direct
voltage and current (DC), VC for alternating voltage and current and V for
alternating voltage.
The sampling frequencies of the various signal conditionings are given in
the following table.
Table 2-1
Sampling frequencies of the signal conditionings
System
frequency
Sampling frequency per input
Frequency control
Type
50 Hz
12.8 kHz
synchronous
CDAU, VCDAU, VDAU
60 Hz
15.3 kHz
synchronous
CDAU, VCDAU, VDAU
16 2/3 Hz
4.3 kHz
synchronous
CDAU, VCDAU, VDAU
DC
10.0 kHz 1)
DDAU
binary
2.0 kHz
BDAU
1)
If the SIMEAS R is used with DDAUs only, the sampling frequency of

10 kHz can be lowered down to 0.1 Hz through parameterization. The
following increments can be set: 10 kHz, 1 kHz, 100 Hz, 0.1 Hz
16
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Data acquisition unit DAU

Status
LEDs
SRAM
128k * 32
B1
Signal processor
(optional)
512k * 48
Reset
16 * binary
UB
DC/DC
converter
Link 1
(to DAU)
Link 2
(to Dau)
Link 3
(to DAU)
Link 4
Internal
bus link
(to CPU 486)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
SYNC
B16
Piggy-back
Base module
01_HC03e.wmf
Figure 2-2
Block diagram of the data acquisition unit DAU
The units consist of a basic unit with the DSP, memory and interface
elements. A DC/DC converter generates the required auxiliary voltage
from the supply voltage of 24 V=. Light emitting diodes serve to display
the status and a reset logic takes care of correct startup and shutdown of
the processor. All signal conditioning is connected mutually and to the
central processing unit via the local bus. A conditioning unit is plugged
onto the basic unit. This conditioning unit includes the conditioning
elements: voltage and current transformer for the alternating current
types, isolation amplifiers for the direct current types and optocouplers for
binary inputs.
2.2.1
Signal Conditionings for Alternating Voltage and Current

The signal conditioning units VDAU, VCDAU and CDAU are used for the
input of alternating voltages and currents. To condition these measured
quantities to the measuring ranges of the SIMEAS R, inductive current
transformers are used. This may be obvious for the current, however, it
is also advantageous for the voltage to produce a current proportional to
the voltage by a sufficiently large series resistance and to apply this
current to a current transformer. The reason for this is the comparatively
poor frequency response of voltage transformers. The great number of
turns per unit length required causes, in conjunction with the winding
capacity, points of resonance and greatly reduces the useful range.
The dynamic range of the SIMEAS R, caused by the high resolution of
the A/D converter of 16 bit, is greater than that of the inductive
transformers. The drop of the permeability of iron at low amplitudes and
the saturation at high ones reduces the range.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
17
Structure
Therefore, two ranges have been set up for the voltage inputs: 110 and
220 V.
Figure 2-3 shows the principle. By selecting the appropriate inputs, the
accuracy is optimized and an unnecessarily high load on the resistors is
avoided.
Input 110 V is appropriate for voltages to 200 Vrms, input 220 V to
400 Vrms.
The low-value resistor Ra closes the secondary circuit as is required of
current transformers. The voltage drop at Ra is the output signal.
simeas_r_1.tif
Figure 2-3
Input for voltage
It is demanded of the current transformer to cover a range from a few

milliamperes up to a peak value of 800 A. The range of about 10 mA to
800 A peak value is too great to be covered by a single inductive
transformer. Therefore, an inductive transformer and a Hall transformer
are included in the same housing. This Hall transformer supplies a
voltage proportional to the magnetic field of the conductor. A separate
A/D converter is connected to each of these two transformers.
The signal processor determines which transformer output is to be used
for the further data processing.
18
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2

8hprpr
8ryvr
6yvsvr
ChyyTr
D
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02_ab05e.wmf
Figure 2-4
Principle of the combined current transformer
In contrast to the inductive transformer qualified only for alternating

currents, the Hall transformer can measure direct current. This is
important for the recording of short-circuit currents. As is well known,
when a short circuit occurs, the current can show a temporary d.c.
component. This is distorted by the conventional inductive transformers.
However, the correct recording of this component can be of importance
in evaluating the effects of short circuits. For fault diagnostics and control
of the function of the protection relays, it is also important to know the
undistorted progression of the current which has occurred in these
devices. The new transformer is outstandingly qualified for this.
The input module for periodic quantities has eight inputs. All can be of the
same type, i.e. voltages (VDAU) or currents (CDAU), and there is the
mixed assembly with four voltage and four current inputs (VCDAU).
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
19
Structure
2.2.2
Signal Conditionings for Direct Voltage and Direct Current

The DDAU module is designated for process variables (20 mA, 1 V,
10 V). It includes eight DC isolation amplifiers. All inputs are isolated
against each other and against the potential of the device. A direct input
serves the measuring range 1 V, by using a voltage divider, another
input for 10 V is realized. A 50 resistor, optionally used on the unit or
externally mounted, makes available the range 20 mA.
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9
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9
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Figure 2-5
02_ab05e.wmf
Principle of DC input
External mounting guarantees that the circuit remains closed when

pulling the unit and that other measuring devices are not affected. For
voltages higher than 10 V, a divider has to be connected appropriate to
the voltage level.
20
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
2.2.3
Signal Conditioning for Binary Signals

Each DAU has 16 state inputs for binary signal acquisition. The special
BDAU which has no analog inputs has 32 such inputs. Each is connected
via bipolar optocouplers (see Figure 2-6). Therefore, it is not required to
observe the polarity of the signals.
By appropriate placement of resistors, one of four voltage ranges is set
up. At nominal voltage the input current amounts to 1.5 mA. To
guarantee correct functioning for such a low current even if there is no
optimum isolation of the signal contacts and cable, the lower limits (low
level) are selected sufficiently high.
With suitable series resistors, the binary input can be set to the following
4 input voltages:
Table 2-2
Voltage ranges of the binary inputs
Input voltage
L level
H level
Maximum continuous
level
without defect
Series resistors
24 V
12 V
18 V
110 V
7k5/0.6 W
48 60 V
24 V
36 V
220 V
15k/1 W
110 125 V
48 V
75 V
220 V
33k/0.6 W
220 V
96 V
165 V
300 V
75k/0.6 W
At nominal input voltage, the input current is 1.5 mA.

The sampling frequency is a constant 2 kHz. A filter with a time constant
of 500 s prevents high-frequency and transient interference. An
additional software filter function prevents multiple recording of events by
contact bouncing when used as a binary recorder.
,QSXW
02_ab05e.wmf
Figure 2-6
Principle of the binary inputs
Note:
For further information on this topic refer to the manual for OSCOP P.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
21
Structure
2.2.4
Features of the Individual Acquisition Units (DAUs)
VCDAU
(Voltage/Current
Data Acquisition
Unit)
8 analog (4 x voltage/4 x current) and 16 binary channels
CDAU
(Current Data
Acquisition Unit)
8 analog (8 x current) and 16 binary channels
VDAU
(Voltage Data
Acquisition Unit)
8 analog (8 x voltage) and 16 binary channels
BDAU
(Binary Data
Acquisition Unit)
32 binary channels
DDAU
(DC Data
Acquisition Unit)
8 analog (8 x process values) and 16 binary channels
Operation Mode
Up to 4 DAUs (with device variant ZE 32/64) can be connected to the

CPU. The connection is established via a high-speed 16 Mbyte/s bus.
The CPU co-ordinates all DAUs. Synchronization, parameterization and
data inquiry of the DAUs is made via the high-speed data interface.
The unit is used for the recording of current/voltage and binary channels.
It is typically used to monitor a feeder or a transformer field. The
calculated values are derived from the input signals current and voltage.
In two different networks e.g. 4 voltages and 4 currents can be monitored.
In a three-wire or four-wire network the active and reactive power is
calculated as well.
The unit is used for the recording of currents and binary channels. It is
typically used to record two feeders. In conjunction with a VCDAU for
recording the busbar voltage the powers can be computed as well.
The unit is used for the recording of voltages and binary channels. It is
typically used to record busbar voltages. In conjunction with the CDAU
the powers can be computed as well.
The unit is used whenever a great number of binary inputs are required.
The unit is used to record process values, e.g. 4 20 mA, or DC

voltages, e.g. 10 V DC. In conjunction with a DC voltage divider a voltage
up to 400 V can be processed.
Note:
The user can freely select the individual units and install them in the
device. If a DAU (e.g. CDAU) is pulled, the terminals are automatically
shorted to avoid damage to the connected current transformer.
22
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
2.2.5
Time Synchronization of the Data Acquisition Units

Within a single DAU, all measuring channels are synchronously
sampled. This is guaranteed by equipping each measurement input with
its own analog/digital converter and by sampling all of them
synchronously using the same clock signal.
To synchronize the units among one another, the central processing unit
CPU transfers every second the complete date and time information via
bus to all DAUs. The instant of this transfer may fluctuate slightly due to
the function of the processor and the execution of the software. For this
reason, the CPU emits additionally, exactly at each full second, a pulse
to the synchronization input of each DAU, indicating the exact instant for
which the transferred time is valid. Therefore, all units have the identical
time.
When storing the collected measured quantities, a block of Fourier
coefficients is filed for each system cycle enabling the exact
reconstruction of the curves of this cycle. To correctly reconstruct,
combine and relate the periodic curves originating from different DAUs,
they receive additional information on the time for which they are valid
and on the respective period.
Figure 2-7 shows how this is done. At first, using the number packets (1)
the shape of the individual cycles is determined (2). If they originate from
different devices they can also show different times t1 = 7045120 s and
t2 = 7040100 s. The difference of both times (a = 5020) is determined
and the second curve displaced in such a way that it is synchronous with
the first. Now, the times of the zero passage are determined to derive
from those, for example, the phase angle between the two curves.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
23
Structure
simeas_r_5.tif
Figure 2-7
2.2.6
Reconstruction of the curve shape and phase relation
Real-Time Synchronization
The device includes a clock which continues running in case of voltage
failure. It runs with an error of less than 5010-6.
Table 2-3
Timing error for free-running clock
Period
Error
Day
4.3 seconds
Week
30.2 seconds
Month
15 minutes
Year
3 hours
Different methods can be used to synchronize the internal clock with an

external time generator via control input 1 (synchronization) of the CPU,
terminals 7B1(+) and 7B2(-).
24
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Minute Pulse
The clock is set to the next full minute by receiving a pulse from a central
master clock. Pulse input is the control input 1 (synchronization) of the
CPU, terminals 7B1(+) and 7B2(-). The point of synchronization is the
start of the pulse signal. The pulse must have a duration between 200 ms
and one second. However, this type of synchronization cannot be used
with greater deviations or time changes as required, for example, when
changing to daylight saving time. It offers two synchronization modes:
q
q
Time Message
Error Handling
SYNC-BOX initialization:
The CPU reads the DCF77 signals and uses them to produce date
and time of day. In addition, it outputs the second pulse of the SYNCBOX to the DAUs.
SYNC-BOX operation:
The CPU outputs the second pulse of the SYNC-BOX to the DAUs.
The CPU receives every minute the current time from the minute pulse
or from the SYNC-BOX. The real-time clock is set according to this value.
This compensation takes place only if no fault is processed just then.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Minute pulse operation:

The CPU outputs the second pulse of the real-time clock to the DAUs.
However, it is also possible to connect a synchronization box to the

control input which hands over a message with complete date and time
information. It supplies a time message which is derived from a DCF77
or IRIG B receiver. A GPS receiver can be used as separate
synchronization unit. The error is dependent on the type of receiver. The
synchronization box can supply several devices simultaneously. In this
case there are also two states possible:
Compensation of
the Real-time Clock
Minute pulse initialization:

The CPU outputs date, time of day and the second pulse of the realtime clock to the DAUs.
Synchronization failure:
In case of failure of the external synchronization, the DAUs continue
running with the internal second pulse of the DAUs. The failure is
displayed with a LED and recorded to the log file with the status signal
SYNCHRONIZATION FAILURE / MISSING. A failure is present if
the time information has not been received for at least ten minutes.
Synchronization recovery:
In case of recovery the status signal SYNCHRONIZATION
SUCCESSFUL is given to the log file. The CPU goes into the
initialization state of the synchronization.
25
Structure
Message Interchange between

SIMEAS R and Synchronization Box
Table 2-4
Byte No.
Request time, from SIMEAS R to synchronization box

Number of bytes
Contents
Comments
STX
Start signal
Command
CS
Checksum
ETX
End signal
Table 2-5
Byte No.
Answer: time of synchronization box

Number of bytes
Contents
Comments
STX
Start signal
Identifier
Day of the month
1 31
Month
1 12
Year
With century
Hour
0 23
Minute
0 59
Second
0 59
10
Millisecond
0 999
12
Daylight saving time
0 = standard time, 1 = daylight saving time
13
Days of the week
1 7, 1 = Monday
14
Checksum
15
ETX
Table 2-6
Byte No.
End signal
Answer: fault message of synchronization box

Number of bytes
Contents
Comments
STX
Start signal
NAK
Negative acknowledgement
ETX
End signal
Explanation:
The checksum is calculated as sum modulo 256 of all bytes, except STX,
ETX and the checksum itself.
If no fault is present, the synchronization box answers within one millisecond after receiving the request message. The transferred time is valid
from the beginning of the start bit of the first byte in the time message.
26
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Communication
2.3
Communication
The communication processor of the central processing unit includes

several interfaces for local communication and telecommunication.
2.3.1
COM 1, the Data Interface

COM1 is a serial interface according to V.24 or RS 232 C standard on the
rear of the housing.
It can be operated with baud rates from 300 115 200 (maximum cable
length 5 m) and is qualified for the connection of an external data
transmission device. It is possible to operate an analog modem
externally. A direct connection to another data terminal is also possible
via a null modem connection. The function of this interface is the
transmission of measured data.
2.3.2
COM S, the Service Interface

COM S is a serial interface according to V.28 or RS 232 C standard,
however, without control lines. The three data lines enable operation only
via software handshake. The baud rate is 19200. It is accessible via the
front panel and is used as a servicing interface. It enables on-site
parameter setting with the help of a notebook.
2.3.3
PCCard Slot 0
This slot can be used for a standard PCCard data transmission unit.
However, it must be approved by the manufacturer for use in the
SIMEAS R to guarantee correct functioning and to avoid damage to the
equipment.
Available devices are:
q
q
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Analog modem according to V.21, V.22, V.32, V.34 and V.90 for longdistance data transmission and remote service. Connection setup is
possible according to Hayes as well as V.25bis.
ETHERNET LAN adapter for twisted pair, possibility to connect an
external optical fiber adapter. Usable for LAN and WAN connections
(Local Area Network according to IEEE 802.3, Wide Area Network).
27
Structure
Connecting options of the SIMEAS R for data transmission via PCCard

in Slot 0:
Connection to an analog telephone network via PCCard

For an analog telephone network, a PCCard 2.1 type TT board with
V.90 is used. This board has all European certifications and supports
transmission rates up to 56 kbps. Via the other COM interfaces it is
possible to connect an external modem or, for example, a dedicated
line for data transmission.
Creation of a 10 Mbit LAN for the SIMEAS R system

Using a LAN PCCard, the network connection is to be set up between
several SIMEAS R acquisition units and a centralized fault data
instrument DAKON. TCP/IP is used as communication protocol.
Connection to an existing LAN

The integration into an existing LAN is possible using a LAN PCCard.
2.3.4
Keyboard and LED Interface

The interface scans the membrane keyboard in the front and serves to
input simple commands such as manual start.
It controls the LEDs which display operating and failure states.
2.3.5
Printer Port
The parallel interface LPT1 is available to connect a printer. Any printer
qualified for PostScript level 2 or higher can be used to graphically and
automatically reproduce recordings of the analog fault recorder.
28
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Power Supply
2.4
Power Supply
The voltage supply of the SIMEAS R is made via one of the two following
power supply units:
q
q
DC voltage range 24 60 VDC

DC voltage range 110 250 VDC and AC voltage range
115 230 VAC
Memory Capacitors
Memory capacitors permit continuous functioning of the equipment in

case of sudden voltage failure for at least 1 sec. In this way a controlled
reset is achieved.
Battery-backed
Power Supply
Optionally, the power supply can be equipped with a battery block. The
batteries permit an operation of about 10 min. without external voltage
supply. The battery block is charged automatically and subjected to an
automatic load test once every week. This guarantees the storage
capacity for several years and the memory effect of the battery is
prevented.
Use of the battery-backed version is recommended in cases where an
unsafe supply is used and also for data acquisition in case of failure of
the substation batteries.
Front panel
Oper. voltage
.
+20V
Rear panel
Changeover unit
DC
Shut-down relay
Batt_RelOn
AC/DC
Battery
load test
Batt_Test
Batt_Low
Charge
unit
Voltage
comparator
Batt_Maint
Type A:
Type B
Typ B:
100-230V
AC/DC
Si.
NiCd
battery
PU type
NT_Type
Batt_Charg
Power
Power switch
Battery-backed power unit PUb

01_HC10e.wmf
Figure 2-8
Block diagram of power supply with battery-backed UPS
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
29
Structure
2.5
Operating System
Operating System
The 32-bit real-time multitasking system VxWorks is used for the

SIMEAS R. It enables the central processing unit to manage several
different tasks at the same time.
The multitasking system guarantees that time-critical events are handled
without delay. This way it is possible to remotely transmit the data on one
hand while at the same time collecting other data from the signal
conditioning, managing date and time, performing self-monitoring, and
processing the operating and display elements.
Firmware
The system software is stored on the mass storage. The system software
(firmware) is that program which holds the actual measurement and
evaluation algorithm of the SIMEAS R.
Note:
The system firmware can be updated or upgraded with the system
software OSCOP P by connecting an external notebook to any
communication interface at any time.
30
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Housing Options
2.6
Housing Options
Structure
There are two different structures of the SIMEAS R available.

19" rack with 1 DAU slot, housing for rack mounting or panelsurface mounting
1 x 19" rack with 4 DAU slots, housing for rack mounting or panelsurface mounting
Slot 1 is occupied by the CPU, the last slot in each rack by the power
supply. The various DAUs (Data Acquisition Unit) may be installed in the
remaining slots.
The units are vertically mounted in the rack and can be easily replaced
from the front. The connection terminals are on the back of the rack.
View
The example shows the front and rear view of a 19" rack.
Manual start, lock, test
Signalling inputs and

outputs
ON/OFF
Integrated LAN
Supply
connection
LEDs
Front interface
Analog and
binary channels
Interfaces for printer

and external modem
01_HC11e.wmf
Figure 2-9
1/
2
inch SIMEAS R equipment: Front and rear view
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
31
Structure
2.6.1
Connections for Electric Serial Interfaces
Connections
For connection 9-pin SUB-D connectors at the front of the SIMEAS R are
used. The SUB-D connector assignment is given in section 11.7.
simeas_r_7.gif
Figure 2-10 9-pin SUB-D interface at the front of the SIMEAS R
Connectors
32
Any standard 9-pin SUB-D connector may be used.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Housing Options
2.6.2
Connections for Electric Parallel Interfaces
Connections
For connection 25-pin SUB-D sockets at the rear of the SIMEAS R are
used. The SUB-D socket assignment is given in section 11.7.
simeas_r_8.tif
Figure 2-11 25-pin SUB-D interface at the rear of the SIMEAS R
Connectors
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Any standard 25-pin SUB-D connector may be used.
33
Structure
34
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Method of Measurement
This chapter describes the various methods of measurement used in the

SIMEAS R.
Contents
Sampling and Analog/Digital Conversion
36
3.2
Calculation of Derived Quantities
37
3.3
Power Measurement
41
3.4
Data Compression
42
3.5
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
3.1
Triggers
43
35
3.1
Sampling and Analog/Digital Conversion
Resolution
The analog measured quantities are sampled and converted into digital
values with a resolution of 16 bit, i.e. 65536 points. Thus, for each polarity
there are 32768 points available. This unusually high resolution, one
point corresponds to 15 10-6, gives the device a high response.
Analog/Digital
Converter
The analog/digital converter functions according to the Sigma-Delta

principle. This method uses a single-bit converter. Its output adjusts so
that the mean value of pulses and intervals is equal to the input signal.
Therefore, such a high degree of linearity is guaranteed as is prerequisite
for a resolution of 16 bits. Decisive for the accuracy is a precision voltage
source. Such devices are available as integrated components. To record
all measuring points at the same instant, a separate analog/digital
converter is available for each input. Thus, the phase relations between
the individual inputs are uniquely specified.
Zero-frequency
Quantities
The sampling frequency for zero-frequency quantities is constant. For

periodic quantities, it is adjusted to the respective system frequency and
amounts to 12.8 kHz at 50 Hz or 15.36 kHz at 60 Hz. If the device is
equipped with DDAUs only, the following increments can be set: 10 kHz,
1 kHz, 100 Hz, 0.1 Hz. If the device measures periodic quantities as well,
the sampling frequency is 10 kHz.
Periodic Quantities
Periodic quantities are sampled with 60 Hz, 50 Hz or 16 2/3 Hz depending

on the configuration.
Oversampling
Therefore, the type of A/D converter used includes an oversampling

function. Instead of sampling each measuring point only once, this is
done with 64-fold frequency. The mean value is calculated from the
quantities measured, thus filtering small fluctuations. This method also
avoids the risk of the occurrence of alias frequencies. Signals with
apparent frequencies (so-called alias frequencies) originate if signals
greater than half the sampling frequency are included in the measured
quantity. Figure 3-1 shows the sampling times with a broken line, the
signal having too large a frequency with a thin line, and the apparent
signal with a thick line.
simeas_r_9.tif
Figure 3-1
36
Alias frequency
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
3.2
Signal Processor
Derived quantities are to be calculated from the recorded measured

quantities. For the extensive calculations, which all have to be executed
in real time, a powerful signal processor is included on each input
module, which can execute about 33 million floating-point operations per
second.
Fourier
Transformation
Instead of storing the great number of sampling values in the memory,

there are 256 per period and input, a fast Fourier transformation (FFT) is
executed first. The result furnishes for the fundamental mode and each
significant harmonic of each input one number each for the real part and
another for the imaginary part. For the FFT there are 256 sampling points
per period available. In this way the coefficients are determined, including
steady component and harmonics. In this way it is possible to achieve a
marked data reduction and, in addition, the numerical values are much
better suited for further calculations than the individual sampling values.
The following equations are valid for the determination of the calculated
quantities:
3.2.1
Voltage
The root-mean-square value of the voltage is calculated from the 256
sampling points of a cycle or, for triggering, from the 128 sampling points
of a half-cycle:
n
U rms =
1
2
-- u
n
1
3.2.2
Current
The root-mean-square value of the current is determined as for the
voltage:
n
I rms =
1 2
-- i
n
1
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37
3.2.3
Active Power
The active power is calculated from the real and imaginary part of the
Fourier coefficients of all harmonics up to the sixteenth. Ure and Ire are
the real parts, Uim and Iim are the imaginary parts of voltage and current.
16
P =
( ( Ure,n Ire,n ) + ( Uim,n Iim,n ) )

n=1
3.2.4
Reactive Power
For the reactive power:
16
Q =
( ( U re,n I im,n ) + ( U im,n I im,n ) )
n=1
3.2.5
Apparent Power
The apparent power is the product of the root-mean-square values of
voltage and current:
S = U eff I eff
3.2.6
Power Factor
The active factor is used as power factor:
cos 1 =
38
P
S
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3.2.7
Negative-sequence System from the Line-to-ground Voltages
A2 + B 2
Uinv =
2
2
A = U 1E + U 2 E cos 12 + U 3 E cos 13 +
3
3
2
2
B = U 2 E sin 12 + + U 3 E sin 13
3
3
3.2.8
Negative-sequence System from the Line-to-line Voltages
Uinv = U
1 3 6
1+ 3 6
where
3.2.9
4
4
4
U 12 + U 23 + U 31
2
2
2
(U 12 + U 23 + U 31 ) 2
Positive-sequence System from the Line-to-line Voltages
Unrm = C 2 + D 2
2
2
C = U 1E + U 2 E cos 12 + + U 3 E cos 13
3
3
2
2
D = U 2 E sin 12 + + U 3 E sin 13
3
3
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39
3.2.10 Positive-sequence System from the Line-to-line Voltages

U12, U23, U31 are the root-mean-square values
4
4
4
2
2
2
Unrm = 6(U 12 + U 23 + U 31 ) 2(U 12 + U 23 + U 31 ) 2
3.2.11 Weighted Harmonic Distortion
DW =
1 M 2 2
n xn
M n=2
xn = 1
x = voltage or current
n = harmonic order
M = number of harmonics, 40 according to standard
3.2.12 Unweighted Harmonic Distortion
DUW =
1 M 2
x
M n=2 n
1 M 2
x
M n =1 n
3.2.13 Root-mean-square Values of the Harmonic
H = Uren 2 + Uimn 2
40
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Power Measurement
3.3
Power Measurement
To measure the power, it is not required to combine voltage inputs with

current inputs of the same DAU. On the contrary, quadruplets of voltage
inputs and quadruplets of current inputs can be arbitrarily combined with
each other to calculate powers and power factor.
According to the type of transformer connected, the following is used for
a three-phase connection: three voltages and currents each (four-wire
connection), two each (three-wire connection) or all four individually for
independent single-phase systems.
VCDAU
U1-E
U2-E
U3-E
UE-N
I1
I2
I3
IN
CDAU
I1
I2
I3
IN
I1
I2
I3
IN
Calculation
P1
Q1
LF1
P2
Q2
LF2
P3
Q3
LF3
02_ab09e.wmf
Figure 3-2
SIMEAS R Manual
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Combination of DAUs for power calculation in four-wire connection
41
3.4
Data Compression
Fourier
Transformation
By using the fast Fourier transformation, the volume of data is drastically

reduced. Instead of 256 measured values per cycle there are now only
two for each significant harmonic. A harmonic is significant if its
amplitude amounts to at least 1 per mille of the root-mean-square value
of the fundamental mode.
Thus, for a purely sinusoidal shape, a reduction from 256 numerical
values of 16 bit each to two numerical values of 32 bit each plus a time
information of 32 bit is required for each period. This is a compression by
about 98%. Each additional harmonic present lowers the result.
Table 8 lists the compressibility factors and the degree of compression of
the data for a selected number of harmonics. The data in column three
indicates the compression with respect to the original volume. In the
column number of harmonics the fundamental mode is included every
time.
Table 3-1
Compression for different number of harmonics
Number of harmonics
Compressibility
factor
Compression to %
43.5
2.3
G+1
25.6
3.9
G+3
18.2
5.5
G+5
10.6
9.4
G+10
5.8
17.2
G+50
1,25
80.0
Comments
Fundamental mode
only
Maximum harmonic
Legend:
Compressibility factor
The ratio of the compressed volume of data

to the original volume of data
Compression to the %
The remaining volume of data in percent of

original volume
The compressed data is used for storage as well as for remote

transmission. This means an increase in memory capacity just as in
speed of teletransmission.
Figure 3-3 shows how the original volume of data can be reduced as a
function of the number of harmonics included in the frequency spectrum.
Beginning with the 63rd harmonic the compression stops and changes
into expansion. However, this can only take place if the measured signal
includes abrupt changes (higher frequencies).
42
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Triggers
simeas_r_10.tif
Figure 3-3
3.5
Data compression as a function of the number of harmonics
Triggers
The trigger functions described in the following are realized by the

software of the DAUs or the CPU. They are applied to the measured and
calculated quantities given in the respective functionalities.Table 3-2
contains the measured and calculated quantities and the respective
triggers possible.
Table 3-2
Application of triggers to measured and calculated quantities
Quantity
Min
M/t
Max
Gradient
Alternating voltage
Alternating current
Active power
Reactive power
Frequency
Positive-sequence
system
Negative-sequence
system
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43
3.5.1
Level Trigger Min/Max

Level triggers monitor the measured quantities on compliance with limits.
Triggering occurs as soon as the measured quantity leaves the
permissible range. If a measured quantity reaches exactly the value of
the limit, it is possible that repeated undesirable triggering can be caused
by the most minor fluctuations. This is prevented by introducing a 2%
hysteresis.
simeas_r_10.tif
Figure 3-4
Function of the level triggers Min and Max
Sequence Control
The sequence control system sees to it that when a limit violation occurs,
the recording continues as long as this state is present, however, at least
as long as the minimum run time tmin and at most the maximum run time
tmax. Both times can be parameterized.
A trigger still remaining after the maximum run time has expired will be
locked and released again only if the measured quantity has returned into
the normal range.
The trigger function takes into account the sign of the measured quantity,
not its absolute value. For example, if a minimum limit has been set to 50, the trigger will respond as soon as the measured quantity passes this
value in the negative direction. In doing so, the absolute value of the
measured quantity exceeds the limit.
Therefore, the minimum trigger is not applicable to the progress of the
instantaneous value of measured quantities of alternating currents. For
this reason the root-mean-square values of the periodic quantities are
used in the SIMEAS R.
44
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Triggers
simeas_r_13.tif
Figure 3-5
Root-mean-square values of the half-cycle
Figure 3-5 shows a piece of the curve together with the associated rootmean-square values of the half-cycles. The latter are represented as
hatched rectangles. It can be seen that each root-mean-square value is
not available before the end of a half-cycle. Only half of the drop of the
signal in the middle of the half-cycle 2 is included in following root-meansquare value.
The final value is only reached in the root-mean-square value of the halfcycle 3. Therefore, the trigger function recognizes a limit violation with a
delay of up to 20 ms.
What has been described in the figure for a drop of the signal is also true
for a rise. However, the delay of the start of a recording does not lead to
a loss of information since the pre-event history is much larger.
For electrical system quantities, the level trigger is of less importance for
the use in fault recorders as, on the one hand, it responds also to slowly
occurring limit violations which are no reason for fault recording, on the
other it is not suited to recognize small deviations.
A short circuit at a larger distance can cause a small drop of the voltage
at the measuring point without violating the normal lower operating limit.
The level trigger is useful in detecting ground faults in systems with an
isolated or inductively grounded star point or as an element of a logical
trigger.
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45
3.5.2
Trigger for Abrupt Changes M/t

In contrast to the level trigger, the M/t trigger reacts to abrupt changes
of the root-mean-square value of a periodic quantity and can be set to
arbitrary sensitivity.
As is true for level triggers, the root-mean-square value is measured in
half-cycles. In this case, however, the difference is determined to the
measured quantity of the preceding half-cycle with same phase angle
and this difference is compared with the limit. For example, inFigure 3-6
shown with horizontal to horizontal and diagonal to diagonal hatch marks.
This is necessary to recognize a limit violation as has been expected.
If an abrupt change occurs in the middle of the half-cycle, only half of it is
included in the root-mean-square value of that half-cycle, the other half
in the root-mean-square value of the following. The example in Figure 36 shows that a limit of 20 V is not exceeded even though the abrupt
change amounts to a total of 30 V if directly following half-cycles would
be compared to each other. Instead of an abrupt change of 30 V there
would be two of 15 V each recognized.
The value t of this function is always equal to the period of the system
frequency. For parameterization the quantity M is always specified in
units of the respective measured quantity.
simeas_r_14.tif
Figure 3-6
46
Function of the M/t trigger
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Triggers
3.5.3
Gradient Trigger M/t

For DC applications as well as for frequency and power measurements,
the gradient trigger is frequently used. It has to filter short-time
fluctuations which occur particularly in frequency measurements.
Figure 3-7 shows a typical progression of the system frequency. The
sliding average is formed using the parameterizable time tm. The
difference M to the mean value behind in time by t results in the
expression M/t whose value is equal to the average gradient (dashed
line). The quantities tm and t can be parameterized. Thus, a sensitive
adjustment to the measuring task becomes possible.
t is the filter time, tm the averaging time.
simeas_r_15.tif
Figure 3-7
SIMEAS R Manual
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Function of the gradient trigger
47
3.5.4
Trigger for Negative-sequence System

Unbalanced load of the three phases of a three-phase system will result
in voltage unsymmetries. This means that the three voltages or the phase
angles between them do not comply. Each unsymmetrical three-phase
system can, however, be broken down into two symmetrical systems
(see Figure 3-8). The rotation sense of one phase is correct, which is
the positive-sequence system, the other one rotates in the opposite
direction, which is the negative-sequence system. With three-phase
engines this does not only affect the output power, but will lead to greater
losses and may cause overheating. The latter also applies to generators.
In order to avoid supply failures and damage, it must be recognized, if the
positive-sequence system shows inadmissibly high values.
simeas_r_57.tif
Figure 3-8
Unsymmetrical three-phase system broken down into positive-sequence and

negative-sequence systems
The mathematical calculation of the symmetrical components is based

on the absolute value and the angle of the two systems (see formulas).
Triggering, however, refers only to the degree of asymmetry, not to its
angle.
3.5.5
External Trigger
By a voltage at the signal input external start, a recording of the fault
recorder is initiated which continues as long as the signal is present,
however, the maximum is 10 seconds.
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Triggers
3.5.6
Binary Trigger
For binary signals the change of state of the inputs serves as trigger
criterion. New, back to normal, or both changes of state can be used.
The sequence control system sees to it that when a limit violation occurs,
the recording continues as long as the state remains, however, at least
for the minimum run time tmin and at most for the maximum run time tmax.
Both times can be parameterized.
A trigger still remaining after the maximum run time has expired will be
locked and released again only if the measured quantity has returned into
the normal range.
3.5.7
Logical Pattern with Triggers

Trigger functions of the fault recorder can be combined to each other with
logical AND operations to realize mutual dependencies. If a trigger
function is used in the logical operation then it is alone no longer
effective. A typical application is to differentiate between the shutdown of
a feeder by tripping on faults and a manual shutdown and not to start a
recording for the latter.
The following can be used for the logical operation:
q
q
q
Level trigger Min, level trigger Max

Trigger M/t , M/t
Binary trigger L and H
As soon as one of the triggers included in the logic module responds, a

time window is opened. It can be set in steps of 20, 16, 67 or 60 ms,
according to system frequency, up to a maximum of one second. Each
event occurring during this period will be accounted for. At the end of the
window the logical operation is evaluated. If the result is true, the
recording is performed with the run time tlogic.
It is possible to parameterize and store a total of eight examples with
eight start selectors each as trigger criterion.
Examples:
Voltage M/t
Voltage Min
Voltage M/t
SIMEAS R Manual
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AND
AND
AND
current Max
True
current Max
True
binary protection activatedTrue
49
simeas_r_58.tif
Figure 3-9
Triggering with logical operations
Figure 3-9 shows how four trigger functions are combined to a logical
trigger. The four triggers U1max, U2min, I3max and Bin1 do not individually
lead to an operation. This is only the case if all four occur within the
selected time window. Bin2 and Bin4 work alone, Bin3 is not activated.
The logical operation is to avoid unnecessary recordings. However, its
application requires much care and consideration. The recording of a
fault recorder is of the greatest importance in those cases where a
process is handled differently to what was expected, possibly because a
protection relay failed. It is very easy to loose the recording of such a
process by choosing the logical conditions too restrictively.
50
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Functional Specification
This chapter gives you an overview of the functions and operating modes
of the SIMEAS R.
Contents
Fault Recorder
52
4.2
System Quality and Mean Value Recorder
64
4.3
67
4.4
Binary Recorder
72
4.5
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4.1
System Messages and Self-monitoring
74
51
4.1
Fault Recorder
In this application the SIMEAS R serves to record system disturbances.

These are short circuits, ground faults, and double-line-to-ground faults.
They are characterized by an abrupt occurrence and disappearance
requiring only short-time recording. It is, for example, for a single-pole
fault, which may last for hours, only of interest to record the beginning
and end.
4.1.1
Operating Modes
As a fault recorder the SIMEAS R offers three operating modes:
q
q
q
Normal mode
Locked mode
Test mode
These can be selected at the keyboard on the front of the device. Remote
control is also possible with the OSCOP P Software.
Storage for
512 samples
(2 periods )
8 * trigger evaluation
10 ms
Trigger comparison
U / I min
U / I max
Trigger comparison
rate of change
rising
falling
1 * run time
8 * anti-hunt delay
10 ms
10 ms
10 ms
A trigger signal during

an active anti-hunt
delay does not cause:
- trigger entry
- start of the run times
10 ms
10 ms
10 ms
Trigger comparison
Pos.-sequence system
Neg.-sequence system
10 ms
10 ms
10 ms
Record control/stop
20 ms
The anti-hunt delay is

extended by new trigger
signals
20 ms
Trigger entry
Database
Data compression
Record control/stop
Trigger entry
1 ms
0.5 ms
Binary channel
Trigger comparison
High, Low,
ToHigh
,
ToLow HighLow
,
16 * anti-hunt delay
8 * Trigger evaluation
Fault recorder (8/16)
1
1 * run time
The anti-hunt delays
01_HC05e.wmf
Figure 4-1
52
Principle of the fault recorder functionality, trigger function and trigger hold-off
SIMEAS R Manual
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Fault Recorder
Normal Mode
In the normal mode all functions and triggers are active. If a limit violation
occurs, the recording is made with pre-event history, fault response and
post-event history.
The trigger cause and the time are stored together with the header data.
Dependent on parameterization, other SIMEAS R, connected via LAN,
are triggered. The signalling relay recording event picks up.
Locked Mode
In the locked mode no trigger event will initiate a recording. All triggers
are inactive, the signalling relay is not triggered. The device is only active
when used as system quality recorder and mean value recorder.
This operating mode is selected to avoid unnecessary recordings in
those cases where maintenance work has to be done at feeders
connected to the SIMEAS R.
Testing Mode
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
In the testing mode all functions and triggers are active as in the normal
mode. However, the recorded events always include the entry Test as
cause. The signalling relay recording event does not pick up. This
operating mode is selected to check the SIMEAS R.
53
4.1.2
Processing of Measured and Calculated Quantities
Recording
The fault recorder can record, dependent on the components installed,

the time characteristics of alternating voltages and alternating currents. It
is also possible to record direct voltage or direct current signals, e.g. for
the exciting current of a generator. In addition, binary signals can be
acquired which record additional information, e.g. from protection relays.
Cyclic Storage
The measured quantities are continuously acquired and are made

available in a cyclic storage with a capacity of one second as pre-event
history. Complete recordings, consisting of pre-event and post-event
history, are filed in compressed form.
Frequency
To control the measured-value acquisition, the frequency is determined.

For this the device looks for an input with sufficiently high signal level and
measures the period of the filtered signal. For this the zero passages are
determined by interpolation between adjacent sampling points.
Scanning
Frequency
After additional filtering, the frequency measurement result serves to

control the scanning frequency which for alternating voltage and current
amounts to 256 times the system frequency.
Positive/negativesequence System
When connecting a three-phase system, the three line-to-ground

voltages and the three line currents are used each to calculate the
positive- and negative-sequence system. However, these quantities are
used only for triggering.
Four-wire Network
In a four-wire system the quantities UE-N and IN may be computed

optionally from the voltages UL1-E, UL2-E and UL3-E, and IN from the
currents IL1, IL2 and IL3, instead of connecting the respective signals to the
inputs.
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Fault Recorder
simeas_r_18.tif
Figure 4-2
Connection to four-wire system with transformer
Figure 4-2 shows the connection to a four-wire system via voltage and
current transformer where the voltage UE-N and IN is taken from the
transformers.
Three-wire System
If the fault recorder is employed in a three-wire system, it is possible to

use the line-to-line voltages instead of the line-to-ground voltages.
simeas_r_18.tif
Figure 4-3
Connection to three-wire system without transformer
Figure 4-3 shows an example for a three-wire connection where no

transformers are used for the voltages in this example.
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55
4.1.3
Trigger Functions
The trigger functions used with measured quantities of the fault recorder
are listed in Table 4-1. Input signals are used for voltage, current and the
binary signals and not the calculated quantities.
External Trigger
Table 4-1
In addition, external triggering is possible via a control input of the CPU

as well as manual triggering.
Triggers of the fault recorder
Measured
quantity
Level max.
M/t
Level min.
M/t
AC voltage
PositiveX
sequence system
NegativeX
sequence system
Ends
AC current
Starts
Binary signal
Manual trigger
External
M
M
t
Patterns with
Triggers
stands for measuring quantity in this connection

stands for change of the measuring quantity
change of the time
Logical patterns of triggers are used to differentiate, for example,

between a fault and a desired shutdown of the line. The following logical
patterns are possible:
q
q
q
q
Trigger Stamp of
the Fault Recording
Analog analog channels

Binary binary channels
Analog analog channels and binary binary channels
Analog binary channels
The trigger stamps are entered into the fault file. They designate the
triggering instant and the stimulating trigger cause of a DAU or an
external event.
The number of the acquisition unit, the number of the DAU, as well as a
block identifier are stored in the identification. Using the block identifier,
it is possible to differentiate between the types of data.
A trigger event of the analog fault recorder is specified by the cause, the
trigger identification and the trigger of Min, Max, dMin and dMax.
The binary trigger event is specified by the cause, the trigger
identification and the triggers of Min for the transition into the state OFF
as well as Max for the transition into the state ON.
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Fault Recorder
4.1.4
Sequence Control and Trigger Hold-off

The intelligent sequence control prevents any overflow of the memory. At
the same time, it controls the variable recording times. The maximum
recording time tmax is active at the time of the trigger and limits the
recording in case the signal progression does not return to the normal
state within this time. The minimum recording time tmin is activated when
the input signal returns to the normal state causing a minimum duration
of the recording.This is principally the case when a jump trigger M/t
responds. This time is equal to the post-event history of the signal.
Trigger Hold-off
A trigger hold-off can be set for each channel to suppress repeated

recordings in case of intermittent faults. The corresponding channel
trigger is switched inactive for the set trigger hold-off time. If this channel
is stimulated again in the trigger hold-off time, this set period
ttrigger hold-off is shifted to the start of the new fictitious trigger time (i.e. a
stimulus in the trigger hold-off time restarts the trigger hold-off time). All
other channels are not affected. The functionality can be set for each
analog or binary channel.
If a new stimulus occurs during the recording period, e.g. on the same
channel after the trigger hold-off time expires or in another channel, the
total recording time is automatically extended.
Trigger Hold-off
Periods
The trigger hold-off times ttrigger hold-off, tmin and tmax are shifted to the new
trigger line and are restarted. This means that the recording period for a
fault progression is variable.
Manual Start
With a manual start, the recording is initiated by tman. When the limits are
logically combined with one another, the recording is initiated by tlog.
Recording Times
All recording times specified are freely parameterizable.
Triggering through
Binary Input
In addition, an external start is possible. The recording takes place as

long as a voltage is supplied to this input and is limited to 10 s.
System Trigger
If several devices are connected to each other via a LAN, a start pulse
can be fed from the triggered device to the other devices via the LAN.
SIMEAS R Manual
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57
4.1.4.1
Examples of the Intelligent Sequence Control
Case 1 Sequence
with tmin
1) Pre-event history = 150 ms

2) Trigger M/t, short-time level trigger or binary trigger, 50 ms
3) tmin = 300 ms
a
1
Trigger
Procedur
Figure 4-4 Intelligent sequence control, Case 1
a) Trigger recognized, sequence and tmax starts

b) Trigger ends, tmin starts
c) End of recording, because tmin expired,
tmax was not exceeded
total sequence time 1 + 2 + 3 = 500 ms
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Fault Recorder
Case 2 Sequence
with tmax

2) Level trigger or binary trigger, 750 ms
3) tmax = 500 ms
7ULJJHU
3URFHGXUH

c) End of recording, because tmax expired,
c) tmin remains unaccounted for because sequence already ended before
trigger signal ends
total sequence time 1 + 3 = 650 ms
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59
Case 3 Sequence
with tmin with
Retriggering

2) Trigger M/t, short-time level trigger or
binary trigger, 100 ms
3) tmin = 450 ms
4) Interval = 200 ms
tmax = 2000 ms
a
1
b
2
c
4
Trigger
e
Procedure
1
3
3

b) Trigger ends, tmin starts
c) After 200 ms retrigger, tmax starts
d) Trigger ends, tmin starts again
e) End of recording, because tmin expired,
tmax was not exceeded
total sequence time 1 + 2 + 4 + 2 + 3 = 1000 ms
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Fault Recorder
Case 4 Sequence
with Retriggering,
Trigger Hold-off
Takes Effect

4) tmin = 300 ms
5) Trigger hold-off = 600 ms
tmax = 2000 ms
a
1
b
2
Trigger
d
Procedure
1
4
5
Trigger hold-off
Anti-hunt period
a) Trigger recognized, sequence, tmax and trigger hold-off time starts

b) Trigger signal ends, tmin starts
c) Retrigger signal, no effect, since trigger hold-off time has not expired
d) tmin expired, end of the recording
e) Trigger signal ends, no effect
total sequence time 1 + 2 + 4 = 650 ms
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61
Case 5 Sequence
with Retriggering,
Trigger Hold-off
Does not Take
Effect

4) tmin = 400 ms
5) Trigger hold-off = 250 ms
tmax = 2000 ms
a
c
2
Trigger
e
Procedure
4
1
5
Anti-hunt periode
a) Trigger recognized, sequence, tmax and trigger hold-off time starts

b) Trigger signal ends, tmin starts
c) Retrigger signal, tmax and trigger hold-off time starts again
d) Trigger signal ends
e) tmin expired, end of recording
total sequence time 1 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 4 = 1450 ms
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Fault Recorder
4.1.5
Memory Utilization
Fault File
The data of every fault event are recorded in a separate fault file. The
length is variable, it is dependent on the duration of the fault. The data
are filed in compressed form with date and time of day. For each DAU
there is a data record.
Cyclic Storage
The fault files are organized as cyclic storage. If the storage becomes full
the oldest files are overwritten. Each of the data records is preceded by
a statistical information (header) which guarantees the allocation to
event, measuring channel and time. This header also includes the trigger
instant and the stimulating trigger condition of a DAU or an external event
with start and end of the recording.
Starting and
Ending Times
Starting and ending times of the internal timer are given for the fault
recording. The duration of the recording is separately reported.
Assumption for a
Fault
(maximum value unpacked):

Line spectrum: 128 8 byte = 1024 bytes
One DAU has 8 channels 8 1024 byte = 8192 bytes
For 25 cycles a 20 ms 25 8 kbyte = 200 Kbyte
Acquisition unit with 4 DAUs 4 200 Kbyte = 800 Kbyte for the duration
of the fault
Data Compression
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
As a rule, the volume of data of the spectral lines is reduced by data

compression to less than 5%.
63
4.2
The system quality and mean value recorder functionality serves

primarily to record the system quality. The measured quantities are
averaged from root-mean-square values over a selectable time and
continually stored.
Storage for
256 samples
(1 period )
20ms
RMS value
Total values
U, I, P, Q, pos.neg., f
,
20ms
Mean value
based on tm
tm
Database
20ms
FFT
Harmonic
THDU, THDI
20ms
Mean value
based on tm
tm
5 harm tm from 1 sec on

50 harm tm from 10 sec on
Digital recorder
01_HC06e.wmf
Figure 4-9
64
Principle of the system quality and mean value recorder
SIMEAS R Manual
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4.2.1
Table 4-2
Measured quantities of the system quality and mean value recorder
Measured quantity
Four-wire connection
Three-wire
connection
Single-phase
Voltage
U1-2, U2-3, U3-2
U1, U2, U3, U4
Current
I1, I2, I3, IN
I1, I2, I3
I1, I2, I3, I4
Active power
P1, P2, P3
Ptotal
P1, P2, P3, P4
Reactive power
Q1, Q2, Q3
Qtotal
Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4
Frequency
UM
UM
Negative-sequence system UG
UG
Weighted harmonic
distortion
DW1, DW2, DW3
DW1, DW2, DW3
DW1 DW4
Unweighted harmonic
distortion
DUW1, DUW2, DUW3
DUW1, DUW2, DUW3
DUW1 DUW4
Harmonics
H1n, H2n, H3n
H1n, H2n, H3n
H1n, H2n, H3n, H4n
DC signals (only for

DDAUs)
Xn
Xn
Xn
Flicker
UL1-E, UL2-E, UL3-E
U1-2, U2-3, U3-2
Voltage dips
U1-2, U2-3, U3-2
U1, U2, U3, U4
Variable Averaging
Time
For the electrical values it is possible to set different averaging times in

second steps from 1 to 3600 seconds.
Note
For a three-wire connection the powers are measured according to

the two-wattmeter method.
Frequency measurement: An input having a sufficiently high signal
level is automatically selected. The search always starts with the first
input since the first three usually carry line-to-ground voltages.
Positive- and negative-sequence systems are only determined by
default from the voltages, i.e. for both connection variants always
using the line-to-line voltages.
Harmonic distortions and harmonic each from all values applied at the
voltage inputs.
DC signals can only be recorded when using signal conditioning
DDAUs. The quantities to be measured need to be conditioned to the
signal level of the DDAU.
Out of 50 possible harmonics it is possible to select five. For an
averaging time > 10 s all 50 can be recorded.
Using this function, the voltages and currents of a feeder in a
switchboard plant are continually monitored and a system quality
analysis can take place, among others.
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65
4.2.2
Memory Utilization
The communication processor module prepares a database with the
mean values of all measuring points. For this the time of each mean
value cycle is stored with a resolution of up to one millisecond. For the
harmonics it is marked which ones out of the 50 possible have been
selected.
Memory
Requirement
The memory requirement results from the number and type of the DAUs
included in the device and the measured and calculated quantities filed.
Table 4-3
Memory requirement per DAU for an averaging period
Measured and calculated quantities
Bytes per second
8 voltages or currents
8 powers
88
Positive and negative-sequence system, reserve
88
One harmonic for 8 inputs
88
Harmonic distortion weighted for 8 inputs
88
Harmonic distortion unweighted for 8 inputs
66
88
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4.3
This functionality is used, for example, to record the load conditions

before, during and after a fault. Power fluctuations in the system are
recorded over a long period of time.
The principle of operation is similar to the fault recording mode. However,
the signals are determined for every power cycle (e.g. every 20 ms) and
stored depending on the configuring. The signals are stored at an interval
between every 1 and 250 cycles. For example, if 100 cycles (i.e. 2 s for
a 50 Hz signal) is configured, the values are averaged over this period.
Since all channels are recorded in parallel, the user can prepare a power
balance, for example at the feed-in points of switchgear. This function is
automated in the OSCOP P program package.
This function is used in particular to record the primary control in power
plants and power swings. The frequency gradient df/dt reacts if a power
plant is shut down in the interconnected system or if a large-scale power
change occurs in the system.
Storage for
256 samples
(1 period )
Trigger evaluation
Run time
t window
RMS value
full wave
P, Q, f, cos phi
Trigger comparison
Mmin
t Fenster Mmax
Mean value of
the recordings of
the window during
1 to 250 periods
Trigger comparison
dM/dt
rising
falling
20ms
t window
t window
t window
t window
Recording control
Stop
20ms
Window function
Mean value on
twindowbasis
1 to 250 periods
t window
Trigger entry
Data base
P, Q, f, cos phi
Window time = 3 periods
20ms 40ms 60ms 80ms 100ms 120ms 140ms 160ms180ms 200ms 220ms 240ms 260ms 280ms 300ms 320ms
M
1
M
2
M
3
M
4
M
5
dM=M4-M1
Figure
dM=M5-M2
1:
01_HC07e.wmf
Figure 4-10 Power and frequency recorder - principle of operation
System Cycle
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
In contrast to the fault recorder, it is not the curve characteristics of

voltages and currents from the sampling points which are recorded, but
the smallest unit here is the system cycle.
67
Frequency Range
Because the frequency range of the power and frequency variations to

be recorded may be very low, typical values are between 0.1 and 5 Hz.
The storage of each cycle offers in most cases a higher resolution than
required and unnecessarily wastes memory space. Therefore, it is
possible to store the mean values from several cycles instead of
individual cycles.
Averaging Time
The averaging time can be chosen between one and 250 cycles.
simeas_r_20.tif
Figure 4-11 Example: Functional diagram frequency/power recorder
Averaging Periods
The averaging periods are represented by rectangles. The averaging

time tm is set to three cycles. Averaging is done sliding, this means that
after each cycle a new mean is formed over the past three cycles. At the
end of a each period the mean value for this period is available.
Gradient
Monitoring
For gradient monitoring a differential time tD of nine cycles is selected. In

this case the mean value of the averaging period 12 is compared with the
one of the averaging period 3. After the next period the averaging period
13 is compared with 4, then 14 with 5 and so forth. Since the size of the
storage for the pre-event history is a fixed quantity, the set averaging time
determines the duration of the pre-event history.
Recording Duration
However, the maximum recording duration can amount up to two hours.
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Pre-event History
The duration of the pre-event history results from:

V = 10 x P
V
P
pre-event history in seconds

number of cycles averaged
Table 4-4
Pre-event history for different number of averaged cycles
Number of cycles
Duration of the pre-event history
1
2
20"
50"
10
1 40"
20
3 20"
50
8 20"
100
16 40"
250
4.3.1
10"
41 40"
Measured
Quantities
Measured quantities are alternating voltages and currents. For the fourwire system these are the three line-to-ground voltages and the three line
currents. For the three-wire system the three line-to-line voltages are
connected. However, only two, (U1-2 and U3-2), are measured, i.e. the
two line currents I1 and I3. The frequency is determined from one of the
measuring channels, preferably the voltage.
Calculated
Quantities
Calculated are the root-mean-square values of voltage and current, the

active and reactive power, the power factors and the gradients of the
frequency and power. For this it is necessary to distinguish between fourwire and three-wire systems. For the calculated quantities a distinction is
made between four-wire and three-wire systems.
Frequency
The frequency is determined from one of the measuring channels,

preferably the voltage.
Three-wire
Connection
The two-wattmeter method is used for the three-wire connection and

from the two results each the sum is used.
Four-wire
Connection
As the calculated quantities for the four-wire system show, it is also

possible to measure instead of a three-phase system four single-phase
systems or four four-wire three-phase systems with identical loads. In the
latter case it must be taken into account when outputting the data that the
values for active and reactive power have to be multiplied by three
because only one of the three lines is taken into account.
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69
Table 4-5
Calculated quantities of the frequency/power recorder
Four-wire network
Three-wire system
P1 active power L1
Total active power
P2 active power L2
Total reactive power
P3 active power L3
Total power factor
PN active power N
Frequency
Q1 reactive power L1
QN reactive power N
Power factor L1
Power factor L2
Power factor L3
Power factor N
Frequency
Gradient of the frequency
1)
1)
1) These quantities are not stored but used for triggering only.
4.3.2
Trigger Functions
The triggering is done by comparing the sliding average with the
corresponding previously measured mean value. For example, the
maximum pre-event history amounts to 40 min. for an averaging time of
250 cycles.
The calculated quantities given in Table 4-6 are used as measured
quantities for triggering. Trigger functions are limit triggers (Min/Max) and
gradient triggers.
Table 4-6
Triggers of the frequency/power recorder
Measured quantity
dM/dt
dM/dt
Level max.
Level min.
Active powers (Table 4-5)
Reactive powers (Table 4-5)
Frequency
Starts
Binary signal
Manual
External
Ends
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4.3.3
Sequence Control
The sequence control of the frequency/power recorder is identical with
that of the fault recorder, except that the run times tmin, tmax and
ttrigger hold-off of the two fault recorder types are independent of each
other.
4.3.4
Memory Utilization
Fault File
The data of every fault event are recorded in a separate fault file. The
length is variable, it is dependent on the duration of the fault.
The data are filed in compressed form with date and time of day. The time
is recorded in microseconds. For each DAU there is a data record. The
data records have variable lengths.
Cyclic Storage
The fault files are organized as cyclic storage: If the storage becomes full
the oldest files are overwritten.
Header Information
Each of the data records is preceded by statistical information.
Memory
Requirement of the
DAUs for Minimum
Recording Duration
One VCDAU requires per entry 80 bytes.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
One acquisition unit with 4 VCDAUs per entry 320 bytes.

For an averaging time of 20 ms there are per second
50 320 bytes = 16 kbyte to be filed
71
4.4
Binary Recorder
Application
The binary recorder (event printer) records the change of binary states.
For example, it can record switch positions, protection signals, alarms or
the step position of transformers. Each event is documented with the time
of its occurrence. In this way it is possible to recognize the sequence of
events even if they occur in a very rapid succession. For the use in
electric utility companies and industry the cycle time of 0.5 ms does not
leave anything to be desired with respect to time resolution.
Binary Events
Up-to-now most binary events are signalled by means of

electromechanical contacts. Opening and closing does not take place as
for electronic signals in shape of a clean edge but contact bouncing
produces a series of short pulses. It does not make sense, however, to
record all of these since it stresses memory and reproduction equipment
and causes the display to become unclear.
Filter
Therefore, a special feature of the SIMEAS R as a binary recorder, the

edges can be filtered intelligently so that multiple recordings are avoided
and high time resolution is nevertheless guaranteed.
Changes of State
For each of the 16 binary channels it is possible to store 250 changes of

state per 1 second.
Memory Space
Allocation
The total memory may be arbitrarily allocated. For a memory capacity of

5 Mbyte it is possible to store about 120 000 changes of state.
Allocation
The binary changes of state are allocated to the analog recordings with
real-time accuracy.
Binary Recording
System
In addition, the output is made within the OSCOP P program as a file with
real-time accuracy, i.e. in form of a binary recording system. Therefore,
it is no longer required to instal separate binary recording systems.
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Binary Recorder
4.4.1
Memory Utilization
Binary Recorder
File
The binary states are entered with time into the fault and binary recorder
files. The real time is output with a resolution of 0.5 milliseconds.
Memory
Requirement
3 32-bit words are stored per change = 12 bytes stored

for a single DAU with 200 changes/s 12 bytes = 2400 bytes / s
for a single acquisition unit with 4 DAUs = 9600 bytes/s
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73
4.5
4.5.1
System Messages
The messages are written into a log file by the communication processor
module. Each system message is stored with identification and time of
day.
Only interrupt messages are copied into the mean value and fault files.
These indicate an interrupt of the recording.
The identifications included in the files have four fields, i.e. status, block
identifier, slot identifier, and data block length.
4.5.2
Self-Monitoring
Signal Outputs
Four signal outputs are provided to emit signals to an alarm signal or

remote control system.
The first is hard-wired to the processor watchdog and signals serious
faults making correct functioning impossible.
The remaining three can be arbitrarily assigned to different fault or status
signals. The same is possible for the 16 light emitting diodes on the front
panel which take care of the signalling at the device.
The signal outputs are, except for the first one (watchdog alarm),
designed to make contact. They are open in the disconnected state. By
parameterization, it is possible to assign individual signals to a group
alarm.
If the watchdog alarm responds, the SIMEAS R performs a restart. In this
case the hotline must be informed.
Note:
The signal outputs are not provided with a spark suppressor. Therefore,
the user must provide appropriate external precautions when connecting
inductive loads.
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Light Emitting
Diodes
The relay outputs and the light emitting diodes can be connected to the
signals listed in Table 4-7 except for the group alarm which can only be
connected to a relay.
The LED group alarm flashes if at least one of the initiating signals is
present.
Group alarm can be acknowledged by a signal input, by the keyboard, or
by remote control. During acknowledgement, the relay output for the
group alarm returns to the neutral position.
The LED goes off if all allocated signals are in the normal state.
Otherwise it continuous with a steady light. The status of the other signal
outputs and LEDs remain constant until the respective status changes. If
the status of a signal output allocated to the group alarm changes from
normal to alarm, the group alarm is triggered again.
Note:
Each LED may be used with up to 5 messages.
Table 4-7
Available fault and operational messages
No.
MESSAGE
Comments
DAU fault
This LED lights up if a DAU is defective or if

communication between the CPU and this DAU has
failed.
Printer fault
Error indication of the printer connected to the

SIMEAS R. Lights up if the printer is not online, if
the paper tray is empty or if the line has been
disconnected.
Synchronization error
This LED lights up if external synchronization has

failed. After recovery of synchronization the LED
will go off again.
Fine synchronization error
During internal synchronization of the various

DAUs, one unit could not receive the required time
information.
Data memory error
An error occurred when writing the measured data

onto the hard disk.
Computer not available
If the function SIMEAS R calling computer is

activated, the SIMEAS R will call the evaluation
computer after a new fault has been recorded. The
LED will light up if the evaluation computer does not
respond.
Temperature < 5 C
Lights up if the temperature in the SIMEAS R unit

falls below -5 C.
Temperature > 55 C
Lights up if the temperature in the SIMEAS R unit

exceeds +55C.
SIMEAS R ready for operation
SIMEAS R is ready for operation and the activated

measurements are performed.
10
Operating voltage OK
Supply voltage is applied to SIMEAS R.
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75
Table 4-7
Available fault and operational messages
11
Battery capacity OK
An LED indicates if the capacity of the back-up

battery integrated in the SIMEAS R (as an option)
has reached tolerance range.
12
Recording event
Lights up as long as the analog fault recorder is in

operation. This indication will not be shown with
records performed by the frequency/power recorder
or if recording has been initiated by external start.
13
Transmission SIMEAS R PC active
This LED lights up if a user has logged-in to

SIMEAS R via OSCOP P.
14
Cyclic storage active
When 90% of the set memory space of a recorder

are reached, the oldest events are overwritten and,
thus, erased. Up to 80% of the set memory space
are erased.
15
Stand-by
16
Stand-by
17
Acknowledgement group alarm
May consist of maximum 5 messages.
18
Normal mode
In the normal mode all functions and triggers are

active. Recording is performed according to the
averaging time set.
19
Locked mode
In the locked mode, all triggers of the analog fault

recorder and the frequency/power recorder remain
inactive. The averaging time recorder is active.
20
Test mode
When the test mode is active, the cause of the

events recorded by the analog fault recorder and
the frequency/power recorder will be indicated in
the directory as test.
21
No more data buffer capacity
No more memory capacity available for transfer

between measuring system and database. The
data volume is so great that data are lost.
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4.5.3
Parameterization of the Group Alarm

Parameterization of the messages is done with the software OSCOP P
and is described in the OSCOP P manual.
Table 4-8
Behaviour of group alarm during acknowledgement

Status
Relay tab
LED
Group alarm new
Picks up
Flashes
Acknowledgement, alarm cause already left
Drops off
Goes off
Acknowledgement, alarm cause still present
Drops off
Steady light
Acknowledgement, alarm cause back to normal
Dropped off
Goes off
4.5.4
Self-Monitoring (Logging)
SIMEAS R monitors software execution and important hardware
components automatically. This self-diagnosis is continuously active in
the background. Faults are entered into a log file. Using this information,
the user is able to make a fast fault diagnosis.
This status information can be transmitted to a computer by means of the
system program OSCOP P and analyzed there.
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77
4.5.5
Signals and their Cause

At the front of the SIMEAS R there are 16 light emitting diodes. They
serve to indicate the operational state and faults. The light emitting
diodes can be connected to 19 signals in total per software.
The following table gives faults and their possible cause.
Figure 4-12Light emitting diodes at the front panel of the SIMEAS R

(freely assignable)
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Table 4-9
LED
Normal
Signals and their cause

Function
LED
Fault
Function
Possible causes
ON
SIMEAS R
ready for
operation
OFF
SIMEAS R not
ready for
operation
ON
Operating
voltage OK
OFF
Operating voltage Supply voltage connected?

not OK
SIMEAS R switched on?
Check operating voltage LED on the CPU If
one of these LEDs is not lit, a power supply
unit failure occurred.
Replace power supply.
ON
Battery
capacity OK
OFF
Battery capacity
not OK
Supply voltage connected?

Connection between battery and power
supply unit OK?
Replace battery.
OFF
No DAU fault
ON
DAU fault
Transmit status to find out which DAU failed.

Check LED of the DAU.
Replace DAU.
OFF
No printer fault
ON
Fault printer
OFF
Time
ON
synchronization
OK
Fault
Receiver which is connected to the
synchronization of
synchronization box failed.
the time
Connection between receiver and
synchronization box interrupted?
Synchronization box failed?
Connection between synchronization box
and SIMEAS R interrupted.
Directly connected minute pulse failed or
cable disconnected.
OFF
Fine
ON
synchronization
OK
Fault fine
synchronization
Received synchronization signal more

inaccurate than the internal clock.
Synchronization failed (see above)?
OFF
Computer
available
ON
Computer not
available
Signal is given if the SIMEAS R cannot

establish connection (via dial modem) with
the evaluation computer.
Check modem and connection to
SIMEAS R and computer.
Check telephone line.
With modem connections, Auto Answer
must be ON at the modem connected to the
computer.
OFF
Data memory
OK
ON
Data memory
error
Files in the mass storage cannot be read or

written.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Supply voltage connected?

Operating voltages available?
Bus motherboard inserted correctly?
Printer switched on?

Printer online?
Paper tray empty?
Printer cable connected correctly to printer
and the SIMEAS R?
79
Table 4-9
LED
Normal
Signals and their cause

Function
LED
Fault
Function
Possible causes
OFF
Cyclic storage
not active
ON
Cyclic storage
active
The storage space on the hard-disk

reserved for the fault recorder is full. Before
a new event is stored, the oldest event
stored on the hard-disk is erased.
OFF
Temperature
OK
ON
Temperature
< 5C
Ambient temperature too low.
OFF
Temperature
OK
ON
Temperature
> 55C
Ambient temperature too high.
Group alarm
One of the signals parameterized on the

group alarm has triggered.
By means of the status telegram more
specific information is given.
Relay
No group alarm Relay
released
picked
up
Note:
If you should not succeed in eliminating the cause of a signal, contact our
hotline for help.
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First Steps
This chapter describes the first steps you should take when you received
the SIMEAS R. Unpack the device and check whether version and
specifications are according to your requirements.
During an electric check you may navigate on the user interface for the
first time (even if there are no measured quantities). You may also
connect the device with a notebook or personal computer and operate it
with the system program OSCOP P.
At the end of the chapter you will be given information on transport and
storage requirements.
Contents
Unpacking and Packing the Device
82
5.2
Incoming Inspection of the Devices
83
5.3
Operation via OSCOP P
84
5.4
Transport
84
5.5
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5.1
Storage
85
81
First Steps
5.1
Unpacking and Packing the Device
The devices are packed at the factory that they can be safely transported.
Unpack and pack them with appropriate care and without using force,
using only suitable tools. Inspect the devices and verify that they are in
proper mechanical condition.
Note any further instructions which may be enclosed.
The transport packing may be used in the same way for any further
transport. The storage packing of the individual devices alone is not
suitable for transport.
If other packing is used, compliance with the transport requirements (see
Chapter 9.1.1.9) must be ensured.
Before you apply voltage to the device for the first time, keep it in its
operational room at least for 2 hours to ensure temperature balance and
avoid humidity and condensation.
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5.2
5.2.1
Verification of the Specifications
Order Designation
5.2.2
Verify by means of the complete order designation (MLFB) and the

delivery note that the present version complies with the required
specifications and functions and that the required and desired
accessories are available. The order code is given in Chapter 9.1.
Electric Check
Operating conditions must comply with VDE0100 and VDE0105 Part 1.
Before you apply voltage to the device for the first time, keep it in its
operational room at least for 2 hours to ensure temperature balance and
avoid humidity and condensation.
Warning
The following check steps are partially performed if there are dangerous
voltages. Therefore, they may be performed only by qualified personnel
who are familiar with and observe the safety regulations and precautions.
For an initial electric check of the device it is sufficient to ensure safe
grounding of the device and to connect the supply voltage:
q
q
q
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Connect the grounding terminal of the device with protective ground.

Devices for cabinet or panel flush mounting have their grounding
screws at the rear, whereas, devices for surface mounting have a
grounding terminal.
Apply the supply voltage with the correct level and polarity to the
device ports.
Turn on the device with the power switch.
While the device is booting, all LEDs are activated at the front. When
the LEDs (except the operational displays) go off, the switching-on
process is finished. The device is ready for operation when only the
LEDs ready for service, operating voltage OK and normal mode
are lit.
83
First Steps
5.3
Operation via OSCOP P
The fault and digital recorder SIMEAS R is operated through the system
and parameterization software OSCOP P. More information on operation
and parameterization can be found in the manual of the OSCOP P
system program.
5.4
Transport
Transport the SIMEAS R only in its original or another proper packing.

The packing material must provide protection against shocks and
impacts and against electrostatic charges (ESD precautions).
When you transport the SIMEAS R make sure that no foreign matter or
liquids enter the device. This applies especially to the interface
connectors, PCCard adapter shafts and to connector modules.
When the SIMEAS R is taken from a cold environment to the operational
room, condensation may form. Therefore, wait at least for 2 hours until
temperature balance is reached and the device is totally dry before you
take it into operation.
Caution
Devices with transport damage must not be connected and put into
operation.
Note:
These precautions apply both to complete devices and to the individual
modules.
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Storage
5.5
Storage
If the device is not used immediately, it can be stored now.

However, mind:
SIMEAS R devices must be stored in dry and clean rooms. Store the
device and its replacement modules at temperatures between 25 C
and +70 C (refer also to section 9.1.1.8 in Technical Data of the
SIMEAS R).
It is recommended to maintain a restricted temperature range between
+10 C and +35 C for storage to prevent premature aging of the
electrolytic capacitors used for power supply.
The relative humidity must neither cause condensation water nor ice
formation.
When a device with a battery-backed power supply unit is used care must
be taken that the buffer battery is not destroyed through a total discharge
of the battery.
In addition it is advisable for extended storage periods to apply an
auxiliary voltage to the device for 1 to 2 days about every 2 years to form
the electrolytic capacitors used for power supply. The same procedure
should be used before the device is to be used. This ensures
preheating and avoids dew formation under extreme climatic conditions
(tropical climate).
Before you apply voltage to the device for the first time after storage,
keep it in its operational room at least for 2 hours to ensure temperature
balance and avoid humidity and the formation of dew.
Caution
Devices with damage caused during storage must not be connected and
put into operation.
Note:
These precautions apply both to complete devices and to the individual
modules.
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First Steps
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Design Instructions
This chapter describes how to proceed on principle when you design a

SIMEAS R.
Contents
Storage Capacities
88
6.2
Output on a Printer
89
6.3
Data Compression
90
6.4
Communication Options
90
6.5
Power Calculation
108
6.6
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6.1
Synchronization of Multiple SIMEAS R Devices
108
87
Design Instructions
6.1
Storage Capacities
The storage capacity is dependent on the operating mode.

The available memory is divided into the following partitions:
q
q
q
q
q
Example of a
Parameterization
Program memory, random access and printer memory

about 100 Mbyte
Fault recorder
System quality and mean value recorder
Binary recorder
Partitioning of the available memory; e.g. 500 Mbyte hard disk;.

Fault recorder
180 Mbytes
256 samples
per period
60 Mbytes
Storage time
every 1 s
Mean value recorder
120 Mbytes
Averaging time
every 10 min
Binary recorder
20 Mbytes
Example SIMEAS R with 32 analog and 64 binary channels.
oscop43a.gif
Figure 6-1 Input of the averaging times, allocation of storage depth
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Output on a Printer
The section Device functions of the system program OSCOP P

includes the tabs Mean value writer, Error recorder and Voltage dips.
These tabs are used to specify the device functions that might be used,
and the measured quantities which you want to record with the device.
Furthermore, you can allocate memory space to each of the functions.
The binary recorder stores more than 120 000 status changes.
The integrated database manages an unlimited number of recordings.
The 32 bit real-time operating system manages the recordings so that the
analysis program OSCOP P can access the events selectively.
6.2
Output on a Printer
Via the connected printer the printout of the fault recordings or the result
of the diagnostic system is done automatically. Each recording is
provided with the header data. Real-time and channel legend are listed.
The trigger cause and possibly, in case the diagnostic system has been
activated, the fault location are listed. The printer is used, for example, in
a power plant control room.
Any laser printer with Postscript Level II driver can be connected. The
output rate is mainly determined by the laser printer.
The printer is to be provided with the maximum possible memory.
A print file in the SIMEAS R can have, according to the fault progression,
a data volume of about 60 Mbytes, for example. The printout is
temporarily stored on hard disk. All measurements continue to be active.
If the printer is set up in the control room, fast printouts of the recorded
signals can be provided to the operating staff.
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Design Instructions
6.3
Data Compression
Even with high-speed modem cards according to V.90 or with a LAN /

WAN connection with a 10 Mbyte transmission rate, data compression is
absolutely mandatory in a fault recorder. The reasons are:
q
q
q
q
6.4
Utilization of the internal memory as distributed data archive

Fast transmission of the characteristics, e.g. into the system control
center
Use of existing transmission equipment permitting in part a
transmission rate of only 300 bps
Bridging of LAN / WAN bottlenecks occurring particularly in large
networks
There are several options for communication between the SIMEAS R

and the evaluation PC/DAKON:
q
q
q
q
q
Direct connection (serial)

Leased-line modem
External analog modem
Analog modem
Ethernet network connection
In the following paragraphs, all five options are described.

Note:
For the connections we recommend the data lines offered by SIEMENS.
For the order numbers of the various cables refer to Chapter 11.1.
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6.4.1
Direct Connection (serial)

Use the data line (SIMEAS R-PC) for the direct connection. The data line
must not exceed a length of 20 m. For the PIN assignment of the different
data lines refer to Chapter 11.7.
There are two interfaces available:
6.4.1.1
COM S - Service Interface at the Front

This serial interface at the front is provided for parameterization on site.
However, it may be used for remote measured data transmission as well.
The interface parameters are set as follows and may not be changed:
Baud rate:
Data bits:
Stop bit:
Parity:
19200 bit/s
8
1
none
Note:
A modem cannot be connected to this interface.
For communication between the SIMEAS R and the PC/notebook the

data line must be connected on the one hand to the service interface of
the SIMEAS R and on the other hand to the corresponding COM
interface of the evaluation PC/notebook.
Thereafter the above interface parameters must be set in the software
OSCOP P in the module Parameterize PC.
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Design Instructions
6.4.1.2
COM1 - Data Interface on the Rear

Use the 9-pin socket on the rear of the SIMEAS R for the serial
parameter and measured data transmission. The advantage of using this
interface is the option to set variable transmission rates.
Baud rate:
Data bits:
Stop bit:
Parity:
300 115200 bit/s

8
1
none

data line must be connected on the one hand to the data interface on the
rear of the SIMEAS R and on the other hand to the corresponding COM
interface of the evaluation PC/DAKON.
Note:
Note that the screen of the data transmission line must be grounded both
at the SIMEAS R side and at the opposite side as well.
Thereafter the corresponding interface parameters must be set in the
software OSCOP P in the module Parameterize PC.
SIMEAS R
COM S maintenace
interface
SIMEAS R
COM1 data interface
Front panel
Evaluation PC
Rear panel
SIEMENS
S trung
CP U 4 86
STORE
re a dy
S trung V er- Be trie bs a rt

bindung P C norma l
S trung
S y nc . Uhr
Be trie bs a rt
Te s t
M e da te nBe trie bs s pg
s peic her voll in Ordnung
W atc hdog
bertragung
STORE-P C
Te mp >5 5 C
Betrie bs a rt
Handsta rt
P ara me trie.
Sa mmme lala rm
S trung
Druc k er
M es s ung
S ART/S TOP
Ba tte riek a p.
in Ordnung
Quit S amme la.
Ringda te nAufze ichnung spe ic her a ktiv
SIE ME NS
OS CILLOS TORE P 60 0
G3 4 90 1 -F2 5 00 -H1
AA-H2 -0 02 7 16 -ZE
1 10 -23 0 V AC/DC 3 0 VA
SIEMENS
S trung
CP U 4 86
STORE
re a dy
M es s ung
S ART/S TOP
S trung V er- Be trie bs a rt

bindung P C norma l
Betrie bs a rt
S trung
S y nc . Uhr
Handsta rt
Be trie bs a rt
Te s t
M e da te nBe trie bs s pg
s peic her voll in Ordnung
W atc hdog
bertragung
STORE-P C
Te mp >5 5 C
S trung
Druc k er
P ara me trie.
Sa mmme lala rm
Ba tte riek a p.
in Ordnung
Quit S amme la.
SIEMENS
Power
Ringda te nAufze ichnung spe ic her a ktiv
SIE ME NS
OS CILLOS TORE P 60 0
G3 4 90 1 -F2 5 00 -H1
AA-H2 -0 02 7 16 -ZE
1 10 -23 0 V AC/DC 3 0 VA
DAKON betriebsbereit
Temperatur in Ordnung
Watchdog aktiv
Speicher 80% voll
Datenbertragung
OSCILLOSTOREDatenbertragung
>DAKON
DAKONDatenbertragung
>PC
OSCILLOSTORE->DAKON
Drucker Betriebsbereit
gestrt
DAKON
Data line PC- SIMEAS R

05_01_e.wmf
Figure 6-2 Serial data transmission
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6.4.2
External Leased-line Modem/Optical Converter

An external modem is connected to the data interface COM1.
A leased-line modem or optical converter are used if the distance
between the SIMEAS R and the evaluation PC/DAKON is too large for a
direct serial connection and no other option for connection exists.
Connection

data line SIMEAS R-modem must be connected on the one hand to the
data interface of the SIMEAS R and on the other hand to the
corresponding interface of the modem/optical converter.
The second data line modem-PC establishes the connection between
the second modem and the evaluation PC/DAKON.
The necessary connection between the modem and optical converter
must be established as follows: With modem two or four-wire connection,
with optical converter fiber optic connection. These modems must be
connected to the power supply then. With the optical converter this
depends on the type (see description of optical converter). Upon
installation the corresponding parameterization is performed in
OSCOP P.
Connection is made as follows:
SIMEAS R
COM1 data interface
Rear panel
Evaluation PC
e.g. dedicated line modem

with two- or four-wire
connection
MODEM
MODEM
SIEMENS
Power
MODEM
MODEM
Watchdog aktiv
Speicher 80% voll
Datenbertragung
>DAKON
>PC
OSCILLOSTORE->DAKON
Drucker
gestrt Betriebsbereit
DAKON
Figure 6-3 Data transmission via leased-line modem
Note
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Parameterize the modem so that break signals are not interpreted and
passed on in the data flow to the other side. This parameterization is
dependent on the type of the modem used.
93
Design Instructions
Note:
Modems which interpret break signals cannot be used.
6.4.3
Analog Dial Modem/ISDN Modem (terminal adapter)

There are two options available for the connection SIMEAS R-evaluation
PC/DAKON via dial modem.
6.4.3.1
External Modem or ISDN Modem (terminal adapter)

External modems are connected to the data interface COM1. In order to
guarantee proper operation, new modems and ISDN terminal adapters
are continuously tested with the SIMEAS R.
Note:
As the modem settings become more and more extensive and complex
you are requested to use only such modems which we have tested and
recommended for operation. Information on all currently approved
modems can be found in the Internet under: www.powerquality.de
Connection
For communication between the SIMEAS R and the evaluation PC/

DAKON the data line SIMEAS R-modem must be connected on the one
hand to the data interface of the SIMEAS R and on the other hand to the
corresponding interface of the modem.
The second data line modem-PC establishes the connection between
the second modem and the evaluation PC/DAKON.
Thereafter both modems are connected to the telephone network. These
modems must be connected to the power supply then. Upon installation
the corresponding parameterization is performed in OSCOP P.
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SIMEAS R
COM1 data interface
Data line PC-MODEM

Evaluation PC
External dial modem

Rear panel
Transmission via telephone network
MODEM
MODEM
SIEMENS
Power
MODEM
Watchdog aktiv
Speicher 80% voll
Datenbertragung
>DAKON
>PC
OSCILLOSTORE->DAKON
Drucker
DAKON with PCCARDModem board

Figure 6-4 Data transmission via external dial modem (analog or ISDN)
Note
An ISDN terminal adapter is an external device with a serial connection

according to the RS232 standard. For this reason, the terminal adapter
may directly replace an analog modem.
Control is effected, as is known of the analog modem, with the extended
AT commands. Therefore ISDN terminal adapters are suitable on
principle everywhere where data are to be transmitted from the serial
interface via ISDN.
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Design Instructions
6.4.3.2
PCCard Modem
A PCCard modem is installed directly in the Slot 0 of the SIMEAS R.
Information on all currently approved modems you will find in the internet
under: www.powerquality.de
These PCCard modems have been tested and approved for proper
operation by us. Do not use any other PCCard modems.
Installation
Switch off the SIMEAS R and remove the cover plate at the top back
of the device. The Slot 0 is situated on the right side.
K07_Ph5.TIF
Figure 6-5 View of PCCard slot
Insert the PCCard into Slot 0 with the connection contacts first. Slide
the PCCard carefully into the Slot until it clicks into position.
Insert the PCCard modem and mount the cover plate. Establish the
connection to the telephone network then.
Connect the modem of the evaluation PC/DAKON to the power
supply, if required. The PCCard modem of the SIMEAS R does not
need an external power supply.
Upon installation the corresponding parameterization is performed in
OSCOP P.
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Internal
MODEM/ISDN board
SIMEAS R
PCCARD SLOT 0
Evaluation PC
Transmission via telephone network
Data line PC-MODEM

Rear panel
MODEM
SIEMENS
Power
Watchdog aktiv
Speicher 80% voll
Datenbertragung
>DAKON
>PC
OSCILLOSTORE->DAKON
Drucker
DAKON with PCCARD-
Figure 6-6 Data transmission via internal PCCard card (analog or ISDN)
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Design Instructions
6.4.4
LAN Connection (Local Area Network)

If the SIMEAS R is provided with a network card, it may be integrated into
a LAN. Therefore the data exchange between the SIMEAS R and PC/
DAKON via the network proceeds in compliance with IEEE 802.3
(Ethernet) at a rate of max. 10 Mbit/s.
For data exchange via the network the TCP/IP (Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol) protocol is used which must be installed on
the DAKON/evaluation PC.
With the ELAN CPU module the network card is integrated.
HUB
If several SIMEAS R devices are to be integrated into a network, a hub

must be used to create an independent network. This network can be
linked to an existing office network via a DAKON then.
An independent network must be created because of the
communication between the individual SIMEAS R devices. If triggers, for
example, must be exchanged between the individual systems, this
information must be transmitted quickly and without delay. Fast
communication between the SIMEAS R devices, which is not disturbed
by other communications (e.g. print job of a PC), must be ensured.
Switching HUB
If an independent network is created, a so-called switching hub or

workgroup switch should be used. On telegram transmission such a
hub automatically recognizes to what device the telegram is to be sent.
This ensures that the hub sends the telegram only to the device that the
telegram is meant for. Consequently, other devices are not loaded
unnecessarily (receive, process telegram).
Installation
A PCCard network card is installed directly in the Slot 0 of the SIMEAS R.

Note:
Information on all currently approved network cards you will find in the
internet under: www.powerquality.de
These PCCard network cards have been tested and approved for proper
operation by us.
Do not use any other PCCard network cards.
Switch off the SIMEAS R and remove the cover plate at the top back
of the device. The Slot 0 is situated on the right side.
Insert the PCCard network card into Slot 0 with the connection
contacts first. Slide the PCCard card carefully into the Slot until it
clicks into position. Insert the PCCard network card and screw on the
cover plate.
Thereafter establish the connection to the hub or, for example, a
converter with the twisted-pair line.
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Upon installation the corresponding parameterization is performed in

OSCOP P.
Examples for the structure of such networks are given in the following
figures:
Internal
Network board
SIMEAS R
PCCARD SLOT 0
Rear panel
Transmission via a network
HUB
e.g. Twisted pair
Evaluation PC
DAKON
SIEMENS
Power
Watchdog aktiv
Speicher 80% voll
Datenbertragung
>DAKON
>PC
OSCILLOSTORE->DAKON
Drucker
Transmission to the evaluation PC can

occur either directly or, e.g. via MODEM
05_05_e.wmf
Figure 6-7 Example of a LAN network with HUB and DAKON
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Design Instructions
Internal
Network board
SIMEAS R
PCCARD SLOT 0
Rear panel
e.g. twisted pair
HUB
Transmission via a network
Evaluation PC
Remote Access
Server
MODEM
MODEM
Transmission to the evaluation PC can

05_07_e.wmf
Figure 6-8 Example of a LAN network with HUB and Remote Access Server
100
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Internal
network board
SIMEAS R
PCCARD SLOT 0
rear panel
SIEMENS
Power
DAKON
Watchdog aktiv
Speicher 80% voll
Datenbertragung
OSCILLOSTORE->DAKON
Datenbertragung
DAKON->PC
Datenbertragung
OSCILLOSTORE->DAKON gestrt
Drucker Betriebsbereit
HUB
Transmission via a Network
e.g. twisted pair
Evaluation PC
Network
05_08_e.wmf
Figure 6-9 Example of a LAN network with HUB and DAKON
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Design Instructions
6.4.5
X.25-Packet Switching Service

X.25 data networks are public dial networks which are based on the
international standardized Packet Switching Protocol X.25. These
networks give access to all other national X.25 Packet Switching
Services operating all over the world.
SIMEAS R
COM1 data interface
Evaluation PC
Rear panel
PAD
X.25 Paketswitching service
PAD
DAKON
SIEMENS
Power
Watchdog aktiv
Speicher 80% voll
Datenbertragung
>DAKON
>PC
OSCILLOSTORE->DAKON
Drucker
05_09_e.wmf
Figure 6-10 Connection via X.25 Packet Switching Service
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6.4.6
External Star Coupler

The star coupler permits connection of several SIMEAS R devices via
optical interfaces to an evaluation PC/DAKON. The connection between
the SIMEAS R and the evaluation PC/DAKON can be configured as fiber
optic connection which offers protection against interference.
The optical star coupler distributes the telegrams of the software
OSCOP P to all SIMEAS R systems connected. Through cascading of
the star couplers, accordingly more SIMEAS R devices can be
addressed. The telegrams contain an address so that only the addressed
SIMEAS R responds.
SIMEAS R
COM1 data interface
Evaluation PC
Rear panel
V.24-opitical fiber converter
Connection of the
star coupler to a
V.24 interface
Optical fiber connection
Star coupler
05_10_e.wmf
Figure 6-11 Connection via star coupler
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Design Instructions
6.4.7
Installation Instructions for Hub and Transceiver with PC and

SIMEAS R
Kommunikation.gif
Figure 6-12 Installation example with hub and transceiver
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6.4.8
Settings and Modem
6.4.8.1
SIMEAS R with ISDN and Analog Modem

The devices approved for an ISDN connection between the evaluation
PC/DAKON and a SIMEAS R are given under: www.powerquality.de
6.4.8.2
SIMEAS R and Dial Modem

The devices approved for an analog dial connection between the
evaluation PC/DAKON and a SIMEAS R are given under:
www.powerquality.de
The dialling parameters atdt or atdp are entered in OSCOP P directly in
front of the telephone number. With the SIMEAS R the settings for the
initialization of the connected modem can be entered directly in the
parameter dialog box as initialization string. The dialling parameters atdt
or atdp are entered, as in OSCOP, directly in front of the telephone
number.
Generally, make sure with all modems that the standard parameters of
the modem are loaded prior to operation with OSCOP P or a SIMEAS R
or RAS. This ensures that parameters, which are not included in the
initialization string, have the same setting with both modems (e.g. error
correction etc.). With most modems this can be done with the command
AT&F.
More information can be found in the manual of the OSCOP P system
program.
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Design Instructions
6.4.8.3
SIMEAS R and Network

To simplify administration, the IP addresses are generally differentiated
by different classes:
Table 6-1
SIMEAS R and Network
Class
Range of the network numbers
Subnet mask
1.x.x.x 126.x.x.x
255.0.0.0
128.0.x.x 191.255.x.x
255.255.0.0
192.0.0.x 223.255.255.x
255.255.255.0
In order to avoid conflicts with existing customer networks, you should

generally use class C network addresses when creating SIMEAS R
networks. With the class C addresses, total 254 sub nets with 254
devices each can be defined.
In addition, note that various address ranges of the possible network
numbers have already been assigned to customers etc. However, the
internet community agreed that certain address ranges of each class
can be used freely.
Class A: 10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255
Class B: 172.16.0.0 172.31.255.255
Class C: 192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255
The numbers 255 and 0 are used in networks as broadcast addresses or
identification for the entire sub net, i.e. they should not be used.
For the above reasons, the following IP addresses should be used for the
networked SIMEAS R systems:
192.168.Subnet.Device(Subnet: 1 - 254 and device: 1 - 254)
The following definitions are made for IP address assignment:
q
q
q
q
q
q
106
Each network card in the DAKON, where SIMEAS R devices are

connected, forms a separate subsystem.
Each DAKON is assigned the device address 1.
Each Remote Access Server (RAS) is generally assigned the device
number 2 within a sub net.
All HUBs, which are connected to the same network card, are part of
the same subsystem.
For the networked SIMEAS R devices, device addresses between
100 and 200 must be assigned per subsystem.
When a RAS is used, the dynamically assigned addresses must be
parameterized on the addresses 230 to 254 (ip ethernet pool).
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Example of an IP address assignment
Figure 6-13 Example of an IP address assignment
Addresses:
K1a:
K1b:
SR1:
SR2:
SR3:
SR4:
SR5:
K2a:
SR6:
SR7:
SR8:
SR9:
SR10:
K2b:
SR11:
SR12:
K1c:
SR13:
SR14:
R1:
SR15:
SR16:
SIMEAS R Manual
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Network card 1 of DAKON 1192.168.1.1

Network card 2 of DAKON 1 Network address acc. to
customer network
SIMEAS R No. 1
192.168.1.100
SIMEAS R No. 2
192.168.1.101
SIMEAS R No. 3
192.168.1.102
SIMEAS R No. 4
192.168.1.103
SIMEAS R No. 5
192.168.1.104
Network card 1 of DAKON 2
192.168.2.1
SIMEAS R No. 6
192.168.2.100
SIMEAS R No. 7
192.168.2.101
SIMEAS R No. 8
192.168.2.102
SIMEAS R No. 9
192.168.2.103
SIMEAS R No. 10
192.168.2.104
192.168.3.1
SIMEAS R No. 11
192.168.3.100
SIMEAS R No. 12
192.168.3.101
192.168.4.1
SIMEAS R No. 13
192.168.4.100
SIMEAS R No. 14
192.168.4.101
Remote Access Server No. 1 192.168.5.2 ip ethernet
pool 192.168.5.230-254
SIMEAS R No. 15
192.168.5.100
SIMEAS R No. 16
192.168.5.101
107
Design Instructions
6.5
Power Calculation
For the calculation of the active and reactive power, current and voltage
must be connected to the ports. It is advisable to use one VCDAU per
field.
If there are no voltage transformers per field available, the following
options should be checked:
1. Parallel wiring of the voltage transformers to the inputs of the VCDAU
(single possible in case of central configuration in a cabinet)
2. Wiring of the busbar voltage to a VCDAU
The VCDAU voltages are used for any other calculations. The voltages
are transferred via the 16 Mbyte bus to the CDAU and are used without
measuring error for power calculation.
A CDAU has 8 current transformers and, therefore, can monitor 2 panels.
If, for example, 1x VCDAU and 3x CDAU are used, this option allows to
monitor the busbar and up to 7 feeders. The VCDAU voltages are used
internally for the power calculations.
Caution:
A VDAU cannot be used for power calculations. When using a VDAU to
record the busbar voltages, it is necessary to mount at least one VCDAU
in the same rack and to wire the bus voltage in parallel. Calculations are
not possible with two devices (even if they are connected via the LAN). It
is recommended to use one device for each busbar section with the
respective branches.
6.6
Synchronization of Multiple SIMEAS R Devices
To synchronize multiple SIMEAS R devices, which are installed in the

same place, among one another, it is sufficient to synchronize them all
from the same real-time source. The simplest way to do this is to use the
same minute pulse, for example. All the devices have the same time
basis then. Devices, which are located in different places, need for
synchronization real-time information from GPS receivers (see
Chapter 2.2.6).
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Installation and Commissioning
This chapter is intended for experienced commissioning personnel who

are familiar with the installation and commissioning of SIMEAS R type
fault recorders, with power system operation and with the relevant safety
rules and regulations.
Contents
Quick Reference for the Commissioning of the SIMEAS R
110
7.2
Installation and Connection
111
7.3
Extension of Existing Hardware
128
7.4
Commissioning
138
7.5
SIMEAS R Startup
139
7.6
Parameterization of the SIMEAS R
140
7.7
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7.1
Operation of the SIMEAS R
141
109
7.1
Quick Reference for the Commissioning of the SIMEAS R
The startup of a SIMEAS R can be divided into the following individual

steps. References are made on the various points to the corresponding
sections of the manual. Only the parameterization of the SIMEAS R as
well as special functions are explained later in this chapter.
q
Execute grounding measures

see Chapter 7.2.3, Grounding, Shielding and Connection of
Peripheral Equipment
Connect power supply

Terminal assignment: see Chapter 11.6.1, CPU and Power Supply
Explanation: see Chapter 2.4, Power Supply
Connect signal outputs

Explanation: see Chapter 4.5.2, Self-Monitoring
Connect signal lines

Explanation: see Chapter 2.2, Acquisition Units (DAUs) and Signal
Conditionings
Connect local printer (option)

Terminal assignment: see Chapter 11.3, Block Diagrams
Connect synchronization (option)

Terminal assignment: see Chapter 9.2.3, Connection Example
Explanation: see Chapter 2.2.6, Real-Time Synchronization
Connect communication equipment (option)

Explanation: see Chapter 2.3, Communication
Examples: see Chapter 6.4, Communication Options
Connect Notebook to COM S service interface

Explanation: see Chapter 2.3, Communication
Switch on SIMEAS R
Terminal assignment: see Chapter 11.3, Block Diagrams, switch S1
Terminal assignment: see Chapter 11.3, Block Diagrams, switch S1
Parameterize the SIMEAS R

see Chapter 7.6, Parameterization of the SIMEAS R
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7.2
Caution
Correct and safe operation of this device is dependent on proper
transport and storage, proper handling, installation, operation, and
maintenance by qualified personnel under observance of all warnings
and hints contained in this manual.
In particular the general installation and safety regulations (e.g. DIN,
VDE, EN, IEC or other national and international standards) regarding
the correct use of power installations must be observed. Non-observance
can result in death, personal injury or substantial property damage.
Notes:
During startup of the SIMEAS R a certain sequence is to be observed

and complied with.
For the SIMEAS R, a local calibration of the individual acquisition
units is no longer required because the SIMEAS R has already been
factory-calibrated. The SIMEAS R is merely set and parameterized
via the COM S maintenance interface.
When delivered from the factory, the SIMEAS R is equipped with the
components ordered such as modem or network board. This means
that the boards have already been integrated into the SIMEAS R
system and tested. Therefore, all that needs to be done is connect the
data line. After the connection has been made, you can start to
parameterize the system.
If components are installed subsequently into the SIMEAS R, the
corresponding installation instructions are found in Chapter 7.3. After
the connection has been made, you can start to parameterize the
system.
To guarantee the correct operation of all functions, all
parameterization steps described in this chapter should be
performed.
Prior to delivery of the SIMEAS R, the basic parameters are preset to
defaults. An overview of the default parameters can be found at the
end of this chapter. The procedure for the startup of the SIMEAS R is
described in the following chapters.
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7.2.1
Installation
The SIMEAS R system is accommodated in a 7XP20 with 19 or 19
inch in width; its height is 6 height units (HE) (1 height unit = 44.45 mm).
It is available in two sizes:
q
q
Central unit ZE 8/16 in a 19" housing

Central unit ZE 32/64 in a 19" housing
System control is performed from the front panel. All ports used for
connection (except the COM S service interface) are located at the rear
side.
The SIMEAS R can be delivered for the following types of installation: for
panel flush mounting, for panel surface mounting or for 19" rack
mounting.
When delivered for installation in a 19" rack frame, each SIMEAS R
housing will be equipped with a special frame which allows easy
mounting of the housing in the 19" rack frame by means of 4 screws.
Panel Surface
Mounting
In the case of panel-surface mounting only the housing needs to be

attached to the desired installation position with the help of suitable fixing
material (depending on the type of fixation base used). For this purpose
the housing is equipped with 4 fixing lugs at the corners. For details on
the dimensions for fixation please refer to the system documentation of
the housing which is included in the delivery.
Panel Flush
Mounting
For panel flush mounting, an appropriate cutout in the panel must be

made first. The SIMEAS R can then easily be installed in the cutout by
attaching it with suitable fixing accessories (4 screws) to the panel,
without requiring any special mounting materials. The screws are
attached to the fixation holes at the outside of the housings mounting
support (see dimension drawing in Chapter 9.1.2).
Cabinet Mounting
When delivered in a cabinet, the devices in the cabinet are completely

wired, with most of the wiring connected to terminal strips.
The rear side of the 7XP20 housing is provided with the SUB-D and the
cube-type connection facilities, including all threads for the mounting of
metal clips which are used for cable clamps and screening supports.
Note:
The SIMEAS R may only be operated with the PCCard cover plate
properly attached.
When delivered, this cover plate is already fixed with screws.
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Extensions
When extending the system with further communication boards, please

observe the notes in Chapter 7.3.3.
For details on the device dimensions, mounting holes and panel cutouts
please refer to the dimension drawings in Chapter 9.1. The weights and
environmental conditions are stated in the technical data in Chapter 9.1.
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7.2.2
Feeding of the Cables

The cables with the analog signals (current, voltage), with the binary
signals (signal inputs), control signals and power supply always come
from the rear and are connected to the rear of the equipment.
Cable Shielding
For the current/voltage and signal inputs as well as for the control inputs
and process signals of the equipment, it is required to use cables
shielded with copper braiding.
At the shield holder, the cables are attached with clamps. To comply with
interference immunity, the insulation of the cable has to be removed in
the area of these clamps to ensure a reliable connection of the shield to
the shield holder. The cables leading to a printer, modem, or personal
computer are also connected at the rear of the equipment. To connect
external equipment within a cabinet meeting EMC requirements, a
grounding is not necessarily required.
Note:
The safety against interfering emissions is considerably increased,
however, if the cable shield is connected with the shield holder. Such a
grounding is absolutely required for the antenna cable of the DCF77/
IRIG-B receiver.
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7.2.3
Grounding, Shielding and Connection of Peripheral Equipment

The SIMEAS R is an electronic device with an extremely high immunity
to interference meeting the following requirements:
q
q
q
Meets the protection requirements of the EMC guidelines

Bears the EU conformity certificate on meeting the EMC protection
requirements
Bears the CE mark
In order not to endanger these requirements and to guarantee safe

operation of the SIMEAS R, the following measures must be observed:
q
q
q
Execute shielding and cable clamping of the cables as shown in

Figure 7-1.
Bring cable screen into contact at both ends (at the start and the end
of the cable).
Grounding of a cabinet:
The grounding of a SIMEAS R cabinet must be attached at the
grounding point provided for this purpose in the cabinet bottom and
taken to the central grounding point using the shortest distance
possible.
This conductor must have a cross section of at least 16 mm2.
Grounding of the central processing units:

The grounding must be attached to the grounding points at the
equipment rear and taken to the central grounding point or the metal
frame of the control cabinet using the shortest distance possible.
This conductor must have a cross section of at least 10 mm2.
For the ZE 32/64 central processing unit there are two ground points
available at the rear of the equipment (left and right). At each of these
ground points, there must be a separate grounding conductor
connected.
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Only peripheral equipment (e.g. modems) bearing also the CE mark

may be connected to the SIMEAS R.
115
Caution:
These measures apply to all connecting cables to the SIMEAS R,
including those which are connected for startup only.
Figure 7-1 Cable clamping and shield holder
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7.2.4
Cable Connection (auxiliary power, signals, measuring circuits)

The list below shows the connection values and modules of the
SIMEAS R, as well as examples of suitable cable types. Each connecting
point of these modules is available in the form of screw clamps and plugin contacts (crimp contacts). Ex works delivery includes the screw
clamps.
Crimp contacts:
0.5 - 1 mm2 for plug-in module III Fa. Weidmller, No. 162553
1.5 - 2.5 mm2 for plug-in module III Fa. Weidmller, No. 162551
1.5 - 2.5 mm2 for plug-in module I Grote u. Hartmann, No. 26457.331.410
Cable stripping length: 5 mm
Tool: Harting FC3, No. 09990000077
Note:
The layout for wiring and allocation of the various modules are described
in detail in Chapter 11.6.
For further details, e.g. on signalling output ratings, etc. please refer to
the Technical Data stated in Chapter 9.1.
In case of designs with finely stranded cable cores (flexible leads), the
core ends are to be provided with pinched ferrules.
7.2.4.1
Connection of Auxiliary Power to the NT Power Supply Unit

Auxiliary power and the PE conductor are connected to the connection
modules (plug-in module III) of the power supply unit (see Chapter 11.6).
Conductor cross-sections:
q
q
q
1.5 mm2 stranded (flexible lead with ferrule) or

2.5 mm2 single-core conductor
Cable, e.g. lflex network cable 3 x 1.5 mm2
The maximum operating current is 2 A at nominal operation and

maximum system configuration. The internal miniature fuse of the power
supply unit is rated for 3.15 AT. To ensure proper selectivity in the fusing
sequence, the power supply line is to be equipped with a 6 A circuit
breaker.
After being switched on at a minimum supply voltage of 19.2 VDC (24 V
minus 20% tolerance), the power supply unit shortly assumes a peak
current (t < 0,6 s) of max. 8 A until the auxiliary circuit has been loaded.
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117
7.2.4.2
Connection of Signals of the CPU

These are connected via connector modules (connector module III) at the
rear of the CPU.
Maximum conductor cross-sections:
q
q
q
7.2.4.3
1.5 mm2 stranded conductor

Cable e.g. signal cable LIYEB-CY 4 x 2 x 0.75 mm2
Connection of VCDAU, VDAU, and CDAU Data Acquisition Modules

The measuring circuits are connected via connection modules
(connector module I for currents, connector module III for voltages and
binary channels) on the back of the inserted DAU.
Maximum conductor cross-sections for analog current channels:
q
q
q

4 mm2 single-core conductor
Cable e.g. LIYEB-CY 4 x 2 x 2.5 mm2
Maximum conductor cross-sections for analog voltage channels:
q
q
q

Maximum conductor cross-sections for binary channels:
q
q
q
118

2,5 mm2 single-core conductor
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7.2.4.4
Connection of the DDAU Data Acquisition Module

The measuring circuits are connected via connector modules (connector
module III) at the rear of the connected DAU.
Maximum conductor cross-sections for analog channels:
q
q
q

q
q
q
7.2.4.5

Connection of the BDAU Data Acquisition Module

The binary inputs are connected via connector modules (connector
module III) at the rear of the connected BDAU.
q
q
q
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119
7.2.5
Cable Connection (data transmission)

The interfaces stated below are the standard interfaces for data
communication with SIMEAS R.
Please note: The connection and allocation diagrams of the various
interfaces are explained in detail in Chapter 11.
7.2.5.1
Connection of a Computer or Notebook via COM S

The connection is made via the 9-pin SUB-D socket COM S (service
interface) on the front side of the SIMEAS R.
7.2.5.2
Connection of a Computer or External Modem via COM 1

The connection is made via the 9-pin SUB-D socket COM 1 (data
interface) on the rear side of the SIMEAS R.
7.2.5.3
Connection of a Printer via the PRINTER Port

The connection is made via the 25-pin SUB-D socket PRINTER on the
rear side of the SIMEAS R.
7.2.5.4
Cable Connection to the PCCard Boards

The possible connections for modem or network boards are explained in
detail in the description of the specific components.
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7.2.6
Connecting Lines
The following tables list the possible connecting lines between
SIMEAS R and PC (direct or via external modem) and printer. The lines
used must be shielded and the shield must brought into contact
appropriately.
Table 7-1
Data line SIMEAS R COM S PC
SIMEAS R COM S (9-pin)

Function
Shield
Connection
Housing
Line
Personal Computer
Signal
25-pin
Housing
9-pin
Function
Housing
Shield
1
TxD
RxD
RxD
TxD
GND
GND
Table 7-2
Data line SIMEAS R "COM 1" PC
SIMEAS R COM 1 (9-pin)

Function
Shield
Connection
Housing
Line
Personal Computer
Signal
25-pin
Housing
9-pin
Function
Housing
Shield
1
TxD
RxD
RxD
TxD
GND
GND
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121
Table 7-3
Data line SIMEAS R COM 1 external modem
SIMEAS R COM 1 (9-pin)

Function
Shield
Connection
Housing
Line
External modem (25-pin)
Signal
Connection
Housing
Function
Shield
1
DCD
DCD
TxD
RxD
RxD
TxD
DTR
20
DTR
GND
GND
DSR
DSR
RTS
RTS
CTS
CTS
RI
22
RI
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Table 7-4
Data line external modem PC (9-pin)

Function
Shield
Line
Connection
Housing
PC (9-pin)
Signal
Connection
Function
Housing
Shield
1
DCD
DCD
RxD
RxD
TxD
TxD
DTR
20
DTR
GND
GND
DSR
DSR
RTS
RTS
CTS
CTS
RI
22
RI
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123
Table 7-5
Data line external modem PC (25-pin)

Function
Shield
Cables
Connection
Housing
PC (25-pin)
Signal
Connection
Housing
Function
Shield
DCD
DCD
RxD
RxD
TxD
TxD
DTR
20
20
DTR
GND
GND
DSR
DSR
RTS
RTS
CTS
CTS
RI
22
22
RI
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Table 7-6
Data line SIMEAS R PRINTER Printer

SIMEAS R PRINTER
Printer
Connection
Function
Connection
Housing
Shield
Housing
25
GND
30
STROBE (active low)
DATEN 1
DATEN 2
DATEN 3
DATEN 4
DATEN 5
DATEN 6
DATEN 7
DATEN 8
18
GND
33
19
GND
19
20
GND
21
21
GND
23
22
GND
25
23
GND
27
24
GND
29
10
ACK (active low)
10
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125
Table 7-6
Data line SIMEAS R PRINTER Printer

SIMEAS R PRINTER
Printer
Connection
Function
Connection
11
BUSY
11
12
PAPER EMPTY
12
13
SELECT
13
14
AUTO FEED (active low)
14
15
ERROR (active low)
32
16
INIT (active low)
31
17
SELECT IN (active low)
36
Connecting Lines
for PCCard Cards
126
The possible connecting lines for modem or network boards are

explained in detail in the description of the specific components.
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7.2.7
Preassembled Connection Cables

To connect the measuring signals, it is possible to order preassembled
connection cables for the binary and analog signals.
There are various data cables available to connect the SIMEAS R with
external devices. The data cables include adapters allowing connection
of different types of personal computers.
More detailed information on these preassembled connection cables can
be found with the ordering information in Chapter 9.1.
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127
7.3
General
If the hardware of existing SIMEAS R systems is to be adapted or

extended, this extension can be differentiated as follows:
q
Extension of a SIMEAS R with additional acquisition modules
Exchange of acquisition units of different types
Extension of a SIMEAS R communication components
Extension of a SIMEAS R with external auxiliary equipment

Note:
For all these extensions it is necessary to follow certain operating steps.
The procedure for the various extensions is described in the following
sections.
Caution:
Please note:
When working at the SIMEAS R, especially when exchanging modules,
the following instructions must be observed without reservations.
The safety instructions at the beginning of this manual must be read

and must be observed!
CAUTION:
Even if turned off, the device carries voltage.
Prior to opening, disconnect the device from the power supply!
The instructions on the handling of modules must be observed without

reservations!
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7.3.1
Extension of a SIMEAS R with Additional Acquisition Modules

This extension is intended for a SIMEAS R with a 32/64 central
processing unit. An extension is possible only if not all of the four
available slots have been equipped with acquisition units. A completely
equipped 32/64 central processing unit or a central processing unit of the
type 8/16 cannot be extended with additional acquisition units.
Proceed as follows for the extension of a SIMEAS system:
1. Turn off the SIMEAS R with switch S1.
2. Disconnect the SIMEAS R from the voltage supply.
3. Unscrew cover plate.
4. Unscrew knurled nut from switch S1.
5. Unscrew the front panel of the SIMEAS R. Only loosen the lower
screws, unscrew the upper screws completely.
6. Carefully remove connecting line (ribbon cable) between front panel
and CPU module at the CPU module.
7. Remove bus motherboard carefully from the inserted modules. Pay
attention not to bend the bus motherboard.
8. For the slot into which the new acquisition unit is to be inserted, remove
the blanking plates on the back of the SIMEAS R.
9. After the blanking plates have been removed, screw on, according to
the type of the new acquisition unit, the interfaces for the new module at
the rear.
10. Now insert the new module from the front into the free slot. Make sure
the module snaps in correctly.
11. Insert the motherboard carefully again onto the individual modules.
Pay attention not to bend the bus motherboard.
12. Plug the connecting line (ribbon cable) between front panel and the
CPU module on the CPU module.
13. Mount the front panel of the SIMEAS R again using the screws. When
inserting the front panel take care not to squeeze or pinch the ribbon
cable.
14. Screw knurled nut on switch S1.
15. Screw on cover plate.
16. Connect measuring signals to the new interfaces.
17. Apply supply voltage to the SIMEAS R.
18. Turn on the SIMEAS R with switch S1.
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129
19. Connect notebook to the service interface COM S at the front of the
SIMEAS R.
20. Using the system program OSCOP P, enable the new module and
parameterize the individual channels. More information on
parameterization can be found in the manual of the OSCOP P system
program.
K07_Ph1.TIF
Figure 7-2 View of interfaces
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K07_Ph2.TIF
Figure 7-3 View of opened ZE 8/16 central processing unit
K07_Ph1.TIF
Figure 7-4 View of opened ZE 32/64 central processing unit
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131
7.3.2
Exchange of Acquisition Units of Different Types

If an acquisition unit already parameterized is to be exchanged for an
acquisition unit of a different type, the unit to be exchanged must be
removed from system parameterization prior to the physical exchange.
If an acquisition unit is exchanged for an acquisition unit of the same
type, the individual steps regarding parameterization do not apply.
To exchange a data acquisition unit:
SIMEAS R.
3. Using the OSCOP P system program, remove the acquisition unit to
be exchanged from parameterization. This means that all possibly
existing allocations of channels to this module are removed and the slot
is parameterized as Deactivated. More information on parameterization
can be found in the manual of the OSCOP P system program.
4. Remove notebook from the service interface COM S at the front of the
SIMEAS R.
7. Unscrew cover plate.
8. Unscrew knurled nut from switch S1.
9. Unscrew the front panel of the SIMEAS R. Only loosen the lower
screws, unscrew the upper screws completely.
10. Carefully remove connecting line (ribbon cable) between front panel
and CPU module at the CPU module.
11. Remove bus motherboard carefully from the inserted modules. Pay
attention not to bend the bus motherboard.
12. Pull out the acquisition unit to be removed at the front of the
SIMEAS R.
13. For the slot into which the new acquisition unit is to be inserted, the
existing signal lines as well as the interfaces must be removed at the rear
of the SIMEAS R.
14. After the old interfaces have been removed, screw on, according to
the type of the new acquisition unit, the interfaces for the new module at
the rear.
15. Now insert the new module from the front into the free slot. Make sure
the module snaps in correctly.
16. Insert the motherboard carefully again onto the individual modules.
Pay attention not to bend the bus motherboard.
17. Plug the connecting line (ribbon cable) between front panel and the
CPU module on the CPU module.
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18. Mount the front panel of the SIMEAS R again using the screws. When
inserting the front panel take care not to squeeze or pinch the ribbon
cable.
19. Screw knurled nut on switch S1.
20. Screw on cover plate.
21. Connect measuring signals to the new interfaces.
SIMEAS R.
25. Using the system program OSCOP P, isolate the new module and
parameterization can be found in Chapter 7.6,as well as in the manual of
the OSCOP P system program.
7.3.3
Extension of a SIMEAS R with Communication Components

For the extension of the SIMEAS R with communication components, a
distinction is made between external and internal units.
Modems, PADs as well as ISDN terminal adapters are designated as
external communication components. They are connected at the rear of
the SIMEAS R to the COM 1 interface.
The various PCCards are designated as internal communication
components. These are used, for example, for modem or Ethernet
connections. These cards are mounted in Slot 0 of the SIMEAS R.
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133
7.3.3.1
External Communication Components

2. Plug in data terminal with the associated cable to the COM 1 interface
at the back of the SIMEAS R.
3. Establish connection from the data terminal to the telephone outlet.
4. Turn on data terminal.
SIMEAS R.
program.
K07_Ph4.TIF
Figure 7-5 View of COM 1 interface
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7.3.3.2
Internal Communication Components

3. Unscrew the cover plate at the back of the SIMEAS R which is
mounted in front of the PCCard slot. The PCCard slot is located on the
back of the CPU module.
4. After removal of the cover plate, insert the PCCard into Slot 0.
5. Screw on the cover plate with cable guide slot which is included in the
extended scope of delivery. (A cover plate without slot can no longer be
used).
6. Insert the associated connecting cables into the opening of the
PCCard through the slot in the cover plate and connect it to the telephone
socket or to the HUB.
SIMEAS R.
program.
K07_Ph5.TIF
Figure 7-6 View of PCCard slot
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135
7.3.4
Extension of a SIMEAS R with External Auxiliary Equipment

At the moment, the synchronization unit as well as a printer for local
output are available as external auxiliary equipment.
7.3.4.1
Synchronization Unit
2. Connect connecting cable to the synchronization unit at terminals
7B1(+) and 7B2(-) at the rear of the SIMEAS R.
3. Connect connecting cable to the synchronization unit. More
information on this can be found in Chapter 9.2 Technical Data of the
7KE6000-8HA** Synchronization Unit.
4. Connect input signal and supply voltage to the synchronization unit.
5. Turn on the synchronization unit.
SIMEAS R.
program.
K07_Ph6.TIF
Figure 7-7 View of synchronization connection
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7.3.4.2
Printer
2. Connect connecting cable to the printer at the parallel interface LPT1
on the rear of the SIMEAS R (25-pin socket).
3. Connect connecting cable to the printer.
4. Connect supply voltage to the printer.
5. Turn on printer.
SIMEAS R.
8. Using the OSCOP P system program, enable local printer output.
More information on parameterization can be found in the manual of the
OSCOP P system program.
K07_Ph7.TIF
Figure 7-8 View of LPT1 interface
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137
7.4
Commissioning
Warning!
When operating electrical equipment, certain parts of this equipment
automatically carry dangerous voltages. Improper handling can therefore
result in serious injury or material damage.
Only qualified staff should work on this device, after becoming thoroughly
familiar with all warnings and safety notices in this manual as well as with
the applicable safety steps, safety regulations, and precautionary
measures.
Particular attention must be drawn to the following:
q
q
q
q
138
The equipment must be grounded at the PE terminal before making

any connections whatsoever.
Dangerous voltages may occur in all circuit components connected to
the power supply and to the measuring and test circuits.
Dangerous voltages may still exist in the equipment even after it has
been disconnected from the power supply (stored energy in the
capacitor).
The limit values specified in the manual must not be exceeded; this
must also be taken into account during inspection and
commissioning.
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SIMEAS R Startup
7.5
SIMEAS R Startup
Booting
When turning on the SIMEAS R or when re-booting the system after

parameter setting, the 16 LEDs at the front side of the SIMEAS R can
indicate different modes of operating during system start-up.
When all device parameters have been set, the 16 LEDs will light up for
approx. 2 minutes after the SIMEAS R has been turned on. During this
period the operating system and the SIMEAS R firmware are being
loaded.
Depending on the specific parameter settings, all or most of the 16 LED
will go off again. After booting, the directory of the installed hard disk is
read and the DAUs are prepared for measurement. This procedure takes
approx. further 1.5 minutes. At the end, the LED SIMEAS R ready for
operation lights up which shows that SIMEAS R is ready for
measurement.
Deviating from the procedure described above, the following booting
variants are possible:
After turning on the

SIMEAS R, the 8 red
LEDs start blinking
After the SIMEAS R has been turned on, all 16 LEDs on the SIMEAS R
will light up for approx. 2 minutes. During this period the operating system
and the SIMEAS R firmware are being loaded.
will go off again. But now, the 8 red LEDs start blinking. This means that
a memory area, e.g. the area reserved for storing the mean current and
voltage values, is being newly defined on the hard disk. Depending on
the memory size selected, this procedure may take several minutes. For
a memory size of 50 Mbytes, for example, the procedure will take approx.
14 minutes. Then, the directory of the installed hard disk is read and the
DAUs are prepared for measurement.
This procedure takes approx. further 10 seconds.
At the end, the LED SIMEAS R ready for operation lights up which
shows that SIMEAS R is ready for measurement.
After turning on the

SIMEAS R, the 8
green LEDs start
blinking
After the SIMEAS R has been turned on, all 16 LEDs on the SIMEAS R
will light up for approx. 2 minutes. During this period the operating system
and the SIMEAS R firmware are being loaded.
will go off again. But now, the 8 green LEDs start blinking. This means
that the size of a memory area already available is being changed, e.g.
the memory reserved for storing the mean current and voltage values.
During this procedure the old memory will be deleted and a new memory
of different size will be created.
Caution:
All data stored in this memory will be deleted, too.
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139
Depending on the memory size selected, this procedure may take

several minutes (see above). Then, the directory of the installed hard disk
is read and the DAUs are prepared for measurement. This procedure
takes approx. further 10 seconds.
At the end, the LED SIMEAS R ready for operation lights up which
shows that SIMEAS R is ready for measurement.
Battery-backed
Power Supply Unit
When booting the SIMEAS R, the proper function and capacity of the
installed accumulator are checked. During this period the LED Battery
capacity OK is blinking.
If this check shows that there is not enough accumulator capacity for
proper system disconnection, the SIMEAS R will not be released for
operation.
After a charging time of approx. 30 minutes, the SIMEAS R will be booted
again and the accumulator check will be repeated.
If the repeated check shows that the accumulator capacity is sufficient for
proper system disconnection, but has not been fully charged, the
SIMEAS R will be released for operation and accumulator charging will
be continued. In this case the LED Battery capacity OK will keep on
blinking until charging is completed.
7.6
Parameterization of the SIMEAS R
The SIMEAS R is parameterized using the OSCOP P system software.

Parameterization of the SIMEAS R without OSCOP P is not possible.
Note:
The procedure for parameterization of the SIMEAS R is described in the
OSCOP P manual.
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7.7
If all connections with regard to the present modules and connection

diagrams have been produced and after all steps described in the
chapter Quick Reference for the Commissioning of the SIMEAS R have
been completed, the SIMEAS R is ready for operation.
After the SIMEAS R has been turned on by operating the power switch
S1, it will be ready for operation in normal mode after a start-up time of
approx. 90 seconds.
The normal operating mode is indicated by the LEDs SIMEAS R ready
for operation, Operating voltage OK and Normal mode.
All parameterized functions are now ready for operation.
For further information and advanced operation of the SIMEAS R please
refer to the manual of the OSCOP P system software.
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141
142
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Maintenance
This chapter gives you an overview of the maintenance procedures

required for the SIMEAS R.
Contents
Safety Hints
144
8.2
Calibration
144
8.3
Fuses
145
8.4
Batteries
147
8.5
SIMEAS R Manual
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8.1
Cleaning
150
143
Maintenance
8.1
Safety Hints
When working at the SIMEAS R, especially when exchanging modules,

the following instructions must be observed without reservations.
The safety instructions at the beginning of this manual must be read

and must be observed!
CAUTION:
Even if turned off, the device carries voltage.
Prior to opening, disconnect the device from the power supply!
The modules can be removed without tools after opening of the front
panel. With the aid of the two handles at the top and bottom of the
vertically mounted module, they are pulled out of the housing.
To avoid damage to the components of the models by electrostatic
discharge, the following instructions must always be observed when
handling modules:
q
q
q
q
8.2
You must be statically discharged (e.g. by touching a grounded

object) or wear protective clothing corresponding to ESD
specifications prior to working with modules.
Use only devices and tools free of static charge.
Grasp the modules only at the edges and at the two pulling handles.
Do not touch any terminal pins or printed circuits.
Calibration
The SIMEAS R is calibrated ex factory. In practice, a calibration of the

input signals is not required. If you desire a recalibration, it must be
specifically ordered. Calibrations will always be performed at the
Siemens factory.
144
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Fuses
8.3
Fuses
8.3.1
General
The auxiliary power for the SIMEAS R is protected by the miniature fuse
F1 near the connector.
For a power supply with a battery pack, a soldered-in fuse F3 is provided
for battery protection. This fuse cannot be replaced and trips only in case
of severe hardware defects. Such cases require repair in the factory.
Table 8-1
Values of the fuses in the power supply

Auxiliary power
Power supply
Miniature fuse
F1 - for aux. power
Soldered-in fuse
F3 - for battery
DC 24-250 V or AC 110-230 V, 50/60 Hz
7KE6000-2GE
3.15 AT 5 x 20 mm
DC 24-250 V or AC 110-230 V, 50/60 Hz
7KE6000-2GF
3.15 AT 5 x 20 mm
4 AT/250 V
8.3.2
Exchange of Fuses
When exchanging fuses the safety instructions at the beginning of this
manual must be observed.
Procedure
q
q
q
Remove the front frame and front plate.

Pull the power supply module (right slot) out of the SIMEAS R housing
by loosening the black locking levers on the upper and lower section
of the module.
Place the power supply unit on a non-conducting surface with the
plate facing upwards, then remove the screening plate from the power
supply module by disassembling the 4 screws on the plate.
Note:
If you are using the battery-buffered version, carefully unfold the plate in
direction of the connecting cable of the battery back and put it aside.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Replace the miniature fuse F1 near the connector by an identical fuse

or a similar fuse type recommended by the manufacturer.
145
Maintenance
BedAnl_Abb6-1.tif
Figure 8-1 F1 miniature fuse (for auxiliary power) on the power supply
146
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Batteries
8.4
Batteries
8.4.1
General
When exchanging batteries, the safety instructions at the beginning of
this manual must be observed.
Only identical battery types or batteries recommended by the
manufacturers may be used for replacement.
Caution:
The batteries installed contain harmful substances according to the EEC
directives for batteries. For this reason, any uninstalled batteries are to
be recycled or disposed of properly.
8.4.2
Battery on the Central Processing Unit CPU

The G251 (Type Renata CR2477N) battery can be exchanged without
tools and serves to buffer the SETUP data and the real-time clock. It has
a nominal capacity of 950 mAh. For a typical discharging current of 25 A
(with the SIMEAS R switched off!), a minimum buffer time of about 4
years results. For a maximum discharge current of 100 A, a minimum
buffer time of about 1 year result.
Since the module is practically always supplied by the power supply, a
battery exchange is not necessary.
Clearance certificate regarding air transport:
The buffer battery utilized on the central processing unit CPU is a
RENATA Lithium battery. This battery is considered to be not
dangerous due to its structure and Lithium contents.
Type: Renata CR2477N, 3 V/950 mAh
Figure 8-2 Battery on the central processing unit
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147
Maintenance
8.4.3
Battery Pack on the Power Supply Module (Option)

The battery pack used is made up of 10 NiCd cylindrical cells for the
extended temperature range (-20 to +70 Celsius). Use only the battery
pack with 12 V/1200 mAh which is delivered as accessory / spare part.
The battery has a usable energy reserve of 12 Wh in the new state. This
results in a maximum buffer time of 10 minutes for a SIMEAS R with
maximum configuration.
The battery is continuously monitored by the CPU regarding discharge
degree and function.
If an insufficient battery charge level (possibly battery defect) is
determined, this is reported to the higher-level computer by a system
message.
For an ambient temperature of 55 Celsius, the lifetime of the buffer
battery is at least 3 years.
Battery Charging
A clocked circuit on the module charges the buffer battery with about
250 mA constant current to a voltage dependent on the ambient
temperature (a sensor measures the temperature near the battery block).
A full charge is reached after about 7 hours of continuous charging. To
increase the lifetime of the battery, the charging voltage is then switched
from continuous charging to compensation charging (pulse charging)
using temperature-compensating charge monitoring. For ambient
temperatures above 25C the battery is not charged to its maximum
capacity due to the temperature compensation. During pulse charging
the load circuit is activated for 1.5 minutes at 1 hour intervals. The
charging state of the buffer battery is displayed by the LEDs H1 and H3
on the power supply (for maintenance purposes) and monitored by the
CPU.
Battery test
The battery pack is subjected to a weekly load test to ensure the

minimum buffer time of approx. 10 minutes at maximum configuration.
The load test is performed for 6 minutes at 1.2 watts with simultaneous
monitoring of the low-batt indication. The signal BATT_TEST sent from
the CPU to the power supply module initiates the load test. If an
insufficient battery charge level is determined, this is reported to the
higher-level computer by a system message.
148
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Batteries
Battery Exchange
Caution:
Opening of the device may only be performed by qualified personnel.
When exchanging the buffer battery, the following order must be
observed:
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
q
Turn off power switch.

Disconnect the auxiliary power line of the installation from the voltage.
Wait about 10 seconds.
Remove the front frame and front plate.
Pull power supply module (right slot) out of SIMEAS R housing by
loosening the black locking levers on the upper and lower section of
the module.
Place the power supply unit on a non-conducting surface with the
plate facing upwards,
Unscrew the screening plate (4 screws) and fold in direction of the
battery cable.
Pull off plus battery line at battery.
Caution:
Danger of a short-circuit when terminals get into contact.
q
q
Assembly
Pull off minus battery line at battery.

Unscrew battery from the screening plate (attention: self-locking
nuts).
Assembly is done in reverse order.

Caution
Do not expose the FASTON tabs to excessive mechanical stress.
Battery Protection
by Fuses
The buffer battery is protected against overload and short-circuit by a F3

soldered-in fuse (see Chapter 8.3).
BedAnl_Abb6-4.tif
Figure 8-3 Buffer battery on the power supply unit
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149
Maintenance
8.4.4
Battery in the Synchronization Unit

The capacity of the battery in the synchronization unit is large enough for
a buffer time of at least 9 years when the power supply is deactivated.
During normal mode, i.e. with power supply active, the battery has a
lifetime of at least 17 years.
Therefore, a battery exchange is not required.
8.5
Cleaning
Caution:
When cleaning work is performed at the SIMEAS R system, the safety
instructions at the beginning of this manual must be observed without
reservations.
q
q
q
q
150
Liquid cleaning agents which could possibly get into the device must
not be used for cleaning.
Acid or caustic cleaning agents must not be used for cleaning the front
membrane of the SIMEAS R. If the front membrane is very dirty it may
be cleaned with a damp cloth and soap water.
We recommend to reduce cleaning of the device to the removal of
dust from the front membrane or front panel with a dry rag.
If further cleaning work on the rear of the device is required, it must be
observed that the modules connected may carry dangerous touch
voltages.
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Technical Data
This chapter gives you an overview of the most important technical data
of the SIMEAS R and its components.
Contents
Technical Data of the SIMEAS R
9.2
Technical Data of the 7KE6000-8HA** Synchronization Unit 170
9.3
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9.1
152
Technical Data of the Battery Pack
173
151
Technical Data
9.1
9.1.1
General Device Data
9.1.1.1
Mechanical Design
19" version
Dimensions (W X H x D)
Number of slots
223 x 266 x 300 mm

3
Slot 1: CPU
PCCard-Slot
1 x type I to II and 1 x type I to III
Slot 2: DAU (see Chapter 9.1.1.3)

Slot 3: Power supply
19" version
Number of slots
445 x 266 x 300 mm

6
Slot 1: CPU
PCCard-Slot
1 x type I to II and 1 x type I to III
Slot 2 5: DAU (see Chapter 9.1.1.3)

Slot 6: Power supply
(1/1 19" version)
9.1.1.2
Auxiliary Voltage
Low-voltage
Variant
DC voltage
Nominal auxiliary DC voltage UH
Permissible voltage ranges
24/48/60 V19 72 V-
High-voltage
Variant
DC voltage
Nominal auxiliary DC voltage UH
110/125/220/250 V88 300 V-
AC voltage 50/60 Hz
Nominal auxiliary AC voltage U~
115/230 V~
92 276 V~
Optionally with
Battery Pack
152
Power failure bridging time up to 10 min with all functions operating
SIMEAS R Manual
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Power
Consumption
19" version
8 analog/16 binary channels
19" version
32 analog/64 binary channels
9.1.1.3
24 V- 60 V110 V- 250 V115 V~ 230 V~
20 W
18 W
30 VA
24 V- 60 V110 V- 250 V115 V~ 230 V~
45 W
40 W
70 VA
Analog and Binary Inputs and Outputs

Slot 2
( 19" version)
Slots 2 5:
(19" version)
VCDAU
8 analog (4 current/4 voltage) and 16 binary

channels
CDAU
8 analog (8 current) and 16 binary channels
VDAU
8 analog (8 voltage) and 16 binary channels
BDAU
32 binary channels
DDAU
8 analog (8 current 20 mA or
8 voltage 1 V or 10 V)
and 16 binary channels
VCDAU, CDAU and

VDAU
Sampling frequency
4.3 kHz
16.67 Hz 12 20 Hz
12.8 kHz
50 Hz
40 60 Hz
15.36 kHz
60 Hz
50 70 Hz
64 times oversampling
Voltage input
(VDAU or VCDAU)
Measuring range 1
Impedance
Resolution
Overload capacity
Accuracy (at 23 1C and
nominal frequency)
1.5 200 Vrms

> 100 k
15 mV
max. 300 Vrms overvoltage for 5 s
class 0.3
0.25% of measured value 30 mV
Frequency response
3 5500 Hz (5%)
Number of analog-digital converters per channel1
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153
Technical Data
Measuring range 2
Impedance
Resolution
Overload capacity
Accuracy
(at 23 1C and nom. frequency)
3 400 Vrms
> 200 k
30 mV
max. 600 Vrms overvoltage for 5 s
class 0.3
0.25% of measured value 30 mV
Frequency response
3 5500 Hz (5%)
Number of analog-digital converters per channel1
Current input
(CDAU or VCDAU)
Dynamic AD and converter switching

Measuring range
5 mArms 400 Arms
Accuracy
(at 23 1C and nom. frequency) class 0.5
0.5% of measured value 0.5 mA
Frequency response
3 5500 Hz (5%)
Resolution
5 mArms 7 Arms 0.5 mA
>7 Arms 400 Arms 30 mA
Number of analog-digital
converters per channel
2
Overload
100 x Inominal (1 or 5 A) 1 s
1200 A dynamic
Display of the displacement
100% unlimited in case of short circuit
Recording
40 x Inominal,
plus 100% displacement
Burden
< 0.1 VA
DC inputs (DDAU)
Sampling frequency
Resolution
Accuracy (at 23 1C)
Insulation test voltage
10 Hz, 100 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz

per module (parameterizable)
(if used together with a
VCDAU, CDAU or VDAU, the
the DC channels are recorded in
parallel.
Only a sampling rate of 10 kHz per
channel is permitted.)
16 bits
0.25% of measured value
Deviates from information in the data
sheet
1500 V, 1 min
Input range (according to components
installed)
20 mA /50
10 V/>400 k
1 V/>40 k
Processing of higher DC voltages via isolation amplifier (e.g. SIMEAS T)
154
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Binary Inputs
(BDAU, VCDAU,
DDAU, CDAU and
VDAU)
Sampling frequency
Principle of storage
2 kHz
Only status changes are stored with
real time
to 1 ms
200 status changes per 32 inputs,
within 1 s, total storage
capacity depends on the parameter
setting (typically approx. 100.000
status changes)
Storage capacity
Voltage ranges of
control inputs
according to components installed
Input
voltage
L level
H level
24 V
12 V
18 V
48 60 V
24 V
36 V
110 125 V
48 V
75 V
220 250 V
96 V
165 V
Input current 1 mA
Input
voltage
24 V
28.8 V
48 60 V
72 V
110 125 V
150 V
220 250 V
9.1.1.4
Overload
300 V
Binary Inputs / Outputs

Control inputs
Input 1
External synchronization, e.g. DCF77

or GPS, optionally minute pulse
from a station clock.
24 60 V, filter time >2s
>110 V, filter time <5 s
Input 2
External start,
filter time 50 ms
Input 3
External reset,
filter time 50 ms
Input 4
SIMEAS R Manual
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External group alarm,

filter time 50 ms
155
Technical Data
Voltage ranges of
control inputs
according to components installed
Input
voltage
L level
H level
24 V
12 V
18 V
48 60 V
24 V
36 V
110 125 V
48 V
75 V
220 250 V
96 V
165 V
Input current 1 mA
Input
voltage
Input 1
Overload
Input 2 4
Overload
24 V
28.8 V
28.8 V
48 60 V
72 V
72 V
110 125 V
150 V
150 V
220 250 V
300 V
300 V
Signal outputs
4 signal outputs with isolated main

contact, signal output 1 hard-wired
to watchdog,
3 signal outputs freely allocable
Switching capacity
MAKE
BREAK
Switching voltage
Permissible current
Allocation of the signal outputs
and status of LEDs
156
30 W/VA
20 VA
30 W resistive
25 W for L/R 50 ms
250 V
1 A continuous

Normal mode
Test mode
Locked mode
Transmission SIMEAS R PC active
Recording event
DAU fault
Printer fault
Time synchronization error
Data memory fault
Data memory full
Battery capacity OK
Temperature monitoring <5C
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Temperature monitoring >+55C

Group alarm
Relay 1 not allocable; watchdog
Relay 2 freely allocable
9.1.1.5
Communication Interfaces
Slot 1 CPU
LPT1
Printer interface, Centronics,

for connection of a laser
printer (Emulation Postscript level 2)
COM2/COM S
RS232 serial interface,

on front, for connection of a
notebook, 19.2 kBd
COM1
RS232 serial interface, on rear

for connection of e.g. an additional
modem, 300 Bd 57.6 kBd
or an external ISDN terminal adapter
Ethernet adapter
compatible acc. to IEEE 802.3

Software TCP/IP
Twisted pair (10BaseT)
RJ45
Slot 1 data transmission and

and system connection selectable
Modem
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
Transmission rate up to 56 kBps

Dialling method audio and pulse
ITU/CCITT V.21, V.22, V.22 bis, V.23,
V.32, V.32 bis, V.34, V.90
Certified in all European countries
157
Technical Data
9.1.1.6
Electrical Tests
Safety regulations
Protection class
Protection type
Creepage distances and clearances
Electromagnetic compatibility
Electromagnetic HF-field
Amplitude-modulated
Electromagnetic HF-field
Pulse-modulated
IEC 61010-1; EN 61010-1

IEC 60536, VDE 0106 Part 1,
Terminals IP21, Housing IP20
IEC 61010-1, IEC 60255-5
Over Voltage category III
Degree of pollution 2
IEC 61000-4-3, ENV 50140

Test level 3, 10 V/m
80 1000 MHz,
80% Amplitude modulation
IEC 61000-4-3, ENV 50140
Test level 3, 10 V/m
Test frequency 900 MHz +/- 5 MHz,
Pulse modulation with 200 Hz
IEC 60255-22-3 method C
Transmitter-receiver
1 W to 6 W
Frequency ranges
60 87 MHz
146 174 MHz
420 470 MHz
Power frequency magnetic field IEC 61000-4-8, EN 61000-4-8

Continuous field
Test level 5, 100 A/m
Short duration (1 to 3 sec)
Damped oscillatory magnetic field
IEC 61000-4-10; EN 61000-4-10
Test frequency 0.1 MHz;
Repetition rate 40 Hz
Test level 1 MHz
Repetition rate 400 Hz
Electrostatic discharge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-2; EN 61000-4-2
Contact discharge
Test level 4, test Voltage 8kV
Air discharge
Test level 4, test Voltage 15 kV
158
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Immunity to conducted disturbances

IEC 61000-4-6; EN 61000-4-6
Test level 3
Voltage level 10 V
Frequency range 150 kHz to 80 MHz
Electrical fast transient / burst
IEC 61000-4-4; EN 61000-4-4
Auxiliary power supply AC / DC Test level 4, test Voltage 4kV,

Direct coupling
Signal lines, Control and
alarm lines and data and
printer lines
test level 4, test Voltage 2 kV,
Capacitive coupling
Repetition frequency 5 kHz
System frequency asymmetrical IEC 60770
PTest level 10 V rms and
customer specific
Test level 250 V rms
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159
Technical Data
Insulation Test
Table 9-1
IEC 60255-5; EN 61010-1
Insulation Test
Circuit
Nominal
voltage
insulation test voltage [kV] AC 50 Hz
III
II
group
IV
II
III
IV
Housing (PE)
3.25 kV
2.2 kV
2.2 kV
2.2 kV
Supply
voltage
group I
AC 230 V
DC 220 V
Analog
group II
AC 400 V
3.25 kV
3.25 kV
3.25 kV
3.25 kV
3.25 kV
Binary
group III
DC 220 V
2.2 kV
3.25 kV
2.2 kV
2.2 kV
2.2 kV
Signals
group IV
AC 230 V
DC 220 V
2.2 kV
3.25 kV
2.2 kV
2.2 kV
2.2 kV
Impulse Voltage
Test
Table 9-2
Circuit
IEC 60255-5; EN 61010-1
Impulse Voltage Test

Nominal
voltage
Impulse test voltage [kV], 1.2/50 s
III
II
Group
IV
II
III
IV
Housing (PE)
6 kV
4 kV
5 kV
6 kV
Supply
voltage
group I
AC 230 V
DC 220 V
Analog
group II
AC 400 V
6 kV
6 kV
6 kV
6 kV
6 kV
Binary
group III
DC 220 V
4 kV
6 kV
4 kV
4 kV
4 kV
Signals
group IV
AC 230 V
DC 220 V
4 kV
6 kV
4 kV
4 kV
4 kV
1 MHz burst disturbance tests

IEC 60255-22-1
auxiliary power supply, system and
signalling lines
Common- and differential-mode
Voltage 2.5 kV
Signal powers, data and
printer lines
Common-mode Voltage 2.5 kV;
Differential-mode Voltage 1.0 kV
160
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Surge
IEC 61000-4-5
Extended by customer specifications
Auxiliary power supply, Control and

signalling lines
Common Mode 4 kV,
Differential Mode 2 kV (extended 4 kV)
Oscillatory waves immunity test IEC 61000-4-12; EN 61000-4-12
Damped oscillation
Test level 3,
Common Mode 2,5 kV
Differential Mode 1 kV
Repetition frequency 100 kHz
and 1 MHz
Voltage dips and
short-interruptions
IEC 61000-4-11; EN 61000-4-11

IIEC 60255-11; VDE 0435 part 303
short-interruption 100% to 0%
for 50 ms
short-interruption 100% to 50%
for 100 ms
Voltage fluctuations
AC/DC power supply
IEC 61000-4-11; EN 61000-4-11

to 80%, 120% continuously,
to 40%, dynamic 2s, operation 2s
to 0%, dynamic 2s, operation 1s
Voltage breaks
AC power supply
IEC 61000-4-11, EN 61000-4-11

to 0% for 5 s with 50 / 60 Hz +/- 5%
shut down and automatic Start-Up
Voltage dips
AC power supply
IEC 61000-4-11; EN 61000-4-11

to 0% for 10 ms
to 40% for 100 ms
to 70% for 200 ms with 50 / 60 Hz +/- 5%
no effect on the function
Radiated noise
Radio interference
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
EN 55011; CISPR 55011

Limit class A, distance of the
test antenna 10 m, radio interference in
the frequency range
30 to 230 MHz 30 dB and
frequency range
230 to 1000 MHz 37 dB
161
Technical Data
Harmonics System
Alternating Current
AC Power Supply
IEC 61000-3-2; EN 61000-3-2

Table 9-3
Harmonics system alternating current
Harmonic
number n
Maximum permissible
harmonic current (in Ampere)
Odd order harmonics

3
2.30
1.14
0.77
0.40
11
0.33
13
0.21
15 n 39
0.15 x 15/n
Even order harmonics

2
4
0.43
0.30
8 n 40
9.1.1.7
1.08
0.23 x 8/n
Mechanical Tests
Vibration
1. Basic test
162
IEC 60068-2-6; IEC 60255-21-1

Vibration test under function
frequency range:10 Hz - 150 Hz
cross over frequency:58 Hz - 60 Hz
displacement: 0.035 mm
acceleration: 0.5 g
number of frequency cycles: 1
direction of stress:
3 axes, vertical to each other
Continuous stress test
Frequency range:10 Hz - 150 Hz
cross over frequency: 58 Hz - 60 Hz
Acceleration: 1 g
Number of frequency cycles: 20
Direction of stress: 3 axes,
vertical to each other
SIMEAS R Manual
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2. Extended tests according to

customer specific requirements Vibration test under function
Frequency range: 10 Hz - 150 Hz
cross over frequency: 58 Hz - 60 Hz
Displacement: 0.075 mm
Acceleration: 1 g
Number of frequency cycles: 1
Direction of stress:3 axes,
vertical to each other
Shock test
IEC 60068-2-27; IEC 60255-21-2
Acceleration: 5 g
Pulse duration: 11 ms
Number of pulses per direction: 3
Acceleration: 15 g
Acceleration: 10 g
Seismic test
9.1.1.8
IEC 60068-3-3; IEC60255-21-3 class 1

work instruction KWU DD/7080.09
dated 05.07.1993
Climatic Tests
Cold and dry heat
Transport and storage
Operation
Humidity
Damp heat
Change of temperature
IEC 60068-2-1 and IEC 60068-2-2

-25C to + 70C
-5C to + 55C
95% without condensation
IEC 60068-2-3
IEC 60068-2-14
Caution:
For the version with housing for panel surface mounting, only a
temperature range of 0 40C is permissible.
9.1.1.9
Packing
Ex factory
When dispatched from the factory, the equipment is packed in

accordance with the guidelines laid down in IEC 60255-21.
Transport
If alternative packing is used, this must also meet the same requirements
for transportation as laid down in IEC 60255-21-1 class 2 and
IEC 60255-21-2 class 1.
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163
Technical Data
9.1.1.10
Weights and Equipment Dimensions
Unit
Power supply
Power supply including battery
CPU
VCDAU
CDAU
VDAU
BDAU
DDAU
Total Weights
1 x 19" device equipped with 4 DAUs

x 19" device equipped with 1 DAU
Dimensions
19" unit
Dimensions (W x H x D)
3 slots
223 x 266 x 300 mm
19" unit
Dimensions (W x H x D)
6 slots
445 x 266 x 300 mm
8 analog / 16 binary channels

32 analog / 64 binary channels
20 Watt
40 Watt
Power
Consumption
164
about 1 kg
about 1.2 kg
about 1 kg
about 1.1 kg
about 1.2 kg
about 1 kg
about 0.6 kg
about 0.7 kg
about 15 kg
about 8 kg
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
9.1.2
9.1.2.1
Dimensions
Panel Flush Mounting, SIMEAS R 19" Version
03_m2_1e.wmf
Figure 9-1 Dimension drawing for panel flush mounting, SIMEAS R 19" version
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165
Technical Data
9.1.2.2
19" Flush Mounting, SIMEAS R 19" Version
03_m2_1e.wmf
Figure 9-2 Dimension drawing for 19" flush mounting, SIMEAS R 19" version
166
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9.1.2.3
Panel Flush Mounting, SIMEAS R 19" Version
03_m1_1e.wmf
Figure 9-3 Dimension drawing for 19" panel flush mounting, SIMEAS R 19" version (1)
SIMEAS R Manual
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167
03_m1_1e.wmf
Figure 9-4 Dimension drawing for 19" panel flush mounting, SIMEAS R 19" version (1)
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
9.1.2.4
19" Flush Mounting, SIMEAS R 19" version
03_m3_1e.wmf
Figure 9-5 Dimension drawing for 19" flush mounting, SIMEAS R 19" version
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169
Technical Data
9.2
Technical Data of the 7KE6000-8HA** Synchronization Unit
9.2.1
General
90 x 75 x120 mm
Weight
0.4 kg
Auxiliary voltage (version 1)
AC 110 V AC 230 V, 45 65 Hz,

and
DC 110 V DC 230 V 20%
Insulation voltage
2.5 KVrms
Auxiliary voltage (version 2)
AC 24 V DC 60 V 20%
Power consumption
4 W continuous,
15 W for 20 seconds
Ambient temperature
0 50C
Connection of
DCF77 HF
Type
Quiescent current
Pulse current
BNC socket, supplies +5 V

1 mA
3 mA 1 mA
Connection of
IRIG-B
Terminals
Binary signal
3 for cond. cross-section up to 2.5 mm2

Zero and signal,
TTL level, 0.3 V 5.3 V
Screen, a and b, 1 V, 1000 Hz
0.5 3 Vpeak-to-peak
600
9.2.2
Interfaces
Modulated carrier
Input 1kHz carrier
Input impedance
Outputs of
Serial Interfaces
Interface 1
Connection of DCF77 telegrams and parameterization

Receive data, input
Terminal 11
Send data, output
Terminal 12
GND
Terminal 13
Data link
V.28, 2400 9600 Baud
Interface 2
Time telegram for DAKON

Receive data, input
Send data, output
GND
Data link
170
Terminal 14
Terminal 15
Terminal 16
V.28, 9600 Baud
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Technical Data of the 7KE6000-8HA** Synchronization Unit
Synchronization of
the SIMEAS R
Auxiliary voltage 24V, 100mA

Pulse output
Signal
Intrinsic resistance
Terminal 10
Terminal 9
24 V, up to 100 mA
60 , PTC resistor
Optical Relay
AC voltage signals
Terminal 5
Terminal 7
max. 370 V and 150 mA
Terminal 5 or terminal 7
Terminal 6
max. 370 V and 150 mA
2.5 kVrms
Signal
DC voltage signals
Signal
Insulation voltage
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171
Technical Data
9.2.3
Connection Example
Figure 9-6 Connection example for a synchronization unit
172
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9.3
Type
Nominal voltage
DC 12 V
Nominal capacity
1.2 Ah
Usable power reserve
12 Wh
Temperature range
20 +70 Celsius
Lifetime
3 years (at 55C ambient

temperature)
Order number
SIMEAS R Manual
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Sanyo Cadnica N-1200SCK; NiCd
50812410063
173
Technical Data
174
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Default Parameters
10
Prior to delivery of the SIMEAS R, certain parameters are preset to

defaults. These default settings enable you to start working with the
system immediately after installation.
These parameters may have to be adjusted to the particular applications
and requirements in accordance with the specific customer network
present at site.
Since the main parameters of the SIMEAS R are included in the so-called
Control Panel, and since the Control Panels for the 8/16 and 32/64
systems are almost identical, the following list refers to the default
settings of the parameters of both systems.
The parameters shown are examples only and can, of course, be
changed according to customer requirements.
Contents
General
176
10.2
System Control
177
10.3
Description
180
10.4
SIMEAS R Manual
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10.1
Harmonics
180
175
Default Parameters
10.1 General
Language
Depending on the country of destination of the SIMEAS R unit, the

default designations of the channel legends, etc. will be adjusted to the
corresponding national language.
The languages available are:
q
q
q
q
German
English
French
Spanish
In case of doubt, the default language will be set to English, e.g. for the
channel legends, etc.
Password
If system parameters are to be changed, the password set in the

OSCOP P software must comply with the password defined for
SIMEAS R.
The devices will be delivered with a password defined for the
SIMEAS R system. This password will also be used under OSCOP P as
a standard password.
Operating Mode
To avoid recording of undesired events, e.g. caused by false parameter

assignment, the default operating mode is the locked mode.
When the SIMEAS R unit is switched on, it will, therefore, start up in the
locked mode.
After parameter adjustment, the SIMEAS R can be immediately switched
to normal mode.
176
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System Control
10.2 System Control
10.2.1 Configuration
The network frequency of the relevant customer network and the
corresponding DAU types are set with reference to the specific type of
SIMEAS R (8/16 or 32/64) used.
The names of the individual DAUs are defined by their type and the slot
number. The default setting for connection with VC-, C- and CDAUs is
star connection.
The current and voltage channels required for power recording at the
different modules are not assigned yet.
10.2.2 Local Printer / Time Synchronization / SIMEAS R Calling Master

Station
Independent of whether a SIMEAS R unit will be connected to a local
printer or to an external time synchronization device, the corresponding
functions will be preset for delivery as follows:
q
q
q
Local printer:
no
Time synchronization:
none (RTC)
SIMEAS R Calling Master Station
inactive
10.2.3 Device Functions

Mean Value
Recorder
Active
Averaging time: 600 s
Capacity: 15 Mbytes
Active/reactive power:
Active
Capacity: 15 Mbytes
Frequency/balance:
Active
Capacity: 15 Mbytes
Distortion factor:
Active
Capacity: 15 Mbytes
Harmonics:
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Voltage/current
Active
Capacity: 15 Mbytes
177
Default Parameters
DC voltage:
Analog:
Active
Capacity: 100 Mbytes
Binary:
Analog and Binary

Fault Recorder
Inactive
Capacity: 15 Mbytes
Active
Capacity: 10 Mbytes
Power/Frequency
Recorder
Inactive
Capacity: 30 Mbytes
10.2.4 Interfaces
Data Interface
The data interface is located on the rear of the SIMEAS R and is set to
modem operation at 19,200 bauds, with 8 data bits, 1 stop bit and no
parity.
Service Interface
The serial service interface is located on the rear of the SIMEAS R and
is set to modem operation at 19,200 bauds, with 8 data bits, 1 stop bit
and no parity. These parameters cannot be changed.
Note:
This interface cannot be used for modem connection.
PCMCIA Interface
If SIMEAS R with a network interface card, the parameters of this card

are set by the IP address 192.1681.100.
Note:
In all other cases a modem card with the following default settings is
used:
Type:
Baud rate:
Mode of connection:
Waiting time after disconnecting:
INIT String:
178
RS232
19200
Hayes Modem
1000 ms
ATQ0V1E0X0S0=1^M
SIMEAS R Manual
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System Control
10.2.5 LED, Relays, Group Alarm and Keys

LEDs
Tabelle 10-1 LEDs
No.
Red
No.
Green
DAU(s) fault
Printer fault
10
Synchronization error
11
Battery capacity OK
12
Recording event
Data memory fault
13
Transmission SIMEAS R-PC

active
14
Temperature<5C
15
Temperature>55C
16
Relay Tab
1. Watchdog (cannot be changed)

2. SIMEAS R ready
3. Recording event
4. Group alarm
Group Alarm Tab
The following indications are combined to a group alarm (OR logic):

1. DAU error
2. Printer error
3. Synchronization error
4. Data memory fault
Keys
1. Acknowledgement of group alarm

2. Normal mode
3. Locked mode
4. Test mode
5. Manual triggering
These settings cannot be changed.
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179
Default Parameters
10.3 Description
The settings of the different transformer ratios, the trigger thresholds and
the individual channel legends depend on the equipment settings made
in OSCOP P in the system control. As these equipment settings are
different for each device, they cannot be described here in detail.
The default nominal values are 380 kV/100 V or 15 kA/5 A. The default
values of the trigger thresholds depend on the Star/Delta/Mono settings
for system control.
The min. and max. triggers are generally set to 20%.
The nominal values and the trigger thresholds are always to be stated as
r.m.s. values of the corresponding primary value.
10.4 Harmonics
The default setting for harmonics is: 3, 5, 7, 11 and 13
180
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11
Annex
This chapter contains important additional information concerning

SIMEAS R, such as ordering information, terminal assignment diagrams,
etc.
Contents
Ordering Information and Accessories
182
11.2
Location Diagrams
183
11.3
Block Diagrams
193
11.4
Channel Assignment Diagrams
195
11.5
Circuit Diagrams
198
11.6
Cable Connection Diagrams (Auxiliary Power, Signals, Measuring

Circuits)
205
11.7
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11.1
Cable Connection Diagrams (Data Transmission)
213
181
Annex
11.1 Ordering Information and Accessories
Please use the most recent ordering information to be found in the

internet at www.powerquality.de.
182
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Location Diagrams
11.2 Location Diagrams
11.2.1 Location Diagram for ZE 8/16
Figure 11-1
Location diagram for ZE 8/16 (1)
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183
Annex
03_v3_2e.wmf
Figure 11-2
184
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Location Diagrams
11.2.2 Location Diagram for ZE 8/16 with VDAU
03_v4_1e.wmf
Figure 11-3
Location diagram for ZE 8/16 with VDAU
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185
Annex
11.2.3 Location Diagram for ZE 8/16 with CDAU
03_v5_1e.wmf
Figure 11-4
186
Location diagram for ZE 8/16 with CDAU
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Location Diagrams
11.2.4 Location Diagram for ZE 8/16 with BDAU
03_v5_1e.wmf
Figure 11-5
Location diagram for ZE 8/16 with BDAU
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187
Annex
11.2.5 Location Diagram for ZE 32/64
Figure 11-6
188
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Location Diagrams
Figure 11-7
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189
Annex
11.2.6 Location Diagram for ZE 32/64 with 2 x VCDAU
03_v7_1e.wmf
Figure 11-8
190
Location diagram for ZE 32/64 with 2 x VCDAU
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Location Diagrams
11.2.7 Location Diagram for ZE 32/64 with 4 x VCDAU
03_v8_1e.wmf
Figure 11-9
Location diagram for ZE 32/64 with 4 x VCDAU
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191
Annex
11.2.8 Location Diagram for ZE 32/64 with 1 x VCDAU and 3 x CDAU
03_v9_1e.wmf
Figure 11-10 Location Diagram for ZE 32/64 with 1 x VCDAU and 3 x CDAU
192
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Block Diagrams
11.3 Block Diagrams
11.3.1 Block Diagram for ZE 8/16 Central Processing Unit
Figure 11-11 Block Diagram for ZE 8/16 Central Processing Unit
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193
Annex
11.3.2 Block Diagram for ZE 32/64 Central Processing Unit
03_k1_1e.wmf
Figure 11-12 Block Diagram for ZE 32/64 Central Processing Unit
194
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11.4 Channel Assignment Diagrams
11.4.1 Channel Assignment Diagram for ZE 8/16
Figure 11-13 Channel Assignment Diagram for ZE 8/16
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195
Annex
11.4.2 Channel Assignment Diagram for ZE 32/64
Figure 11-14 Channel assignment diagram for ZE 32/64 (1)
196
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Figure 11-15 Channel assignment diagram for ZE 32/64 (2)
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197
11.5 Circuit Diagrams
11.5.1 Circuit Diagram for ZE 8/16
Figure 11-16 Circuit diagram for ZE 8/16 (1)
SIMEAS R Manual
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Circuit Diagrams
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E50417-B1076-C209-A2
199
Annex
11.5.2 Circuit Diagram for ZE 32/64
200
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Circuit Diagrams
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201
Annex
202
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Circuit Diagrams
SIMEAS R Manual
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203
Annex
204
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Cable Connection Diagrams (Auxiliary Power, Signals, Measuring Circuits)
11.6 Cable Connection Diagrams (Auxiliary Power,

Signals, Measuring Circuits)
11.6.1 CPU and Power Supply
Figure 11-23 Cable connection diagram for CPU and power supply
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205
Annex
11.6.2 CDAU
Figure 11-24 Terminal diagram for CDAU
206
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11.6.3 DDAU
Figure 11-25 Terminal diagram for DDAU
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207
Annex
11.6.4 BDAU
Figure 11-26 Terminal diagram for BDAU
208
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11.6.5 VCDAU
Figure 11-27 Terminal diagram for VCDAU
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209
Annex
11.6.6 VDAU
Figure 11-28 Terminal diagram for VDAU
210
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11.6.7 Connection Examples - VCDAU and VDAU

11.6.7.1 Star Connection
Example of the voltage connection (star connection) of a VCDAU/VDAU
which is located in slot 2. Nominal secondary voltage = 57.7 V
Channel
1
Line
Terminal
2D1
2D2
L3
3D1
3D2
4D1
SIMEAS R Manual
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L2
N
4
1D2
N
3
1D1
N
2
L1
Connection
4D2
211
Annex
11.6.7.2 Delta Connection
Channel
1
Line
L1
Terminal
Connection
1D1
1D2
L2
2D1
2D2
L3
3D1
3D2
212
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11.7 Cable Connection Diagrams (Data Transmission)
11.7.1 Assignment of the COM S Serial Interfaces

These interfaces are 9-pin SUB-D plug connectors at the front of the
SIMEAS R:
Tabelle 11-1 COM S serial interface assignments

Pin
Signal name
Function
Not assigned
RxD
Receive Data
Receive data
TxD
Transmit Data
Transmit data
4
5
Not assigned
0V
Signal Ground
Station ground/ground
Not assigned
Not assigned
Not assigned
Not assigned
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213
Annex
11.7.2 COM 1 serial interface assignments

This interface is a 9-pin SUB-D plug connector at the rear of the
SIMEAS R.
Tabelle 11-2 COM 1 serial interface assignments

Pin
Signal name
Function
DCD
Data Carrier Detect
Carrier detection
RxD
Receive Data
Receive data
TxD
Transmit Data
Transmit data
DTR
Data Terminal Ready
Data terminal ready
0V
Signal Ground
DSR
Data Set Ready
Data set ready
RTS
Request to Send
Transmitter on
CTS
Clear to Send
Clear to send
Ri
Ring Indicator
Incoming call
214
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11.7.3 Printer Parallel Interface Assignments

This interface is a 25-pin SUB-D socket connector at the rear of the
SIMEAS R.
25
13
14
Tabelle 11-3 PRINTER parallel interface assignments

Socket
Signal name
STROBE
Data Lines 0
Data line 0
Data Lines 1
Data line 1
Data Lines 2
Data line 2
Data Lines 3
Data line 3
Data Lines 4
Data line 4
Data Lines 5
Data line 5
Data Lines 6
Data line 6
Data Lines 7
Data line 7
10
ACKNOWLEDGE
11
BUSY
Not ready to accept
12
PAPER EMPTY
Out of paper
13
SELECT
Device selection
14
AUTO FEED
activ low
Automatic line feed
15
ERROR
activ low
Device error
16
INIT
activ low
Reset/initialize
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activ low
Function
activ low
Data
Data acknowledgement
215
Annex
Tabelle 11-3 PRINTER parallel interface assignments

Socket
Signal name
17
SELECT IN
18
GROUND
19
GROUND
20
GROUND
21
GROUND
22
GROUND
23
GROUND
24
GROUND
25
GROUND
216
activ low
Function
Selecting a printer
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Index
Index
A
Acquisition units (DAUs) 16
Additional acquisition modules 129
Alias frequencies 36
Analog dial modem 94
Analog/digital conversion 36
B
Batteries 147
Battery
in the synchronization unit 150
on the CPU 147
Battery capacity OK 140
Battery pack 29, 148
Charging 148
Testing 148
BDAU 16
Binary inputs (principle) 21
Binary recorder 9, 72
Memory utilization 73
Binary trigger 49
Block diagrams 193
Booting 139
C
Calculation of derived quantities 37
Active power 38
Apparent power 38
Current 37
Negative-sequence system
line-to-ground voltages 39
line-to-line voltages 39
line-to-ground voltages 39
line-to-line voltages 40
Power factor 38
Reactive power 38
Root-mean-square values of the harmonic 40
Unweighted harmonic distortion 40
Voltage 37
Weighted harmonic distortion 40
Calibration 144
CDAU 16
Central processing unit 14
Cleaning 150
COM 1 27
COM S 27
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Commissioning 109, 138

Commissioning of the SIMEAS R
Quick reference 110
Communication bus 14
Communication options 90
Connection of peripheral equipment 115
Connections
Parallel interfaces 33
Serial interfaces 32
CPU 14
Current transformer (principle) 19
D
Data compression 10, 42, 90
Data interface 27, 92
DAU 16
DDAU 16
Default settings 175
Default parameters 175
Harmonics 180
Interfaces 178
Language 176
LED, Relays, group alarm and keys 179
Mode 176
Password 176
System control 177
Description 89
Design 87
Device options 10
Device structure 10
Direct connection (serial) 91
E
Electric check 83
Exchange of acquisition units of different
types 132
Extension of a SIMEAS R
Communication components 133
Existing hardware 128
External auxiliary equipment 136
External leased-line modem 93
External modem 94
External star coupler 103
External trigger 48
F
Fault recorder 4, 52
Locked mode 52
Mass storage 5
217
Index
Measured quantities 4
Memory for pre-event history 4
Normal mode 52
Processing of measured and calculated
quantities 54
Sequence control 57
Test mode 52
Trigger block 57
Trigger functions 56
Features of the individual acquisition units
(DAUs) 22
Firmware 30
First steps 81
Flicker calculation 6
Fourier transformation 37
Front 78
Functions 3, 51
Fuses 145
Exchange 145
G
Gradient trigger DM/Dt 47
Grounding 115
H
High immunity to interference 11
High quality 11
Hotline v
Housing options 31
Light emitting diodes 78

Location diagrams 183
Logical pattern with triggers 49
M
Maintenance 143
Safety hints 144
Mass storage 10, 14
Mean value recording 6
Method of measurement 35
Minute pulse 25
N
Normal mode 141
O
Operating modes 51
Operating system 30
Operating voltage OK 141
Operation of the SIMEAS R 141
Operation via OSCOP P 84
Optical converter 93
Ordering information and accessories 182
OSCOP P
Operation of the SIMEAS R 84
Output on a printer 89
Oversampling 36
Incoming inspection of the device 83

Input for voltage 18
Installation 109
Cable connection
Auxiliary power, signals, measuring
circuits 117
Data transmission 120
Connecting lines 121
Connection 111
Feeding of the cables 114
Grounding, shielding and connection of
peripheral equipment 115
Preassembled connection cables 127
Installation with hub and transceiver 104
Interfaces 15
Introduction 1
ISDN terminal adapter 94
Parameterization 11
Parameterization of the SIMEAS R 140
PCCard Modem 96
PCCard Slot 0 27
Power and frequency recorder 8, 67
Mass storage and data output 8
Pre-event history and post-event history
8
quantities 69
Sequence control 71
Trigger 8
Trigger functions 70
Power calculation 108
Power measurement 41
Power supply 10, 29
Printer port 28
Processing 54
LAN Connection 98
LEDs blink after booting 139
Level trigger Min/Max 44
Real-time synchronization 24
Remote data transmission 11
Remote diagnosis 11
218
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Index
Resolution 36
S
Sampling 36
Scope 2
Self-monitoring 74
Logging 77
Sequence control 44
Service interface 27, 91
Shielding 115
Signal conditionings 16
Binary signals 21
Direct voltage and current 20
Signals and their cause 78
SIMEAS R
and dial modem (settings) 105
and ISDN 105
and network (settings) 106
Description 89
Synchronization of multiple devices 108
SIMEAS R ready for operation 141
SIMEAS R startup 139
Storage 85
Storage capacity 88
Structure 13
Switching HUB 98
Synchronization of multiple SIMEAS R 108
System messages 74
Parameterization 77
System quality and mean value recorder 64
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
quantities 65
System quality registration 6
Mass storage 6
T
Technical data
Battery pack 173
Test recorder 9
Time message 25
Time synchronization 11, 23
Transformer 10
Transmission rate 11
Transport 84
Trigger
for abrupt changes 46
for negative-sequence system 48
Logical pattern 49
Triggers 43
U
Unpacking and packing the device 82
V
VCDAU 16
VDAU 16
Verification of the specifications 83
Voltage dips 7
X
X.25-Packet switching service 102
219
Index
220
SIMEAS R Manual
E50417-B1076-C209-A2
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3UHIDFH 7DEOH RI &RQWHQWV

Hazardous voltages can be present on all switching components connected to the

Document No. E50417-B1076-C209-A2

If you have any questions about general, sales or licensing matters in

For technical questions related to POWER QUALITY, especially about

You can find our training program on the Internet at:

Acquisition Units (DAUs) and Signal Conditionings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sampling and Analog/Digital Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Calculation of Derived Quantities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

System Quality and Mean Value Recorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power and Frequency Recorder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

System Messages and Self-monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unpacking and Packing the Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Incoming Inspection of the Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operation via OSCOP P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Synchronization of Multiple SIMEAS R Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installation and Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Quick Reference for the Commissioning of the SIMEAS R . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installation and Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Extension of Existing Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parameterization of the SIMEAS R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operation of the SIMEAS R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Technical Data of the SIMEAS R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Technical Data of the 7KE6000-8HA** Synchronization Unit. . . . . . . . . . .

Technical Data of the Battery Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ordering Information and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Block Diagram for ZE 8/16 Central Processing Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Channel Assignment Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cable Connection Diagrams (Auxiliary Power,

Cable Connection Diagrams (Data Transmission) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Glossary, Reference Literature

Quality assurance in power plants and in extra-high, high and medium

Fault recorder with high sampling rate and integrated data

The measured quantities are voltages and currents from measuring

Memory for Preevent History

The possibility to record a short pre-event history is important because

Memory for Postevent History

The duration of an event cannot be predicted since retriggering may take

Events may occur in a sequence faster than they can be processed,

A Siemens approved printer can be connected for data output. It

System Quality Registration, Mean Value Recording and Flicker

UL1-E, UL2-E, UL3-E, UE-N

U1-2, U2-3, U3-2

U1, U2, U3, U4

I1, I2, I3, IN

I1, I2, I3, I4

P1, P2, P3, P4

Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4

DW1, DW2, DW3

DW1, DW2, DW3

DUW1, DUW2, DUW3

DUW1, DUW2, DUW3

H1n, H2n, H3n

H1n, H2n, H3n

H1n, H2n, H3n, H4n

DC signals (only for DDAUs) Xn

The recorded measured values are stored in an internal mass storage

For an optimum localization of power system events on the basis of their

Power and Frequency Recorder

As for the fault recorder but for a larger period.

Mass Storage and

As for the fault recorder.

Binary Recorder (Event Printer)

3UHIDFH 7DEOH RI &RQWHQWV