UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

* 2 3 2 5 3 8 8 8 4 8 *

5070/21

CHEMISTRY
Paper 2 Theory

October/November 2013
1 hour 30 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

No Additional Materials are required.
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
Section A
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in the Question Paper.
Section B
Answer any three questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in the Question Paper.
Electronic calculators may be used.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 16.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 16 printed pages.

DC (SJF/SW) 58088/4
UCLES 2013

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2
Section A

For
Examiners
Use

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

The total mark for this section is 45.

A1 Choose from the following compounds to answer the questions below.

calcium oxide
carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
copper(II) sulfate
ethanol
ethene
iron(II) chloride
iron(III) chloride
nitrogen dioxide
silver chloride
silver iodide
sulfur dioxide
Each compound can be used once, more than once or not at all.
Which compound is
(a) a solid, which when dissolved in water, gives a green precipitate with aqueous
ammonia,
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) a colourless gas which is formed when limestone is heated strongly,
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) a gas which is formed in the atmosphere by lightning activity,
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) a basic oxide,
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(e) formed when ethane undergoes complete combustion,
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(f)

a white salt which is insoluble in water?

...................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 6]

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A2 Alkenes are a homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbons.

For
Examiners
Use

(a) Give the general formula of alkenes.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) In addition to having a general formula, state two other characteristics of a homologous
series.
1 .......................................................................................................................................
2 ................................................................................................................................... [2]
(c) Alkenes can be made by cracking alkanes.
(i)

Give one condition required for cracking.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

Tetradecane, C14H30, can be cracked to form an alkene containing eight carbon

atoms and an alkane.
Construct an equation for this reaction.

[1]
(d) Ethene reacts with bromine to form 1,2-dibromoethane, CH2BrCH2Br.
Name this type of reaction.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(e) Ethene reacts with hydrogen chloride to form the covalent compound chloroethane,
CH3CH2Cl.
Suggest two physical properties of chloroethane.
1 .......................................................................................................................................
2 ................................................................................................................................... [2]
(f)

Halogenoalkanes such as CCl2F2 are responsible for the depletion of ozone in the
upper atmosphere.
Describe the importance of the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2]

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[Total: 10]
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4
A3 Calcium, proton number 20, is an element in Group II of the Periodic Table.

For
Examiners
Use

(a) Give the electronic configuration for calcium.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Calcium has six naturally-occurring isotopes.
(i)

State the meaning of the term isotopes.

..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

Complete the following table to show the number of sub-atomic particles in two of
these isotopes.
isotope

number of
protons

number of
electrons

number of
neutrons

42Ca
48Ca

[3]
(c) Calcium chloride can be formed by reacting calcium carbonate with dilute hydrochloric
acid.
(i)

Construct an equation for this reaction.

[1]

(ii)

Write both the formula and the electronic configuration for the ions present in
calcium chloride.

[2]
(d) (i)

Name the products formed at the anode and cathode when molten calcium chloride
is electrolysed.
anode .......................................................................................................................
cathode ................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii)

Predict the product formed at the cathode when a dilute aqueous solution of
calcium chloride is electrolysed.
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(iii)

Explain why solid calcium chloride does not conduct electricity.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 11]

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A4 Nitrogen and oxygen are present in dry air.

For
Examiners
Use

(a) What is the percentage composition by volume of each of these gases in dry air?
nitrogen ............................................................................................................................
oxygen ......................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) What method is used to separate these gases from each other?
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) In a petrol engine, nitrogen and oxygen combine to form oxides of nitrogen such as
nitrogen dioxide, NO2.
State one harmful effect that nitrogen dioxide has on the environment.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) One of the hydrocarbons in petrol is octane, C8H18.
In a petrol engine, some of the octane reacts to form carbon monoxide and water.
Construct an equation for this reaction.

[2]
(e) Catalytic converters are used to remove carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide from the
exhaust gases of petrol engines.
A catalyst containing rhodium and platinum or palladium is present in a catalytic
converter.
What is the function of a catalyst?
...................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(f)

In a catalytic converter, carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide undergo redox reactions.
These reactions reduce the amount of carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in car
exhausts.
(i)

What is meant by the term redox reaction?

..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

Explain how the redox reactions in the catalytic converter decrease the amounts of
carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in car exhausts.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]
[Total: 10]

A5 Hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, is a colourless liquid.

(a) Calculate the percentage by mass of oxygen in hydrogen peroxide.

..............................................% [2]
(b) The enzyme catalase is present in yeast. The enzyme catalyses the decomposition of
aqueous hydrogen peroxide.
2H2O2(aq)

2H2O(l) + O2(g)

The apparatus below is used to monitor this reaction.

water
yeast
+ hydrogen
peroxide solution

water

What measurements should be taken in order to monitor the rate of this reaction?
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2]

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Examiners
Use

7
(c) Describe and explain the effect of increasing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide on
the rate of this reaction.

For
Examiners
Use

..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [3]
(d) The graph below shows how the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, catalysed
by yeast, varies with temperature. All other conditions are kept constant.

rate of
reaction

10

20

30
40
50
temperature / C

60

Suggest why the rate of reaction decreases rapidly from 45 C to 60 C.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 8]

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8
Section B
Answer three questions from this section in the spaces provided.
The total mark for this section is 30.
B6 Iron is extracted from its ore (haematite, Fe2O3) in a blast furnace.
Coke (carbon) and limestone (calcium carbonate) are also added to the furnace.
(a) Describe the essential reactions taking place in the blast furnace.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [4]
(b) Steel is an alloy made by the addition of carbon or metals to iron.
Use the diagrams below to explain why an alloy of iron and manganese is less malleable
than pure iron.
Key
iron atoms
manganese atoms
iron

alloy of iron and manganese

..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2]

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9
(c) Iron reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to form iron(II) chloride.
Fe(s) + 2HCl (aq)

For
Examiners
Use

FeCl2(aq) + H2(g)

A student added 2.1 g of iron to 50 cm3 of 0.10 mol / dm3 hydrochloric acid.
(i)

Calculate the amount, in moles, of iron present.

........................................... mol [1]

(ii)

Calculate the amount, in moles, of hydrochloric acid present.

........................................... mol [1]

(iii)

Calculate the volume of hydrogen formed in this reaction, measured at room

temperature and pressure.

...........................................cm3 [2]
[Total: 10]

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B7 (a) A compound of carbon, hydrogen and chlorine contains 0.48 g of carbon, 0.08 g of
hydrogen and 1.42 g of chlorine.
(i)

Deduce the empirical formula of this compound.

[2]
(ii)

The relative molecular mass of this compound is 99.

Deduce the molecular formula of this compound.

[1]
(b) Chloroethene is another compound containing carbon, hydrogen and chlorine.
The structure of chloroethene is shown below.
H

Cl

Draw a section of the polymer formed when chloroethene undergoes polymerisation to

form poly(chloroethene).

[2]

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11
(c) Poly(chloroethene) is an addition polymer but nylon is a condensation polymer.
Describe the difference between an addition polymer and a condensation polymer in
terms of how they are formed from their monomers.

For
Examiners
Use

..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) Chloroethene is made by reacting ethene with hydrogen chloride and oxygen in the
presence of a catalyst of copper(II) chloride, CuCl2. The other product of the reaction is
water.
(i)

Construct an equation for this reaction.

[1]
(ii)

Copper(II) chloride is made by heating copper(II) oxide, CuO, with hydrochloric

acid.
Construct an equation for this reaction.

[1]
(iii)

Copper is a transition element.

State two physical properties of copper which are different from those of a typical
Group I element such as sodium.
1 ...............................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 10]

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B8 Zinc sulfide is a compound that can be made by heating zinc powder with sulfur powder.
(a) Describe two differences between a mixture of zinc and sulfur and a compound of zinc
and sulfur.
1 .......................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
2 .......................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) The reaction between zinc and sulfur is exothermic.
Complete the energy profile diagram for this reaction.
On your diagram label
the product,
the enthalpy change for the reaction, H.

energy

zinc + sulfur

progress of reaction
[2]
(c) Part of the structure of zinc sulfide is shown below.

Key
Zn ions
S ions

Deduce the empirical formula of zinc sulfide from this structure.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

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Examiners
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13
(d) Zinc sulfide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form hydrogen sulfide.
An aqueous solution of hydrogen sulfide behaves as a weak acid.

For
Examiners
Use

Describe what is meant by the term weak acid.

..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(e) Zinc sulfate can be made by reacting zinc with dilute sulfuric acid.
Zn(s) + H2SO4(aq)
(i)

ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g)

Write an ionic equation for this reaction.

[1]
(ii)

Describe how you would prepare crystals of pure, dry zinc sulfate using this
reaction.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [3]
[Total: 10]

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B9 Ethanoic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form water and a salt.
(a) Give the formula of the salt.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) The reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium hydroxide is described as a
neutralisation reaction.
Write the simplest ionic equation for this reaction.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) Ethanoic acid reacts with methanol to form an ester and water.
CH3CO2H + CH3OH

CH3CO2CH3 + H2O

The reaction is endothermic.

(i)

Describe what happens to the position of this equilibrium when the concentration of
methanol is increased. Explain your answer.
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

Describe what happens to the position of this equilibrium when the temperature of
the reaction mixture is decreased. Explain your answer.
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) The structure of the ester methyl benzoate is shown below.

H
O

C
C

C
C

C
H

H
H

H
Deduce the molecular formula for methyl benzoate.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]

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15
(e) Sodium hydroxide is an alkali.
Give the formula of the ion present in sodium hydroxide which causes it to be alkaline.

For
Examiners
Use

...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(f)

A student titrated a metal hydroxide with 0.200 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid.

It required 12.5 cm3 of hydrochloric acid to neutralise 25.0 cm3 of 0.0500 mol / dm3 metal
hydroxide solution.
(i)

Calculate the amount, in moles, of hydrochloric acid used.

........................................... mol [1]

(ii)

Calculate the amount, in moles, of metal hydroxide present.

........................................... mol [1]

(iii)

Construct an equation for this reaction.

Use the letter M to represent the metal in the metal hydroxide solution.

[1]
(g) Name a metal hydroxide which can be used to treat excess acidity in soils.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 10]

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

UCLES 2013

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 UCLES 2013

20

Calcium

5070/21/O/N/13

Strontium

Actinium

Key

b = atomic (proton) number

X = atomic symbol

a = relative atomic mass

* 5871 Lanthanoid series

90103 Actinoid series

89

Radium

88

Francium

87

227

Ac

226

Ra

72

Hafnium

Lanthanum

57

178

Hf

40

Zirconium

Zr

91

Titanium

139

Yttrium

22

48

Ti

La

39

89

Scandium

21

223

Barium

56

Caesium

45

Sc

Fr

55

137

Ba

133

Cs

38

Rubidium

37

88

Sr

85

Rb

19

Potassium

40

Ca

39

Magnesium

Sodium

12

24

Mg

23

Na

Beryllium

Lithium

11

Be

II

Li

93

Ta

181

Niobium

Nb

90

58

73

52

96

Mo

184

55

Tc
186

Re

144

Nd

92

60

Uranium

238

Neodymium

75

Rhenium

43

Technetium

25

Manganese

Mn
27

59

28

59

29

64

30

65

Ru

101

Iron

190

Pm

147

Osmium

Os

237

Np
93

Neptunium

61

Promethium

76

44

Ruthenium

26

56

Fe

150

Sm
244

Pu
94

Plutonium

62

Eu

152

Platinum

243

Am
95

Americium

63

Europium

78

Pt

Iridium

195

Ir

46

Palladium

Pd

106

Nickel

Ni

192

Samarium

77

45

Rhodium

Rh

103

Cobalt

Co

Gd

157

Gold

Au

197

Silver

96

64

Curium

Cm

247

Gadolinium

79

47

Ag

108

Copper

Cu

201

Bk

247

Terbium

Tb

159

Mercury

Hg

97

Berkelium

65

80

48

Cadmium

Cd

112

Zinc

Zn

11

Dy

162

Thallium

Tl

204

Indium

251

Cf
98

Californium

66

Es

252

Holmium

Ho

165

Lead

Pb

207

Tin

99

Einsteinium

67

82

50

119

Sn

115

32

Germanium

Ge

73

Silicon

In

Gallium

Dysprosium

81

49

31

70

Ga

14

28

Si

Carbon

27

Aluminium

13

12

Al

Boron

B
7

14

75

Sb

122

Arsenic

As

Bi

209

Fermium

Fm

257

Erbium

Er

167

Bismuth

100

68

83

51

Antimony

33

15

Phosphorus

31

Nitrogen

N
8

Se

79

Sulfur

32

Oxygen

209

Po

169

Md

258

Thulium

Tm

101

Mendelevium

69

84

Polonium

52

Tellurium

Te

128

Selenium

34

16

16

O
9

Yb

173

Astatine

At

210

Iodine

127

Bromine

Br

80

Chlorine

259

No
102

Nobelium

70

Ytterbium

85

53

35

17

Cl

35.5

Fluorine

19

Lr

260

Lutetium

Lu

175

Radon

Rn

222

Xenon

Xe

131

Krypton

Kr

84

Argon

Ar

40

Neon

103

Lawrencium

71

86

54

36

18

10

Ne

20

Helium

Hydrogen

VII

VI

He

IV

III

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).

91

Protactinium

Thorium

231

Pa

Th

232

Praseodymium

Cerium

59

141

Pr

140

74

Tungsten

42

Molybdenum

24

Chromium

Cr

Ce

Tantalum

41

23

Vanadium

51

Group

DATA SHEET
The Periodic Table of the Elements

16

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level

* 4 1 7 8 9 7 1 3 5 7 *

5070/22

CHEMISTRY
Paper 2 Theory

October/November 2013
1 hour 30 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

No Additional Materials are required.
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
Section A
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in the Question Paper.
Section B
Answer any three questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided in the Question Paper.
Electronic calculators may be used.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 16.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 16 printed pages.

DC (SJF/SW) 58087/5
UCLES 2013

[Turn over

2
Section A

For
Examiners
Use

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

The total mark for this section is 45.

A1 Choose from the following elements to answer the questions below.

chlorine
hydrogen
iron
lithium
nickel
nitrogen
oxygen
potassium
silver
sulfur
vanadium
zinc
Each element can be used once, more than once or not at all.
Which element
(a) is liberated at the anode when an aqueous solution of potassium sulfate is electrolysed,
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) is used as a catalyst in the manufacture of margarine,
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) is a non-metallic solid, an atom of which contains only six valency electrons,
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(d) is higher than sodium in the reactivity series,
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(e) is in Period 5 of the Periodic Table,
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(f)

forms a white oxide which is amphoteric?

...................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 6]

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A2 Carboxylic acids are a homologous series containing the CO2H group.
The table shows some properties of the first four carboxylic acids in the series.
carboxylic acid

molecular
formula

density
in g / cm3

boiling point
in C

CH2O2

1.220

101

C2H4O2

1.049

118

propanoic acid

C3H6O2

0.993

141

butanoic acid

C4H8O2

0.958

165

methanoic acid

(a) (i)

For
Examiners
Use

Describe how the density of these carboxylic acids varies with the number of
carbon atoms in the molecule.
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

Name the carboxylic acid with the molecular formula C2H4O2.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(iii)

Draw the structure of propanoic acid, showing all atoms and bonds.

[1]
(b) The next carboxylic acid in this homologous series is pentanoic acid.
Pentanoic acid has five carbon atoms.
(i)

Deduce the molecular formula for pentanoic acid.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

Suggest a value for the boiling point of pentanoic acid.

............................................. C [1]

(c) Butanoic acid, C3H7CO2H, reacts with sodium to form a salt and a gas.
(i)

Name the gas.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

Give the formula of the salt.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

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(d) Esters are formed when carboxylic acids react with alcohols.
The reaction is catalysed by hydrogen ions.
(i)

For
Examiners
Use

Describe and explain the effect of a catalyst on reaction rate.

..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii)

State one commercial use of esters.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(iii)

The structure of an ester is shown below.

O
H

Name this ester.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 11]

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A3 Silicon is an element in Group IV of the Periodic Table.

For
Examiners
Use

(a) Give the electronic configuration for a silicon atom.

...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Silicon has three naturally occurring isotopes.
Complete the following table for two of these isotopes.
isotope

28Si

30Si

number of protons
number of electrons
number of neutrons

[3]

(c) Silicon reacts with chlorine on heating to form silicon(IV) chloride, SiCl4.
Construct an equation for this reaction.

[1]
(d) Silicon(IV) chloride is a simple molecular compound.
(i)

Suggest two physical properties of silicon(IV) chloride other than solubility.

1 ...............................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Draw a dot-and-cross diagram for silicon(IV) chloride.

You only need to show the outer shell electrons for each atom.

[2]
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(e) Silicon(IV) chloride reacts with water to form silicon(IV) oxide.
Part of the structure of silicon(IV) oxide is shown below.

For
Examiners
Use

Key
silicon atom
oxygen atom

Explain, in terms of structure and bonding, why silicon(IV) oxide has a very high melting
point.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 11]

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A4 The carbon cycle regulates the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
(a) (i)

For
Examiners
Use

State two processes which release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
1 ...............................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii)

Name one process which removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas.

(i)

What is the meaning of the term greenhouse gas?

..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

Name another greenhouse gas and give a natural source of this gas.
name ........................................................................................................................
source .................................................................................................................. [2]

(c) Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form a weakly acidic solution.

CO2(g) + H2O(l)
(i)

HCO3(aq) + H+(aq)

What is the meaning of the term weak acid ?

..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

Describe how you could measure the pH of this solution other than by using a pH
meter.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(d) Sodium hydrogencarbonate, NaHCO3, decomposes on heating to form a carbonate,

water and a gas which turns limewater milky.
Construct an equation for this reaction.

[2]
[Total: 11]
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8
A5 A student reacts magnesium ribbon with excess hydrochloric acid.
She follows the course of the reaction by measuring the volume of gas produced against
time.
(a) Write the equation for the reaction of magnesium with hydrochloric acid.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) (i)

On the axes below draw a sketch graph to show how the volume of gas produced
during the reaction varies with time and label this line A.
Label the axes with the appropriate units.

[2]
(ii)

The student then carries out the experiment at a lower temperature. All the other
conditions remain the same.
On the axes above draw another line to show how the volume of gas produced
varies with time and label this line B.
[1]

(c) Magnesium reacts with carbon to form the compound magnesium carbide.
Calculate the percentage by mass of magnesium in magnesium carbide, MgC2.

[2]
[Total: 6]

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Examiners
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9
Section B

For
Examiners
Use

Answer three questions from this section in the spaces provided.

The total mark for this section is 30.

B6 Aluminium is extracted from purified bauxite by electrolysis.

(a) Describe how this electrolysis is carried out and construct equations for the reactions
occurring at both the anode and cathode.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [4]
(b) What properties of aluminium make it useful for
(i)

making aircraft, .........................................................................................................

(ii)

making electricity cables. ...................................................................................... [2]

(c) Aluminium is high in the reactivity series.

(i)

Explain why aluminium does not react with aqueous copper(II) sulfate.
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii)

When a few drops of aqueous sodium chloride are added to a mixture of aluminium
and aqueous copper(II) sulfate, a vigorous reaction occurs.
copper(II) sulfate + aluminium

aluminium sulfate + copper

What type of reaction is this?

.............................................................................................................................. [1]
(iii)

State the formula of aluminium sulfate.

.............................................................................................................................. [1]
[Total: 10]

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B7 Ethene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

For
Examiners
Use

(a) What is the meaning of each of these terms?

unsaturated ......................................................................................................................
hydrocarbon ................................................................................................................. [2]
(b) Ethene can be manufactured by cracking.
(i)

State the conditions used for cracking.

..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii)

Construct an equation for the cracking of tetradecane, C14H30, to form ethene and
one other hydrocarbon.
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) Alkenes such as ethene can undergo addition polymerisation.

(i)

State one use of poly(ethene).

.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

The diagram below shows a section of a polymer chain.

C2H5
CH

C2H5
CH2

CH

C2H5
CH2

CH

CH2

Deduce the structure of the monomer which is used to make this polymer.

[1]

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(d) Ethanol can be manufactured by the catalytic addition of steam to ethene.
C2H4 + H2O

For
Examiners
Use

C2H5OH

If the reactants are not recycled, only 5% of the ethene is converted to ethanol.
Calculate the mass of ethanol formed from 0.4 tonnes of ethene when only 5% of the
ethene is converted to ethanol.
[1 tonne is 1 000 000 grams]

mass of ethanol ...................................... tonnes [3]

[Total: 10]

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12
B8 When hydrogen iodide, HI, is heated in a closed tube, the following dynamic equilibrium is
established.
2HI(g)

H2(g) + I2(g)

H = + 9.6 kJ / mol

(a) What is meant by the term dynamic equilibrium?

..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2]
(b) The table shows the concentrations of HI(g), H2(g) and I2(g) in the equilibrium mixture
at 25 C and 450 C.

(i)

substance

concentration at 25 C
/ mol / dm3

concentration at 450 C
/ mol / dm3

HI(g)

0.94

0.79

H2(g)

0.033

0.11

I2(g)

0.033

0.11

The tube has a volume of 50 cm3.

Calculate the mass of hydrogen iodide in the equilibrium mixture at 25 C.

[2]
(ii)

Describe and explain the differences in the concentrations of reactant and products
at 25 C and 450 C.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]

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13
(c) Complete the energy profile diagram for the decomposition of hydrogen iodide.
On your diagram label
the products,
the enthalpy change of the reaction, H.

energy

For
Examiners
Use

reactants

progress of reaction

[2]

(d) An aqueous solution of hydrogen iodide contains iodide ions.

Describe a test for iodide ions.
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 10]

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14
B9 The compounds ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate are both fertilisers.
(a) Explain why farmers add these fertilisers to soils.
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Ammonium sulfate can be prepared by adding sulfuric acid to aqueous ammonia.
Construct the equation for this reaction.
...................................................................................................................................... [1]
(c) Excess acidity in soils can be treated by adding calcium hydroxide.
(i)

Give the formula of the ion present in calcium hydroxide which causes it to be
alkaline.
.............................................................................................................................. [1]

(ii)

Explain why adding calcium hydroxide causes loss of nitrogen from fertilisers such
as ammonium nitrate, which have been previously added to the soil.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................. [2]

(d) A student titrated 10.0 cm3 of aqueous calcium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid.
Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2HCl(aq)

CaCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l)

It required 4.00 cm3 of 0.0100 mol / dm3 hydrochloric acid to neutralise 10.0 cm3 of
aqueous calcium hydroxide.
Calculate the concentration of the calcium hydroxide.

................................... mol/ dm3 [3]

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Examiners
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15
(e) Describe how to obtain pure dry crystals of calcium chloride from an aqueous solution
of calcium chloride.

For
Examiners
Use

..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 10]

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

UCLES 2013

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 UCLES 2013

20

Calcium

5070/22/O/N/13

Strontium

Actinium

Key

b = atomic (proton) number

X = atomic symbol

a = relative atomic mass

* 5871 Lanthanoid series

90103 Actinoid series

89

Radium

88

Francium

87

227

Ac

226

Ra

72

Hafnium

Lanthanum

57

178

Hf

40

Zirconium

Zr

91

Titanium

139

Yttrium

22

48

Ti

La

39

89

Scandium

21

223

Barium

56

Caesium

45

Sc

Fr

55

137

Ba

133

Cs

38

Rubidium

37

88

Sr

85

Rb

19

Potassium

40

Ca

39

Magnesium

Sodium

12

24

Mg

23

Na

Beryllium

Lithium

11

Be

II

Li

93

Ta

181

Niobium

Nb

90

58

73

52

96

Mo

184

55

Tc
186

Re

144

Nd

92

60

Uranium

238

Neodymium

75

Rhenium

43

Technetium

25

Manganese

Mn
27

59

28

59

29

64

30

65

Ru

101

Iron

190

Pm

147

Osmium

Os

237

Np
93

Neptunium

61

Promethium

76

44

Ruthenium

26

56

Fe

150

Sm
244

Pu
94

Plutonium

62

Eu

152

Platinum

243

Am
95

Americium

63

Europium

78

Pt

Iridium

195

Ir

46

Palladium

Pd

106

Nickel

Ni

192

Samarium

77

45

Rhodium

Rh

103

Cobalt

Co

Gd

157

Gold

Au

197

Silver

96

64

Curium

Cm

247

Gadolinium

79

47

Ag

108

Copper

Cu

201

Bk

247

Terbium

Tb

159

Mercury

Hg

97

Berkelium

65

80

48

Cadmium

Cd

112

Zinc

Zn

11

Dy

162

Thallium

Tl

204

Indium

251

Cf
98

Californium

66

Es

252

Holmium

Ho

165

Lead

Pb

207

Tin

99

Einsteinium

67

82

50

119

Sn

115

32

Germanium

Ge

73

Silicon

In

Gallium

Dysprosium

81

49

31

70

Ga

14

28

Si

Carbon

27

Aluminium

13

12

Al

Boron

B
7

14

75

Sb

122

Arsenic

As

Bi

209

Fermium

Fm

257

Erbium

Er

167

Bismuth

100

68

83

51

Antimony

33

15

Phosphorus

31

Nitrogen

N
8

Se

79

Sulfur

32

Oxygen

209

Po

169

Md

258

Thulium

Tm

101

Mendelevium

69

84

Polonium

52

Tellurium

Te

128

Selenium

34

16

16

O
9

Yb

173

Astatine

At

210

Iodine

127

Bromine

Br

80

Chlorine

259

No
102

Nobelium

70

Ytterbium

85

53

35

17

Cl

35.5

Fluorine

19

Lr

260

Lutetium

Lu

175

Radon

Rn

222

Xenon

Xe

131

Krypton

Kr

84

Argon

Ar

40

Neon

103

Lawrencium

71

86

54

36

18

10

Ne

20

Helium

Hydrogen

VII

VI

He

IV

III

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).

91

Protactinium

Thorium

231

Pa

Th

232

Praseodymium

Cerium

59

141

Pr

140

74

Tungsten

42

Molybdenum

24

Chromium

Cr

Ce

Tantalum

41

23

Vanadium

51

Group

DATA SHEET
The Periodic Table of the Elements

16