T

PAPER 2
SECTION A STRUCTURE QUESTION

1 Table 1 shows four substances and their respective chemical formulae


Substance
Chemical Formula
Bromine Br
2
Nickel Ni
Phenol C
6
H
5
OH
Sodium chloride NaCl

Table 1

(a) State all substances that exist as molecules.

...
[1 mark]
(b) What is the state of matter for bromine at room temperature?

.
[1 mark]
(c) State the substance that can conduct electricity in solid

.
[1 mark]
(d) Draw the particles arrangement of the substance in (c) at room temperature.







(e) Name the particles present in sodium chloride.
[1 mark]

.
[1 mark]
(f) Diagram 1 shows the temperature against time when solid phenol is heated.

Temperature/ C

S

Q
R
1

T
0

P


Diagram 1



Time/s
(i) State the melting point of phenol.

.
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain why there is no change in temperature from Q to R.



14






Point R






Point P

[1 mark]
(iii) State how the movement of naphthalene particles changes between R and S during
the heating.

..
[1 mark]

2 Diagram 2 shows the cooling curve of molten naphthalene beginning from 90
o
C.
Temperature/C


9

P
Q
T




R


0 t
1 t
2
t
3
Diagram 2
Based on diagram 2, answer the following question.
(a) State the melting point of naphthalene.
Time/min

.
[1 mark]
(b) State the time when all the liquid naphthalene has frozen.

.
[1 mark]
(c) Why does the temperature of naphthalene remains constant from t
1
to t
2
?

.

.
[1 mark]
(d) (i) What is the type of particles in naphthalene?

..
[1 mark]
(ii) Draw the arrangement of particles of naphthalene at point P and R in the space
provided.









P R [2 marks]
(e) State the state of matter for naphthalene at the time



15


(i) t
1
to t
2
:


....

(ii) t
2
to t
3
:


..
[2 marks]

(f) When naphthalene is heated with direct flame, naphthalene changes from solid to gas.
Name the process that occurs.


[1 mark]


Diagram shows the apparatus set-up of an experiment to determine the empirical formula
magnesium oxide.

Lid

Magnesium
ribbon
Crucible






Diagram 6

Result:
Mass of crucible + lid = 24.0 g
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium ribbon = 26.4 g
Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium oxide = 28.0 g

(a) What is meant by empirical formula?

................................................................................................................................................
(b) Based on the above results,
(i) calculate the mass of magnesium and the mass of oxygen that have reacted.








(ii) calculate the mole ratio of magnesium atoms to oxygen atoms.
[Relative Atomic Mass: O=16; Mg=24]












(iii) determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide.






(iv) write the chemical equation for the reaction in the experiment.





(c) Why the crucible lid is open once in a while during the
experiment?


Diagram 15.1 shows the standard representation for sodium element





Diagram 15.1
State three information that can be deduced from diagram 15.1
Draw the atomic structure of sodium atom.

(b) Diagram 15.2 shows the empirical formula of glucose:





Diagram 15.2
[8 marks]










[6 marks]

(i) What is the meaning of empirical formula ?
(ii) The relative molecular mass of glucose is180, determine the molecular formula of
glucose.

(c) (i) An iron chloride compound contains 2.80 g of iron and 5.32 g of chlorine.
Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
[Relative atomic mass: Fe = 56, Cl = 35.5]

(ii) Write a chemical equation to represent the reaction between iron and chlorine.
Calculate the volume of chlorine gas that react completely with 2.80 g iron.
[1 mole of gas occupied 24 dm
3
at room temperature and pressure]
[4 marks]
[4 marks]
[6 marks]