Prof. S.K.

Saha
Robotics: An Introduction 1
RRobotics: An Introduction obotics: An Introduction
Prof. S.K. Saha
Dept. of Mech. Eng. Dept. of Mech. Eng.
IIT Delhi IIT Delhi
May 15, 2009@IIT Delhi May 15, 2009@IIT Delhi
Contents Contents
Books
Humanoid Robots
Video
Other Robots
Aspects of Robotics
RoC-BEE (New way of teaching)
Conclusions
Sahas Books Sahas Books
Humanoid Robots Humanoid Robots
Qrio (Sony): 58cm; 7kg Asimo (Honda): 120cm; 52kg
More Robots More Robots
Move to Directory Move to Directory
Session: sess1 (9 min) Session: sess1 (9 min)
00 00--03 06 03 06--12 min 12 min 00 00--03, 06 03, 06--12 min 12 min
Session: sess2 (7 min) Session: sess2 (7 min)
08 08- -15 min 15 min
Definition of Robot Definition of Robot
What is a robot?
Robit (Check word) --> Work
Robota (Slav word) --> Menial or slave
labour
Got publicity from the play
Rossums Universal Robots (RUR) [1921] Rossums Universal Robots (RUR) [1921]
Karel Capek Karel Capek
Prof. S.K. Saha
Robotics: An Introduction 2
PUMA Robot PUMA Robot
SCORBOT SCORBOT- -Israeli (by Falcon) Israeli (by Falcon)
Pick/Place Robot Pick/Place Robot--Systemantics, India Systemantics, India
RTX RTX
Robot Robot
Space Robot Space Robot Wheeled Robots Wheeled Robots
Centre-driven Vehicle
(Carlisle, 1984)
With Mecanum wheel (J onsson,
1985) or Omnidirectional wheel
(Muir and Neuman, 1987)
Prof. S.K. Saha
Robotics: An Introduction 3
RoboTRAC RoboTRAC
A system supported with wheels and legs Snake-like articulated mobile robot
Parallel Robots Parallel Robots
Int. Std. Org. (ISO) Definition Int. Std. Org. (ISO) Definition
Robot Robot
An automatically controlled, re-programmable,
multi-purpose manipulative machine, with or p p p ,
without locomotion, for use in industrial
automation applications
Other definitions: Other definitions: Rob. Soc. of J apan, etc.
Common temrs Common temrs: Re-programmable, Multi-
purpose
Laws of Robotics Laws of Robotics
By Issac Asimov (1940s) By Issac Asimov (1940s)
1. A robot may not injure a human being or,
though inaction, allow a human being to come
to harm.
2. A robot must obey the orders given by human
beings, except when such orders would
conflict with the first law.
3. A robot must protect its own existence, as
long as such protection does not conflict with
the first or second law.
First Robot First Robot
First Commercial Robot (1962) First Commercial Robot (1962)
By Unimation Inc., USA, founded by
J oseph F. Engelberger J oseph F. Engelberger
(Father of Robotics)
in 1950
Installed in General Motors plant Installed in General Motors plant
Prof. S.K. Saha
Robotics: An Introduction 4
Applications Applications Industrial Robot Population Industrial Robot Population
Other Robot Population Other Robot Population
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Reasons for Poor Utilization Reasons for Poor Utilization
Mainly due to Mainly due to
U N E M P L O Y M E N T U N E M P L O Y M E N T
[J apan with 3 50 000 robots in 1992 had <
3% l t] 3% unemployment]
Other reasons Other reasons
Lack of proper perspective
Cheap labour
Non-availability
High import cost/High investment
More Reasons More Reasons
R&D Supports: R&D Supports: By Govt. only
Companies involved: Companies involved: Almost nil
Advanced Research Absorption: Advanced Research Absorption: Poor
Questions: Questions:
Should We Use Robots?
Do We Need Robots?
If yes, how?
Yes
Yes (modified way)
Lets see
Prof. S.K. Saha
Robotics: An Introduction 5
Robotics in Our Countries Robotics in Our Countries
To Overcome ` To Overcome `Robotics vs. Unemployment
Do we like to Do we like to
work in front of a furnace at 500
o
C [Hazardous] work in front of a furnace at 500
o
C [Hazardous]
weld two parts for 8H/day for several years?
[Monotonous]
Robot = Machine Robot = Machine [Robot Human]
Where and How? Where and How?
Where? Where?
In hazardous
environment
(Chemical, Steel,
How? How?
Indigenous design
Develop as required
(Customized design)
Nuclear, plants)
High precision
applications
Export oriented
products
(Customized design)
Make awareness
Think it as a
machine
When to Use a Robot? When to Use a Robot?
Thumb Rules: Thumb Rules:
Is task Dirty, Dull, Dangerous, Difficult? Is task Dirty, Dull, Dangerous, Difficult? Is task Dirty, Dull, Dangerous, Difficult? Is task Dirty, Dull, Dangerous, Difficult?
Will a human be jobless? Will a human be jobless?
Is a human willing to do a job? Is a human willing to do a job?
Is robot usage economic? Is robot usage economic?
RoC RoC- -BEE BEE
Concept Concept
Robotics Contest Robotics Contest--Based Based
Education in Education in
Engineering (RoC Engineering (RoC- -BEE) BEE)
Demonstration through Demonstration through
Robocon Robocon
ROBOCON: National TV Coverage
DD-Robocon03 Bangkok, Thailand
Takraw Ball Playing Robot
DD-Robocon03
Prof. S.K. Saha
Robotics: An Introduction 6
DD DD--MIT MIT--Robocon07 Robocon07
Final in DD-Sports Test of Automatic
Hanoi, Vietnam
ABU ABU- -Robocon08: Aug. 31, 2008 Robocon08: Aug. 31, 2008
Final: Egypt vs China
Robotech Room@IITD Robotech Room@IITD
Robocon Activity in Brief Robocon Activity in Brief
Requires about 15 Requires about 15--20 students 20 students
Mechanical, Electrical, Mechanical, Electrical,
77--8 months preparations 8 months preparations 77 8 months preparations 8 months preparations
Min. Rs. 1 Min. Rs. 1- -2 2 lakhs lakhs (US$2 (US$2- -4K) 4K)
Can be integrated with course work Can be integrated with course work
CGPA CGPA increased increased
Conclusions Conclusions
Robotics is explained Robotics is explained
Several advanced robots are shown Several advanced robots are shown
Robocons Robocons are emphasized are emphasized
Thank You Thank You
saha@mech.iitd.ac.in saha@mech.iitd.ac.in
sahaiitd@gmail.com sahaiitd@gmail.com
http://web.iitd.ac.in/~saha http://web.iitd.ac.in/~saha