Past year question

and answers













**1) Which one is not true about factors contributing to dental caries?

a. Intake of fermentable carbohydrates (esp. sucrose)
b. The teeth exposed to inorganic acid
c. Acidogenic bacteria on the surface of the tooth
d. Quantity of saliva and teeth

2) Which one is not correct about the theory proposed? (#3)

a. Galen - internal action of acrid & corroding humors
b. Guy de Cahuliac - stagnation of juices in teeth cause toothache (suppose; belief
that worms cause dental caries)
c. Ficinus - observed filamentous organisms in the enamel cuticle & carious lesions. Also
1
st
recognize presence of organic matrix in enamel
d. Schatz - proteolysis and chelation
e. Hippocrates - concept of humoral pathology & stagnation of juices in teeth cause
toothache

3) Which statement is true? (#2)

a. Root caries is not predominant in older ages (predominantly found in teeth of older age
group w/gingival recession>exposed root surface)
b. Sudden & uncontrollable destruction of teeth is characterized by active caries
(acute/rampant caries)
c. The caries near the margin of an existing restoration is called recurrent caries
d. Chronic caries stained lighter color (usually stained a darker colour)

4) When active degradative process on teeth is interrupted or ceases, it refers to:

a. Stopped Caries
b. Rampant caries
c. Incipient Caries
d. Arrested Caries

5) Among the teeth affected first in infant (using FBI Notation System) is:

a. 52
b. 81
c. 21
d. 72

6) Largest portion of white spot lesion (#2)

a. translucent
b. dark
c. body
d. surface

7) Which type of lesion of caries take shape of a cone with its base toward EDJ? (#1)

a. buccal surface caries
b. proximal surface caries
c. occlusal surface caries
d. dentin caries

8) Occlusal crown caries includes the following except: (#2)

a. Lingual surface of maxillary anterior teeth
b. Buccal pit of molar
c. Interproximal surface occur between 1st and 2nd molar
d. Central pit of maxillary 1
st
molar

9) (#4)
I. Mutans streptococci will easily spread from one tooth surface to another in the same
mouth
II. Bacteria does not colonize teeth with same amount
III. Inter-proximal processes are more susceptible to caries than lingual surface

a. True, true, false
b. False, true, true
c. True, false, true
d. All true

10) These are the most prominent species of M. streptococci found in oral cavity except (#4)

a. streptococci mitoir
b. streptococci salivarius
c. streptococci milveri (suppose; S. milleri)
d. streptococci sanguis
e. streptococci mutans

11) Genetic groups IV organisms (of Mutans streptococci) are prominent in: (#4)

a. hamster
b. rat (group II)
c. human
d. wild rat (group V)

12) Which of these statement(s) is or are true regarding Veillonella? (#4)

a. It is a gram positive cocci (suppose; gram negative)
b. It has anti carious activity
c. It converts lactic acid to weak acid
d. b and c only

13) What component that will increase the tooth resistance to dental caries
a. fluoride
b. calcium
c. protein
d. sucrose
14) Which is true about high-fructose corn syrup
a. it was used in processed food until sucrose manufactured
b. it consists of 50% sucrose and 50% fructose
c. It can cause dental caries but lesser than sucrose
d. it is used as hidden sugar in food processed

15) Below are the classification of dental caries EXCEPT:
a. Rate of destruction of the lesion
b. Location of the lesion
c. Sex
d. Age

17) Which of the following is true about characteristic feature of adolescent caries? (#2)
a. There is slow (rapid) penetration of enamel and extensive involvement of dentin
b. Lesion had relatively small opening in enamel with extensive undermining
c. Lesion had relatively large opening in enamel with extensive undermining
d. Lesion are in teeth and surfaces that relatively not immune to caries

18) The following is not explained by chemo-parasitic theory by Miller except: (#3)
a. Why some population are caries-free
b. Predilection of specific site on tooth to dental caries
c. Phenomenon of arrested caries
d. All are true

19) What is the pH of critical demineralization (which drives dissolution of hydroxyapatite of
enamel) level? (#4)
a. 3.5 3.0
b. 4.5 4.0
c. 5.5 5.0
d. 6.5 6.0

20) All off the following are correct describing function of saliva, except :

a. Influence the rapidity at which caries develop
b. Provision of environment for antibacterial action
c. Prerequisite for caries initiation
d. Cleansing effect

21) All of these statement are wrong, except : (#2)

a. Secondary caries attacks the tooth at the centre (at the margin) of an existing restoration,
regardless progression/extent
b. Rampant caries is rarely observed in the permanent teeth of adult (most often seen in
primary teeth of young children & permanent teeth of teenagers)
c. Recurrent caries is the process that attacks tooth at the margin of an existing restoration
regarding to extension & progression
d. Average size of the lesion in chronic caries is larger than in acute caries (chronic lesion
is smaller that acute as progression is much slower)

23) The translucent zone : (#1)

a. Seen in all lesion (not seen in all lesion)
b. Less porous than sound enamel (more porous)
c. Pores has been created by the remineralization process (demineralization)
d. Lies at the advancing front of lesion

24) How fluoride deficiency can increase the rate of dental caries?

a. Increase the cariogenicity of local substrate
b. Tooth cannot attain its maximum resistance
c. Crytallite apatite will dissolve easily
d. Reduced the amount of calcium and phosphate being absorb

25) Which theory had been influenced by germ theory of disease?

a. Septic theory
b. Millers chemoparasitic theory
c. Proteolytic theory
d. Chemical theory

26) Which statement about dental caries causes had been proposed by Hippocrates?

a. Teeth are destroyed by sulfuric, nitric or acetic acid
b. Tooth decay originated from the tooth root itself
c. Infiltration of the enamel and dentin
d. Accumulated debris around teeth

27) Who had assigned oral microorganisms have an significant role in development of dental
caries?

a. Miller
b. Robertson
c. Ficinus
d. Schatz

28) Which is wrong regarding chelation process?

a. Chelator sufficient can give rise to less than 1% degradation of mature enamel
b. Will release amino acid, polyphosphate and organic acid
c. Dissolution of mineral by binding to copper
d. Resulting chelates are soluble and non ionic

29) Which one is prerequisite for dental caries?

a. Bacteria
b. Fluoride
c. Saliva
d. Penicillin

30) A rat that was fed a cariogenic food via a stomach tube in an ordinary laboratory
environment will develop caries.

a. True
b. False

**31) Which bacteria will specifically initiate caries at cemento-enamel junction?

a. Filamentous (related to root)
b. Lactobacillus
c. Veillonella (anti-carious activity organism)
d. Mutans streptocooci

** 32) Which is true about streptococci mutans?

a. Transmitted horizontally from father to son (vertically, mum to child)
b. Disappear from mouth after crown completion (extraction) of all teeth
c. Frequently involve from lingual smooth surface (frequently isolated from fissure &
Interproximal surface)
d. Beneficial bacteria to prevent caries (implicated in caries etiology)

33) Which pathway of sucrose dissimulation that will not produce lactic acid?

a. Conversion of sucrose to adhesive extracellular carbohydrate polymer
b. Glycolytic pathway
c. Degeneration of sucrose by invertase

34) At which level of severity when the tooth is dark in color? (#2)

a. Rampant
b. Active
c. Chronic
d. Arrested

35) Causes of caries decline (#5)

a. Decrease consumption of disaccharide lactose
b. Brush teeth 3 times a day
c. Take vitamin C everyday
d. Use toothpaste that contain high level of calcium

36) Which is wrong? (#5)

a. Mean DMF increase with age
b. Female have a better oral hygiene than male
c. Ancient people have lower caries rate
d. Minangkabau ethnic have a high degree of dental caries