Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
F I S H FA R M I N G T E C H N O L O G Y
International Aquafeed is published six times a year by Perendale Publishers Ltd of the United Kingdom.
All data is published in good faith, based on information received, and while every care is taken to prevent inaccuracies,
the publishers accept no liability for any errors or omissions or for the consequences of action taken on the basis of
information published.
Copyright 2014 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form
or by any means without prior permission of the copyright owner. Printed by Perendale Publishers Ltd. ISSN: 1464-0058
FEATURE
ALGAE
and animal
nutrition
Even if the implementation of viable economic sectors still seems distant, more and
more projects are based on the valorisation of
this promising raw material for food and feed
industries: A process for which scientists and
industrialists have everything to gain in moving
forward together.
The earth has seven production basins of
brown seaweed, Asia being widely ahead (75
percent).
Northern Europe comes far behind with
two percent of world production.
The required conditions for the cultivation of seaweed are cold water with no
ice, recalls Marc Danjon, deputy director of
Ceva, the Centre dEtude et de Valorisation
des Algues, which emphasises that seaweed
culture sector has increased by eight percent
every year for 30 years.
Do you know many sectors having such
exponential growth ? Its an impressive market, notes the scientist who regrets that
France still produces less than 100 tonnes
per year.
Here stands the challenge of BreizhAlg
project, which aims to establish a seaweed
industry and bring the development of seaweed culture within a process of regional
development.
For Marc Danjon, its time to think of
a range like we do for vegetables and to
develop a real industry for sea vegetables.
Nutritional value
Valorisation
FEATURE
A lot of
perspectives
LIPTOFRY
PHYTOBIOTIC GROWTH
PROMOTER FOR FINGERLINGS
FEATURE
requires very specific conditions.
Green seaweed are rich in indigestible fiber so they are good
Brown seaweed: 5-11 % DM
Protein
for health but not directly for
Red seaweed: 30-40 % DM (quantitatively
animal growth. In culture, it is
equivalent to soybean)
therefore necessary to enrich the
Green seaweed: 20% DM
Microalgae : Between 12 and 65 % DM
Ulva in protein and in digestible
fiber.
Macroalgae : low lipid content value of 1 to 3%
Fat
DM (up to 5% in Ascophyllum nodosum)
Further research is needed to
Green seaweed: high content in oleic (C 18:1)
reduce the obstacle represented
and alpha-linolenic (w3-C 18:3) fatty acids.
by the fibers for protein digestRed seaweed: high content of polyunsaturated
ibility, in order to transform seafatty acids, EPA (w3-C20-5) and arachidonic acid
weed matter in real raw material
(w6-C20: 4). Presence of linoleic and linolenic
fatty acids.
for all species.
Brown seaweed: comparable to other families,
We can get a complete food
with a high concentration of linolenic fatty acids.
quite easily as long as we control
Microalgae: Can accumulate over 50% of
the conditions of biomass protheir dry weight in fat. These consist mainly of
duction, says Jean-Franois Sassi.
triglycerides, phospholipids and glycolipids. They
contain saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids
Brown, red or green, seasuch as omega 3 : ALA,EPA,DHA, or omega 6
weed have the potential to feed
:ARA.
but these products are not caliAverage total content: 32 to 50% DM
Fibers
brated.
(macroalgae) Insoluble fiber is found in small amounts in the
Significant variations of chemiform of cellulosic fractions and floridean starch.
cal composition of seaweed
Soluble fiber (or phycocolloids), more interesting,
actually make their operation
are better represented:
Red seaweed: 51-56% in the form of agars,
difficult, hence the necessity for
carrageenans and xylans
further research on this issue.
Green seaweed: 51-56% in the form of ulvans,
Regarding microalgae, operatrhamnanes and arabinogalactan
ing conditions are even more delBrown seaweed: 67 to 87% in the form of
icate and complex, which makes
laminaranes (B-glucans), alginates and fucans
their cost prohibitive (around
The mineral fraction can represent up to 36% DM.
Mineral
Euro3600 per kilo). Their fat
Macro-nutrients: sodium, calcium, magnesium,
component
(macroalgae) potassium, chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus...
content is particularly interesting
Trace elements: iron, zinc, copper, selenium,
for the biodiesel industry and
molybdenum, fluorine, manganese, boron, nickel,
many projects are being set up
cobalt
to develop its use in animal and
Case of iodine: exceptionally rich in iodine,
human nutrition.
especially for brown seaweed (kelp) and red
seaweed (Gracilaria) and can reach 10 000mg/
We are still a long way
kg.
from producing protein meal,
Red seaweed: provitamin A
Vitamins
reports Marc Danjon, who is
Green seaweed: vitamin C
calling for a real technological
Brown seaweed: vitamins E,C
revolution to develop the use
The B vitamins are well represented (B2 and B3 in
of microalgae.
particular), with originality for B12 normally not
The fields of research
found in plants.
Microalgae: vitamins B1, B6, B12, C,E, K1
are numerous and very
promising but algae suffer
Antioxydants Macro and microalgae: Caratenoids between 0.1
and 0.2 % (Fucoxanthin, B-carotene, violaxanthin,
from being excluded from
zexanthine and lutein)
plant crops," observe Cevas
Macroalgae: polyphenols (phlorotannins) can
researchers.
represent from 5 to 20% dry weight of brown
Europe has no agronomic
seaweed.
approach towards algae like Asia
Seaweed are underutilised, regrets Marc does, "where they grow algae the same way
as vegetables," he adds.
Danjon from Ceva.
Probably also for cultural reasons algae
come marginally in the human diet, compared About Olmix & the
to the use that is made in Asia.
Ulvans project
Regarding the specific case of green seaOlmix, a specialist in green chemistry,
weed, Marc Danjon asserts that their potential quickly saw the potential of algae in aquaculuses in food are underutilised worldwide. ture and agriculture. Green seaweed polyTheir protein content can achieve a significant saccharides, ulvans, combined with micronrate of 30 percent of dry matter and are also ised clay from Montmorillon gave birth to
rich in fiber.
Amadite in 2004 and this patented product
Nevertheless, Cevas researchers warn the is now introduced in various feed suppleindustrials: "Wild resources do not present a ments for animals.
very important energy supply and their culture
Today with the support of Oso (up to
Composition of seaweed used in animal feed
About Ceva
FEATURE
www.oj-hojtryk.dk
Phone: +45 75 14 22 55
Fax: +45 82 28 91 41
mail: info@oj-hojtryk.dk
AD_o&j.indd 1
21/11/2012 15:08
AMINOCarp
Improve your feed formulation.
www.evonik.com/feed-additives | feed-additives@evonik.com
LINKS
This digital re-print is part of the May | June 2014 edition of International
Aquafeed magazine.
Content from the magazine is available to view free-of-charge, both as a full
online magazine on our website, and as an archive of individual features on
the docstoc website.
Please click here to view our other publications on www.docstoc.com.
I N C O R P O R AT I N G
F I S H FA R M I N G T E C H N O L O G Y
Use of a heat-stable
protease in salmonid feeds
experiences from Canada and Chile
Vo l u m e 1 7 I s s u e 3 2 0 1 4 -
m AY | J u N e
www.aquafeed.co.uk