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INTRODUCTION
The Parasitology component in the Basic Microbiology and Parasitology module will span itself through three
th
weeks during the 5 term (week 7-10) of the undergraduate MBBS course. This module will complement the
teaching made during the Foundation module, and lay the foundation for the teaching/learning sessions of the
th
more comprehensive Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Module which the students have to follow through in the 6
th
and 7 term.
The format and the objectives specified below are being subjected to regular review and amendments may be
introduced as appropriate.
FORMAT
3. One hour allocated time for viewing CD Rom developed by the Department of
Parasitology
OBJECTIVES
Taking medically important parasitic diseases into consideration the student should be able to:
1) Know the aetiology, pathology and pathogenesis of common parasitic infections and critically evaluate
diagnostic methods used in common parasitic diseases in Sri Lanka.
2) Describe the epidemiology of parasitic infections in Sri Lanka and globally
3) Understand the principles of disease transmission, including source, mode of transmission, portal of entry
and virulence of pathogens
4) Understand the principles underlying the laboratory diagnosis
5) Explain the principles of prevention and control
2.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
1) Malaria
a) Describe the life cycle of human malaria parasites and understand the principles of malaria
transmission
b) Describe the morphological features of malaria parasite stages that occur in the human host,
particularly those that are relevant for a diagnosis of human malaria.
d) Broadly understand the factors that determine the clinical outcome of a malaria infection,
including immunity to malaria
2) Toxoplasmosis
3) Leishmaniasis
4) Bancroftian filariasis
a) Outline the geographical distribution of bancroftian filariasis, globally and in Sri Lanka
b) Describe the epidemiological aspects of lymphatic filariasis with special reference to Sri Lanka
c) Describe the mode/s of transmission
d) Outline the life cycle of the causative parasite
e) Describe the clinical spectrum of lymphatic filariasis
f) Describe the underlying pathogenesis of these clinical manifestations
g) Describe the methods available for diagnosis including their advantages and disadvantages
h) Discuss the control of filariasis including the new strategies being currently practiced
i) Discuss the strategies available for treatment of lymphatic filariasis
j) Discuss the social implications of the disease
k) Name the other filarial infections that may occur.
of
Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Balantidium coli, Cryptosporidium parvum and Trichomonas vaginalis
6) Intestinal Helminthiasis
Intestinal nematodes
a) List the medically important nematodes that inhabit the human intestines
b) Briefly describe the following aspects with regard to these nematodes
- The morphology of the different stages
- Life cycle
- Methods of transmission to humans
- Clinical manifestations and complications
- Methods of diagnosis
- Prevention
Cestodes
a) List the medically important cestodes that inhabit the human intestines
b) Outline their
- Life cycle
- Methods of transmission to humans
- Clinical manifestations and complications
- Methods of diagnosis
- Methods of prevention
7) Snakes
a) List the important snakes which belongs to the families- Elapidae, Viperidae and Colubridae
b) Name the important venomous and non-venomous snakes
c) Differentiate between Elapids, Vipers and Colubrides based on their morphological characteristics
d) Identify the important snakes based on their body markings
e) List the measures taken to prevent snake bite
f) Describe the first aid measures given to snake bite victims
8) Zoonotic diseases
a) List the different groups of arthropods that have an impact on human health
b) Describe the various mechanisms by which they impart ill effects
Mosquitoes
c) List the important species of vector mosquitoes in Sri Lanka and the diseases they transmit
d) Describe their habits and breeding grounds
e) List the methods available for control and the basis of each method
Flies
Ticks/fleas/bugs
Mites
At the end of the Basic Microbiology and Parasitology module the student should,
2) Know the principles regarding collection, storage and delivery/transport of faecal and blood specimens to a
laboratory for diagnosis of parasitic infections
3) Be able to examine stained thin blood films and identify malaria parasites(Plasmodium falciparum and
Plasmodium vivax)
4) Be able to examine stained thick blood films and identify microfilaria ( Wuchereria bancrofti)
5) Be able to prepare and examine wet smear of stools in saline and iodine to identify intestinal protozoal and
helminth parasites
6) Identify
Malaria 3 1
Toxoplasmosis 1
Leishmaniasis 1
Filariasis 2
Intestinal and 1
urogenital
protozoa
Small intestinal 2
nematodes
Large intestinal 1
nematodes
Medically 1 1
important
arthropods
Snakes 1
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