ProfileofDilleniaserrataThunbr.

(Songi)
ByCarlaWulandariSabandar
Dillenia is a genus of approximately 65 species
spread from Madagascar through South East Asia
andMalesiatoNorthAustraliaandFiji.Althougha
few species are shrubby, these plants are mostly
trees which bear large leaves and large flowers in
fewflowered inflorescences. Plants vary from
evergreen to deciduous although this feature is
not always correlated with habitat since some
deciduous species are found in, or even confined
to, everwet areas and some evergreen species
extend into periodically dry regions (Dickison,
1979).
Morphology

MedicinalUses
Dongi (Dillenia serrata Thunbr.) is an endemic
plant used by native people for its fruits, stem
barksandwoods.Thefruitisusedtoacidifyfoods
and could be consumed directly, whereas the
stem barks used to treat blood vomiting. The
woodsemployedasmaterialformakingdinghyby
local people (Windardi et al., 2005). In Muna, a
region of Sulawesi Tenggara province of
Indonesia,boiledbarksofDilleniaserrataThunbr.
are used to treat blood vomit (Windardi et al.,
2006).

Phytochemistry
DilleniaserrataThunbr.hasnotbeenreportedon
itsphytochemistryyet.
Pharmacology
DilleniaserrataThunbr.hasnotbeenreportedon
itspharmacologyyet.
Comparisontoanotherspecies
Dillenia indica Linn. It is an evergreen tree
widely grows in tropical forests in India,
Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and China (Kirtikar and
Basu, 1981). The leaves and bark are used as
laxative and astringent. Alcoholic extract of D.
indica showed central nervous system depressant
activity (Bhakuni et al., 1968). The crude
methanolic extract of D. indica leaf fractionated
with nhexane and chloroform was yielded four
compounds namely 3,5,7trihydroxy3,4
dimethoxy flavones (dillenetin), betulinic acid,
sitosterol and stigmasterol. The result indicates
that the leaf may provide a rich source of
triterpenoids and flavonoids (Muhit et al., 2010).
Stem bark contains myricetin, isorrhamnetin,
dillenetin and glucosides (Pavanasasivam and
Sultanbawa,1975).
DilleniapentagynaRoxb.Itisusedtotreatbone
fracture. Poultice of leaves and stem bark is
appliedexternallyonbonefracturesite(Jainetal.,
2011).
References
Bhakuni, D.S., Dhar, M.L., Dhar, M.M., Dhawan, B.N.,
Mehrotra,B.N.,1968.ScreeningofIndianplantsfor
biological activity Pt. II. Indian Journal of
ExperimentalBiology7,250262.
Dickison, W.C., 1979. A note on the wood anatomy of
Dillenia(Dilleniaceae).IawaBulletin23,5760.
Jain, S.P., Srivastava, S., Singh, J., Singh, S.C., 2011.
Traditional phytotherapy of Balaghat district,
MadhyaPradesh,India.IndianJournalofTraditional
Knowledge10(2),334338.
Kirtikar K.R., Basu, B.D., 1981. Indian medicinal plants,
2
nd
.India,Allahabad.
Muhit, M.A., Tareq, S.M., Apu, A.S., Basak, D., Islam,
M.S., 2010. Isolation and identification of
compounds from the leaf extract of Dillenia indica
Linn. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 13(1), 49
53.
Pavanasasivam,G.,Sultanbawa,M.U.S.,1975.Chemical
investigation of Ceylonese plants. Part XII. (+)
3,4,5,7tetrahydroxy3methoxyflavone [(+)
dihydroisorhamnetin] and 3,5,6trihydroxy3,4
dimethoyflavone (dillenetin): two natural products
fromDilleniaindicaL.JournalofChemistrySociety,
PerkinTransaction1,6,612613.
Windadri, F.I., Rahayu, M., Uji, T., Rustiami, H., 2006.
Pemanfaatan tumbuhan sebagai bahan obat oleh
masyarakat lokal suku Muna di kecamatan
Wakarumba, kabupaten Muna, Sulawesi Utara.
Biodiversitas7(4),333339.
Windadri,F.I.,Uji,T.,Sujadi,A.,2005.Keanekaragaman
danpotensifloradikawasancagaralamKakenauwe
and suaka margasatwa Lambusango Sulawesi
Tenggara. Pusat penelitian biologi LIPI. Jakarta.