Institute Of Personnel Management Sri Lanka

NAME OF THE PROGRAMME : -

TOPI OF THE ASE ST!"# : - O$$u%ational Safet& an' Healt(
MO"!LE N!M)ER :- *+
NAME OF THE LET!RER :- Dr, -a.ira M Pali%ana
For Offi$e !se Onl&:
1. Final Marks : ..
2. Remarks :
(To be filled by the Examiner
!ame of the "t#dent M"! $os%atta
&ndex !#mber '()RM*+2*1,
-onta.t !#mber /001230114
E-mail nalikakos%atta5yahoo..om
Date of the Examination /2 67! 2/12
Date of "#bmission 11 67! 2/12
LATE
SUBMISSION
NO OF DAYS
BS/FO/76
-7"E "T8D9
:--8'7T&:!7; "7FET9 7!D )E7;T)
Presente' /&
P0HRM123145
MSN 6OS-ATTA
P0HRM123 7Mo'ule *+8
A6NO-LE"GEMENT
7t the o#tset< & %o#ld like to =ay my sin.ere >ratit#de to the &nstit#te of 'ersonnel
Mana>ement of "ri ;anka for >i?in> #s the o==ort#nity to %rite this -ase "t#dy on the
to=i. of :..#=ational safety and health. & sin.erely thank the ;e.t#rer for Mod#le se?en
for the ?al#able >#idan.e and ne.essary instr#.tions >i?en.

INTRO"!TION TO THE ASE
1. 7@- -om=any ('?t ;td. &s a bis.#it man#fa.t#rin> .om=any %as initiated in
1342 (,/ years a>o Ahen man#fa.t#rin> =ro.ess is semi a#tomated. More than 1,//
em=loyees are %orkin> there. They follo% + ho#rs shifts .ontin#ally d#rin> %hole 22
ho#rs and 14, days. 'redominantly female %orkfor.e .an be seen and in ea.h %ork=la.e
there are fi?e em=loyees. !ormally they .lose the fa.tory only for t%o three days for the
ann#al maintenan.e.
2. The =rod#.tion * Man#fa.t#rin> =ro.ess .an be sho%n as follo%s.

1. Ahen it .omes to =a.kin> aria the em=loyees sele.t >ood bis.#its and =a.k them
and allo% dama>e bis.#its to re.y.le. Finally the =a.ked bis.#its sho#ld be =la.ed in
lar>e boxes to distrib#te. 7ll this =ro.ess is done man#ally the s=eed of the .on?eyer is
adB#sted to =ro.ess 02 bis.#its =er min#te.
2. The %orkin> en?ironment is not #= to the satisfa.tion le?el of the em=loyees and
they are not ha==y %ith the existin> ill#mination< Centilation and heat of the %orkin>
=la.e. They are not able to %ork in the %orkin> .onditions and therefore they ha?e .o#>h
in to ?ario#s diseases.
,. &n the time of season< the mana>ement has de.ided to in.rease the s=eed of the
.on?eyer #= 04 bis.#its =er min#te. The ma.hines are not eno#>h fa.ilitate to =rod#.e
more than the .#rrent =rod#.tion le?el as they are ?ery old %ith o#tdated te.hnolo>y.
4. This .reates a h#>e .onfli.t amon> the em=loyees and no% they ha?e be.ome
arro>ant. They ha?e taken some Trade 8nion a.tions too. 7nd also em=loyees allo%
>ood bis.#its to re.y.le and dama>e bis.#its to =a.kin> D#e to all there mal=ra.ti.es in
the %orkin> =la.e (si.k b#ildin> the em=loyees ha?e to fa.e more =sy.holo>i.al and
=hysiolo>i.al diseases.
0. The reD#est of the em=loyees is to adB#st the s=eed of the belt to mat.h the
=sy.holo>i.al and =hysiolo>i.al stren>th of them.
As t(e HR (ea' of t(is fa$tor& (a9e to i'entifie' main %ro/lem areas in t(is fa$tor&,
+ Aith that only %e .an >i?e reasonable sol#tion for these =roblems. This is a
leadin> man#fa.t#rin> bis.#it fa.tory in "ri ;anka< %ell established< started more than 2/
years before and there are %ork for.e in more than 2///.
3. This fa.tory .ome #nder le>ally frame %orks. :ne is Fa.tory :rdinan.e !o 2, of
1322.This a.t is mainly .ame into make =ro?ision to ens#re safety< health and %elfare of
the =ersons %orkin> in the fa.tories and in other =la.es to %hi.h any =ro?ision of the said
ordinan.e a==ly.
1/. &dentified 'roblem area in this fa.tory
a. The %orkin> en?ironment is not #= to the satisfa.tion le?el of the
em=loyees and they are not ha==y %ith the existin> ill#mination< Centilation and
heat of the %orkin> =la.e. They are not able to %ork in the %orkin> .onditions
and therefore they ha?e .o#>h in to ?ario#s diseases.
b. "=eed #= the .on?eyer #= to 04 bis.#it =rod#.tion =er min#te %itho#t
.ons#ltin> %orkers o=inion for f#ll fill the hi>h demand in the festi?al season.
Earlier it %as 02 bis.#it =er min#te.
11. 7s the )R mana>er in this fa.tory ha?e fo.#s mainly abo?e mention =roblem
areas. Ae ha?e to more .on.ern abo#t the %orkerEs safety< health and %elfare. Fa.tory
o%ner bo#nd to look after those thin>s< be.a#se %orker are dire.tly .ome #nder shade of
fa.tory ordinan.e. 7bo?e mention =roblem area .an be infl#en.e the safety and health of
%orkers.
-orking en9ironment is 9er& (ot
12. 7s =er the fa.tory ordinan.e '7RT 11 <they talk abo#t the health of the %orker.
They are mainly fo.#s on fo#r areas. There areF
a. -leanliness .. Tem=erat#re
a. :?er.ro%din> d. Centilation
11. 8nder tem=erat#re mention there are< G"hall be made for se.#rin> and
maintainin> a reasonable tem=erat#re in ea.h %orkroom< b#t no method shall be
em=loyed %hi.h res#lt in the es.a=e into the air of any %orker room of any f#me of s#.h
a .hara.ter and to s#.h extend as to likely to be inB#ry of offensi?e to =ersons em=loyed
there inH.
12. 7s =er the Fa.tory :rdinan.e their are ex=e.tin> #nder ?entilation GEffe.t and
s#itable =ro?ision shall be made for se.#rin> and maintainin> by the .ir.#lation of fresh
air %orkroom the adeD#ate ?entilation of the roomH
1,. &n other hand %e ha?e to talk abo#t the o..#=ational health of the em=loyee.
7im of the o..#=ational health areF
a. 'romotion and maintenan.e of hi>hest =ossible de>ree of =hysi.al< mental
so.ial and s=irit#al %ell bein> f all %orkers of all o..#=ations.
b. 're?ention amon> %orkers of de=art#re from >ood health .a#sed by
haIards in the %orkin> en?ironment.
.. 'rote.tion of %orkers in their em=loyment from risk res#ltin> from fa.tors
ad?erse to health< =la.in> and maintenan.e of %orker in an o..#=ational
en?ironment ado=ted to his*her =hysiolo>i.al ability.
14. There are 2/// of em=loyee in the fa.tory. &n here #nhealthy %ork .ondition .an
effe.t to all em=loyee in the fa.tory. "=e.ially %ho are %ork near the h#>e o?en< there
are dire.tly >et effe.t from the heat. 7nd also there no =ro=er ?entilation system ado=ted
in the %orkin> area. Ex=os#re to extreme tem=erat#re also .an =ose a dan>er to the
%orkers. Most of the %orkers are #nder heat stress. )eat stress .an .a#se heat stroke<
exha#stion< .ram=s< and rashes.
-(at is (eat stress:
10. J)eat stressJ is the net (o?erall heat b#rden on the body from the .ombination of
the body heat >enerated %hile %orkin>< en?ironmental so#r.es (air tem=erat#re<
h#midity< air mo?ement< radiation from the s#n or hot s#rfa.es*so#r.es and .lothin>
reD#irements.
1+. Most =eo=le feel .omfortable %hen the air tem=erat#re is bet%een 2/K- and 20K-
and the %hen relati?e h#midity ran>es from 1, to 4/L. Ahen air tem=erat#re or
h#midity is hi>her< =eo=le feel #n.omfortable. "#.h sit#ations do not .a#se harm as lon>
as the body .an adB#st and .o=e %ith the additional heat. Cery hot en?ironments .an
o?er%helm the bodyMs .o=in> me.hanisms leadin> to a ?ariety of serio#s and =ossibly
fatal .onditions
13. This fa.tory #se h#>e o?en for bake the bis.#its and their #sin> no of o?en for
that =#r=ose. @akin> bis.#it is main =art of =ro.ess of the bis.#it =rod#.tion. @#t they
#sin> these o?en< makin> ?ery hot en?ironment in side the fa.tory.
Effe$ts of (ot en9ironments
2/. Ahen the air tem=erat#re or h#midity rises abo?e the o=timal ran>es for .omfort<
=roblems .an arise. The first effe.ts are s#bBe.ti?e in nat#re - they relate to ho% yo# feel.
Ex=os#re to more heat stress .an .a#se =hysi.al =roblems %hi.h im=air %orkersM
effi.ien.y and may .a#se ad?erse health effe.ts.
21. "ome of the =roblems and their sym=toms ex=erien.ed in the tem=erat#re ran>e bet%een
a .omfortable Ione (2/- - 20K- and the hi>hest tolerable limits. "ome =ro/lems an'
s&m%toms$ause' /& (ot tem%eratures
"is$omfort- Mental Pro/lems
&n.reased irritability
;oss of .on.entration
;oss of effi.ien.y in mental tasks
In$rease of errors- P&s$(o-%(&siologi$al %ro/lems
;oss of effi.ien.y in skilled tasks
More in.idents
Loss of %erforman$e of (ea9& ;ork- P(&siologi$al %ro/lems
Dist#rbed %ater and ele.trolyte balan.e
)ea?y load on heart and .ir.#lation
Fati>#e and threat of exha#stion
22. &n moderately hot en?ironments< the body J>oes to %orkJ to >et rid of ex.ess heat
so it .an maintain its normal body tem=erat#re. The heart rate in.reases to =#m= more
blood thro#>h o#ter body =arts and skin so that ex.ess heat is lost to the en?ironment<
and s%eatin> o..#rs. These .han>es im=ose additional demands on the body. -han>es in
blood flo% and ex.essi?e s%eatin> red#.e a =ersonMs ability to do =hysi.al and mental
%ork. Man#al %ork =rod#.es additional metaboli. heat and adds to the body heat b#rden.
Ahen the en?ironmental tem=erat#re rises abo?e 1/K-< it may interfere %ith the
=erforman.e of mental tasks.
21. )eat .an also lead to a..idents res#ltin> from the sli==eriness of s%eaty =alms
and to a..idental .onta.t %ith hot s#rfa.es. 7s a %orker mo?es from a .old to a hot
en?ironment< fo>>in> of eye >lasses .an briefly obs.#re ?ision< =resentin> a safety
haIard.
22. 'redominantly female in the fa.tory. "o se?eral st#dies .om=arin> the heat
toleran.es of men and %omen ha?e .on.l#ded that %omen are >enerally less heat tolerant
than men. Ahile this differen.e seems to diminish %hen s#.h .om=arisons take into
a..o#nt .ardio?as.#lar fitness< body siIe and a..limatiIation< %omen ha?e a lo%er s%eat
rate than men of eD#al fitness< siIe and a..limatiIation. ;aboratory ex=eriments ha?e
sho%n that %omen may be more tolerant of heat #nder h#mid .onditions< b#t sli>htly less
tolerant than men #nder dry .onditions. This .an effe.t smooth f#n.tionin> of fa.tory. &f
female .o#nter =art >ot effe.ted from heat< bis.#it =rod#.tion =ro.ess >et broken do%n.
2,. &f female em=loyees >et effe.ted as earlier mention< it .an be fo#ndation for
another =roblems. @e.a#se most of female %orkers are mothers. They ha?e to look after
their family. &t .an identified as a indire.t effe.t from the heat en?ironment.
24. &n this fa.tory most of the %orkers are nearly a>e ,/. "o< their diffi.#lt to bear #=
the abo?e mentioned sit#ation. They .an easily effe.t from the heat.
T(e illnesses $ause' /& (eat e<%osure
20. The risk of heat-related illness ?aries from =erson to =erson. 7 =ersonEs >eneral
health also infl#en.es ho% %ell the =erson ada=ts to heat (and .old. Those %ith extra
%ei>ht often ha?e tro#ble in hot sit#ations as the body has diffi.#lty maintainin> a >ood
heat balan.e. 7>e (=arti.#larly for =eo=le abo#t 2, years and older< =oor >eneral health<
and a lo% le?el of fitness %ill make =eo=le more s#s.e=tible to feelin> the extremes of
heat.
2+. Medi.al .onditions .an also in.rease ho% s#s.e=tible the body is. 'eo=le %ith
heart disease< hi>h blood =ress#re< res=iratory disease and #n.ontrolled diabetes may
need to take s=e.ial =re.a#tions. &n addition< =eo=le %ith skin diseases and rashes may be
more s#s.e=tible to heat.
23. )eat ex=os#re .a#ses the follo%in> illnesses:
Heat e'ema is s%ellin> %hi.h >enerally o..#rs amon> =eo=le %ho are
not a..limatiIed to %orkin> in hot .onditions. "%ellin> is often most noti.eable
in the ankles. Re.o?ery o..#rs after a day or t%o in a .ool en?ironment.
Heat ras(es are tiny red s=ots on the skin %hi.h .a#se a =ri.klin>
sensation d#rin> heat ex=os#re. The s=ots are the res#lt of inflammation .a#sed
%hen the d#.ts of s%eat >lands be.ome =l#>>ed.
Heat $ram%s are shar= =ains in the m#s.les that may o..#r alone or be
.ombined %ith one of the other heat stress disorders. The .a#se is salt imbalan.e
res#ltin> from the fail#re to re=la.e salt lost %ith s%eat. -ram=s most often o..#r
%hen =eo=le drink lar>e amo#nts of %ater %itho#t s#ffi.ient salt (ele.trolyte
re=la.ement.
Heat e<(austion is .a#sed by loss of body %ater and salt thro#>h
ex.essi?e s%eatin>. "i>ns and sym=toms of heat exha#stion in.l#de: hea?y
s%eatin>< %eakness< diIIiness< ?is#al dist#rban.es< intense thirst< na#sea<
heada.he< ?omitin>< diarrhea< m#s.le .ram=s< breathlessness< =al=itations<
tin>lin> and n#mbness of the hands and feet. Re.o?ery o..#rs after restin> in a
.ool area and .ons#min> .ool salted drinks.
Heat s&n$o%e is heat-ind#.ed >iddiness and faintin> ind#.ed by
tem=orarily ins#ffi.ient flo% of blood to the brain %hile a =erson is standin>. &t
o..#rs mostly amon> #na..limatiIed =eo=le. &t is .a#sed by the loss of body
fl#ids thro#>h s%eatin>< and by lo%ered blood =ress#re d#e to =oolin> of blood in
the le>s. Re.o?ery is ra=id after rest in a .ool area.
Heat stroke an' (&%er%&re<ia (ele?ated body tem=erat#re are the most
serio#s ty=es of heat illnesses. "i>ns of heat stroke in.l#de body tem=erat#re
often >reater than 21K-< and .om=lete or =artial loss of .ons.io#sness. The si>ns
of heat hy=er=yrexia are similar ex.e=t that the skin remains moist. "%eatin> is
not a >ood sym=tom of heat stress as there are t%o ty=es of heat stroke N
G.lassi.alH %here there is little or no s%eatin> (#s#ally o..#rs in .hildren< =ersons
%ho are .hroni.ally ill< and the elderly< and GexertionalH %here body tem=erat#re
rises be.a#se of stren#o#s exer.ise or %ork and s%eatin> is #s#ally =resent.
1/. )eat stroke and heat hy=er=yrexia reD#ire immediate first aid and medi.al
attention. Delayed treatment may res#lt in dama>e to the brain< kidneys and heart.
Treatment may in?ol?e remo?al of the ?i.timMs .lothin> and s=rayin> the body %ith .old
%ater. Fannin> in.reases e?a=oration and f#rther .ools the body. &mmersin> the ?i.tim in
.old %ater more effi.iently .ools the body b#t it .an res#lt in harmf#l o?er.oolin> %hi.h
.an interfere %ith ?ital brain f#n.tions so it m#st only be done #nder .lose medi.al
s#=er?ision.
-(at are t(e illnesses $ause' /& long-term 7$(roni$8 (eat e<%osure:
11. -ertain kidney< li?er< heart< di>esti?e system< .entral ner?o#s system and skin
illnesses are tho#>ht by some resear.hers to be linked to lon>-term heat ex=os#re.
)o%e?er< the e?iden.e s#==ortin> these asso.iations is not .on.l#si?e.
12. -hroni. heat exha#stion< slee= dist#rban.es and s#s.e=tibility to minor inB#ries
and si.knesses ha?e all been attrib#ted to the =ossible effe.ts of =rolon>ed ex=os#re to
heat.
11. 7 =ossible link bet%een heat ex=os#re and re=rod#.ti?e =roblems has been
s#>>ested. Data from laboratory ex=eriments on animals ha?e sho%n that heat stress may
ad?ersely affe.t the re=rod#.ti?e f#n.tion of males and females. Ex=os#re of males
res#lted in red#.ed rate of .on.e=tion. Ex=os#re of females .a#sed disr#=tion of the
re=rod#.ti?e .y.le #ntil they be.ame a..limatiIed to heat. Ahen animals are
sim#ltaneo#sly ex=osed to heat and toxi. .hemi.als< the infl#en.e of heat ex=os#re seems
to a..elerate the .hemi.al rea.ti?ity.
12. &n men< re=eatedly raisin> testi.#lar tem=erat#re 1 to ,K- de.reases s=erm .o#nts.
There is no .on.l#si?e e?iden.e of red#.ed fertility amon> heat-ex=osed %omen. There
are no adeD#ate data from %hi.h .on.l#sions .an be dra%n re>ardin> the re=rod#.ti?e
effe.ts of o..#=ational heat ex=os#re at .#rrently a..e=ted ex=os#re limits.
1,. ;aboratory st#dy of %arm-blooded animals has sho%n that ex=os#re of the
=re>nant females to hy=erthermia may res#lt in a hi>h in.iden.e of embryo deaths and
malformations of the head and the .entral ner?o#s system (-!". There is no .on.l#si?e
e?iden.e of terato>eni. effe.ts of hy=erthermia in h#mans. The !&:") .riteria do.#ment
(13+4 re.ommends that a =re>nant %orkerMs body tem=erat#re sho#ld not ex.eed 13-
13.,K- d#rin> the first trimester of =re>nan.y.
-(at $ontrol measures $an /e use' to re'u$e t(e effe$ts of (eat:
14. The risk of heat-related illnesses .an be red#.ed by:
En>ineerin> .ontrols to =ro?ide a .ooler %ork=la.e
"afe %ork =ra.ti.es to red#.e %orker ex=os#re
@y trainin> em=loyees to re.o>niIe and =re?ent heat illnesses.
Re'u$ing Meta/oli$ Heat Pro'u$tion 7(eat %ro'u$e' /& t(e /o'&8:
7#tomation and me.haniIation of tasks minimiIe the need for hea?y =hysi.al
%ork and the res#ltin> b#ild#= of body heat.
Re'u$ing t(e Ra'iant Heat Emission from Hot Surfa$es: -o?erin> hot
s#rfa.es %ith sheets of lo% emissi?ity material s#.h as al#min#m or =aint that
red#.es the amo#nt of heat radiated from this hot s#rfa.e into the %ork=la.e.
Insulating Hot Surfa$es: &ns#lation red#.es the heat ex.han>e bet%een
the so#r.e of heat and the %ork en?ironment.
S(iel'ing: "hields sto= radiated heat from rea.hin> %ork stations. T%o
ty=es of shields .an be #sed. "tainless steel< al#min#m or other bri>ht metal
s#rfa.es refle.t heat ba.k to%ards the so#r.e. 7bsorbent shields< s#.h as a %ater-
.ooled Ba.kets made of bla.k-s#rfa.ed al#min#m< .an effe.ti?ely absorb and .arry
a%ay heat.
=entilation an' Air on'itioning: Centilation< lo.aliIed air
.onditionin>< and .ooled obser?ation booths are .ommonly #sed to =ro?ide .ool
%ork stations. -ooled obser?ation booths allo% %orkers to .ool do%n after brief
=eriods of intense heat ex=os#re %hile still allo%in> them to monitor eD#i=ment.
Re'u$ing t(e Humi'it&: 7ir .onditionin>< deh#midifi.ation< and
elimination of o=en hot %ater baths< drains< and leaky steam ?al?es hel= red#.e
h#midity.
Intro'u$es .o/ rotation ;ork %attern: T(en ;orkers $oul'n>t fa$e
same situation $ontinuall&,
O%en u% more ;ater %oint in fa$tor&: Intro'u$ing t(is managers
e<%e$ting $onsume more ;ater /& t(e ;orkers,

10. 7s )R head of this fa.tory ha?e look after abo?e mention se.ond =roblem< it is
also mainly related %ith %orkers of the fa.tory. &f fa.tory %ant to f#ll filled their
ex=e.ted >oals. First they ha?e to think abo#t %orkers of the fa.tory. Aorkers are the
asset of the any or>aniIation. &f %orkers satisfied %ith %hat they >ain from the fa.tory as
=er the their .ontrib#tion to%ard to a.hie?e the fa.tory ex=e.ted >oals. Then only
%orkers >i?e maxim#m o#t =#t to%ard the or>aniIation. For that< ha?e to b#ild #= >ood
em=loyee < em=loyer relationshi=. 7s a )R head in the fa.tory< he has a ?ery im=ortant
role to maintainin> the >ood em=loyee relationshi=. "ome areF
Ens#rin> >ood .omm#ni.ation %ith the em=loyees
8se of em=loyee in?ol?ement te.hniD#es s#.h as D#ality .ir.les< s#>>estion
s.hemes
-reatin> an tr#st en?ironment of tr#st
)andlin> >rie?an.es a==ro=riately
Em=hasiIe on m#t#ality-Ae are all to>ether in tryin> to a.hie?e the indi?id#al<
team and or>aniIational >oals and obBe.ti?es. Ens#rin> that the interest of the
mana>ement and the em=loyee .o-inside.
1+. @#t abo?e em=loyee relation fa.tors ?iolate by the mana>in> =arty. There are not
=arti.i=ated the %orkers %hen took the de.ision to s=eed #= the .on?eyer to in.rease the
=rod#.tion alon> %ith hi>h demand of the bis.#it for festi?al season. Earlier s=eed of the
.on?eyer %as 02 bis.#it =er min#te. 7fter the mana>ers de.ision it %as a 04 bis.#it =er
min#te. Then %orkers >et to kno% the mana>er de.ision %itho#t .on.ernin> their ideas
#nder mention =roblems .an take =la.e.
The %orkers >et #nrestF %orkers #nrest is %hen the %orker is not satisfied
%ith the existin> terms and .onditions of em=loyment. "ome .a#ses of %ork
#nrest are %orkin> .onditions and misbeha?ior by mana>ement.
Take trade #nions a.tion FTrade #nions are or>aniIations that re=resent
=eo=le at %ork. Their =#r=ose is to =rote.t and im=ro?e =eo=leMs =ay and
.onditions of em=loyment. They also .am=ai>n for la%s and =oli.ies %hi.h %ill
benefit %orkin> =eo=le. &n here trade #nion a.tion take =la.e< mana>ers took the
de.ision to s=eed #= the .on?eyer %itho#t their kno%led>e. @#t %orkers not
ha==y %ith the de.ision and >o a>ainst %ith them as %ell as they are not ha?in>
>ood %orkin> en?ironment< it is ?ery heat.
-an take =la.e many sabota>e. !ormally fi?e %orkers ha?e to man#ally
identified the dama>e bis.#it and =i.k #= from the .on?eyer and =#t the
re=rod#.tion =ro.ess. @#t no% their .an do the many >ood bis.#it also =i.ked as a
dama>e bis.#it and .an =#t the re=rod#.tion .y.le.
&n.rease %orkers >rie?an.es re>ardin> the mana>erial de.isions.
13. This .reates a h#>e .onfli.t amon> the em=loyees. They are not ha==y %ith
em=loyers. !o% as )R man>er< ha?e to identified the effe.t of the abo?e took de.ision.
There is only fi?e em=loyees to =ike #= the dama>e bis.#it from the .on?eyer.
&f .on?eyer s=eed #= those em=loyers .o#ldnEt bear #= the ne% sit#ation.
This %as old fa.tory< established more than 2/ years. The ma.hines are not
eno#>h fa.ilitate to =rod#.e more than the .#rrent =rod#.tion le?el as they are
?ery old %ith o#tdated te.hnolo>y. Ae .anEt >i?e >#arantee the =resent
.ondition of the ma.hines.
Many health haIared .an take =la.e. "ome areF
-an identified re=etiti?e motion inB#ries(RM&. Em=loyer doin> the same
=hysi.al task o?er and o?er< it .an be a .a#se to RM&.&t .an be .han>e
em=loyee life style also.
Ahen standin> for the lon>er =eriod of time< it .an be .a#se to ba.k
=ainin>.
Ahen they do the more %ork %ith limited em=loyees< #nex=e.tin> inB#ries
.an take =la.e < like hands .an >o thro#>h the .on?eyer.
Em=loyee t#rn o?er< absenteeism %ill >o #=.
Em=loyee Bob satisfa.tion %ill >o do%n.
Aork station in.ident and as %ell as ins#ran.e .lam %ill in.rease.
Aith #nha==y %ork en?ironment< =rod#.tion le?el >o do%n
#nex=e.tedly
As a HR (ea' of t(e fa$tor& (o; &ou o9er$ome t(e a/o9e mention %ro/lems
2/. Trade #nion a.tion Trade #nion a.tion take =la.e< be.a#se of mana>er took the
de.ision to s=eed #= the .on?eyer to in.rease the =rod#.tion %itho#t their kno%led>e. "o
no% mana>er sho#ld listen to the %orker ?oi.e and %hat there are >oin> to demand from
em=loyers.
21. -an in.rease the no of em=loyees for the task. Earlier< it %as a fi?e em=loyees for
one =la.e . &t .an in.rease #= to ei>ht for ea.h =la.e a..ordin> to %ork .a=a.ity.
22. -reate the healthy %ork en?ironment for the %orkers. 7 %ell desi>ned %ork
stations is mandatory for =re?ention of diseases related to =oor %orkin> .ondition as to
ens#re =rod#.ti?ity.
21. -an introd#.e ne% in.enti?e s.heme as benefit for maxim#m #tiliIation of the
%orkers d#rin> the festi?al season. Then they .an %ork %ith >ood moral .ondition
22. &ntrod#.e a Bob rotation system to the em=loyees. Aith that one %orker not
de=loy in lon>er =eriod in one task. They .an =re?ent from the re=etiti?e motion
inB#ries(RM&.
-(at are t(e alternati9e met(o' to in$rease t(e /is$uit %ro'u$tion to meet (ig(
'eman' for festi9al season
2,. -an re.r#it the m#ltiskilled %orkers into the fa.tory and o#t so#r.e the skilled
%orkers only for the festi?al season.
24. Ae .an re=la.e the ne% ma.hine and in.rease the no of ma.hine into the fa.tory.
!e% ma.hine .an =ro?ide maxim#m o#t =#t to in.rease the =rod#.ti?ity.