Six Important cities:Harappa , Mohanjodaro, Kalibanga, Lothal, Chanhudaru, Banawali, Dholavira in which Harappan

Culture is matured & flourished

Important Ports towns: Lothal , Surkotada , Dholavira
Four largest Harappan Sites : Mohanjodaro , Harappa , Banawali and Dholavira
Mature Harappan phase : c. 2600 1900 BCE.


Indus Valley Civilization ( IVC ) ~ c. 3500 1300 BCE
[ The Harappan Culture : Bronze Age Civilisation ]

MAJOR SITES
Harappa
First IVC sites to be excavated
Excavated by Daya Ram Sahini in 1921
Location : Montgomery District of Punjab
(Pakistan ) on the bank of Ravi
Major Finding : two row of 6 granaries ,
workmen quarters, 2 sandstone statues
depicting human anatomy , dog attacking
dear, little bullock carts (ekkas)
Only sites which yield the evidence of coffin
burial
Rigveda Mention it as a Hariyupia
Mohanjodero
Excavated by R.D. Banerjee in 1922
Location : Larkana Dist. Of Sind (Pakistan) on
the bank of Indus
Major Finding : a college , an assembly hall,
the great Bath, a large granary , a piece of
woven cotton , bronze dancing girl, seal of
Pashupati Mahadeva , Steatite statute of a
beared man supposed to a priest, evidence of
horse for superficial level , bronze buffalo and
a ram
Probable the city decline due to flooding
Kalibanga
Excavated by A. Ghose in 1953
Major finding : Furrowed Land , Fire alter and
camel bones
Many house and their wells
Location : Rajasthan on the bank of Ghaggar
Kalibanga means black bangles
Dholavira
Excavated by R.S. Bisht ( 1985-90)
Recently excavated site considered to be the
largest
Location : Gujrat in Rann of Kutch
Reveals seven cultural stages , the city has
three parts
Unique water management
Lothal
Excavated by R. Rao in 1953
Location : Gujrat on Bhogva river near Gulf of
Combay
Major Finding : first manmade port and a
dockyard, bead maker factory , rice husk, fire
alters , chess playing etc.
Evidence of Joint burial suggest practice of
sati

Sutkagendor
Location : Baluchistan on Dast river
Western Harppan site , excavated by stein at
1929
It was a trade point between Harappa &
Babylon
Surkotada
Excavated by J P Joshi in 1964
Bones of horses and bead making shops
found here

Chanhudaro
The only city had no citadel
Excavated by N G Majumdar in 1931
Location : Sind on Indus River
Major finding : Bead makers shop, inkpot ,
foot print of a dog chasing a cat
Banawali
Excavated by R S Bisth in 1974
Location : Hissar district of Haryana
Major Finding : good quantity of barley,bones
of horses, bead making shops

Amri
Excavated by N G Majumdar in 1935
Location : Sind on the bank of Indus
Evidence of Antelop

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