SAFE WORKING PROCESS

SAFETY IN THE MACHINE SHOP

A skilled machinist dresses safely. He wears nothing that could get caught on the moving
machine. He is aware of the danger of flying chips and minute particles from abrasive wheel
and of horrible damage that flying from drilling, cutting tools etc can do to the human eye. He
wears his safety glasses from time he enters the shop until leaves it. The skilled machinist
handles sharp cutting tools with care. He keeps the floor around his workplace free of oil and
short pieces of stock. He stakes the rough castings and the finished work pieces separately and
neatly.
The stacked material is not permitted to interfere with its movement around the
machine, and because of this it is not a hazard to his safety. When a work piece or a machinist
attached it too cumbersome or too heavy for one man to handle comfortably, the worker asks
for assistance. Many things the skilled machinist does, keep him free from accidents. The
student or apprentices is one observes and profit from the skilled machinists example. Each
workman or student in a machine shop is aware of the dangers that surround him; he has been
warned of these dangers and has been instructed in a safety rules apply to his shop activity.
This is not sufficient to make the working safe.
Each worker in a machine shop, whether he be a machinist, student, or helper, must
develop his own awareness of the importance of avoiding accidents, and his own awareness of
the possible hazards to safety that his job involves. He also must develop safe working
techniques. He must be alert to possible dangers, and he must be energetic in correcting
conditions and habits that could lead to accidents and injury.
GENERAL SHOP SAFETY
He should remove his necktie, wristwatch, and jewelry such as identification bracelet and
rings. Sleeves are out of danger when they are rolled up. The machinist should wear an apron, shop
coat, or coveralls. Apron strings should be tied at the back, and bulging pieces of cotton waste should
not be carried in the pocket. The stands of the wool that go into the making of a sweater are long and
unbroken. One stand caught on a revolving dog or job can bring the machine operator closer to danger.
Machine tool spindles, whether on a lathe or drill press, turn many revolutions in a second, and much
damage can be done before the machine is brought to a stop.
The soft material from which the upper part of the canvas shoe is made, offers no resistance
to a hard object, whether is falling or stumbled against. The rubber soles are easily penetrable by steel
chips and sharp edged machined surfaces. Strongly made safety shoes with steel toe caps offer good
insurance against injuries. Gloves should also be worn when worker is pouring liquids that are injuries to
human skin and whenever it is necessary for him to handle metal chips of any size or shape.
Injury to the eye can be caused by flying particles or metal that result when the work piece
resists the cutting tool. Chips can fly in direction to hit anybody in the shop. Everybody in the shop needs
protection with safety glasses. A tucked-in tie can slip out of the buttoned shirts. A loose tie can very
quickly become caught on the moving part; the results are painful. When the of long or short apron tie
strings become loose, they can be easily caught on the moving part of any machine. Rolled-up sleeves
present fare less a hazard to safety than buttoned sleeves. A buttoned can unfasten because of a warm
button hole, or a button may lose.
The sleeves can be caught easily in a moving job, with serious consequences to the machine
operator. Dont attempt to leave a job or machine attachment by yourself if it is too heavy or too
awkward for one person to handle. Before lifting, be sure that you have a firm footing; keep feet above
8to12 inches apart; and get a good balance. Keep your feet close to job being lifted, bent the knees;
squat down but keep your back straight. When you are ready to lift, push yourself up with strength in
your legs. Keep the job close to your body until you have it in the normal and convenient carrying
position. Walk firm steps; dont twist your body to change your direction, but change position of your
feet.
Breathe normally; dont hold your breath. When lifting with another persons help, talk it
over first, then move together. Although it is often easier to carry long pieces of stock on the shoulder it
is not safe as we tend to watch where we are going and forget what happened to part we are not
watching. Stock should be carried vertically so that all off it can be watched at the same time. Men do
not walk through a machine shop with their eyes looking at the floor; therefore a work man is apt to
step on a small piece of stock left on the floor. A fall can cause serious injury.
A fall that carries the victim into a moving machine can be fatal. When it drips or is dropped on
the shop floor, an oil slick under a quick-moving foot may result in a serious accident. Wipe up grease
and oil that is dropped on the floor. Clean off excess grease that it left near bearings and grease cups.
HOUSEKEEPING
The operator should remember that good housekeeping will never interfere with safety of efficiency;
therefore, the following point should be observed.
1. Always stop the machine before you attempt to clean it.

2. Metal Always keep the machine and hand tool clean. Oily surfaces can be dangerous.
chips left on the table surface may interfere with the safe clamping of a workpiece .
3. Always use a brush and not a cloth to remove any chips. Chips stick to cloth and can cause
cut when the cloth is used later.
4. Oily surfaces should be cleaned with a cloth.
5. Do not place tools and materials on the machine table - use a bench near the machine.

6. Keep the floor from oil and grease.


7. Sweep up the metal chips on the floor frequently. They become embedded in the soles of
shoes and cause dangerous slippage of a person walks on a terrazzo or concrete floor. Use a
scraper, mounted on the floor near the door, to remove these chips before leaving the shop.

8. Never place tools or material on the floor close to a machine where they will interfere with
the operators ability to move safely around the machine.


9. Return bar to the storage rack after cutting off the required length.

10. Never use compressed air to remove chips from a machine. Not only is it a dangerous
practice because of flying metal chips, but small chips and dirt can become wedged between
machine parts and cause undue wear.

SAFE WORK PRACTICES
1. Do not operate any machine before understanding its mechanism and knowing how to stop
it quickly. Knowing how to stop a machine quickly can prevent a serious injury.

2. Before operating any machine, be sure that the safety devices are in place and in working
order. Remember, safety devices are for the operators protection and should not be
removed.


3. Always disconnect the power and lock it off at the switch box when making repairs to any
machine. Place a sigh on the machine nothing that it is out of order.

4. Always be sure that the cutting tool and the work piece are properly mounted before
starting the machine.

5. Keep hands away from moving parts. It is dangerous practice to feel the surface of
revolving work or to stop a machine by hand.

6. Always stop a machine before measuring, cleaning, or making any adjustments. It dangerous
to do any type of work around moving parts of a machine.

7. Never use a rage near the moving parts of a machine. The rag may be drawn into the
machine, along with the hand that is holding it.

8.