DEFINITION AND RATIONALE OF THE PHILIPPINES K-12 PROGRAM

I. Introduction
The K-12 program has met a lot of criticisms.
Questions like these are inevitable:
o Will the K-12 Program really anser the present han!icap of our
e!ucational system"
o Will a!!ing to years bring more benefits" #r ill it $ust result to more
financial implications% not only to the parents but also to the government"
II. Hig!igt"
D#$inition o$ t# K-12 Progr%&
R%tion%!# o$ t# K-12 Progr%&
'onc!u"ion
R#co&&#nd%tion
R#$#r#nc#"
III. D#$inition o$ t# K-12 Progr%&
The K to 12 Program covers Kin!ergarten an! 12 years of basic e!ucation &si'
years of primary e!ucation% four years of (unior )igh *chool% an! to years of
*enior )igh *chool +*)*,-.
The 12 years e!ucation is aime! to provi!e sufficient time for mastery of
concepts an! skills% !evelop lifelong learners% an! prepare gra!uates for tertiary
e!ucation% mi!!le-level skills !evelopment% employment% an! entrepreneurship
&#fficial .a/ette: http:00.gov.ph0k-12 0-
K112 &pronounce! 2k telve2% 2k through telve2% or 2k to telve2- is a
!esignation for the sum of primary an! secon!ary e!ucation. 3t is use! in
the 4nite! *tates% 5ana!a%
Turkey% the Philippines%
an! 6ustralia &Wikipe!ia%
2718-.
I(. R%tion%!# o$ t# K-12
Progr%&
1
9nhancing the :uality of basic e!ucation in the Philippines is urgent an! critical.
The poor :uality of basic e!ucation is reflecte! in the lo achievement scores of
;ilipino stu!ents.
#ne reason is that the Philippines has consistently place! very lo in T3<**
rankings &e.g. 3n 1===% Philippines ranke! 8>th in 2n! year high school *cience
out of 8? countries. @y 2778% the country yiel!e! a similar !evastating result in
the same stu!y% ranking 28r! in
.ra!e A *cience% among 2B
countries. 3n the high school level% e
ranke! A2n! in 2n! year *cience%
among AB countries-
The Philippines since 277C has not
participate! in the T3<** &De la
5ru/% 2712-.
The congeste! curriculum partly
e'plains the present state
e!ucation.
The :uality of e!ucation is reflecte! in the ina!e:uate preparation of high school
gra!uates for the orl! of ork or higher e!ucation.
The ol! system also reinforces the misperception that basic e!ucation is $ust a
preparatory step for higher e!ucation.
The short !uration of the basic e!ucation program also puts the millions of
overseas ;ilipino orkers &#;W- in a negative light in comparison ith other
countries.
To be consistent ith 6rticle E3F% *ection 2&1- of the 1=?C Philippine 5onstitution
this states that GThe state shall establish% maintain an! support a complete%
a!e:uate an! integrate! system of e!ucation relevant to the nee!s of the people
an! society.H
6 better e!ucate! society provi!es a soun! foun!ation for long-term socio-
economic !evelopment.
2
*everal stu!ies have shon that the improvements in the :uality of e!ucation ill
increase .DP groth by as much as 2I. *tu!ies in the 4K% 3n!ia an! 4* sho
that a!!itional years of schooling also have positive overall impact on society.
(. 'onc!u"ion
The ma$or changes in the PhilippinesJ e!ucational system specifically the
9nhance! K-12 program have sufficient rationale for implementation.
3t is constitutional.
3t is research base!.
3t is timely an! urgently nee!e!.
(I. R#co&&#nd%tion"
Positive changes brought about by the K-12 program oul! take 8-B years
before it becomes apparent since most e!ucational program changes take at
least at the minimum 8 years to see apparent change &Pankake% 1==?-.
Patience an! vigilance on us teachers is nee!e! to continue on this program.
(II. R#$#r#nc#"
KKKKKKKKKKKK &n.!.- 9nhance! K-12 @asic 9!ucation Program. Donloa!e! from
http:00.!epe!region>.ph0p!f0TheK9nhamce!KI 27Kto12K@asicK9!ucationKProgram.p!f
on *eptember 18% 2718
Durban (.<. an! 5atalan% L.D. &2712-. 3**49* 6MD 5#M59LM* #; P)3N3PP3M9
9D456T3#M T)L#4.) T)9 O96L*:6*36M (#4LM6N #; *#536N *539M59* P
)4<6M3T39*. Fol. 1. Mo. 2. <ay 2712 pp. >C->?
The K to 12 @asic 9!ucation Program. #fficial .a/atte. Donloa!e! from
http:00 .gov.ph0k-120 on *eptember 18% 2718
De Na 5ru/% Lolan!o &2712-. The science !ilemma in Philippine schools: *cience.ph poste!
on *eptember 2>% 2712 !onloa!e! from http:00.science.ph0fullKstory.php"
typeQMesPkeyQ>>72:the-science-!ilemma-in-philippine schools on 6ugust 21% 2718
Pankake% 6nita <. &1==?-. 3mplementation: <aking Things )appen. 9ye #n 9!ucation: Me
Oork
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