D-II, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi - 110070

Holiday Homework
Session 2013 2014
Name : _____________________ SNo : ______________
Date : _______! ______! _______ "lass : #II____________
Su$je%t : &io______________
General Instructions:
1. Do the Home Work in the Biology Notebook and stick the Question sheet in your notebook.
2. Dra the neat and labeled !igures here"er it is re#uired.
$. Do the #uestions in a serial manner.
Topics: 1.Principles of Inheritance and variation
2. Molecular basis of Inheritance
Section A
Q1 In a cross between a black and a white guinea pigs, all F1 members are black. But F2 generation
raised by crossing two such F1 consists of approximately black and ! white guinea pigs.
a" #hat are the possible genotypes at each le$el%
b" #hat will be the offsprings be like if two F2 whites are mated%
Q2 #hat is a test cross% &i$e its utility%
Q' ( plant with red flowers was crossed with another plant of same species with white flowers. )he
offspring, thus, produced comprised of *+ plants, all of which had pink flowers. ,n selfing, these
plants produced 2-+ plants, of which *+ had red flowers, 12+ had pink flowers and *+ had white
flowers. .xplain the principle of genetics behind these results%
Q- ( man with blue eyes and black hair /homo0ygous for both characters" marries a woman with
black eyes and red hair. Black eyes /." are dominant o$er blue eyes /e" and black hair /1" is
dominant o$er red hair /h". #ork out the probabilities of phenotypes of the children of this
couple using punnett s2uare method.
Q3 a" 4ist the three different allelic forms of gene 5I6 in humans. .xplain the different phenotypic
expressions, controlled by these three forms.
b" ( woman with blood group 5(6 marries a man with blood group 5,6. 7iscuss the possibilities
of the inheritance of the blood groups in the following starting with 5yes6 or 5no6 for each8
1" )hey produce children with blood group 9(: only.
2" )hey produce children some with 9,: blood group and some with 9(: blood group.
Q* #hat is the inheritance pattern obser$ed in the si0e of starch grains and the seed shape of
;isum sati$um% #orkout the monohybrid cross showing the abo$e traits. 1ow does this pattern
of
inheritance de$iate from that of <endelian law of dominance%
Q= In a test cross (aBb x aabb, >+? of the progeny are like parents. 7etermine8
1" )he progeny type for the rest of the population%
2" (re the genes linked%
'" Is there any crossing o$er between the genes%
Q@ #hat will be the kind of children born to a normal father and carrier mother for the trait of
haemophilia% Ahow it with the help of the punnett s2uare.
Q> Bame a few human disorders that are caused by recessi$e genes present on autosomes and
recessi$e genes present on CDchromosomes.
Q1+ If the base se2uence of one strand of 7B( is E(),)(&,)(E,&(E, what will be the base se2uence.
a" of complementary 7B( strand
1 'he (e)ita*e S%hool, Vasant Kunj +njali &hat
b" of its complementary FB( strand
Q11 If one strand of double stranded 7B( has the following se2uence8
36 (&E ())E& '6
#hat would be the se2uence of the opposite strand in its 36 to '6 direction%
Q12 <ention the dual purposes of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate%
Q1'
Q1- 4abel (,B,E and 7 in the gi$en diagrams
Q13 <atch the following experiments G conclusions with respecti$e worker.
a. )ransforming ;rinciple i" <esselson G Atahl
b. 7B( is genetic material ii" #atson G Erick
c. Aemi conser$ati$e mode of 7B( replication iii" Fredrick &riffth
d. ;roof of semi conser$ati$e replication i$" 1ershey G Ehase
Q1* (ssume that no new mutations ha$e arisen in the family.
(nswer each 2uestion with either 5Hes6 or 5Bo6
i" Eould this be inherited as recessi$e trait%
ii" Eould this be inherited as dominant trait%
Q1= )he map distance between ( G B genes is 1@ unitI between B G E is 2+
unit and E G ( is 2 unit.
/a"#hat is the order of genes on a linkage group%
/b" #rite the unit of map distance.
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Q1@ ;edigree analysis8

a" #hat do the symbols used in this pedigree mean%
b" #hat is the inheritance pattern of the abo$e pedigree analysis.
c" <ention ' clues by which you can detect this type of inheritance.
Q1> Identify the structural units of the transcription unit%
B
( E
7
'6 36
36 '6
.
Q2+ Atate aim and describe <esselson and Athal6s experiment%
Q21 7escribe an experiment with the names of the scientists who pro$ed that 7B( is the genetic
<aterial.
Section B
Investigatory proect8
)he $acations would be the best time to prepare an in$estigatory proJect on the topic of your choice.
)he proJect is a mandatory part of your board practical examination which the external examiner is
going to assess at the time of practical examination. Ao, complete it well in ad$ance and submit the
first draft in Kuly. It will be read and critically e$aluated for the feedback so that necessary changes
could be made before the final draft.
Ao, first lets discuss the procedures of the investigatory proect.
First of all, remember that it carries 3 marks which is inclusi$e of $i$a. Ao, it is strongly suggested to
e$eryone not to copy the proJect from anywhere, because it would be counterproducti$e. Hou should
3 'he (e)ita*e S%hool, Vasant Kunj +njali &hat
know your proJect in and out, so that no matter what the examiner asks you, you should be able to
answer himLher pretty well.
)he most important thing, your proJect should include is a case study because it not only makes your
proJect more readable, but also shows that you took out time to prepare it. )he case study
should be as detailed as possible.
Bow, where can you get a Ease Atudy% Kust go into any hospital and ask for a case study of a
particular disease and get it photocopied. If possible, also seek out a doctor in your city who is a
specialist in that disease and get his opinionLnotes on the subJect. 4et me ac2uaint you with the
meaning of in$estigatory research proJects.
In$estigatory proJects are meant to be a pleasureDcumDworkDcumDknowledge gathering exercise and it is
a type of experimental exercise performed with a scientific attitude by the students.
1. Selection of topic: For this, you need to work and read different chapters of your syllabus and
also consults scientific literature, maga0ines, newspapers, use search engines of internet, etc. )hen
select the topic of your interest.
2. Planning of the proect: Eollect all possible a$ailable information about the topic. ;repare a rough
outline of the experimental work of the proJect.
!. "#peri$entation for the proect: ;lan and conduct the experimental work with precision so that
you are sure to get correct results.
Following points should be kept in mind while performing the experiments for the proJect work.
i. Eollect data with honesty and utmost care.
ii. Fecord only your obser$ations and data.
iii. Fepeat the experiment se$eral times and take a$erage of the results of all the experiments.
i$. Eompare your results with those a$ailable in the reference books.
$. 7iscuss your results in the light of a$ailable information about the proJect and draw out
meaningful conclusion.
$i. <ake use of histograms, graphs, photographs, diagrams or models, case studies to support your
obser$ations
and conclusions.
$ii. &i$e a list of books, maga0inesLJournals and internet sites you ha$e consulted during the
course of your proJect.
$iii. (cknowledge the guidance, help and assistance rendered by your teachers, parents,
neighbours and friends by expressing sincere gratitude and thanks to them in the beginning.
%. &o' to 'rite: Atudents are re2uired to get their proJect report typed on bond paper sheets and to
represent it in the best possible manner. )he proJect report should be written in the following
se2uence8
)itle L (im M Bame of the proJect.
Introduction M Information collected from $arious sources related to the topic.
Fe2uirements M <aterials re2uired for experimental work.
;rocedure M #rite details of the experimental work you ha$e performed.
,bser$ations M Fecord your obser$ations L data in the form of tables, histograms, graphs,
photographs, etc.
Fesults L Eonclusion M &i$e analysis of the data and compare your results with those a$ailable in
the literature and draw conclusions.
Feferences M &i$e the list of books, internet websites, maga0ines or Journals you ha$e consulted,
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for the proJect work.
&ere are a fe' topics to give you an idea
If you are preparing the proJect on a disease write about its pre$ention, medication and cure too.
1. ( study on 1IN (ids M )alk about the disease, the $irus M go in details. Include a Ease
study.
2. 1ow 1air Eolors and 7yes (ffect your hair M Eonduct experiments on how different hair
colors and dyes affect hair. ;oint out the difference between ammonia included and
ammonia free hair dyes.
'. Eigarettes are harmful M 7o tests on $arious tobacco products and list out
their harmful effects. 7o a Ease Atudy.
-. Eancer M 7o a general o$er$iew first, then choose a particular cancer and write in detail.
do a Ease Atudy.
3. ;ulmonary )uberculosis M .xplain the disease. 7o a Ease Atudy.
*. Boise ;ollution and its effect on ears M Atudy and show how ears react to different
decibels of sound. #hat sound le$els are acceptable% 7o a case study, if possible.
=. .ye Eataract M .xplain the disease and do a case study.
@. ,$arian Eyst M .xplain the disease and do a case study.
>. Blood D .xplain the different components in detail. ;ick a disease related to it and do a
case study.
1+. )ea lea$esLEoffee addiction M .xplain how tea lea$esLcoffee beans cause addiction and
their effects. 7o a filter test. If possible, do a case study.
11. 7B( Fragments used in forensics M .xplain how 7B( fragments help sol$ing crime. 7o a
case study. Atudy apical dominance in potato and coleus
12. Atudy of pollen structure and calculation of pollen $iability.
1'. )o study dispersal of seeds by $arious agencies.
1-. Atudy the effect of a$enue trees on temperature under canopy and outside.
13. Atudy of coaguable and nonDcoaguable milk proteins.
1*. Atudy of pollination in sunflower and legume.
&ere are a fe' $ore tips to secure the e#tra $ar(s D
;lease make sure you write the proJect yourself /this fetches you extra marks",
rather than a print out.
( good proJect /including case study" should consist of 2+O pages.
;aste as many graphs, pie charts , diagrams and photographs regarding the topic as
possible. <ake it look appealing.
<ake sure that you understand the proJect really well, because you will need to score
good
on the $i$a too. ( great proJect and a poor $i$a will spoil the show.
)hink 3D1+ 2uestions about your proJect, which you think the examiner can ask you
and prepare them well.
, 'he (e)ita*e S%hool, Vasant Kunj +njali &hat