31.12.

97/9054T VI-7
Storage: All storm water drainage materials shall be properly stored and protected after delivery to site, prior
to installation. In particular all plastic pipes, GRP pipes, coal tar epoxy coated items, and other materials
subject to UV degradation shall be kept under cover from direct exposure to the sun. All temperature and
humidity sensitive materials such as paints and coatings shall be kept in AC controlled warehouses.
601.03 Glass Reinforced Plastic Mortar Pipe and Fittings (RPMP).
a. General. Glass Reinforced Plastic Mortar Pipe will also be classified within these specifications under
the general term "Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) Pipes.
Specifications covering machine-made glass reinforced plastic mortar pipe with flexible gasketed joints
and fittings for use in gravity-flow systems for conveying storm water, shall be in accordance with
ASTM Designations D3262 and D3840. Classification of reinforced plastic mortar pipes and fittings
shall be determined by laminating resin (Type) and reinforcement (Grade). The resin system used shall
comply with the requirements of the above-referenced specifications for ASTM Type I and Grade I (B.S.
3532) for polyester thermosetting resins and with ASTM Type 2 and Grade 2 (B.S. 3534) for epoxy
resin systems. The specification for epoxy resin materials shall comply with the requirements ASTM
D1763.
Joints, couplings and fittings shall be of the bell and spigot, or flanged type. Elastomeric seals (gaskets)
shall be in accordance with ASTM F477, or approved manufacturer's recommendations.
Installation procedures including trenching, jointing, pipe installation, backfill and deflection limits
shall be in compliance with ASTM Designations D3262 and D3839. Deflection limits shall not exceed
five percent. GRP pipe used under traffic areas shall be fully concrete encased otherwise directed by the
Engineer.
The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval the pipe supplier's complete and detailed
installation instructions for the laying of pipes and fittings in open trench and their connections to
structures. The instructions shall cover the means of assembly, joint testing and subsequent backfilling.
The Contractor shall submit the detailed design of the GRP pipes and GRP fittings that he proposes to
supply including calculations and all design parameters used. All pipes and fittings shall be capable of
withstanding the working pressures, tests pressures and loadings expected to be encountered in the field.
Pipes and fittings shall be designed for a projected factor of safety of not less than 1.5 after a 60-year
working life.
The pipe shall be designed for the ground conditions and depth below final grade, and in no case shall a
pipe have a stiffness less than the pipe stiffness required by ASTM 3262.
All pipes shall be manufactured utilizing the filament winding process unless an alternative
manufacturing process is approved in writing by the Engineer. Specific details of proposed alternatives
shall be submitted to the Engineer for review. The decision of the Engineer will be final.
The resins, reinforcements and aggregates when combined as a composite structure shall produce pipes
and fittings that satisfy the performance requirements of these Standard Specifications.
b. Pipes and Fittings. The pipes and fittings shall be suitable for carrying stormwater at a constant
temperature of 40C for a projected life of 60 years and resist any corrosive action of the soil
surrounding them for that duration of time.
GRP pipes and fittings long term specific stiffness shall be as shown on the drawings, indicated in the
BOQ, or as otherwise directed by the Engineer, but in no case shall the GRP pipes and fittings have less
than minimum initial specific stiffness of 2,500 N/M2 as determined by test method described in BS
5480 and ASTM D2412
Required 5000 N/m2
Stiffness Value
31.12.97/9054T VI-8
The internal surfaces of the pipes and fittings shall be smooth and both the internal and external
surfaces shall be clean and free from defects such as protruding fibbers, voids, pits, bubbles, cracks,
blisters, tackiness and foreign matter that would impair their performance in service.
The resin shall be of the polyester type but consideration will be given to alternative resins such as
epoxy or vinylester types. The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval the resin
manufacturer's name, the catalogue name and number of each resin and the following information on
the properties of each liquid resin he proposes to use:
1. Acid value
2. Viscosity at 25C (MPA.S.)
3. Specific gravity
4. Styrene content (%)
5. Curing agents, flexibilizers and other additives
In addition, the following information on the fully cured resin shall be provided:
1. Heat distortion temperature (C)
2. Glass transition temperature, ISO 75 (C)
3. Tensile strength (N/mm2)
4. Flexural strength (N/mm2)
5. Ultimate elongation (%)
6. Barcol hardness
7. Water absorption (%)
All resins to be used shall have been tested in accordance with ASTM D581.
All pipes and fittings shall have a resin rich liner of approved vinylester resin having an approximate
thickness of 2.5 mm comprising an innermost layer (i.e., that in contact with the liquid) of 0.6 mm
minimum to 0.8 mm maximum thickness incorporating two layers of "C glass. The remainder of the
liner construction shall consist of at least two layers of 450 g/m2 power bound "E" glass chopped strand
mat having a glass content between 25 percent and 35 percent by weight or the equivalent of chopped
strand "E" glass depending on the method of manufacture. No chopped strands or sand are allowed in
the inner face layer of the resin rich liner.
All resin systems adopted shall be at least equal to the requirements of BS 3532 for polyester
thermosetting resins and BS 3534 for epoxy resin systems. Substantiating test results from an
independent laboratory or testing house shall be submitted to the Engineer to verify that the proposed
system meets these requirements.
Pigment additives in the resins will not be permitted for these pipes and fittings unless otherwise
approved by the Engineer.
All fiber reinforcements used shall be of "E" type glass and shall comply with the appropriate standard
listed below and shall have a surface treatment compatible with the resin.
BS 3691 Glass fiber roving for the reinforcement of polyester and epoxide resin systems".
BS 3496 E glass fiber chopped strand mat for the reinforcement of polyester resin systems".
BS 3396 Woven glass fiber fabrics for plastics reinforcement."
BS 3749 'Woven roving fabrics of E glass fiber for the reinforcement of polyester resin.'
Rovings used in the structural wall shall not exceed 2400 Tex.
31.12.97/9054T VI-9
If the use of aggregates, fillers, and similar materials, is proposed by the Contractor in the manufacture
of composite pipes and fittings, the specific details shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval prior
to manufacturing the pipe.
The diameter of pipe has been designated by the nominal internal diameter. The manufacturing
tolerance on the internal diameter shall be:
+ 3.0 mm for pipes over 300 mm diameter up to and including 600 mm diameter,
+ 1/2 percent of the diameter for pipes over 600 mm diameter.
All deviations from roundness with the exception of pipe deformation due to its own weight shall be
contained within these tolerances. Deviations in the diameters of bells and spigots shall be kept to the
absolute minimum and shall be such that the seal at the joints is not affected.
Unless otherwise approved by the Engineer, all pipes shall be supplied in straight lengths of not more
than 12 m effective length. The permitted tolerance on the effective length shall be +50 mm.
The deviation from straightness of the bore of the pipe shall not exceed 0.3 percent of the effective
length of the pipe for pipes up to 5 m effective length to a maximum of 15 mm for pipes having an
effective length greater than 5 m.
At no position shall the wall thickness of the pipes and fittings be less than the minimum quoted by the
Contractor in the design of the pipe.
All fittings such as bends, tees, junctions, and reducers shall be equal or superior in performance to pipe
of the same classification. Bends, tees, and junctions shall be of miter construction and the use of steel
for any part of these fittings will not be permitted. The tolerance from the stated value on the angle of
change of direction of a bend, tee, or junction shall be 10 on nominal sizes up to 600 mm and +0.50
for larger diameters. The tolerance on the effective length of fittings quoted by the Contractor shall be +
5 mm. The Contractor shall submit detailed shop drawings of all pipes, specials, and fittings to the
Engineer for approval.
The weight of all pipes and fittings shall be given by the Contractor on forms prepared by the Contractor
and submitted with his shop drawings.
c. Joints. Except where otherwise detailed on the Drawings, all pipes and fittings shall have flexible
joints. Joints shall be of the bell and spigot type having a rubber o" ring(s) or flexible elastomeric
gaskets. All joints shall be capable of withstanding the various tests specified for the appropriate class
of pipe and shall withstand a deflection of not less than the manufacturers permissible deflection angle
in any direction while maintaining the specified test pressures.
Where it is found necessary to cut or turn down a pipe in order to form a joint, the exposed surfaces
shall be fully sealed by overwrapping with a continuous coating of fully cured, vinyl ester resin-saturated
glass mat at least equal to one times the pipe thickness.
The Contractor shall submit with his Tender a detailed shop drawing clearly dimensioned showing the
type of joint that he is proposing.
d. Gaskets. Minimum requirements for the rubber gaskets (o) rings shall comply with ASTM F477.
The Contractor shall ensure that the joint gaskets and joint rings are suitable for use in the prevailing
climatic, soil, groundwater and stormwater conditions.
e. Testing. GRP pipes and fittings shall be tested in accordance with Section 601.12, Materials Testing, of
these Standard Specifications.
31.12.97/9054T VI-10
601.04 Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe (RTRP) and Fittings
Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe will be also classified within these specifications under the general term,
"Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) pipe," and shall meet the general requirements included in Section 601.03,
Glass Reinforced Plastic Mortar Pipe and Fittings, of these Standard Specifications. Standard classification of
machine-made reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP) shall be determined by method of manufacturing
(Type), raw materials in body (Grade), liner material (Class) and pressure strengths in accordance with ASTM
D2310. Types of pipe are as follows:
1. Filament Wound Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe (Type 1)-ASTM D2996
2. Centrifugally Cast Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe (Type II)-ASTM D2997
3. Custom Contact-Pressure-Moulded Glass-Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Hoods (Type III)-
ASTM D3982
GRP pipes and fittings long term specific stiffness shall be as shown on the drawings, indicated in the BOQ, or
as otherwise directed by the Engineer, but in no case shall GRP pipes and fittings have less than a minimum
initial specific stiffness of 2,500 N/M
2
as determined by test method described in BS 5480
Joints, couplings, and fittings shall be of the bell and spigot, or flanged type. Elastomeric seals (gaskets) shall
be in accordance with ASTM C433, ASTM F477, or manufacturer's recommendations as approved by the
Engineer. Dimensions of reinforced thermosetting resin pipe and fittings shall be determined in accordance
with ASTM D3567. Installation procedures including trenching, jointing, pipe installation, backfill and
deflection limits shall be in compliance with ASTM Designations D3262 and D3839. Deflection limits shall
not exceed 5 percent,
Filament Wound Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe (Type 1) shall be manufactured by filament winding
pre-stressed, preimpregnated continuous glass fiber rovings in pre-determined dual Helix Angle Winding
pattern. The internal surface of the pipe and fittings shall be smooth and both the internal and external
surfaces shall be clean and free from defects such as protruding fibers, voids, bubbles, cracks, blisters,
tackiness and foreign materials. The structural wall of Filament Wound Reinforced Thermosetting Resin pipes
shall be manufactured by winding continuous glass rovings in a pre-determined winding pattern. No chopped
glass filaments shall be used in the structural wall. Sand shall not be incorporated in the structural wall. The
winding angle for circumferential layers shall be about 800 and for the helical layers, it should be between 550
and 650, measured from the axis of the pipe to ensure high rigidity and hoop strength.
601.05 Concrete Pipe and Fittings
a. General. Concrete pipe, fittings and appurtenances of the dimensions indicated on the Drawings shall
be as specified herein and as directed by the Engineer. The pipe to be installed at the various locations
is identified by the internal diameter in mm. All concrete pipe and fittings shall be reinforced concrete
pipe and fittings complying with the requirements of ASTM C 76M. All concrete pipe, fittings, and
appurtenances shall comply with circular reinforcement minimum wall thickness B, and concrete with
minimum cement content of 400 Kg per cubic meter. The pipe class and type shall comply with the
requirements shown on the Drawings, or identified in the Bills of Quantities, or as directed by the
Engineer.
Flexible watertight joints for circular concrete storm water drainage and culvert pipe using rubber
gaskets for sealing the joints shall comply with ASTM Designation C361M.
Reinforcement shall consist of bars of Grade 40 steel, complying with ASTM A615M or wire fabric
complying with ASTM Specifications A185 or A497. All reinforcement shall be fusion bonded epoxy
coated as otherwise specified.