7 Reasons Why Have Jews Rejected jesus For Over 2,000 YearsA Must Read For Every

Jew
What exactly is the Messiah?

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The word Messiah is an English rendering of the Hebrew word Mashiach, which means
Anointed. It usually refers to a person initiated into Gods service by being anointed with oil.
(Exodus 29:7, I Kings 1:39, II Kings 9:3)
Since every King and High Priest was anointed with oil, each may be referred to as an anointed
one (a Mashiach or a Messiah). For example: God forbid that I [David] should stretch out my
hand against the Lords Messiah [Saul]... (I Samuel 26:11. Cf. II Samuel 23:1, Isaiah 45:1,
Psalms 20:6)
Where does the Jewish concept of Messiah come from? One of the central themes of Biblical
prophecy is the promise of a future age of perfection characterized by universal peace and
recognition of God. (Isaiah 2:1-4; Zephaniah 3:9; Hosea 2:20-22; Amos 9:13-15; Isaiah 32:15-
18, 60:15-18; Micah 4:1-4; Zechariah 8:23, 14:9; Jeremiah 31:33-34)
Many of these prophetic passages speak of a descendant of King David who will
rule Israel during the age of perfection. (Isaiah 11:1-9; Jeremiah 23:5-6, 30:7-10, 33:14-16;
Ezekiel 34:11-31, 37:21-28; Hosea 3:4-5)
Since every King is a Messiah, by convention, we refer to this future anointed king
as The Messiah. The above is the only description in the Bible of a Davidic descendant who is to
come in the future. We will recognize the Messiah by seeing who the King of Israel is at the time
of complete universal perfection.

1) JESUS DID NOT FULFILL THE MESSIANIC PROPHECIES
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What is the Messiah supposed to accomplish? The Bible says that he will:
A. Build the Third Temple (Ezekiel 37:26-28).
B. Gather all Jews back to the Land of Israel (Isaiah 43:5-6).
C. Usher in an era of world peace, and end all hatred, oppression, suffering and disease. As it
says: "Nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall man learn war anymore."
(Isaiah 2:4)
D. Spread universal knowledge of the God of Israel, which will unite humanity as one. As it
says: "God will be King over all the worldon that day, God will be One and His Name will be
One" (Zechariah 14:9).
The historical fact is that Jesus fulfilled none of these messianic prophecies.
Christians counter that Jesus will fulfill these in the Second Coming, but Jewish sources show
that the Messiah will fulfill the prophecies outright, and no concept of a second coming exists.

2) JESUS DID NOT EMBODY THE PERSONAL QUALIFICATIONS OF MESSIAH

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A. MESSIAH AS PROPHET
Jesus was not a prophet. Prophecy can only exist in Israel when the land is inhabited by a
majority of world Jewry. During the time of Ezra (circa 300 BCE), when the majority of Jews
refused to move from Babylon to Israel, prophecy ended upon the death of the last prophets
Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi.
Jesus appeared on the scene approximately 350 years after prophecy had ended.
B. DESCENDENT OF DAVID
According to Jewish sources, the Messiah will be born of human parents and possess normal
physical attributes like other people. He will not be a demi-god,(1) nor will he possess
supernatural qualities.
The Messiah must be descended on his fathers side from King David (see Genesis 49:10 and
Isaiah 11:1). According to the Christian claim that Jesus was the product of a virgin birth, he had
no fatherand thus could not have possibly fulfilled the messianic requirement of being
descended on his fathers side from King David! (2)
SEE THE CATHOLIC CHURCHS RESPONSE TO THIS QUESTION
C. TORAH OBSERVANCE
The Messiah will lead the Jewish people to full Torah observance. The Torah states that all
mitzvot (commandments) remain binding forever, and anyone coming to change the Torah is
immediately identified as a false prophet. (Deut. 13:1-4)
Throughout the New Testament, Jesus contradicts the Torah and states that its commandments
are no longer applicable. (see John 1:45 and 9:16, Acts 3:22 and 7:37) For example, John 9:14
records that Jesus made a paste in violation of Shabbat, which caused the Pharisees to say (verse
16), "He does not observe Shabbat!"

3) MISTRANSLATED VERSES "REFERRING" TO JESUS
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Biblical verses can only be understood by studying the original Hebrew textwhich reveals
many discrepancies in the Christian translation.
A. VIRGIN BIRTH
The Christian idea of a virgin birth is derived from the verse in Isaiah 7:14 describing an "alma"
as giving birth. The word "alma" has always meant a young woman, but Christian theologians
came centuries later and translated it as "virgin." This accords Jesus birth with the first century
pagan idea of mortals being impregnated by gods.
B. CRUCIFIXION
The verse in Psalms 22:17 reads: "Like a lion, they are at my hands and feet." The Hebrew word
ki-ari (like a lion) is grammatically similar to the word "gouged." Thus Christianity reads the
verse as a reference to crucifixion: "They pierced my hands and feet."
C. SUFFERING SERVANT
Christianity claims that Isaiah chapter 53 refers to Jesus, as the "suffering servant."
In actuality, Isaiah 53 directly follows the theme of chapter 52, describing the exile and
redemption of the Jewish people. The prophecies are written in the singular form because the
Jews ("Israel") are regarded as one unit. The Torah is filled with examples of the Jewish nation
referred to with a singular pronoun.
Ironically, Isaiahs prophecies of persecution refer in part to the 11th century when Jews
were tortured and killed by Crusaders who acted in the name of Jesus.
From where did these mistranslations stem? St. Gregory, 4th century Bishop of Nazianzus,
wrote: "A little jargon is all that is necessary to impose on the people. The less they comprehend,
the more they admire."
For further reading on the "suffering servant":
jewsforjudaism.org/ss

4) JEWISH BELIEF IS BASED SOLELY ON NATIONAL REVELATION
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Of the 15,000 religions in human history, only Judaism bases its belief on national revelation
i.e. God speaking to the entire nation. If God is going to start a religion, it makes sense Hell tell
everyone, not just one person.
Throughout history, thousands of religions have been started by individuals, attempting to
convince people that he or she is Gods true prophet. But personal revelation is an extremely
weak basis for a religion because one can never know if it is indeed true. Since others did not
hear God speak to this person, they have to take his word for it. Even if the individual claiming
personal revelation performs miracles, there is still no verification that he is a genuine prophet.
Miracles do not prove anything. All they showassuming they are genuineis that he has
certain powers. It has nothing to do with his claim of prophecy.
Judaism, unique among all of the worlds major religions, does not rely on "claims of miracles"
as the basis for its religion. In fact, the Bible says that God sometimes grants the power of
"miracles" to charlatans, in order to test Jewish loyalty to the Torah (Deut. 13:4).
Maimonides states (Foundations of Torah, ch. 8):
The Jews did not believe in Moses, our teacher, because of the miracles he performed. Whenever
anyones belief is based on seeing miracles, he has lingering doubts, because it is possible the
miracles were performed through magic or sorcery. All of the miracles performed by Moses in
the desert were because they were necessary, and not as proof of his prophecy.
What then was the basis of [Jewish] belief? The Revelation at Mount Sinai, which we saw with
our own eyes and heard with our own ears, not dependent on the testimony of others as it says,
"Face to face, God spoke with you" The Torah also states: "God did not make this covenant
with our fathers, but with uswho are all here alive today." (Deut. 5:3)
Judaism is not miracles. It is the personal eyewitness experience of every man, woman and child,
standing at Mount Sinai 3,300 years ago.
See "Did God Speak at Mount Sinai" for further reading.

5) CHRISTIANITY CONTRADICTS JEWISH THEOLOGY
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The following theological points apply primarily to the Roman Catholic Church, the largest
Christian denomination.
A. GOD AS THREE?
The Catholic idea of Trinity breaks God into three separate beings: The Father, the Son and the
Holy Ghost (Matthew 28:19).
Contrast this to the Shema, the basis of Jewish belief: "Hear O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord
is ONE" (Deut. 6:4). Jews declare the Shema every day, while writing it on doorposts
(Mezuzah), and binding it to the hand and head (Tefillin). This statement of Gods One-ness is
the first words a Jewish child is taught to say, and the last words uttered before a Jew dies.
In Jewish law, worship of a three-part god is considered idolatryone of the three cardinal sins
that a Jew should rather give up his life than transgress. This explains why during the
Inquisitions and throughout history, Jews gave up their lives rather than convert.
B. MAN AS GOD?
Roman Catholics believe that God came down to earth in human form, as Jesus said: "I and the
Father are one" (John 10:30).
Maimonides devotes most of the "Guide for the Perplexed" to the fundamental idea that God is
incorporeal, meaning that He assumes no physical form. God is Eternal, above time. He is
Infinite, beyond space. He cannot be born, and cannot die. Saying that God assumes human form
makes God small, diminishing both His unity and His divinity. As the Torah says: "God is not a
mortal" (Numbers 23:19).
Judaism says that the Messiah will be born of human parents, and possess normal physical
attributes like other people. He will not be a demi-god, and will not possess supernatural
qualities. In fact, an individual is alive in every generation with the capacity to step into the role
of the Messiah. (see Maimonides - Laws of Kings 11:3)
C. INTERMEDIARY FOR PRAYER?
The Catholic belief is that prayer must be directed through an intermediaryi.e. confessing
ones sins to a priest. Jesus himself is an intermediary, as Jesus said: "No man cometh unto the
Father but by me."
In Judaism, prayer is a totally private matter, between each individual and God. As the Bible
says: "God is near to all who call unto Him" (Psalms 145:18). Further, the Ten Commandments
state: "You shall have no other gods BEFORE ME," meaning that it is forbidden to set up a
mediator between God and man. (see Maimonides - Laws of Idolatry ch. 1)
D. INVOLVEMENT IN THE PHYSICAL WORLD
Catholic doctrine often treats the physical world as an evil to be avoided. Mary, the holiest
woman, is portrayed as a virgin. Priests and nuns are celibate. And monasteries are in remote,
secluded locations.
By contrast, Judaism believes that God created the physical world not to frustrate us, but for our
pleasure. Jewish spirituality comes through grappling with the mundane world in a way that
uplifts and elevates. Sex in the proper context is one of the holiest acts we can perform.
The Talmud says if a person has the opportunity to taste a new fruit and refuses to do so, he will
have to account for that in the World to Come. Jewish rabbinical schools teach how to live
amidst the bustle of commercial activity. Jews dont retreat from life, we elevate it.

6) JEWS AND GENTILES
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Judaism does not demand that everyone convert to the religion. The Torah of Moses is a truth for
all humanity, whether Jewish or not. King Solomon asked God to heed the prayers of non-Jews
who come to the Holy Temple (Kings I 8:41-43). The prophet Isaiah refers to the Temple as a
"House for all nations."
The Temple service during Sukkot featured 70 bull offerings, corresponding to the 70 nations of
the world. The Talmud says that if the Romans would have realized how much benefit they were
getting from the Temple, theyd never have destroyed it.
Jews have never actively sought converts to Judaism because the Torah prescribes a righteous
path for gentiles to follow, known as the "Seven Laws of Noah." Maimonides explains that any
human being who faithfully observes these basic moral laws earns a proper place in heaven.
For further study of the Seven Laws of Noah:
The Seven Laws of Noah

7) BRINGING THE MESSIAH
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Maimonides states that the popularity of Christianity (and Islam) is part of Gods plan to spread
the ideals of Torah throughout the world. This moves society closer to a perfected state of
morality and toward a greater understanding of God. All this is in preparation for the Messianic
age.
Indeed, the world is in desperate need of Messianic redemption. War and pollution threaten our
planet; ego and confusion erode family life. To the extent we are aware of the problems of
society, is the extent we will yearn for redemption. As the Talmud says, one of the first questions
a Jew is asked on Judgment Day is: "Did you yearn for the arrival of the Messiah?"
How can we hasten the coming of the Messiah? The best way is to love all humanity generously,
to keep the mitzvot of the Torah (as best we can), and to encourage others to do so as well.
Despite the gloom, the world does seem headed toward redemption. One apparent sign is that the
Jewish people have returned to the Land of Israel and made it bloom again. Additionally, a major
movement is afoot of young Jews returning to Torah tradition.
The Messiah can come at any moment, and it all depends on our actions. God is ready when we
are. For as King David says: "Redemption will come todayif you hearken to His voice."
by Rabbi Shraga Simmons
Largely adapted from Aish.com

Jewish-Christian Disputations
Moses Nachmanides and The
Debate in Barcelona, Spain, 1263
The most famous of all Jewish-Christian disputations was between the apostate Jew Pablo
Christiani and Moses Nachmanides (the Ramban).
Nachmanides argued that the central issue separating Christianity and Judaism was not the issue
of Jesus messiahship, but whether or not Jesus was divine. There was no basis in Judaism,
Nachmanides said, for believing in the divinity of the Messiah or, indeed, of any man. To
Nachmanides, it seemed most strange "that the Creator of heaven and earth resorted to the womb
of a certain Jewess and grew there for nine months and was born as an infant, and afterwards
grew up and was betrayed into the hands of his enemies who sentenced him to death and
executed him, and that afterwards he came to life and returned to his original place. The mind
of a Jew, or any other person, cannot tolerate this." Nachmanides told the Spanish monarch,
"You have listened all your life to priests who have filled your brain and the marrow of your
bones with this doctrine, and it has settled with you because of that accustomed habit." Had
King James heard these ideas propounded for the first time when he was already an adult,
Nachmanides implied, he never would have accepted them.
Dating, Family Life and J ewish Survival
Studies have shown that most Jewish people today would like to marry other Jews. Yet studies
have also shown that most Jewish people today do not end up marrying other Jews!
What happens?
After many years of research in the field, Ive come to the conclusion that it boils down to one
thing: many people see marrying another Jew as something nice. They dont realize how
important it is. Once they see it as important, theyll do a few easy things that will make it
happen.
So why is it important to marry other Jews? Obviously the ultimate reason is the Torah itself.
The best way to stop intermarriage is to turn Jews on to Jewish ideas and life and visiting this
site is a wonderful way to do it.
However, we also need to think short-term. With thousands of Jews marrying out of the faith
each week, we need to explain why marrying other Jews is important for everyone, now,
irrespective of Jewish knowledge and practice.
Happy Marriage
Researchers report that two-religion marriages have more tension and disagreements than
comparable in-marriages. The causes for this tensions range from disagreements about which
holidays to observe, which religious tradition to bring the kids up in, different embedded
religious and cultural attitudes towards money and a host of other connected factors, and more.
These time bombs, lead to significantly higher divorce rates (sometimes twice as high!) and
lower marital happiness rates. With far fewer long-term problems to deal with, same-faith
marriages have a much higher chance of being happy and successful than comparable
intermarriages.
This is not surprising since practical issues can seriously affect a couple, despite their feelings for
each other. Consider that, presumably, 99.99% of couples who get married are in love.
Yet most of these couples get divorced, often quickly. Proof enough that love is not enough to
overcome practical obstacles. And in intermarriages, the practical obstacles are often
insurmountable.
Effects on Kids
Children look to parents as their bedrock of love, support, and care. In intermarriages, children
sense and see a lack of unity between parents and it often hurts them deeply. When asked
which she liked better, Christmas or Chanukah, one little girl responded, Christmas but you
promise you wont tell my daddy? Think about it: what are the chances that this little girl will
develop into a strong, self-confident young woman? It is not surprising that children of same-
faith marriages are more likely to feel secure in their identities, and therefore exhibit higher self-
esteem and confidence.
These two great dangers of intermarriage lack of happiness and problematic environment for
children - have been proven consistently over time and happen to be true for all religious
intermarriages, whether Hindu-Muslim, Catholic-Protestant, or Christian-Jewish. They also
happen to be true even if the non-Jewish spouse agrees to raise the kids Jewish, as time and time
again earlier agreements are put back on the table as people get older. Whatever they agreed to
previously, within 4-5 years of marriage, people often realize that they also value the traditions
they were brought up with. Then all the problems start.
Jewishness
In intermarriages involving one Jew and one non-Jew, the sad reality is that study after study
confirms that the vast, vast majority of intermarried families, Jewishness simply doesnt last.
Even amongst families where the kids are being raised as Jews only, 79% celebrate Christmas
in some form. Only 11% of the children of intermarriage would be very upset if their kids did
not regard themselves as Jews. Less than 10% of the children of intermarriage themselves marry
Jews. When asked what one calls the grandchildren of intermarriage, Milton Himmelfarb is said
to have answered, Christians.
Of course there are exceptions. However, in the vast, vast majority of cases intermarriages are
seriously affected by some or all of these three factors: in the vast majority of cases your
happiness and your kids stability and self-confidence depend on you marrying someone from
the same religious background. Furthermore, when one marries another Jewish person, the
chances of a familys Jewishness lasting increase exponentially.
What about dating non-Jews?
For many people, especially in their late teens and early twenties, dating and marriage seem quite
disconnected. It then seems quite reasonable to date non-Jews while still planning to marry
Jewish in the end. Ill probably go out with many different people, the person tells him or
herself, I have no intention of getting married now. When Im ready to settle down, Ill look for
a nice Jewish person.
Emotions are stronger than you think
Time and time again, the its just a date approach has proven itself to be shortsighted. What I
will call interdating (Jews dating non-Jews) leads to intermarriage in two ways. Firstly, as you
may have guessed, you may end up marrying the person you are just dating at the present time.
Consider the following statements:
For the first six months I enjoyed going out with her, but had no serious intentions of getting
involved
I didnt think it would become serious. At the time I was just going out and enjoying myself
The quotes you just read are from real people, recounted in John Mayers book Jewish-Gentile
Courtships. It was published in 1961, but the quotes could have been from any time or place.
Simply put, we never know what will happen with a relationship. What can start out as an
innocent summer romance might last much longer than expected and turn into a lifelong
commitment. The first reason to date Jewish people is then clear you never know when youll
fall in love.
Its all in the attitude
In order to understand the second reason to date Jewish people, let us shift our focus for a
moment to the act of giving tzedakkah (charity). The great medieval Jewish sage known as
Maimonides explained that it is better to give one dollar one hundred times than to give one
hundred dollars all at one time. At first glance, this idea is surprising. After all, the same amount
of money is being given. The explanation forms the basis for much of Jewish religious
thought.External actions affect us internally. By giving charity one hundred times, we will
slowly become more generous people. Giving once, even a lot of money, will not have the same
effect.
I once tested it out. I kept a lot of small change on me and for a month whoever asked was given
at least a small coin. At the beginning of the month, I felt quite proud of myself. Within a couple
of weeks, it became normal - of course Ill try and help someone out, I thought to myself,
anyone would. Then I spent the next month without giving a dime, no matter how pathetic and
needy the person was. At first I felt guilty. Those feelings didnt last too long. By the end of the
month, I resented every beggar I saw. Why dont they get a job? Why shouldmy money go
to them? I thought to myself.
What a radical change in attitude! By doing something on a regular basis, it becomes part of you.
If you neglect it, it becomes less and less a part of you.
The interdating attitude
Our subject is similar. Even if you are not presently ready to get married, if you want to marry
Jewish, dating non-Jews is still a bad idea because the more you date non-Jews, the more the
idea of intermarriage seems normal. Over the long-term priorities change.
Already in the 1971 National Jewish Population Survey, researchers discovered the important
but often overlooked statistic that Jews who intermarried were about four times more likely to
have dated non-Jews during their late adolescent period than were those who did not intermarry.
It is reasonable to assume that most did not marry their high school sweethearts - they simply fell
into patterns of dating.
Let us consider an example of how this change in attitudes can work. Consider
a college
freshman from the New York named Scott, with relatively strong Jewish feelings. He wants to
marry someone Jewish, and is 90% convinced that he will. Nevertheless, he continues dating
non-Jews in the meantime. It is hard to blame him for thinking that it probably wont do any
harm - after all, he doesnt plan on getting married for a decade, or more.
But four years of interdating and deepening relationships will inevitably change his perspectives
and the 90% marrying-Jewish conviction may only be 50% by senior year. Why? At this point in
Scotts life the most profound relationships he has had have been with non-Jews. His models for
relationships are non-Jewish models. Hes never had any religious problems with his non-Jewish
partners. Even Scotts taste in members of the opposite sex has been subtly changed - non-Jewish
habits and a non-Jewish look, if they exist, seem normal to him now, not any less familiar than
people from the Jewish community that Scott grew up with. He doesnt even remember being
convinced that marrying Jewish was so important.
When Scott gets a job in a city with few single Jews whom he can socialize with, his marry-
Jewish conviction drops even lower. He spends two more years getting more and more
comfortable with colleagues Christmas and Easter celebrations. His Jewish education, identity
and feelings recede further and further into the background. Office romance has bloomed on
more than one occasion and he finds that there is little that he doesnt have in common with the
attractive person in question. By the time he is ready to get married, marrying Jewish seems
unrealistic and unnecessary. He intermarries.
You are what you do
The more people date non-Jews, the more likely they are to marry out. Because even if they
dont marry the person they are dating now, their own attitudes on the subject change with time.
The idea of marrying a non-Jew becomes more and more acceptable at both a conscious and
subconscious level, and what seemed very important to them ten years ago marrying someone
Jewish has largely been forgotten.
Jewish Persecution | Timeline of Judaism | History of AntiSemitism
Lesser Known Highlights of Jewish International
Relations In The Common Era (an Abbreviated sampling)
DATE PLACE EVENT

250 C.E. Carthage Expulsion

224 C.E. Italy Forced Conversion

325 C.E. Jerusalem Expulsion

351 C.E Persia Book Burning

357 C.E. Italy
Property
Confiscation

379 C.E. Milan Synagogue Burning

415 C.E. Alexandria Expulsion

418 C.E. Minorca Forced Conversion

469 C.E. Ipahan Holocaust

489 C.E. Antioch Synagogue Burning

506 C.E. Daphne Synagogue Burning

519 C.E. Ravenna Synagogue Burning

554 C.E. Diocese of Clement (France) Expulsion

561 C.E. Diocese of Uzes (France) Expulsion

582 C.E Merovingia Forced Conversion

612 C.E. Visigoth Spain Expulsion

628 C.E. Byzantium Forced Conversion

629 C.E. Merovingia Forced Conversion

633 C.E. Toledo Forced Conversion

638 C.E. Toledo Stake Burnings

642 C.E. Visigothic Empire Expulsion

653 C.E. Toledo Expulsion

681 C.E. Spain Forced Conversion

693 C.E. Toledo Jews Enslaved

722 C.E. Byzantium Judaism Outlawed

855 C.E. Italy Expulsion

876 C.E. Sens Expulsion

897 C.E. Narbonne Land Confiscation

945 C.E. Venice Ban on Sea Travel

1009 C.E. Orleans Massacre

1012 C.E. Rouen, Limoges & Rome Massacre

1012 C.E. Mayence Expulsion

1021 C.E. Rome Jews Burned Alive

1063 C.E. Spain Massacre

1095 C.E. Lorraine Massacre

1096 C.E. Northern France & Germany
1/3 of Jewish
Population
Massacred

1096 C.E. Hungary Massacre

1096 C.E. Ralisbon Massacre

1099 C.E. Jerusalem Jews Burned Alive

1100 C.E. Kiev Pogrom

1140 C.E. Germany Massacres

1146 C.E. Rhine Valley Massacre

1147 C.E. Wurzburg Massacre

1147 C.E. Belitz (Germany) Jews Burned Alive

1147 C.E. Carenton, Ramenu & Sully (France) Massacres

1171 C.E. Blois Stake Burnings

1181 C.E. France Expulsion

1181 C.E. England
Property
Confiscation

1188 C.E. London & York Mob Attacks

1190 C.E. Norfolk Jews Burned Alive

1191 C.E. Bray (France) Jews Burned Alive

1195 C.E. France
Property
Confiscation

1209 C.E. Beziers Massacre

1212 C.E. Spain
Rioting and blood
bath against the Jews
of Toledo.

1215 C.E. Rome
Lateran Council of
Rome decrees that
Jews must wear the
"badge of shame" in
all Christian
countries. Jews are
denied all public
sector employment,
and are burdened
with extra taxes.

1215 C.E. Toulouse (France) Mass Arrests

1218 C.E. England
Jews Forced to Wear
Badges

1231 C.E. Rome
Inquisition
Established

1236 C.E. France
Forced
Conversion/Massacre

1239 C.E. London
Massacre & Property
Confiscation

1240 C.E. Austria
Property
confiscation. Jews
either imprisoned,
converted, expelled,
or burned.

1240 C.E. France Talmud Confiscated

1240 C.E. England Book Burning

1240 C.E. Spain Forced Conversion

1242 C.E. Paris Talmud Burned

1244 C.E. Oxford Mob Attacks

1255 C.E. England
Blood libel in
Lincoln results in the
burning / torture of
many Jews & public
hangings.

1261 C.E. Canterbury Mob Attacks

1262 C.E. London Mob Attacks

1264 C.E. London Mob Attacks

1264 C.E. Germany
Council of Vienna
declares that all Jews
must wear a "pointed
dunce cap."
Thousands murdered.

1267 C.E. Vienna
Jews Forced to Wear
Horned Hats

1270 C.E.
Weissenberg, Magdeburg, Arnstadt, Coblenz, Singzig, and
Erfurt
Jews Burned Alive

1270 C.E. England
The libel of the
"counterfeit coins" -
all Jewish
men, women and
children in England
imprisoned.
Hundreds are hung.

1276 C.E. Bavaria Expulsion

1278 C.E. Genoa (Spain) Mob Attacks

1279 C.E. Hungary & Poland
The Council of Offon
denies Jews the right
to all civic positions.
The Jews of Hungary
& Poland are forced
to wear the "red
badge of shame."

1283 C.E. Mayence & Bacharach Mob Attacks

1285 C.E. Munich Jews Burned Alive

1290 C.E. England
King Edward I issues
an edict banishing all
Jews from England.
Many drowned.

1291 C.E. France
The Jewish refugees
from England are
promptly expelled
from France.

1292 C.E. Italy
Forced conversions
& expulsion of the
Italian Jewish
community.

1298 C.E. Germany
The libel of the
"Desecrated Host" is
perpetrated against
the Jews of
Germany.
Approximately
150 Jewish
communities undergo
forced conversion.

1298 C.E. Franconia, Bavaria & Austria
Reindfel's Decree is
propagated against
the Jews of
Franconia and
Bavarai. Riots
against these Jewish
communities, as well
as those in Austria,
result in the massacre
of 100,000 Jews over
a six-month period.

1306 C.E. France Expulsion

1308 C.E. Strasbourg Jews Burned Alive

1320 C.E. Toulouse & Perpigon
120 Communities
Massacred & Talmud
Burned

1321 C.E. Teruel Public Executions

1328 C.E. Estella
5,000 Jews
Slaughtered

1348 C.E. France & Spain Jews Burned Alive

1348 C.E. Switzerland Expulsion

1349 C.E.
Worms, Strasbourg, Oppenheim, Mayence, Erfurt, Bavaria
& Swabia
Jews Burned Alive

1349 C.E. Heilbronn (Germany) Expulsion

1349 C.E. Hungary Expulsion

1354 C.E. Castile (Spain)
12,000 Jews
Slaughtered

1368 C.E. Toledo
8,000 Jews
Slaughtered

1370 C.E. Majorca., Penignon & Barcelona Mob Attack

1377 C.E. Huesca (Spain) Jews Burned Alive

1380 C.E. Paris Mob Attack

1384 C.E. Nordlingen Mass Murder

1388 C.E. Strasbourg Expulsion

1389 C.E. Prague
Mass Slaughter &
Book Burning

1391 C.E.
Castille, Toledo, Madrid, Seville, Cordova, Cuenca &
Barcelona
Forced Conversions
& Mass Murder

1394 C.E. Germany Expulsion

1394 C.E. France Expulsion

1399 C.E. Posen (Poland) Jews Burned Alive

1400 C.E. Prague Stake Burnings

1407 C.E. Cracow Mob Attack

1415 C.E. Rome Talmud Confiscated

1422 C.E. Austria Jews Burned Alive

1422 C.E. Austria Expulsion

1424 C.E. Fribourg & Zurich Expulsion

1426 C.E. Cologne Expulsion

1431 C.E. Southern Germany Jews Burned Alive

1432 C.E. Savory Expulsion

1438 C.E. Mainz Expulsion

1439 C.E. Augsburg Expulsion

1449 C.E. Toledo
Public Torture &.
Burnings

1456 C.E. Bavaria Expulsion

1453 C.E. Franconia Expulsion

1453 C.E. Breslau Expulsion

1454 C.E. Wurzburg Expulsion

1463 C.E. Cracow Mob Attack

1473 C.E. Andalusia Mob Attack

1480 C.E. Venice Jews Burned Alive

1481 C.E. Seville Stake Burnings

1484 C.E. Cuidad Real, Guadalupe, Saragossa & Teruel Jews Burned Alive

1485 C.E. Vincenza (Italy) Expulsion

1486 C.E. Toledo Jews Burned Alive

1488 C.E. Toledo Stake Burnings

1490 C.E. Toledo Public Executions

1491 C.E. Astorga
Public Torture &
Execution

1492 C.E. Spain Expulsion

1495 C.E. Lithuania Expulsion

1497 C.E. Portugal Expulsion

1499 C.E. Germany Expulsion

1506 C.E. Lisbon Mob Attack

1510 C.E. Berlin
Public Torture &
Execution

1514 C.E. Strasbourg Expulsion

1519 C.E. Regensburg Expulsion

1539 C.E. Cracow & Portugal Stake Burnings

1540 C.E. Naples Expulsion

1542 C.E. Bohemia Expulsion

1550 C.E. Genoa Expulsion

1551 C.E. Bavaria Expulsion

1555 C.E. Pesaro Expulsion

1556 C.E. Sokhachev (Poland)
Public Torture &
Execution

1559 C.E. Austria Expulsion

1561 C.E. Prague Expulsion

1567 C.E. Wurzburg Expulsion

1569 C.E. Papal States Expulsion

1571 C.E. Brandenburg Expulsion

1582 C.E. Netherlands Expulsion

1593 C.E. Brunswick Expulsion

1597 C.E. Cremona, Pavia & Lodi Expulsion

1614 C.E. Frankfort Expulsion

1615 C.E. Worms Expulsion

1619 C.E. Kiev Expulsion

1635 C.E. Vilna Mob Attack

1637 C.E. Cracow
Public Torture &
Execution

1647 C.E. Lisbon Jews Burned Alive

1648 C.E. Poland
1/3 of Jewry
Slaughtered

1649 C.E. Ukraine Expulsion

1649 C.E. Hamburg Expulsion

1652 C.E. Lisbon Stake Burnings

1654 C.E. Little Russia Expulsion

1656 C.E. Lithuania Expulsion

1660 C.E. Seville Jews Burned Alive

1663 C.E Cracow
Public Torture &.
Execution

1664 C.E. Lemberg Mob Attack

1669 C.E. Oran (North Africa) Expulsion

1670 C.E. Vienna Expulsion

1671 C.E. Minsk Mob Attacks

1681 C.E. Vilna Mob Attacks

1682 C.E. Cracow Mob Attacks

1687 C.E. Posen Mob Attacks

1712 C.E. Sandomir Expulsion

1727 C.E. Russia Expulsion

1738 C.E. Wurtemburg Expulsion

1740 C.E. Liule Russia Expulsion

1744 C.E Bohemia Expulsion

1744 C.E. Livonia Expulsion

1745 C.E. Moravia Expulsion

1753 C.E. Kovad (Lithuania) Expulsion

1757 C.E. Kamenetz Talmud Burning

1761 C.E. Bordeaux Expulsion

1768 C.E. Kiev
3,000 Jews
Slaughtered

1772 C.E. Russia Expulsion

1775 C.E. Warsaw Expulsion

1789 C.E. Alsace Expulsion

1801 C.E. Bucharest Mob Attack

1804 C.E. Russian Villages Expulsion

1808 C.E. Russian Countryside Expulsion

1815 C.E. Lubeck & Bremen Expulsion

1820 C.E. Bremes Expulsion

1843 C.E. Austria & Prussia Expulsion

1850 C.E. New York City
500 People, Led by
Police, Attacked &
Wrecked Jewish
Synagogue

1862 C.E. Area under General Grant's Jurisdiction in the United States Expulsion

1866 C.E Galatz (Romania) Expulsion

1871 C.E. Odena Mob Attack

1887 C.E. Slovakia Mob Attacks

1897 C.E. Kantakuzenka (Russia) Mob Attacks

1898 C.E. Rennes (France) Mob Attack

1899 C.E. Nicholayev Mob Attack

1900 C.E. Konitz (Prussia) Mob Attack

1902 C.E. Poland Widespread Pogroms

1904 C.E. Manchuria, Kiev & Volhynia Widespread Pogroms

1905 C.E. Zhitomir (Yolhynia) Mob Attacks

1919 C.E Bavaria Expulsion

1915 C.E. Georgia (U.S.A.) Leo Frank Lynched

1919 C.E. Prague
Wide Spread
Pogroms

1920 C.E. Munich & Breslau Mob Attacks

1922 C.E. Boston, MA
Lawrence Lowell,
President of Harvard,
calls for Quota
Restrictions on
Jewish Admission

1926 C.E. Uzbekistan Pogrom

1928 C.E. Hungary
Widespread Anti-
Semitic Riots on
University
Campuses

1929 C.E. Lemberg (Poland) Mob Attacks

1930 C.E. Berlin Mob Attack

1933 C.E. Bucharest Mob Attacks

1938-45 C.E. Europe Holocaust

Why Do People Hate The Jews?
t has been said that the history of almost all of the Jewish holidays can be summed up
succinctly: "They wanted to kill us; we won. Let's eat." Why has anti-Semitism been so
pervasive in so many countries, in so many time periods and for so many reasons? (One begins
to wonder. Perhaps there is something wrong with the Jews and Judaism? After all, there is an
old Yiddish saying -- "If one person calls you a donkey, ignore him; if two people call you a
donkey, buy a saddle.")
Between the years 250 CE and 1948 CE - a period of 1,700 years - Jews have experienced
more than eighty expulsions from various countries in Europe - an average of nearly one
expulsion every twenty-one years. Jews were expelled from England, France, Austria, Germany,
Lithuania, Spain, Portugal, Bohemia, Moravia and seventy-one other countries.
Historians have classified six explanations as to why people hate the Jews:
1. Economic -- "We hate Jews because they possess too much wealth and power."
2. Chosen People -- "We hate Jews because they arrogantly claim that they are the chosen
people."
3. Scapegoat -- "Jews are a convenient group to single out and blame for our troubles."
4. Deicide -- "We hate Jews because they killed Jesus."
5. Outsiders, -- "We hate Jews because they are different than us." (The dislike of the
unlike.)
6. Racial Theory -- "We hate Jews because they are an inferior race."

As we examine the explanations, we must ask -- Are they the causes for anti-Semitism or
excuses for Anti-Semitism? The difference? If one takes away the cause, then anti-Semitism
should no longer exist. If one can show a contradiction to the explanation, it demonstrates that
the "cause" is not a reason, it is just an excuse. Let's look at some contradictions:
1. Economic -- The Jews of 17th- 20th century Poland and Russia were dirt poor, had no
influence and yet they were hated.

2. Chosen People -- a) In the late 19th century, the Jews of Germany denied "Choseness."
And then they worked on assimilation. Yet, the holocaust started there. b) Christians and
Moslems profess to being the "Chosen people," yet, the world and the anti-Semites
tolerate them.

3. Scapegoat -- Any group must already be hated to be an effective scapegoat. The
Scapegoat Theory does not then cause anti-Semitism. Rather, anti-Semitism is what
makes the Jews a convenient scapegoat target. Hitler's ranting and ravings would not be
taken seriously if he said, "It's the bicycle riders and the midgets who are destroying our
society."

4. Deicide -- a) the Christian Bible says the Romans killed Jesus, though Jews are
mentioned as accomplices (claims that Jews killed Jesus came several hundred years
later). How come the accomplices are persecuted and there isn't an anti-Roman
movement through history? b) Jesus himself said, "Forgive them [i.e., the Jews], for they
know not what they do." The Second Vatican Council in 1963 officially exonerated the
Jews as the killers of Jesus. Neither statement of Christian belief lessened anti-Semitism.

5. Outsiders -- With the Enlightenment in the late 18th century, many Jews rushed to
assimilate. Anti-Semitism should have stopped. Instead, for example, with the Nazis
came the cry, in essence: "We hate you, not because you're different, but because you're
trying to become like us! We cannot allow you to infect the Aryan race with your inferior
genes."

6. Racial Theory -- The overriding problem with this theory is that it is self-contradictory:
Jews are not a race. Anyone can become a Jew - and members of every race, creed and
color in the world have done so at one time or another.

Every other hated group is hated for a relatively defined reason. We Jews, however, are
hated in paradoxes: Jews are hated for being a lazy and inferior race - but also for dominating the
economy and taking over the world. We are hated for stubbornly maintaining our separateness -
and, when we do assimilate - for posing a threat to racial purity through intermarriages. We are
seen as pacifists and as warmongers; as capitalist exploiters and as revolutionary communists;
possessed of a Chosen-People mentality, as well as of an inferiority complex. It seems that we
just can't win.
QUOTES:
Of all the extreme fanaticism which plays havoc in mans nature, there is not one as
irrational as anti-Semitism. If the Jews are rich [these fanatics] are victims of theft. If they are
poor, they are victims of ridicule. If they take sides in a war, it is because they wish to take
advantage from the spilling of non-Jewish blood. If they espouse peace, it is because they are
scared by their natures or traitors. If the Jew dwells in a foreign land he is persecuted and
expelled. If he wishes to return to his own land, he is prevented from doing so.
- Lloyd George stated in 1923
"The uniqueness of anti-Semitism lies in the fact that no other people in the world have ever
been charged simultaneously with alienation from society and with cosmopolitanism, with being
capitalistic exploiters and also revolutionary communist advocators. The Jews were accused of
having an imperious mentality, at the same time they're a people of the book. They're accused of
being militant aggressors, at the same time as being cowardly pacifists. With being a Chosen
people, and also having an inferior human nature. With both arrogance and timidity. With both
extreme individualism and community adherence. With being guilty of the crucifixion of Jesus
and at the same time held to account for the invention of Christianity."
- A speech about the irrationality of anti-Semitism
by professor Michael Curtis, of Rutgers
University, 1987
The Reason For Anti-Semitism
AntiSemitism The Longest Hatred

"Who has made us Jews different from all other people? Who has allowed us to suffer so
terribly up until now? It is G-d who has made us as we are, but it will be God, too, who will
raise us up again. Who knows it might even be our religion from which the world and all
peoples learn good, and for that reason and only that reason do we suffer. We can never become
just Netherlanders, or just English or representatives of any country for that matter. We will
always remain Jews."
- From the diary of Anne Frank, April 11, 1944

Anti-Semitism is unique amongst the hatreds in the world in a combination of four aspects: 1)
Longevity -- it's been around a long time 2) Universality -- virtually everywhere in the world 3)
Intensity -- it's expressed in a particularly virulent manner 4) Confusion -- there is surprisingly
little agreement on why people hate the Jews.
Historians
offer
many "reasons" to explain why people are anti-Semitic:Jews are too powerful or too lazy;
too separate or a threat to "racial purity" through assimilation; pacifistic or warmongers;
capitalist exploiters or revolutionary communists; the "killers" of Jesus or the progenitors of
Jesus; possessors of a Chosen People mentality or an inferiority complex. These reasons have
one thing in common -- they have nothing to do with our being Jewish. One might think that we
are just the victims of bad luck -- always possessing the needed quality to be hated wherever we
are in the world at exactly that time in history.
Do you know who disagrees with the historians? Anne Frank. Writes Anne Frank on April 11,
1944 in her diary: "Who knows -- it might even be our religion from which the world and all
peoples learn good, and for that reason and that reason alone do we now suffer. We can never
become just Netherlanders, or just English, or representatives of any other country for that
matter. We will always remain Jews."
Anne Frank made a point of stressing that Jews have something of special value to give to
the world, and that is precisely what the world has resented, and that is why people have
persecuted Jews. Anne Frank identifies anti-Semitism as a hatred of Jewishness, a loathing
altogether different from the bigotry or racism that other peoples experience.
The Talmud (Tractate Shabbos 69) cites the source of anti-Semitismusing a play on words:
The Torah - the source of the Jewish system of laws, values and moral standards - was received
at Mount Sinai. The Hebrew pronunciation of "Sinai" is almost identical to the Hebrew word for
"hatred" - sinah. "Why was the Torah given on a mountain called Sinai?" asks the Talmud.
"Because the great sinah - the tremendous hatred aimed at the Jew - emanates from Sinai."
At Sinai Jews were told that there is one God, Who makes moral demands on all of humanity.
Consequently, at Sinai the Jewish nation became the target for the hatred of those whose
strongest drive is to liberate mankind from the shackles of conscience and morality.
At Sinai the Jewish nation was appointed to be "a light unto the nations." There are those
who embrace Jews and the Jewish faith because of that light; but there are also those who want
the world to be a place of spiritual darkness. They object to morality. Those would-be harbingers
of darkness attack the Jews as the lightning rod for their hatred. This "call to Sinai" - the message
entrusted to and borne by the Jews - ultimately transforms the world. Yet, it is this very message
that draws forth the wrath of those who would give their last ounce of strength to resist it.
A great many people simply can't cope with the burden of being good. However, when they
act in ways that are bad, they can't cope with the resultant feelings of guilt. Try as they may, they
can never cut themselves loose from the standards of absolute morality dictated by the Torah.
Stuck in this "Catch-22" situation, people turn with their mounting frustrations against the Jews,
whom they perceive as personifying humanity's collective conscience.
When the Jews entered the theological arena, they showed people all the mistakes they had
been making: Pagan gods are nonsense - there is only one God for all of mankind, Who is
invisible, infinite and perfect. Infanticide andhuman sacrifice are unacceptable. Every human
being is born with specific rights. No one can live as he pleases, for everyone must surrender his
will to a higher Authority.
On a certain conscious level, people recognize the Jews' message as truth. Those unwilling to
embrace the truth have found that the only way to rid themselves of it is to destroy the
messengers - for the message itself is too potent to be dismissed.
That is what is so irksome about the Jews, and that is why, for some people, nothing less than
total destruction of the Jews will do. If Judaism were just another ideology, people could laugh it
off and continue on their merry way. But deep in his soul, every human being recognizes the
essential truths of morality - people can't just laugh it off.
For the last 2,000 years the Jewish people have gone through enormous amounts of
persecution, hatred - ultimately leading to genocide. And through it all, the Jewish people always
held onto being Jewish. And the reason why is that they really understood that it was worth it.
They understood what the meaning of being Jewish was, and they were willing to pay the price.
The pain that is part and parcel of being Jewish is obvious; if people cannot see any meaning
to that pain, it is unlikely that they will be willing to stand by their Jewish identity. That is why
we find such widespread assimilation today - Jews do not see why they should "lose out" on life
and set themselves apart from their host societies.
If we can come to understand why Jews are so hated, we can understand who Jews are and,
more important, who Jews can be. A powerful effort has been made to remove the Jewish
element from anti-Semitism, and in doing so, to ignore the critical message anti-Semitism
teaches about the uniqueness and preciousness of the Jew. This alone is a compelling reason for
Jews to learn about anti-Semitism and what it means to be a Jew.
This article appeared in the Aish HaTorah Shabbat Shalom Fax written by Rabbi Kalman
Packouz; it was based on the "Why the Jews?" seminar which is available online
at http://www.aish.com/seminars/whythejews/
Concerning the Jews An Essay by Mark Twain
"If the statistics are right, the Jews constitute but one percent of the human race. It suggests a
nebulous dim puff of star dust lost in the blaze of the Milky Way. Properly the Jew ought hardly
to be heard of, but he is heard of, has always been heard of. He is as prominent on the planet as
any other people, and his commercial importance is extravagantly out of proportion to the
smallness of his bulk. His contributions to the world's list of great names in literature, , science,
art, music, finance, medicine, and abstruse learning are also away out of proportion to the
weakness of his numbers. He has made a marvelous fight in the world, in all the ages; and has
done it with his hands tied behind him. He could be vain of himself, and be excused for it. The
Egyptian, the Babylonian, and the Persian rose, filled the planet with sound and splendor, then
faded to dream-stuff and passed away; the Greek and the Roman followed, and made a vast
noise, and they are gone; other peoples have sprung up and held their torch high for a time, but
it burned out, and they sit in twilight now, or have vanished. The Jew saw them all, beat them all,
and is now what he always was, exhibiting no decadence, no infirmities of age, no weakening of
his parts, no slowing of his energies, no dulling of his alert and aggressive mind. All things are
mortal but the Jew; all other forces pass, but he remains. What is the secret of his immortality?"
Some looked to the sun ...others to the stars. Basically everyone had their own opinion. And so,
in what seemed to be a most democratic solution, they agreed that they were all right. In other
words, if a star worshipper would visit the city of the sun worshipper he would pay homage to
the sun deity and vice versa. Everyone felt quite content with this "open minded democracy."
Everyone that is except the Jew. He had different ideas altogether. This "new" concept of God,
was viewed by everyone as mankind's greatest spiritual achievement ... except of course, by those
who were not Jewish which was about the whole world. But the Jew held fast to his belief. He
took some bumps and bruises, but withstood the mightiest empires the world has seen. The
Egyptians for example; The Egyptians maintained a number of conceptions about reality with
which the Jew disagreed. The Jew took refuge in Egypt from a famine that had swept the land.
With the consent of the king (pharoah) he lived quite comfortably, keeping mostly to himself.
However, as time went on, the powerful culture of the Egyptians began to influence the Jew. It
was at this point in time that the Jew and his belief in one God were in the greatest danger. All at
once, things began to go bad for the Egyptians. They were hit by almost every plague in
the book. Attributing their strife to the Jew, they decided that the best, or rather the only thing to
do, was to get rid of him as fast as possible. And so it was that the Jew left Egypt. The Persian
empire extended to the four corners of the known world, or at least to wherever there was
someone from whom to collect taxes. The great wealth of the Persian helped him to secure a
place in history as one of mankinds all-time great consumers. However the Jew place in history
was entirely different. The Greeks had reached the heights of what secular society could hope to
believe. They loved beauty, art, science and sport. But most of all, they loved themselves. It was
totally beyond the Greeks comprehension that anyone would want to be like them. At first, the
peoples of the world didnt seem to understand. But eventually they came to see that being a
modern Greek was the only way to live. However, there was one people that continued to oppose
the Greeks. Thats right the Jew. This uncooperative attitude caused many sleepless nights for
the Greeks. How, they thought, could anyone not want to live like us? So the Greeks began to
flex their muscles. Surely, they thought this will convince the Jew. But the Jew is still with us
today with all his stubbornness and the Greeks well, they are not what used to be. And finally,
the Roman empire, the most powerful of them all. They extended Roman rule throughout the
world, always emphasizing justice (spelled just-us). The Romans, however, often dealt out justice
with a sporting sense of fair play. Of course, they always had the home court advantage.
Nevertheless, the Jew resisted in any way that he could, keeping alive the desire to send the
Romans back to Rome even if it had to be one at a time! And so, the centuries rolled by, ushering
in many new and exciting changes. Empires rose and fell. But there was one thing that remained
.... the Jew's desire to preserve what he believed to be nothing less than the sanity of mankind ...
the belief in one God.
For the Jew, history was an uphill battle all the way. It didn't matter if the hills were
in Spain, Germany, Russia or wherever. The story was the same. Always he was pitted against
seemingly hopeless odds. Today, we find much of our world characterized by Western "thought."
In fact, it's taught to almost everyone. For those of you who are not familiar with the
"educational" process it goes something like this. Unfortunately, most of us have little time
for reflection even though a little reflection would not be uncalled for in our day and age. In the
midst of all of this, the Jew endures, often setting the pace for the rest of us.
Sometimes, there is little difference between leading and being chased. After all the one in
front gets to pick the direction.

All things are mortal but the Jew; all other forces pass but he remains. What is the secret of
his immortality? Mark Twain