CABLEADO

ESTRUCTURADO
DEFINICIONES BASICAS
Ing. Yuri William Bravo Asencios
GENERALIDADES
TOPOLOGIAS
Cableado Estructurado
MDF
IDF
Horizontal
Cabling
Backbone
Cabling
TR
SE SE
WA
TR
SE SE
WA
TR
SE SE
WA
TR
SE SE
WA
TR
SE SE
WA
TR
SE SE
WA
Topologa Jerrquica de Estrella
COMPONENTES
COMPONENTES DEL CABLEADO
ESTRUCTURADO
Facilidades de Entrada
Cuarto de Equipos
Cableado Backbone
Cuarto de Telecomunicaciones
Cableado Horizontal
Area de Trabajo
Administracin
Facilidades de Entrada
Componentes para la conexin de los servicios externos al
cableado del Edificio.
Incluye:
Cables
Hardware de conexin
Dispositivos de Proteccin Elctrica
Hardware de Transicin
Punto de Demarcacin
Cuarto de Equipos
Es un ambiente de propsito especial que provee espacio y
mantiene unas condiciones ambientales apropiadas para
grandes equipos de telecomunicaciones.
Los cuartos de Equipos son considerados generalmente para
servir un edificio entero (o campus), considerando que un
cuarto de telecomunicaciones sirve a un piso de un edificio o
una porcin del piso.
Cableado Backbone
Describe a los cables que manejan el mayor trafico de
informacin.
La funcin del cableado backbone es proveer interconexin
entre cuartos de comunicaciones, cuartos de equipos,
facilidades de entrada, en el sistema de cableado estructurado.
El cableado backbone consta de los cables, Unidades de
distribucin Principal e Intermedia, Terminaciones
mecnicas, patch cords, jumpers, adems del cableado entre
Edificios.
Cuarto de Telecomunicaciones
Sirven como punto de terminacin del cableado horizontal y
backbone en el hardware de conexin.
Puede cumplir la funcin de Distribuidor Intermedio para
diferentes partes del cableado Backbone
Para el diseo de un cuarto de telecomunicaciones se debe
tener en cuenta:
El tamao del edificio, el rea til del piso servido, los requerimientos
de los usuarios, los servicios de telecomunicaciones a ser usados.
Considerar la flexibilidad para futuros cambios.
Considerar requerimientos de Iluminacin, Aire Acondicionado,
capacidad de carga de piso, y requerimientos elctricos.
Cableado Horizontal
El Cableado Horizontal es la porcin del Sistema de
Cableado Estructurado que se extiende desde el rea de
Trabajo (Outlet /Conector), hasta el Cuarto de
Telecomunicaciones (Horizontal Cross- Connect).
Incluye los cables, el outlet /conector en el rea de Trabajo,
la terminacin mecnica, y patch cords y jumpers en el cuarto
de telecomunicaciones.
rea de Trabajo
Comprende los componentes que se extienden desde el outlet
hasta el equipo. Los equipos terminales estn fuera del
alcance del Sistema de Cableado Estructurado (Equipos
Telefnicos, PC`s, etc.).
La longitud mxima del patch cord es de 3 metros (10 pies).
Cuando se requiere adaptadores (balunes, adaptadores
modulares, etc.), ellos deben ser externos al outlet.
Administracin
NORMAS
INTERNACIONALES
Estndares
Estndares
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--568 568--AA Commercial Building Telecommunications Commercial Building Telecommunications
Cabling Standard.1995 Cabling Standard.1995
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--568 568--AA--11 Propagation Delay & Delay Skew Spec. for 100 Propagation Delay & Delay Skew Spec. for 100
44--pair Cable.1997. pair Cable.1997.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--568 568--AA--22 Corrections and Additions to Corrections and Additions to
TIA/EIA TIA/EIA--568 568--AA--2.1998. 2.1998.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--568 568--AA--33 Addendum No. 3 to TIA/EIA Addendum No. 3 to TIA/EIA--568 568--A. 1998. A. 1998.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--568 568--AA--44 Production Modular Cord NEXT Loss Test Method Production Modular Cord NEXT Loss Test Method
for UTP. 1999. for UTP. 1999.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--568 568--AA--55 Transmission Performance Spec. for 4 Transmission Performance Spec. for 4--Pair 100 Pair 100 ,,
Cat. 5e. 2000. Cat. 5e. 2000.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--568 568--B.1 B.1 Commercial Building Telecommunications Commercial Building Telecommunications
Cabling Cabling
Standard, Part 1: General Requirements. Standard, Part 1: General Requirements.
2001. 2001.
Estndares
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--568 568--B.2 B.2--10 Define Cable UTP 10 Define Cable UTP para para 10 10--Gigabit Ethernet. Gigabit Ethernet.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--568 568--B.2 B.2--11 Commercial Building Telecommunications Commercial Building Telecommunications
Cabling Standard, Part 2: 100 Ohm Balanced Cabling Standard, Part 2: 100 Ohm Balanced
Twisted Twisted--Pair Cabling ( Pair Cabling (Categora Categora 6). 2002. 6). 2002.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--568 568--B.3 B.3 Optical Fiber Cabling Components. 2000. Optical Fiber Cabling Components. 2000.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--569 569--AA Commercial Building Telecommunications Commercial Building Telecommunications
Pathways & Spaces. 1998. Pathways & Spaces. 1998.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--569 569--AA--11 Addendum 1 Addendum 1 Surface Raceways. 2000. Surface Raceways. 2000.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--569 569--AA--22 Addendum 2 Addendum 2 Furniture Pathways and Spaces. Furniture Pathways and Spaces.
2000. 2000.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--569 569--AA--33 Addendum 3 Addendum 3 Access Floors. 2000. Access Floors. 2000.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--569 569--AA--44 Addendum 4 Addendum 4 Poke Poke--Thru Fittings. 2000. Thru Fittings. 2000.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--569 569--AA--55 Addendum 5 Addendum 5 Underfloor Underfloor Pathway Pathway
Estndares
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--569 569--AA--66 Addendum 6 Addendum 6 Multitenant Pathways and Multitenant Pathways and
Spaces. 2001. Spaces. 2001.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--569 569--AA--77 Addendum 7 Addendum 7 Cable Trays and Wireways. 2001. Cable Trays and Wireways. 2001.
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--570 570--AA Residential Telecommunications Cabling Residential Telecommunications Cabling
ANSI/EIA/TIA ANSI/EIA/TIA--598 598--AA Optical Fiber Cable Color Coding Optical Fiber Cable Color Coding
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--606 606 Admin. for Telecom. Infrastructure of Admin. for Telecom. Infrastructure of
Commercial Bldg. Commercial Bldg.
Estndares
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--607 607 Commercial Building Grounding and Bonding for Commercial Building Grounding and Bonding for
Telecom Telecom
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--758 758 Customer Customer--Owned Outside Plant Telecom Cabling Owned Outside Plant Telecom Cabling
Standard Standard
ANSI/TIA/EIA ANSI/TIA/EIA--758 758--11 Addendum No. 1 to TIA/EIA Addendum No. 1 to TIA/EIA--758 758
TIA/EIA TSB TIA/EIA TSB--67 67 Transmission Performance Spec. for Field Testing Transmission Performance Spec. for Field Testing
UTP UTP
TIA/EIA TSB TIA/EIA TSB--72 72 Centralized Optical Fiber Cabling Guidelines Centralized Optical Fiber Cabling Guidelines
TIA/EIA TSB TIA/EIA TSB--75 75 Additional Horizontal Cabling Practices for Open Additional Horizontal Cabling Practices for Open
Offices Offices
TIA/EIA TSB TIA/EIA TSB--95 95 Transmission Performance Guidelines for 4 Transmission Performance Guidelines for 4--Pair, Pair,
100 100 Cat. 5 Cat. 5
TIA/EIA TSB TIA/EIA TSB--155 155 Transmission Performance Specifications for 4 Transmission Performance Specifications for 4--pair pair
100 ohm Category 6 100 ohm Category 6
568C.0
Installation minimum bend radius for balanced twisted-pair cable has been
changed to 4x cable OD for both shielded and unshielded cable (Note: With the
maximum size of 0.354 inches from 568-B.2 Addendum 11, this means the worst
case minimum bend radius is now 1.5 inches for balanced twisted-pair cable, not
1.0 inch).
Patch cable bend radius for balanced twisted-pair cabling has been changed to "1x
cable OD" from "0.25 inches" to accommodate these larger cable diameters.
Maximum untwist for Category 6A cable termination was added and set to 13 mm
(the same as Category 6).
Augmented Category 6 (Category 6A) has been added as a recognized media type.
Optical fiber cabling performance and testing requirements were moved to this
document. (Note, however, that the copper cabling and testing requirements were
moved into the draft 568-C.2 document.)
568C.1
568C.1
Augmented Category 6 (Category 6A) balanced twisted-pair cabling was
added as a recognized media (by reference to 568-C.0).
A recommendation to select 850 nm laser-optimized 50/125-m as the
multimode fiber for commercial buildings is included.
Common information was transferred to 568-C.0.
150-? STP cabling, Category 5 cabling, and 50-? and 75-? coaxial cabling
was removed as recognized media.
Balanced twisted-pair cabling performance and test requirements were
removed and are to be placed in the ANSI/TIA-568-C.2 document.
568C.3
ISO 11801 nomenclature (OM-1, OM-2, etc.) has been added as a
parenthetical in the table of recognized fiber types.
Connector strain relief, housing and adapter color coding has been refined
for situations when color is used to identify fiber type; however, the color
codes are not mandatory in order to allow for the use of color for other
purposes.
The minimum OFL bandwidth for 62.5/125-m fiber was raised to
200/500 MHz?km (from 160/500). (Note: Thisapplies to 62.5-m fibers in
patch cords as well.)
Annex A connector test parameters have been aligned with the same
parameters in the IEC 61753-1, Category C document. This means that
connectors compliant to IEC would be compliant to 568-C.3. (Note: The
reverse is not true, as the IEC standard includes some additional testing
notcovered in 568-C.3; the IEC is the more stringent document.)
TIPOS DE MEDIOS
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1
ANSI/TIA/EIA 568 ANSI/TIA/EIA 568--B.1 Commercial Building B.1 Commercial Building
Telecommunications Cabling Standard, Part 1: General Telecommunications Cabling Standard, Part 1: General
Requirements. (Abril 2001) Requirements. (Abril 2001)
Indica los requerimientos generales. Provee informacin acerca Indica los requerimientos generales. Provee informacin acerca
del planeamiento, instalacin y verificacin de cableados del planeamiento, instalacin y verificacin de cableados
estructurados para edificios comerciales. estructurados para edificios comerciales.
Establece parmetros de performance de los cableados. Uno de Establece parmetros de performance de los cableados. Uno de
los mayores cambios de este documento, es que reconoce los mayores cambios de este documento, es que reconoce
nicamente la categora 5e o superiores. nicamente la categora 5e o superiores.
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1
Cable reconocidos: Cable reconocidos:
100 ohm, 24 AWG, TP, cuatro pares, 100 ohm, 24 AWG, TP, cuatro pares,
(22 AWG, 100 ohms ScTP)* (22 AWG, 100 ohms ScTP)*
150 ohm, 22 AWG, STP 150 ohm, 22 AWG, STP-- A, A,
dos pares shielded twisted pair dos pares shielded twisted pair
62.5/125, (50/125) cable de dos 62.5/125, (50/125) cable de dos
pares de fibra optica multimodo pares de fibra optica multimodo
Cable de fibra ptica monomodo Cable de fibra ptica monomodo
para el cableado backbone para el cableado backbone
Cable TP para 10 GigaEthernet
Comparacin Cat. 6 y Cat. 6A
Categoras del Cable UTP: Categoras del Cable UTP:
16 MHz 16 MHz Categora Categora 33
20 MHz 20 MHz Categora Categora 44
100 MHz 100 MHz Categora Categora 5 o 5E 5 o 5E
250 MHz, 250 MHz, Categora Categora 66
500 MHz, 500 MHz, Categora Categora 6A 6A (ANSI/TIA/EIA 568 (ANSI/TIA/EIA 568--B.2 B.2--10 ) 10 )
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2-1
TIPOS DE
CONECTORES
Conectores/Outlets
10Base-5: Cable R8, Conector Serie N
10Base-2: Cable RG58, Conector Serie BNC
10Base-T: Cable UTP, Conector de 8 pines
10Base-F: Fibra MM, Conector ST
100Base-TX: Cable UTP, Conector de 8 pines
100Base-FX: Fibra MM, Conector SC
1000Base-T: Cable UTP, Conector de 8 pines
1000Base-SX: Fibra MM, Conector MTRJ
1000Base-LX: Fibra MM, Conector MTRJ, LC