US008499869B2

( 1 2) Ulllted States Patent ( 1 0) Patent N 0. : US 8, 499, 869 B2

C i m atti et al. ( 45 ) Date o f Patent: Aug. 6, 201 3
( 5 4) C OOLIN G SYSTEM FOR AVEHIC LE WITH 7, 322, 399 B2 * 1 /2008 Guerrero et a1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 65 /1 01
HYBRID PROPULSION 2002/0073726 A1 6/2002 Hasebe et al.
2004/0206474 A1 * 1 0/2004 Watanabe et al. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 65 /5 1
. . . . 2005 /02745 07 A1 1 2/2005 Sanada et a1 .
( 75 ) Inv ento rs: Franco C 1 m att1 , ' P~ aVullo ( IT) ; Fabrlzlo 201 0/01 1 645 8 A1 , . 5 001 0 Ki m 1 65 /4l
Fav aretto , Fo rm lglne ( IT) 201 0/01 4761 1 A1 * 6/201 0 Am ano et a1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 80/681
( 73) Assi gnee: Ferrari S. p . A. ( IT) FOREIGN PATEN T DOC UMEN TS
FR 2844041 A1 3/2004
( * ) N o ti ce: Subj ect to any di sclai m er, th e term o f th i s W0 WO-2004/020927 A1 3/2004
p atent i s ex tended o r adj usted under 35
U. S. C . 1 5 4( b) by 25 3 days. OTHER PUBLIC ATION S
( 21 ) APPI' N O : 1 3/006, 21 3 Itali an Ap p li cati o n Seri al N o . IT B0201 0001 2, Search Rep o rt dated
N o v . 20, 201 0 , 2 p gs.
( 22) F1 led: J an. 1 3, 201 1 * C i ted by ex am i ner
( 65 ) Pri o r Publi cati o n Data
US 201 2/001 81 1 8 A1 J an. 26, 201 2 Pri m ary Ex am i ner i J o h n Walters
Assi stant Ex am i ner * Bri an SWenso n
( 30) Fo relgh APPh catm n Pno rlty Data ( 74) Atto rney, Agent, o r Fi rm * Sch Wegm an Lundberg &
Wo essner, P. A. ; Matt Prater
J an. 1 3, 201 0 ( IT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BO201 0A001 2
( 5 1 ) Int- C l- ( 5 7) ABSTRAC T
B60H1 /00 ( 2006. 01 )
( 5 2) US. C ] . A co o li ng system f o r a Veh i cle Wi th h ybri d p ro p ulsi o n, th e
USPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 80/68. 1 ; 1 80/684; 1 65 /41 co o li ng system i ncludi ng a h ydrauli c ci rcui t, Wi th i n Wh i ch a
( 5 8) Fi eld o f C lassi ? cati o n Search ref ri gerant ? o ws, Wi th a m ai n branch to co o l o f a th erm al
USPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 80/681 , 68. 2, 68. 4, 68. 6; 1 65 /41 , engi ne, anda seco ndary branch w C 001 electri cal C o m p o nents
1 65 /1 01 and at least o ne co m m o n radi ato r, Wh i ch co m p ri ses a ? rst
See ap p li cati o n ? le f o r co m p lete search h i sto ry. Po rti o n, th at i s no rm ally used by th e m ath branch o f th e
h ydrauli c ci rcui t and h as at least tWo trays arranged at th e
( 5 6) Ref erences C i ted ends, and a seco nd p o rti o n th at i s no rm ally used by th e sec
U. S. PATEN T DOC UMEN TS
5 , 35 3, 75 7 A 1 0/1 994 Susa et a1 .
5 , 884, 697 A * 3/1 999 Pi erro n et a1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 65 /203
7, 284, 5 94 B2 * 1 0/2007 Sanada et al. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 65 /41
o ndary branch o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t and h as at least tWo
trays arranged at th e ends.
1 8 C lai m s, 5 Drawi ng Sh eets
US. Patent Aug. 6, 201 3 Sh eet 1 o f 5 US 8, 499, 869 B2
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US. Patent Aug. 6, 201 3 Sh eet 3 o f 5 US 8, 499, 869 B2
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US. Patent Aug. 6, 201 3 Sh eet 4 o f 5 US 8, 499, 869 B2
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1
C OOLIN G SYSTEM FOR A VEHIC LE WITH
HYBRID PROPULSION
PRIORITY C LAIM
Th i s ap p li cati o n clai m s th e bene? t o f p ri o ri ty under 35
U. S. C . Secti o n 1 1 9 to Itali an Patent Ap p li cati o n Seri al N o .
B0201 0A 00001 2, ? led o n J an. 1 3, 201 0, Wh i ch i s i nco rp o
rated h erei n by ref erence i n i ts enti rety.
TEC HN IC AL FIELD
Th e p resent i nv enti o n relates to a co o li ng system f o r a
v eh i cle Wi th h ybri d p ro p ulsi o n.
BAC KGROUN D
A h ybri d v eh i cle co m p ri ses an i nternal co m busti o n th er
m al engi ne, Wh i ch transm i ts to rq ue to th e dri v i ng Wh eels by
m eans o f a transm i ssi o n p ro v i ded Wi th a gearbo x , and at least
o ne electri c m ach i ne, Wh i ch i s electri cally sup p li ed by an
electro ni c p o Wer co nv erter m ech ani cally co nnected to th e
dri v i ng Wh eels. Th e electri c m ach i ne i s dri v en by an electri c
dri v e co nnected to an electri c sto rage system typ i cally co n
si sti ng o f a p ack o f ch em i cal batteri es, p o ssi bly co nnected i n
p arallel to o ne o r m o re sup ercap aci to rs.
A co nv enti o nal v eh i cle co m p ri ses a th erm al engi ne co o li ng
system , Wh i ch uses a co o li ng li q ui d ( typ i cally Water m i x ed
Wi th anti f reeze substances) Wh i ch i s ci rculated th ro ugh th e
th erm al engi ne and th ro ugh a Water-ai r radi ato r Wh i ch i s
i nv ested o r i n? uenced by th e ai r Wh en th e v eh i cle i s m o v i ng.
In a h ybri d v eh i cle, a co o li ng system dedi cated to th e
electri c co m p o nents, i e to th e electri c m ach i ne, th e elec
tro ni c p o Wer co nv erter and th e sto rage system , i s also used o r
req ui red to av o i d th e electri c co m p o nents f ro m o v erh eati ng.
Wi th th i s regard, i t i s Wo rth no ti ng th at, i n use, all electri c
co m p o nents are so urces o f electri cal energy lo ss, Wh i ch i s
transf o rm ed i nto h eat and i s to be ap p ro p ri ately di sp o sed o f .
As i n th e th erm al engi ne co o li ng system , th e electri c co m p o
nent co o li ng system also uses a co o li ng li q ui d ( typ i cally Water
m i x ed Wi th anti f reeZ e substances) , Wh i ch i s ci rculated
th ro ugh th e electri c co m p o nents and th ro ugh a Water-ai r
radi ato r Wh i ch i s i nv ested o r i n? uenced by th e ai r Wh en th e
v eh i cle i s m o v i ng. Th e tWo co o li ng li q ui ds o f th e tWo system s
( i . e. th e co o li ng li q ui d o f th e th erm al engi ne co o li ng system
and th e co o li ng li q ui d o f th e electri c co m p o nent co o li ng
system ) are k ep t sep arate, because th e co o li ng li q ui d ci rcu
lati ng th ro ugh th e th erm al engi ne reach es, at f ull rate, a tem
p erature o f 1 00 -1 1 00 C . , Wh i le th e co o li ng li q ui d ci rculati ng
th ro ugh th e electri c co m p o nents sh o uld no t ex ceed, at f ull
rate, a tem p erature o f 65 -85 C .
In o rder to k eep th e tWo co o li ng li q ui ds sep arate i n th e
k no Wn h ybri d v eh i cles, tWo i ndep endent radi ato rs are p ro
v i ded, arranged si de-by-si de ( typ i cally o v erlap p ed so th at th e
radi ato r o f th e electri c co m p o nent co o li ng system i s i nv ested
o r i n? uenced by th e ai r ? rst) . In so do i ng, h o Wev er, th e radi a
to r o f th e electri c co m p o nent co o li ng system m ay no t be
ef f ecti v ely and ef ? ci ently used f o r co o li ng th e th erm al engi ne
Wh en th e electri c co m p o nents are no t used ( e. g. Wh en runni ng
o n a h i gh Way) .
Patent ap p li cati o n WO2004020927A1 descri bes a co o li ng
ci rcui t o f a v eh i cle p ro v i ded Wi th a m ai n h i gh -tem p erature
branch Wh i ch co o ls th e th erm al engi ne and Wi th a seco ndary
lo W-tem p erature branch Wh i ch co o ls th e v eh i cle eq ui p m ent;
th e tWo branch es sh are th e sam e radi ato r Wh i ch h as a central
20
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30
35
40
45
5 0
5 5
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65
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p o rti o n Wh i ch m ay be alternati v ely used by th e branch es
acti ng o n co rresp o ndi ng h ydrauli c v alv es.
SUMMARY
So m e ex am p les p ro v i de a co o li ng system f o r a v eh i cle Wi th
h ybri d p ro p ulsi o n, Wh i ch i s f ree f ro m th e abo v e-descri bed
drawback s Wh i le bei ng easy and co st-ef f ecti v e to be m anu
f actured.
Acco rdi ng to so m e ex am p les, a co o li ng system f o r a
v eh i cle Wi th h ybri d p ro p ulsi o n i s p ro v i ded as clai m ed i n th e
attach ed clai m s.
BRIEF DESC RIPTION OF THE DRAWIN GS
Th e p resent i nv enti o n Wi ll no W be descri bed Wi th ref erence
to th e acco m p anyi ng draWi ngs, Wh i ch i llustrate so m e no n
li m i tati v e em bo di m ents th ereo f , i n Wh i ch :
FIG. 1 i s a di agram m ati c p lan v i eW, Wi th p arts rem o v ed f o r
clari ty, o f a h ybri d v eh i cle p ro v i ded Wi th a co o li ng system
m ade acco rdi ng to so m e ex am p les;
FIG. 2 i s a di agram m ati c v i eW o f th e co o li ng system o f th e
v eh i cle i n FIG. 1 ; and
FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 are th ree di agram m ati c v i eWs o f th e
co o li ng system i n FIG. 2 sh o Wi ng th e ci rculati o n p ath s o f a
ref ri gerant i n th ree di f f erent o p erati ng m o des.
DETAILED DESC RIPTION
In FIG. 1 , num eral 1 i ndi cates as a Wh o le a v eh i cle Wi th
h ybri d p ro p ulsi o n p ro v i ded Wi th tWo f ro nt Wh eels 2 and Wi th
tWo rear dri v i ng Wh eels 3, Wh i ch recei v e to rq ue f ro m a h ybri d
p ro p ulsi o n system 4.
Th e h ybri d p ro p ulsi o n system 4 co m p ri ses an i nternal
co m busti o n th erm al engi ne 5 , Wh i ch i s arranged i n f ro nt
p o si ti o n, and i s p ro v i ded Wi th a m o to r sh af t 6, a serv o -co n
tro lled transm i ssi o n 7 Wh i ch transm i ts th e to rq ue generated
by th e i nternal co m busti o n th erm al engi ne 5 to th e rear dri v
i ng Wh eels 3, and a rev ersi ble electri c m ach i ne 8 ( i . e. Wh i ch
m ay Wo rk ei th er as an electri c m o to r by abso rbi ng electri cal
energy and generati ng m ech ani cal to rq ue, o r as an electri c
generato r by abso rbi ng m ech ani cal energy and generati ng
electri cal energy) , Wh i ch i s m ech ani cally co nnected to th e
serv o -co ntro lled transm i ssi o n 7.
Th e serv o -co ntro lled transm i ssi o n 7 co m p ri ses a p ro p eller
sh af t 9, Wh i ch i s angularly i ntegral Wi th th e m o to r sh af t 6 o n
o ne si de, and i s m ech ani cally co nnected to a gearbo x 1 0 o n
th e o th er si de, Wh i ch i s arranged i n a rear p o si ti o n and trans
m i ts m o ti o n to th e rear dri v i ng Wh eels 3 by m eans o f tWo ax le
sh af ts 1 1 , Wh i ch recei v e m o ti o n f ro m a di f f erenti al 1 2. Th e
rev ersi ble electri c m ach i ne 8 i s m ech ani cally co nnected to th e
gearbo x 1 0 and dri v en by an electro ni c p o Wer co nv erter 1 3
co nnected to a sto rage system 1 4, Wh i ch i s adap ted to sto re
electri cal energy and co m p ri ses a seri es o f sto rage dev i ces 1 5
( sh o Wn i n detai l i n FIGS. 3 and 4) i ncludi ng ch em i cal batter
i es and/o r sup ercap aci to rs.
As sh o Wn i n FIG. 2, v eh i cle 1 co m p ri ses a co o li ng system
1 6, Wh i ch h as th e task o f co o li ng th e th erm al engi ne 5 , th e
gearbo x 1 0 and th e electri c co m p o nents ( i . e. electri c m ach i ne
8, electro ni c p o Wer co nv erter 1 3, and sto rage system 1 4) .
Th e co o li ng system 1 6 co m p ri ses a h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 i n
Wh i ch a ref ri gerant ? o Ws, Wh i ch typ i cally i ncludes Water
m i x ed Wi th an anti f reeZ e addi ti v e. Th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7
co m p ri ses a m ai n branch 1 8, Wh i ch i s enti rely lo cated i n f ro nt
p o si ti o n and co o ls th e th erm al engi ne 5 , and a seco ndary
branch Wh i ch i s p arti ally lo cated i n rear p o si ti o n and co o ls th e
US 8, 499, 869 B2
3
electri c co m p o nents ( i . e. electri c m ach i ne 8, electro ni c p o wer
co nv erter 1 3 and sto rage system 1 4) .
Th e co o li ng system 1 6 co m p ri ses a si ngle radi ato r 20 ( i . e.
a h eat ex ch anger 20 o f th e Water/ai r typ e) , Wh i ch i s arranged
i n th e f ro ntal p o si ti o n to be i nv ested o r i n? uenced by ai r Wh en
v eh i cle 1 i s m o v i ng, th e si ngle radi ato r i n co m m o n Wi th bo th
branch es 1 8 and 1 9 o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7. Acco rdi ng to
a di f f erent em bo di m ent ( no t sh o Wn) , tWo tWi n radi ato rs 20 are
p ro v i ded, Wh i ch are co nnected to each o th er ei th er i n seri es o r
i n p arallel. Radi ato r 20 co m p ri ses a larger p o rti o n 20a ( as i t
sh o uld di sp o se o f m o re h eat) , Wh i ch i s no rm ally used by th e
m ai n branch 1 8 o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 and i s U -sh ap ed
( th us th e i nlet and o utlet are arranged o n th e sam e si de) , and
a sm aller p o rti o n 20b ( as i t sh o uld di sp o se o f a lesser am o unt
o f h eat) , Wh i ch i s no rm ally used by th e seco ndary branch 1 9
o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 and h as a recti li near sh ap e ( th us th e
i nlet and o utlet are arranged o n o p p o si te si des) . Acco rdi ng to
a di f f erent em bo di m ent ( no t sh o Wn) , p o rti o n 20a o f radi ato r
20 also h as a recti li near sh ap e ( th us th e i nlet and o utlet are
arranged o n o p p o si te si des) . Acco rdi ng to a f urth er em bo di
m ent ( no t sh o Wn) , p o rti o n 20a o f radi ato r 20 sh o Ws a m o re
co m p lex sh ap e th an th e U sh ap e; f o r ex am p le, p o rti o n 20a
o f radi ato r 20 i s S -sh ap ed ( Wh ere th e i nlet and o utlet are
arranged o n o p p o si te si des) .
Radi ato r 20 co m p ri ses a p ack 21 o f co i ls Wh i ch i s co n
cerned o r i n? uenced by th e ai r Ho w to carry o ut th e th erm al
ex ch ange and Wh i ch i s di v i ded i nto a p ack 21 a o f co i ls
belo ngi ng to p o rti o n 20a and a p ack o f co i ls 21 b belo ngi ng to
p o rti o n 20b. Radi ato r 20 co m p ri ses an i np ut tray 221 1 ( o r i np ut
m ani f o ld 221 1 ) , Wh i ch i s arranged at o ne end o f radi ato r 20 and
f eeds th e ref ri gerant to th e p ack 21 a o f co i ls, an o utp ut tray
23a ( o r o utp ut m ani f o ld 23a) , Wh i ch i s arranged at o ne end o f
radi ato r 20 and recei v es th e ref ri gerant f ro m th e p ack 21 a o f
co i ls, and an i nterm edi ate tray 24 ( o r i nterm edi ate m ani f o ld
24) , Wh i ch i s arranged at o ne end o f radi ato r 20 and m ak es th e
ref ri gerant p erf o rm a U turn. Si m i larly, radi ato r 20 co m
p ri ses an i np ut tray 22b ( o r i np ut m ani f o ld 22b) , Wh i ch i s
arranged at o ne end o f radi ato r 20, f eeds th e ref ri gerant to th e
p ack 21 b o f co i ls and i s arranged by th e si de o f th e i np ut tray
22a, and an o utp ut tray 23b ( o r o utp ut m ani f o ld 23b) , Wh i ch
i s arranged at o ne end o f radi ato r 20, recei v es ref ri gerant f ro m
th e p ack 21 b o f co i ls and i s arranged by th e si de th e i nterm e
di ate tray 24.
Th e i np ut tray 221 1 i s di v i ded f ro m th e i np ut tray 22b by a
? rst p arti ti o n 25 , Wh i ch i s m o v able betWeen a clo sed p o si ti o n
( sh o Wn i n FIGS. 2 and 4) , i n Wh i ch i t determ i nes a sealed
i so lati o n betWeen th e i np ut tray 22a and th e i np ut tray 22b,
and an o p en p o si ti o n ( sh o Wn i n FIGS. 3 and 5 ) , i n Wh i ch i t
p uts i np ut tray 22a i nto co m m uni cati o n Wi th i np ut tray 22b.
Parti ti o n 25 i s co nnected to an actuato r dev i ce 26 ( typ i cally
electri cally actuated by m eans o f an electri c m o to r o r elec
tro m agnet) Wh i ch m o v es p arti ti o n 25 Wi th a translati o n m o v e
m ent betWeen th e clo sed p o si ti o n and th e o p en p o si ti o n.
Si m i larly, th e i nterm edi ate tray 24 i s di v i ded f ro m th e o utp ut
tray 23b by a p arti ti o n 27, Wh i ch i s m o v able betWeen a clo sed
p o si ti o n ( sh o Wn i n FIGS. 2 and 4) , i n Wh i ch i t determ i nes a
sealed i so lati o n betWeen th e i nterm edi ate tray 24 and th e
o utp ut tray 23b, and an o p en p o si ti o n ( sh o Wn i n FIGS. 3 and
5 ) , i n Wh i ch i t p uts th e i nterm edi ate tray 24 i nto co m m uni ca
ti o n Wi th th e o utp ut tray 23. Parti ti o n 27 i s co nnected to an
actuato r dev i ce 28 ( typ i cally electri cally actuated by m eans o f
an electri c m o to r o r electro m agnet) , Wh i ch m o v es p arti ti o n 27
Wi th a translati o n m o v em ent betWeen th e clo sed p o si ti o n and
th e o p en p o si ti o n.
Th e m ai n branch 1 8 co m p ri ses a m ech ani cally actuated
ci rculati o n p um p 29, Wh i ch determ i nes th e ci rculati o n o f
ref ri gerant alo ng th e m ai n branch 1 8 and i s di rectly actuated
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40
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by th e m o to r sh af t 6 o f th erm al engi ne 5 . Furth erm o re, th e
m ai n branch 1 8 co m p ri ses a p i p e 30, Wh i ch co nnects an o utlet
o f a co o li ng labyri nth o f th e engi ne blo ck o f th erm al engi ne 5
to th e i np ut tray 221 1 o f p o rti o n 20a o f radi ato r 20, a p i p e 31
Wh i ch co nnects th e o utp ut tray 23a o f p o rti o n 20a o f radi ato r
20 to an i nlet o f a h eat ex ch anger 32 o f th e Water/o i l typ e,
Wh i ch co o ls th e lubri cati o n o i l o f th erm al engi ne 5 , a p i p e 33
Wh i ch co nnects an o utlet o f th e h eat ex ch anger 32 to an i nlet
o f th e ci rculati o n p um p 29, and a p i p e 34 Wh i ch co nnects an
o utlet o f th e ci rculati o n p um p 29 to an i nlet o f th e co o li ng
labyri nth o f th e engi ne blo ck o f th erm al engi ne 5 .
Acco rdi ng to so m e ex am p les, th e m ai n branch 1 8 co m
p ri ses a byp ass v alv e 35 , Wh i ch p uts th e p i p es 30 and 31 i nto
co m m uni cati o n and i s electro ni cally dri v en ( alternati v ely, th e
byp ass ci rculati o n v alv e 35 co uld be th erm o stati c) . Wh en th e
byp ass v alv e 35 i s clo sed, th e ref ri gerant ? o Ws th ro ugh th e
radi ato r 20, Wh i le Wh en th e byp ass v alv e 35 i s o p en, th e
ref ri gerant ? o Ws th ro ugh th e byp ass v alv e 35 and do es no t
cro ss radi ato r 20. Th e byp ass v alv e 35 i s dri v en acco rdi ng to
th e tem p erature o f th e ref ri gerant, Wh i ch i s m easured by a
tem p erature senso r ( k no Wn and no t sh o Wn) arranged alo ng
th e m ai n branch 1 8 o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7. Wh en th e
tem p erature o f th e ref ri gerant i s belo W a m i ni m um th resh o ld
v alue ( i . e. Wh en th erm al engi ne 5 i s co ld ) , th e byp ass v alv e
35 i s o p ened to av o i d th e ref ri gerant f ro m cro ssi ng radi ato r 20
and th us to h o ld th e h eat p ro duced Wi th i n th erm al engi ne 5 as
m uch as p o ssi ble, so as to accelerate th e h eati ng o f th e th erm al
engi ne 5 i tself ; i nstead, Wh en th e tem p erature o f th e ref ri ger
ant i s abo v e th e m i ni m um th resh o ld v alue ( i . e. Wh en th erm al
engi ne 5 i s h o t ) , th e byp ass v alv e 35 i s clo sed to ci rculate
th e ref ri gerant th ro ugh radi ato r 20, so as to allo W th e h eat
p ro duced by th erm al engi ne 5 to di sp erse i nto th e ex ternal
env i ro nm ent.
Th e seco ndary branch 1 9 co m p ri ses an electri cally actu
ated ci rculati o n p um p 36, Wh i ch determ i nes th e ci rculati o n o f
th e ref ri gerant alo ng th e seco ndary branch 1 9 and, acco rdi ng
to so m e ex am p les, i s i ntegrated Wi th th e electro ni c p o Wer
co nv erter 1 3 to f o rm a si ngle uni t enclo sed i n a co m m o n
co ntai ner 37. Mo reo v er, th e seco ndary branch 1 9 co m p ri ses a
p i p e 38 Wh i ch co nnects th e o utp ut tray 23b o f p o si ti o n 20b o f
radi ato r 20 to an i nlet o f a h eat ex ch anger 39 o f th e sto rage
system 1 4, a p i p e 40 Wh i ch co nnects an o utlet o f th e h eat
ex ch anger 39 to an i nlet o f th e ci rculati o n p um p 36, a p i p e 41
Wh i ch co nnects an o utlet o f th e ci rculati o n p um p 3 6 to an i nlet
o f a h eat ex ch anger 42 o f th e electro ni c p o Wer co nv erter 1 3, a
p i p e 43 Wh i ch co nnects an o utlet o f th e h eat ex ch anger 42 to
an i nlet o f a co o li ng labyri nth o f th e electri c m ach i ne 8, and a
p i p e 44 Wh i ch co nnects an o utlet o f th e co o li ng labyri nth o f
th e electri c m ach i ne 8 to th e i np ut tray 22b o f p o rti o n 20b o f
radi ato r 20.
Furth er co nstructi o nal detai ls o f th e h eat ex ch anger 39 o f
sto rage system 1 4 and o f th e h eat ex ch anger 42 o f electro ni c
p o Wer co nv erter 1 3 are p ro v i ded i n p atent ap p li cati o n
lT2009BO00l 81 Wh i ch i s i nco rp o rated h erei n by ref erence
i n i ts enti rety.
Fi nally, th e co o li ng system 1 6 co m p ri ses a co ntro l uni t 45 ,
Wh i ch sup eri ntends th e o p erati o n o f th e co o li ng system 1 6
and, i n p arti cular, dri v es th e actuato rs 26 and 28 to determ i ne
th e p o si ti o n o f p arti ti o ns 25 and 27 acco rdi ng to th e co ntro l
lo gi c descri bed belo W.
Wi th ref erence to FIG. 3, Wh en th erm al engi ne 5 i s o n and
ci rculati o n p um p 36 i s o f f , i . e. Wh en th e electri c co m p o nents
do no t use o r req ui re co o li ng ( typ i cally Wh en electri c m ach i ne
8 i s o f f ) , p arti ti o ns 25 and 27 m ay be o p ened ( i . e. m ay be
arranged i n th e o p en p o si ti o n) to allo W th e m ai n branch 1 8 o f
th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 to use, i n addi ti o n to th e p o rti o n 201 1 ,
also th e p o rti o n 20b o f radi ato r 20. Wh en p arti ti o ns 25 and 27
US 8, 499, 869 B2
5
are o p en, th e i np ut tray 221 1 co m m uni cates Wi th th e i np ut tray
22b, and th e i nterm edi ate tray 24 co m m uni cates Wi th th e
o utp ut tray 23b; th e ref ri gerant f ro m th erm al engi ne 5 th ro ugh
p i p e 30 th us cro sses bo th p o rti o ns 20a and 20b o f radi ato r 20
and i s ? nally co nv eyed i nto th e o utp ut tray 23a to p ro ceed
th ro ugh p i p e 31 . In th i s ci rcum stance, th e ref ri gerant ci rcu
lati ng th ro ugh th e m ai n branch 1 8 do es no t cro ss, unless o nly
m argi nally and greatly negli gi bly, th e seco ndary branch 1 9,
because Wh en th e ci rculati o n p um p 36 i s o f f , th e ci rculati o n
p um p 36 i tself o f f ers a co nsi derable resi stance to th e ref ri g
erant p assi ng; th eref o re, unti l th e ci rculati o n p um p 36 i s o f f ,
th e ref ri gerant i n th e seco ndary branch 1 9 rem ai ns stati o nary
and i s no t subj ect, unless m argi nally, to m i x i ng Wi th th e
ref ri gerant p resent i n th e m ai n branch 1 8. In o th er Wo rds,
Wh en th e ci rculati o n p um p 36 i s o f f , th e ci rculati o n o f th e
ref ri gerant th ro ugh th e seco ndary branch 1 9 i s v ery li m i ted,
because th e ref ri gerant p ush ed by th e ci rculati o n p um p 29
enco unters a m uch lo Wer h ydrauli c resi stance Wh en ? o Wi ng
th ro ugh th e p o rti o n 20b o f radi ato r 20 ( Wh i ch i s arranged i n
p arallel to th e seco ndary branch 1 9) rath er th an th ro ugh th e
seco ndary branch 1 9.
Wi th ref erence to FIG. 4, Wh en th erm al engi ne 5 i s o n and
th e ci rculati o n p um p 36 i s o n, i . e. Wh en th e electri c co m p o
nents use o r req ui re co o li ng ( typ i cally Wh en th e electri c
m ach i ne 8 i s runni ng) , p arti ti o ns 25 and 27 sh o uld be no r
m ally clo sed ( i . e. sh o uld arranged i n th e clo sed p o si ti o n) to
sep arate th e tWo branch es 1 8 and 1 9 o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t
1 7 ( i . e. so th at th e ref ri gerant o f th e p ri m ary branch 1 8 uses
o nly th e p o rti o n 20a o f radi ato r 20 and th e ref ri gerant o f th e
seco ndary branch 1 9 uses o nly th e p o rti o n 20b o f radi ato r 20) .
In th i s ci rcum stance, th e tWo branch es 1 8 and 1 9 o f th e
h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 are co m p letely sep arate, and th eref o re th e
tem p eratures o f th e co o li ng li q ui ds o f th e tWo branch es 1 8 and
1 9 o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 m ay be di f f erent to adap t to th e
di f f erent th erm al needs o f th erm al engi ne 5 and electri c co m
p o nents. It i s Wo rth no ti ng th at Wh en th erm al engi ne 5 i s o n
and co ld and th e ci rculati o n p um p 36 i s o n, p arti ti o ns 25
and 27 co uld be tem p o rari ly k ep t o p en so as to p ro m o te a
m i x i ng o f th e co o li ng li q ui ds o f th e tWo branch es 1 8 and 1 9 o f
th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 i n o rder to use a p art o f th e h eat
p ro duced by th e electri c co m p o nents to h eat th erm al engi ne 5 .
Wi th ref erence to FIG. 5 , Wh en th erm al engi ne 5 i s o f f ( th us
stati o nary) and th e ci rculati o n p um p 36 i s o n, i . e. Wh en th e
electri c co m p o nents use o r req ui re co o li ng ( typ i cally Wh en
th e electri c m ach i ne 8 i s runni ng) , p arti ti o ns 25 and 27 m ay be
o p ened ( i . e. m ay be arranged i n th e o p en p o si ti o n) to allo W th e
seco ndary branch 1 9 o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 to use, i n
addi ti o n to p o rti o n 20b, also a p art o f th e p o rti o n 20a o f
radi ato r 20. Wh en p arti ti o ns 25 and 27 are o p en, th e i np ut tray
22a co m m uni cates Wi th th e i np ut tray 22b and th e i nterm e
di ate tray 24 co m m uni cates Wi th th e o utp ut tray 23b; th e
ref ri gerant f ro m th e electri c co m p o nents th ro ugh p i p e 44 th us
cro sses bo th p o rti o ns 20a and 20b o f radi ato r 20 and i s ? nally
co nv eyed i nto th e o utp ut tray 23b to p ro ceed th ro ugh p i p e 38.
In th i s ci rcum stance, th e ref ri gerant ci rculati ng th ro ugh th e
seco ndary branch 1 9 do es no t cro ss, unless o nly m argi nally
and greatly negli gi bly, th e m ai n branch 1 8, because Wh en th e
ci rculati o n p um p 29 i s o f f , th e ci rculati o n p um p 29 i tself
o f f ers a co nsi derable resi stance to th e ref ri gerant p assi ng;
th eref o re, unti l th e ci rculati o n p um p 29 i s o f f , th e ref ri gerant
i n th e m ai n branch 1 8 rem ai ns stati o nary and i s no t subj ect,
unless m argi nally, to m i x i ng Wi th th e ref ri gerant p resent i n
th e seco ndary branch 1 9. In o th er Wo rds, Wh en th e ci rculati o n
p um p 36 i s o f f , th e ci rculati o n o f th e ref ri gerant th ro ugh th e
m ai n branch 1 8 i s v ery li m i ted, because th e ref ri gerant
p ush ed by th e ci rculati o n p um p 36 enco unters a m uch lo Wer
h ydrauli c resi stance Wh en ? o Wi ng th ro ugh th e p o rti o n 20a o f
20
25
30
35
40
45
5 0
5 5
60
65
6
radi ato r 20 ( Wh i ch i s arranged i n p arallel to th e m ai n branch
1 8) rath er th an th ro ugh th e m ai n branch 1 8.
Acco rdi ng to a di f f erent em bo di m ent ( no t sh o Wn) , an o n
o f f v alv e m ay be arranged alo ng th e seco ndary branch 1 9,
Wh i ch i s electro ni cally dri v en to cut o f f th e seco ndary branch
1 9 Wh en i t i s i ntended to ci rculate th e ref ri gerant th ro ugh th e
seco ndary branch 1 9 i tself .
In bri ef , Wh en bo th branch es 1 8 and 1 9 o f th e h ydrauli c
ci rcui t 1 7 are used ( i . e. Wh en bo th th e th erm al engi ne 5 and
th e electri c co m p o nents use o r req ui re co o li ng) , p arti ti o ns 25
and 27 are clo sed so th at th e tWo branch es 1 8 and 1 9 o f th e
h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 are reci p ro cally i so lated and ex clusi v ely
use th e resp ecti v e p o rti o ns 20a and 20b o f radi ato r 20.
Th ereby, th e tem p eratures o f th e co o li ng li q ui ds i n th e tWo
branch es 1 8 and 1 9 o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 m ay be di f f er
ent to adap t to th e di f f erent th erm al needs o f th erm al engi ne 5
and electri c co m p o nents. Wh en, i nstead, o ne branch 1 8 o r 1 9
o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 i s no t used, th e o th er branch 1 9 o r
1 8 o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7 m ay ex clusi v ely use all th e
radi ato r 20 ( i . e. bo th p o rti o ns 20a and 20b) by si m p ly o p eni ng
th e p arti ti o ns 25 and 27; p arti ti o ns 25 and 27 are o bv i o usly
o p ened o nly i f th e branch 1 8 o r 1 9 o f th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7
currently i n use uses o r req ui res a h i gh co o li ng p o Wer.
Wh en th erm al engi ne 5 i s at f ull p o Wer ( th us uses o r
req ui res a h i gh co o li ng cap aci ty) , th e electri c m ach i ne 8 i s
generally o f f and v i ce v ersa; i . e. i t nev er o ccurs th at bo th th e
th erm al engi ne 5 and th e electri c m ach i ne 8 Wo rk to geth er at
f ull p o Wer ( also because i n a si m i lar o p erati ng m o de th e
gearbo x 1 0 Wo uld be o v erstressed, i . e. Wo uld be used o r
req ui red to transm i t a to rq ue h i gh er th an i ts f ai lure li m i ts) .
Th eref o re, Wh en th erm al engi ne 5 i s at f ull p o Wer ( th us uses
o r req ui res a h i gh co o li ng cap aci ty) , th e m ai n branch 1 8 m ay
use bo th p o rti o ns 20a and 20b o f radi ato r 20 and Wh en th e
electri c m ach i ne 8 i s at f ull p o Wer, th e seco ndary branch 1 9
m ay use bo th p o rti o ns 20a and 20b o f radi ato r 20. Fro m th i s,
th e p o rti o n 20a o f radi ato r 20 results to be under-di m ensi o ned
as co m p ared to th e m ax i m um co o li ng p o Wer used o r req ui red
by th e th erm al engi ne 5 , because Wh en th erm al engi ne 5 i s at
f ull p o Wer ( th us uses o r req ui res a h i gh co o li ng cap aci ty) , th e
m ai n branch 1 8 m ay use bo th p o rti o ns 20a and 20b o f radi ato r
20. Si m i larly, p o rti o n 20b o f radi ato r 20 m ay also be under
di m ensi o ned as co m p ared to th e m ax i m um co o li ng p o Wer
used o r req ui red by th e electri c co m p o nents, because Wh en
th e electri c m ach i ne 8 i s at f ull p o Wer ( th us uses o r req ui res a
h i gh co o li ng cap aci ty) , th e seco ndary branch 1 9 m ay use bo th
p o rti o ns 20a and 20b o f radi ato r 20.
Th e abo v e-descri bed co o li ng system 1 6 h as m any adv an
tages.
Fi rstly, th e co o li ng system 1 6 h as a si ngle radi ato r 20,
Wh i ch i s i ntelli gently sh ared by bo th branch es 1 8 and 1 9 o f
th e h ydrauli c ci rcui t 1 7; th ereby, th e o v erall si Z e o f radi ato r 20
i s m i ni m i Z ed and th e arrangem ent o f radi ato r 20 i n v eh i cle 1
i s si m p li ? ed.
Furth erm o re, th e tWo branch es 1 8 and 1 9 o f th e h ydrauli c
ci rcui t 1 7 m ay be sep arated, so th at th e tem p eratures o f th e
co o li ng li q ui ds o f th e tWo branch es 1 8 and 1 9 o f th e h ydrauli c
ci rcui t 1 7 m ay be di f f erent to adap t to th e di f f erent th erm al
needs o f th erm al engi ne 5 and electri c co m p o nents.
Wh at i s clai m ed i s:
1 . A co o li ng system f o r a v eh i cle Wi th h ybri d p ro p ulsi o n,
th e co o li ng system co m p ri si ng:
a h ydrauli c ci rcui t co n? gured to Ho w a ref ri gerants, and
co m p ri si ng a m ai n branch co n? gured to co o l a th erm al
engi ne, and a seco ndary branch co n? gured to co o l elec
tri cal co m p o nents; and
at least o ne co m m o n radi ato r co m p ri si ng a ? rst p o rti o n i n
co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e m ai n branch o f th e h ydrauli c
US 8, 499, 869 B2
7
ci rcui t, th e ? rst p o rti o n co m p ri si ng at least tWo ? rst
p o rti o n trays arranged at ? rst p o rti o n ends, th e at least
o ne co m m o n radi ato r co m p ri si ng a seco nd p o rti o n i n
co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e seco ndary branch o f th e
h ydrauli c ci rcui t, th e seco nd p o rti o n co m p ri si ng at least
tWo trays arranged at seco nd p o rti o n ends;
a ? rst ci rculati o n p um p i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e m ai n
branch and co n? gured to be m ech ani cally dri v en to Ho w
th e ref ri gerant th ro ugh th e m ai n branch and to be o p er
ated di rectly by a m o to r sh af t o f th e th erm al engi ne;
a seco nd ci rculati o n p um p i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e sec
o ndary branch and co n? gured to be electri cally dri v en to
Ho w th e ref ri gerant th ro ugh th e seco ndary branch ;
a ? rst m o v able p arti ti o n co n? gured to alternati v ely p lace a
? rst tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th a
seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n and to i so late th e ? rst
tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n f ro m co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e
seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n;
a seco nd m o v able p arti ti o n co n? gured to alternati v ely
p lace a th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i n co m m uni cati o n
Wi th a f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n and to i so late th e
th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n f ro m co m m uni cati o n Wi th
th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n; and
a co ntro l uni t co n? gured to dri v e o ne o r bo th o f th e ? rst
m o v able p arti ti o n and th e seco nd m o v able p arti ti o n to
m ai ntai n th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i so lated f ro m
co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o r
ti o n and to m ai ntai n th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n
i so lated f ro m co m m uni cati o n f ro m th e f o urth tray o f th e
seco nd p o rti o n Wh en th e th erm al engi ne i s acti v e and th e
seco nd ci rculati o n p um p i s runni ng.
2. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 , Wh erei n th e
co ntro l uni t i s co n? gured to m ai ntai n th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst
p o rti o n i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd
p o rti o n and to m ai ntai n th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i n
co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n
Wh en th e th erm al engi ne i s o n and th e seco nd ci rculati o n
p um p i s o f f .
3. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 , Wh erei n th e
co ntro l uni t i s co n? gured to m ai ntai n th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst
p o rti o n i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd
p o rti o n and to m ai ntai n th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i n
co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n
Wh en th e th erm al engi ne i s o f f and th e seco nd ci rculati o n
p um p i s runni ng.
4. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 , Wh erei n th e ? rst
p o rti o n and th e seco nd p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r are arranged
alo ngsi de o ne ano th er so th at th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n
i s adj acent to th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n and th e
th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s adj acent to th e f o urth tray o f th e
seco nd p o rti o n.
5 . A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 4, co m p ri si ng:
a ? rst actuati ng dev i ce co n? gured to m o v e th e ? rst m o v
able p arti ti o n betWeen an o p en p o si ti o n, i n Wh i ch th e
? rst tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e
seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n, and a clo sed p o si ti o n,
i n Wh i ch th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s i so lated f ro m
th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n; and
a seco nd actuati ng dev i ce co n? gured to m o v e th e seco nd
m o v able p arti ti o n betWeen an o p en p o si ti o n, i n Wh i ch
th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s i n co m m uni cati o n
Wi th th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n, and a clo sed
p o si ti o n, i n Wh i ch th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s
i so lated f ro m th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n.
6. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 , Wh erei n:
th e ? rst p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r h as a recti li near sh ap e;
20
25
30
35
40
45
5 0
5 5
60
65
8
th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s an i np ut tray co n? gured
to recei v e th e ref ri gerant di rected to Ward th e ? rst p o rti o n
o f th e radi ato r; and
th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s an o utp ut tray co n? gured
to recei v e th e ref ri gerant leav i ng th e ? rst p o rti o n o f th e
radi ato r.
7. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 , Wh erei n:
th e ? rst p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r h as at least a U sh ap e;
th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s an i np ut tray co n? gured
to recei v e th e ref ri gerant di rected to Ward th e ? rst p o rti o n
o f th e radi ato r; and
th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s an i nterm edi ate tray.
8. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 , Wh erei n:
th e seco nd p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r h as a recti li near sh ap e;
th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n i s an i np ut tray co n
? gured to recei v e th e ref ri gerant di rected to Ward th e
seco nd p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r; and
th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n i s an o utp ut tray
co n? gured to recei v e th e ref ri gerant leav i ng th e seco nd
p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r.
9. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 , Wh erei n th e
electri cal co m p o nents co m p ri se an electri c m ach i ne, a p o Wer
electro ni c co nv erter co n? gured to dri v e th e electri c m ach i ne,
and a system co n? gured to sto re electri cal energy, th e system
co nnected to th e p o Wer electro ni c co nv erter.
1 0. A co o li ng system f o r a v eh i cle Wi th h ybri d p ro p ulsi o n,
th e co o li ng system co m p ri si ng:
a h ydrauli c ci rcui t co n? gured to Ho w a ref ri gerants, and
co m p ri si ng a m ai n branch co n? gured to co o l a th erm al
engi ne, and a seco ndary branch co n? gured to co o l elec
tri cal co m p o nents; and
at least o ne co m m o n radi ato r co m p ri si ng a ? rst p o rti o n i n
co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e m ai n branch o f th e h ydrauli c
ci rcui t, th e ? rst p o rti o n co m p ri si ng at least tWo ? rst
p o rti o n trays arranged at ? rst p o rti o n ends, th e at least
o ne co m m o n radi ato r co m p ri si ng a seco nd p o rti o n i n
co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e seco ndary branch o f th e
h ydrauli c ci rcui t, th e seco nd p o rti o n co m p ri si ng at least
tWo trays arranged at seco nd p o rti o n ends;
a ? rst ci rculati o n p um p i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e m ai n
branch and co n? gured to be m ech ani cally dri v en to Ho w
th e ref ri gerant th ro ugh th e m ai n branch and to be o p er
ated di rectly by a m o to r sh af t o f th e th erm al engi ne;
a seco nd ci rculati o n p um p i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e sec
o ndary branch and co n? gured to be electri cally dri v en to
Ho w th e ref ri gerant th ro ugh th e seco ndary branch ;
a ? rst m eans o f co nnecti o n f o r alternati v ely p laci ng a ? rst
tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th a seco nd
tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n and f o r i so lati ng th e ? rst tray
o f th e ? rst p o rti o n f ro m co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e seco nd
tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n;
a seco nd m eans o f co nnecti o n f o r alternati v ely p laci ng a
th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th a
f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n and f o r i so lati ng th e
th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n f ro m co m m uni cati o n Wi th
th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n; and
a co ntro l uni t co n? gured to dri v e o ne o r bo th o f th e ? rst
m eans and th e seco nd m eans to m ai ntai n th e ? rst tray o f
th e ? rst p o rti o n i so lated f ro m co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e
seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n and to m ai ntai n th e
th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i so lated f ro m co m m uni ca
ti o n f ro m th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n Wh en th e
th erm al engi ne i s acti v e and th e seco nd ci rculati o n p um p
i s runni ng.
1 1 . A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 0 Wh erei n th e
co ntro l uni t i s co n? gured to m ai ntai n th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst
p o rti o n i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd
US 8, 499, 869 B2
p o rti o n and to m ai ntai n th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i n
co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n
Wh en th e th erm al engi ne i s o n and th e seco nd ci rculati o n
p um p i s o f f .
1 2. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 0 Wh erei n th e
co ntro l uni t i s co n? gured to m ai ntai n th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst
p o rti o n i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd
p o rti o n and to m ai ntai n th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i n
co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n
Wh en th e th erm al engi ne i s o f f and th e seco nd ci rculati o n
p um p i s runni ng.
1 3. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 0 Wh erei n th e
? rst p o rti o n and th e seco nd p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r are
arranged alo ngsi de o ne ano th er so th at th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst
p o rti o n i s adj acent to th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n
and th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s adj acent to th e f o urth
tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n.
1 4. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 3 Wh erei n:
th e ? rst m eans o f co nnecti o n co m p ri ses a ? rst m o v able
p arti ti o n co n? gured to sep arate th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst
p o rti o n f ro m th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n; and
a ? rst actuati ng dev i ce co n? gured to m o v e th e ? rst m o v
able p arti ti o n betWeen an o p en p o si ti o n, i n Wh i ch th e
? rst tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s i n co m m uni cati o n Wi th th e
seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n, and a clo sed p o si ti o n,
i n Wh i ch th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s i so lated f ro m
th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n; and
th e seco nd m eans o f co nnecti o n co m p ri ses a seco nd m o v
able p arti ti o n co n? gured to sep arate th e th i rd tray o f th e
? rst p o rti o n f ro m th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n;
and a seco nd actuati ng dev i ce co n? gured to m o v e sec
o nd m o v able p arti ti o n betWeen an o p en p o si ti o n, i n
20
30
1 0
Wh i ch th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s i n co m m uni
cati o n Wi th th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n, and a
clo sed p o si ti o n, i n Wh i ch th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n
i s i so lated f ro m th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n.
1 5 . A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 0 Wh erei n:
th e ? rst p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r h as a recti li near sh ap e;
th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s an i np ut tray co n? gured
to recei v e th e ref ri gerant di rected to Ward th e ? rst p o rti o n
o f th e radi ato r; and
th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s an o utp ut tray co n? gured
to recei v e th e ref ri gerant leav i ng th e ? rst p o rti o n o f th e
radi ato r.
1 6. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 0 Wh erei n:
th e ? rst p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r h as at least a U sh ap e;
th e ? rst tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s an i np ut tray co n? gured
to recei v e th e ref ri gerant di rected to Ward th e ? rst p o rti o n
o f th e radi ato r; and
th e th i rd tray o f th e ? rst p o rti o n i s an i nterm edi ate tray.
1 7. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 0 Wh erei n:
th e seco nd p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r h as a recti li near sh ap e;
th e seco nd tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n i s an i np ut tray co n
? gured to recei v e th e ref ri gerant di rected to Ward th e
seco nd p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r; and
th e f o urth tray o f th e seco nd p o rti o n i s an o utp ut tray
co n? gured to recei v e th e ref ri gerant leav i ng th e seco nd
p o rti o n o f th e radi ato r.
1 8. A co o li ng system acco rdi ng to clai m 1 0 Wh erei n th e
electri cal co m p o nents co m p ri se an electri c m ach i ne, a p o Wer
electro ni c co nv erter co n? gured to dri v e th e electri c m ach i ne,
and a system co n? gured to sto re electri cal energy, th e system
co nnected to th e p o Wer electro ni c co nv erter.
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