Mathematics 116 Supplementary Materials Geometry Student Worksheets

Mathematics 116
Supplementary
Materials
Geometry
Student Worksheets
Prepared by:
Olga Courtois............................ Massey Vanier High School, 1998
Peter Balyta............................... Massey Vanier High School, 1997
John Lou...................................Chateauguay Valley Regional High
School, 1998
George Calder............................ Howard S. Billings High School, 1997
Andre Del Castilho.....................Centennial Regional High School,
1997 - 1998
Tony Rosciano........................... Penfield Academy, 1997 - 1998
Kevin Harvey..............................Macdonald Cartier High School, 1998
Wendy Bain............................... Macdonald Cartier High School, 1997
Resource Personnel:
Carolyn Gould.................. MEQ, 1998
South Shore School Board, 1997
Françoise Boulanger..........MEQ, 1997
Louise Gauthier
Peter Balyta...................... South Shore School Board, 1998
Classification of Triangles
1. For homework prior to the classroom activity (individual activity):
Using only one 8 1/2” × 11” piece of paper, cut out 4 different triangles,
using as much of the sheet of paper as you can. State any
characteristics that came to mind when you were attempting to make
your triangles different.
eg.
This ∆
This ∆ has 2
has 1 right angle. equal sides.
Bring your triangles to class tomorrow.
2. Class Activity
Part 1 (Group Activity)
In groups of 4, sort your 16 triangles and state the characteristics that

you used to form each group.
eg. 1) 1 right angle

2) no right angles (oblique)
3) 3 congruent sides
4) 2 congruent sides
5) no congruent sides
–1–
Math 116 materials prepared by teachers of the South Shore, Chateauguay Valley (Protestant), District of Bedford,
L’Eau-Vive and Brossard School Boards with funding provided by a PEOPT grant.
Part 2 (Whole Class Activity)
Compare the categories which you have established with those

determined by other groups.
Part 3 (Small Group Activity)
Number each of your triangles from 1 through 16. Place each of your
group’s 16 triangles in the appropriate cell on the classification grid.
Label each triangle with the correct terms (eg. right scalene).
Two cells are impossible to fill. Can you tell why? Write the word
“impossible” in these cells.
If any other one of your cells does not contain a triangle, produce one or
more new triangles that would fit in that cell.
Classification of Triangles
By Sides
Scalene Isosceles Equilateral
By Angles
Acute
Right
Obtuse
–2–
Label each of your triangles ABC. Measure each angle and side and
record your data on the table below.
Measure of –
AB BC AC ∠BAC ∠ABC ∠BCA
Equilateral 1
2
3
Isosceles 1
2
3
Scalene 1
2
3
Right 1
2
3
On the basis of the data from the table, what conjectures would you
make:
• about equilateral triangles?
• about isosceles triangles?
• about scalene triangles?
–3–
• about right triangles?
• about the sum of the interior angles of any triangle?
Make sure you have 4 acute scalene triangles each labelled ABC.
Fold the triangles to produce the following special segments.
(A) The perpendicular bisector of side AC.
(B) The angle bisector of ∠B.
(C) The median from B to AC.
(D) The altitude from B to AC.
Part 6 (Individual Practice Activity)
1. Construct a scalene triangle having a perimeter of 17 cm.
2. Construct an equilateral triangle ABC with a perimeter of 18 cm.

What is the length of altitude AD?
3. How does the length of BD compare with that of DC?
–4–
Constructing Altitudes of Triangles
1. An altitude is __________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ .
Draw the three altitudes for each of the following triangles. Name the
vertex and its corresponding base.
(a) A Vertex Base
A BC
C
B C
(b) D F Vertex Base
(c) M Vertex Base
–5–
(d) A Vertex Base
(e) E Vertex Base

G
What do you notice in each triangle about the three altitudes?
________________________________________________________________________
What conjecture can you make?
________________________________________________________________________
–6–
2. Draw the following triangles, each having one altitude of 5 cm.
(a) an acute triangle
(b) an obtuse triangle
(c) a right triangle
–7–
3. Given the following triangle:
A
in cm in mm
m AB
m AC
m BC
C B
(a) Find the perimeter of this triangle, in both centimetres and

millimetres.
(b) Calculate the area of this triangle, in both centimetres and

millimetres.
(c) Without using your protractor, find the measures of angles B and
C and justify your work.
Statement Justification
m ∠A = ________ given
m AB ? m AC given
m ∠C = m ∠B The measures of the angles

opposite the equal sides of an
isosceles triangle ___________
m ∠A + m ∠B + m ∠C = 180° _____________________________
_____________________________
m ∠B + m ∠C = ________ The acute angles in a right

triangle are _________________
m ∠B = ________
m ∠C = ________
–8–
4. An axis of symmetry is _________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Draw all the axes of symmetry for the following triangles.
(a)
equilateral
(b)
isosceles
(c)
scalene
–9–
Axes of Symmetry of Triangles
5. On the dot paper provided below, draw a picture, if possible, of a large

triangle that has exactly one axis of symmetry.
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • •
If you were able to draw such a triangle, what kind of triangle have you
drawn?
– 10 –
Axes of Symmetry of Triangles (continued)

triangle that has exactly three axes of symmetry.
drawn?
– 11 –

triangle that has exactly two axes of symmetry.
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
drawn?
– 12 –

triangle that has no axes of symmetry.
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •
drawn?
– 13 –
Constructing a Perpendicular Bisector of a Segment
9. A perpendicular (right) bisector is ______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Construct the perpendicular bisector (right bisector) of each given

segment.
B
(use compass
and ruler)
D
(use protractor
F and ruler)
E
(use another
method of your
choice)
– 14 –
Constructing a Perpendicular Bisector of a Segment (continued)
10. Construct the perpendicular bisectors of all the sides of the given
triangles.
(use compass
and ruler)
(use protractor
and ruler)
(use another
method of
your choice)
What do you notice, in each triangle, about the three perpendicular

bisectors?
________________________________________________________________________
What conjecture would you make?

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
– 15 –
Constructing a Line Perpendicular to a Given Line
Through a Given Point
11. (a) Construct a line through point A perpendicular to line l .
(b) Construct a line through point B perpendicular to line m.
– 16 –
Constructing a Perpendicular Bisector of a Segment
12. Construct the perpendicular bisectors of all the sides of the given right
isosceles triangle.
Where is the point of intersection of the three perpendicular bisectors of

a right isosceles triangle located?
________________________________________________________________________
How many right isosceles triangles are now found in the diagram?
________________________________________________________________________
– 17 –
Bisecting Angles
13. Bisect the given angles.
C
(use compass
and ruler only)
D E
(use a method
of your choice)
– 18 –
Bisecting Angles (continued)
14. Use a method of your choice to bisect all the angles of the given
triangles.
– 19 –
Bisecting Angles (continued)
14. (continued)
What do you notice in each triangle about the three angle bisectors?
________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
– 20 –
Constructing Medians of a Triangle
15. A median is ___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Draw the three medians for each of the following triangles.

A
B C
M
R
What do you notice in each triangle about the three medians?
________________________________________________________________________
What conjectures can you make?
________________________________________________________________________
– 21 –
Constructing Medians of a Triangle (continued)
17. Draw a triangle such that:
(a) only one median is also an axis of symmetry;
(b) all the medians act as axes of symmetry.
– 22 –
Investigating Special Relationships in Triangles
Possible Materials: Linguini

Spaghetti
Straws
Coffee Straws
String
You will need three of each of the following lengths:
1 unit, 2 units, 3 units and 4 units.
You will manipulate the selected lengths to attempt to create triangles. Each
row of the chart must be completed before proceeding to the next one. You
should draw your own hypotheses using each of the ten cases.
Then record your conclusions.
Part A
1. Use the materials provided and try to construct triangles using the sides
given in the chart (see page 26).
2. In the fourth column of the chart, answer the questions “Is it a

triangle?”
3. Sketch as accurately as possible the figure formed by the three sides.
4. On the sketch, circle the vertex of the largest angle.
– 23 –
Investigating Triangles (continued)
Part B
Answer these questions only after you have completed the chart.
1. Consider the first triangle:
(a) What is the sum of the lengths of sides #1 and #2?
__________________________________________________________________
What is the length of side #3?
__________________________________________________________________
(b) What is the sum of the lengths of sides #1 and #3?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
(c) What is the sum of the lengths of sides #2 and #3?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
What conjecture might you make?
__________________________________________________________________
Verify this conjecture for the other nine cases. Do your

calculations mentally.
Conclusion:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
– 24 –
2. Consider the first triangle:
(a) Find the difference between sides #1 and #2 ______________________
What is the length of side #3? __________________________________
(b) Find the difference between sides #1 and #3_______________________
What is the length of side #2? ___________________________________
(c) Find the difference between sides #2 and #3. _____________________
What is the length of side #1? __________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Verify this conjecture for the other nine cases. Do your

calculations mentally.
Conclusion:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. (a) In cases where triangles exist, check the position of the longest
side in relation to the largest angle. Describe in words what this
relation is.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
(b) In cases where triangles exist, check the position of the shortest
side in relation to the smallest angle. Describe in words what this
relation is.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Conclusion:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
– 25 –
Investigating Triangles
Sketch your construction.

Length of Length of Length of Is it a Indicate the side lengths.
Side # 1 Side # 2 Side # 3 Triangle? Circle the largest angle.
1 1 1 1
2 1 1 2
3 2 2 2
4 1 2 3
5 2 2 3
6 1 3 4
7 2 3 4
8 3 3 4
9 1 2 4
10 4 1 4
– 26 –
Interior Angles of Triangles
1. Find the missing angles:
∆ABC is equilateral. BE, AD and CF are medians.
a) m ∠1 = ________
A m ∠2 = ________
m ∠3 = ________
m ∠4 = ________
F E
1 m ∠5 = ________
2
5 m ∠6 = ________
3
6 4
B C Justify your answers.
D
b) Which triangles are congruent? __________________________________
2. Find the missing angles.
∆ABC is a right isosceles EF, DF and BF are the perpendicular

triangle. bisectors of the sides.
A a) m ∠1 = ________
m ∠2 = ________
m ∠3 = ________
E F m ∠4 = ________
14
m ∠5 = ________
m ∠6 = ________
2 3 5 6
B D C Justify your answers.
b) Which triangles are right isosceles? ______________________________
– 27 –
Interior Angles of Triangles (continued)
3. Find the missing angles:
DF // AC ∆ADE, ∆DEF, ∆BDF and ∆CEF are congruent.
DE // BC
B
100°
D 3 4
5
F
1 2 6
8
30° 9 7 50°
A C
E
a) m ∠1 = ________ m ∠4 = ________ m ∠7 = ________
m ∠2 = ________ m ∠5 = ________ m ∠8 = ________
m ∠3 = ________ m ∠6 = ________ m ∠9 = ________
Justify your answers.
– 28 –
Who Am I?
1. Who am I?
(a) I am the only triangle with no axis of symmetry.

__________________________________________________________________
(b) I am the only triangle with exactly 1 axis of symmetry.

__________________________________________________________________
(c) I am the only triangle with 3 axes of symmetry.

__________________________________________________________________
(d) I am the only triangle with no perpendicular medians.

__________________________________________________________________
(e) I am the only triangle with exactly 1 perpendicular median.

__________________________________________________________________
(f) I am the only triangle with 3 perpendicular medians.

__________________________________________________________________
(g) I am the only triangle with an altitude which is one of my sides.

__________________________________________________________________
(h) I am the only triangle with exactly 1 axis of symmetry which is

also a median and a right bisector.
__________________________________________________________________
(i) I am the only triangle that has exactly 1 altitude which is also a
perpendicular bisector and a median.
__________________________________________________________________
(j) I am the only triangle whose medians, angle bisectors and

altitudes are one and the same.
__________________________________________________________________
– 29 –
Properties of the Diagonals of Quadrilaterals
A diagonal is a line segment joining two non-adjacent vertices.
The properties of the diagonals of the following quadrilaterals will be explored:

square, rhombus, rectangle, parallelogram, isosceles trapezoid.
Compile your results in the table at the end of this section (see page 38).
1. Square
E J
B D
(a) Do the diagonals of squares bisect each other?
__________________________________________________________________
(b) Are the diagonals of squares perpendicular?
__________________________________________________________________
(c) Are the diagonals of squares congruent?
__________________________________________________________________
(d) Draw two other squares and verify that your findings are still valid.
– 30 –
2. Rhombus
A D
E
B C F
(a) Do the diagonals of rhombuses bisect each other?
__________________________________________________________________
(b) Are the diagonals of rhombuses perpendicular?
__________________________________________________________________
(c) Are the diagonals of rhombuses congruent?
__________________________________________________________________
(d) Draw two other rhombuses and verify that your findings are still
valid.
– 31 –
3. Rectangles
E H
A D
B C F G
(a) Do the diagonals of rectangles bisect each other?
__________________________________________________________________
(b) Are the diagonals of rectangles perpendicular?
__________________________________________________________________
(c) Are the diagonals of rectangles congruent?
__________________________________________________________________
(d) Draw two other rectangles and verify that your findings are still
valid.
– 32 –
4. Parallelograms
B G
C J
E
I
A
F
D
(a) Do the diagonals of the parallelograms bisect each other?
__________________________________________________________________
(b) Are the diagonals of the parallelograms perpendicular?
__________________________________________________________________
(c) Are the diagonals of the parallelograms congruent?
__________________________________________________________________
(d) Draw two other parallelograms and verify that your findings are
still valid.
– 33 –
5. Isosceles Trapezoid
A D E H
F G
B C
(a) Do the diagonals of isosceles trapezoids bisect each other?
__________________________________________________________________
(b) Are the diagonals of isosceles trapezoids perpendicular?
__________________________________________________________________
(c) Are the diagonals of isosceles trapezoids congruent?
__________________________________________________________________
(d) Draw two other isosceles trapezoids and verify that your findings
are still valid.
– 34 –
6. Kite
B D
F H
G
C
(a) Do the diagonals of kites bisect each other?
__________________________________________________________________
(b) Are the diagonals of kites perpendicular?
__________________________________________________________________
(c) Are the diagonals of kites congruent?
__________________________________________________________________
(d) Draw two other kites and verify that your findings are still valid.
– 35 –
7. Trapezoid (with only one pair of parallel sides)
A D E H
F G
B C
(a) Do the diagonals of these trapezoids bisect each other?
__________________________________________________________________
(b) Are the diagonals of these trapezoids perpendicular?
__________________________________________________________________
(c) Are the diagonals of these trapezoids congruent?
__________________________________________________________________
(d) Draw two other similar trapezoids and verify that your findings are
still valid.
– 36 –
4. What figure is obtained when the diagonals:
• intersect at right angles?
• intersect at right angles and only one diagonal bisects the other?
• bisect each other?
• are congruent and bisect each other?
• are perpendicular and bisect each other?
• are congruent, perpendicular and bisect each other?
– 37 –
Properties of Diagonals of Quadrilaterals (continued)
5. Complete the table which summarizes the properties of the diagonals

within different quadrilaterals
Diagonals Diagonals Diagonals Diagonals are

Properties are Bisect are Perpendicular
Congruent Each Perpendicular Bisectors of
Other Each Other
Quadrilaterals
Trapezoid (with only

one pair of parallel sides)
Isosceles Trapezoid
Parallelogram
Rectangle
Rhombus
Square
6. Justify each of the following statements:
(a) A square is a rhombus.
__________________________________________________________________
(b) A rectangle is a trapezoid.
__________________________________________________________________
(c) A rhombus is a trapezoid.
__________________________________________________________________
(d) A square is a parallelogram.
__________________________________________________________________
– 38 –
Classifying Quadrilaterals
Shade the whole box if it has an incorrect figure. The shading will cause a
“desert” shape to occur.
– 39 –
Construction of Triangles
1. Construct a triangle that has:
(a) sides measuring 7 cm, 6 cm and 4 cm.
(b) an angle of 30° contained by sides measuring 20 mm and 40 mm.
(c) angles of 78° and 52° at the endpoints of a segment measuring

6 cm.
– 40 –
Construction of Triangles (continued)
2. How many isosceles triangles can be formed with a side of 4 cm and an

angle of 50°?
Construct your solutions.
3. Construct an isosceles triangle having:
• an angle of 50° contained by its two congruent sides.
• an altitude of 5 cm from the vertex of the 50° angle.
– 41 –
Construction of Quadrilaterals
1. Construct the following quadrilaterals with the given measurements:
(a) a square with side measuring 4.2 cm
(b) a rhombus with diagonals measuring 5 cm and 8 cm
(c) a rhombus with side measuring 3 cm and one angle of 40°
– 42 –
Construction of Quadrilaterals (continued)
2. Construct a parallelogram with sides measuring 5 cm and 7 cm and an

angle of 65°.
3. Construct a rectangle with diagonals measuring 6 cm, forming an angle

of 30°.
– 43 –

Mathematics 116 Supplementary Materials Geometry Student Worksheets

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Mathematics 116

1. For homework prior to the classroom activity (individual activity):

Bring your triangles to class tomorrow.

Part 1 (Group Activity)

In groups of 4, sort your 16 triangles and state the characteristics that

eg. 1) 1 right angle

Compare the categories which you have established with those

Part 3 (Small Group Activity)

AB BC AC ∠BAC ∠ABC ∠BCA

• about equilateral triangles?

• about isosceles triangles?

• about scalene triangles?

• about the sum of the interior angles of any triangle?

Part 5 (Group Activity)

Fold the triangles to produce the following special segments.

(A) The perpendicular bisector of side AC.

(B) The angle bisector of ∠B.

(C) The median from B to AC.

(D) The altitude from B to AC.

Part 6 (Individual Practice Activity)

1. Construct a scalene triangle having a perimeter of 17 cm.

2. Construct an equilateral triangle ABC with a perimeter of 18 cm.

3. How does the length of BD compare with that of DC?

(a) A Vertex Base

(b) D F Vertex Base

(c) M Vertex Base

(e) E Vertex Base

What do you notice in each triangle about the three altitudes?

What conjecture can you make?

(a) an acute triangle

(b) an obtuse triangle

(c) a right triangle

(a) Find the perimeter of this triangle, in both centimetres and

(b) Calculate the area of this triangle, in both centimetres and

m ∠C = m ∠B The measures of the angles

m ∠B + m ∠C = ________ The acute angles in a right

Draw all the axes of symmetry for the following triangles.

5. On the dot paper provided below, draw a picture, if possible, of a large

6. On the dot paper provided below, draw a picture, if possible, of a large

7. On the dot paper provided below, draw a picture, if possible, of a large

8. On the dot paper provided below, draw a picture, if possible, of a large

9. A perpendicular (right) bisector is ______________________________________

Construct the perpendicular bisector (right bisector) of each given

What do you notice, in each triangle, about the three perpendicular

What conjecture would you make?

11. (a) Construct a line through point A perpendicular to line l .

(b) Construct a line through point B perpendicular to line m.

Where is the point of intersection of the three perpendicular bisectors of

13. Bisect the given angles.

What conjecture can you make?

Draw the three medians for each of the following triangles.

What do you notice in each triangle about the three medians?

What conjectures can you make?

17. Draw a triangle such that:

(a) only one median is also an axis of symmetry;

(b) all the medians act as axes of symmetry.

Possible Materials: Linguini

You will need three of each of the following lengths:

1 unit, 2 units, 3 units and 4 units.

Then record your conclusions.

2. In the fourth column of the chart, answer the questions “Is it a

3. Sketch as accurately as possible the figure formed by the three sides.

a) m ∠1 = m ∠4 = m ∠7 =

m ∠2 = m ∠5 = m ∠8 =

m ∠3 = m ∠6 = m ∠9 =