CHAPTER 1

1.1
1.1.1
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1.1.2
GENERAL
The code serves to establish the minimum requirements for fire safety
provisions. It takes into account the function, design, management,
operation, and maintenance of buildings to secure the life safety of
occupants in the event of a fire.
This chapter lists the Appendixes for specific buildings or usage and the
definitions of the commonly used terms in the code.
Buildings Designated For Conservation
uildings including shophouses, !hich are designated for conservation
under the "rban #edevelopment Authority$s %"#A& conservation
programme shall comply !ith the set of documents on '(ire )afety
#equirements affecting shophouses under *onservation+ issued by "#A
on 2, -ul ./ under *ircular 0o "#A1 21./1234*"55. 2lease see Appendix
%1&.
The '(ire )afety #equirements affecting shophouses under
*onservation+shall also be applicable to old shophouses, including
residential buildings %except temporary d!elling houses&, having timber
floors or staircases, !hether designated or not for conservation by "#A,
sub6ect to the follo!ing conditions7
%a& The above relaxation shall be applicable to buildings that
!ere existing before 1.8.9
%b& There shall be no change of use to boarding houses, hotels, !orkers$
quarters and the like, irrespective !hether the building is under
conservation or not9 and
%c& The upgrading of fire safety !orks shall be applicable to the
!hole building9 partial upgrading of building is not acceptable.
Rapid Transit Syste
(ire safety requirements for underground, surface and elevated rapid
transit systems, including train!ays, transit stations, train maintenance
depots, on4line electric substations and rapid transit system facility
buildings, shall comply !ith ')tandard for (ire )afety in #apid transit
)ystems.+
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Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents in Teporary Buildings on
Constru#tion Sites
All temporary structures1buildings including site offices or housing quarters on
construction sites shall comply !ith )) ;:< *ode =f 2ractice (or Temporary >ousing
?uarters =n *onstruction )ites.
Although submission of plans to )*5( %())5& is not required, a set of plans of
the temporary buildings, duly endorsed by a ?ualified 2erson %?2&, shall be
available on site for inspection by the #elevant Authority at all times. 2lease note
that #egulation :2 of the (ire )afety %uilding (ire )afety& #egulations allo!s the
building industry to self4regulate the fire safety !orks in temporary buildings on
construction sites.
Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For C$ei#al%Ha&at
'are$ouses
*hemicals or ha@ardous materials %ha@mat& have a !ide range of properties and
ha@ards !hich must be identified and understood if the conditions of'safe
!arehousing+are to be achieved. A complete understanding of the ha@ards also
requires an assessment of the container and packaging systems and storage
arrangements. In addition, the provision of 'Auidelines on (ire )afety #equirements
for Aeneral Barehouses+ shall be complied !ith. )ee Appendix %2&.
Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For Buildings (nder
Constru#tion
*urrently, there are t!o types of rising mains required in our buildings ie. 5ry
riser for buildings bet!een 13m to 83m in habitable height and !et riser for buildings
above 83m in habitable height.Bhere a building is required to have the provision of
rising mains,all rising mains %either dry or !et riser& shall be designed and installed
!hile the building is under construction. The technical guidelines for buildings
under construction are given in Appendix %/&.
Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For General 'are$ouses
The scope of these guidelines covers the fire safety requirements for general
!arehouses !hich include single4storey single4user !arehouses, single4storey multi4
user !arehouses, underground !arehouses, multi4storey !arehouses !ith or !ithout
basements and !arehouse !ithin other non4industrial buildings. These Auidelines
shall supersede the 'Auidelines on (ire )afety #equirements for Cega Barehouse.
A ne! set of requirements is dra!n up at Appendix %:&.
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Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For Fully Autoated
)e#$anised Car Par* +FA)CP,
The fully automated mechanised car park buildings, !hich can
be above and1or belo! ground,incorporate the revolutionary
concept of parking and retrieving a vehicle by mechanical
means !ithout the driver entering the parking area. The
buildings are therefore unmanned and are totally different
from the conventional car parks, such as, car park in a multi4
storey building, multi4storey car parks, etc. In vie! of the
peculiar designs and operations of the fully automated
mechanised car parks, a ne! set of requirements is dra!n up
at Appendix %;& for ease of reference and compliance.
Notes -n T$e (se -! .ntues#ent Paints For Prote#tion
To Stru#tural Steel )e/ers -! Buildings0
A ne! set of requirements is dra!n up at Appendix %8& for ease
of reference and compliance.
Stru#tural Loading o! Fire Engine on
A##ess1ay
Technical data on fire appliance is dra!n up at Appendix %<&
for ease of reference and compliance.
Additional Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For Super Hig$2
rise Residential Building
Bith the continuous gro!th of )ingapore$s population, high
demand for residential properties,and the limited land space of
this island nation, urban planners and designers are pushing the
limits in building height up!ards. )uch a trend has begun to
emerge even in our public residential development
programme. #esidential buildings that go beyond :3 storeys
shall be labeled as )uper >igh4 rise uildings. In vie! of
greater fire safety concerns associated !ith taller residential
buildings such as higher complexities faced by emergency
responders in fire4fighting and rescue efforts as !ell as
evacuation of the occupants, a ne! set of requirement is dra!n
up in Appendix %,& for ease of compliance and reference.
'ater Supply Re"uireents For 'et Riser
Syste
*urrent pumping and storage capacities as stipulated in ))
;<; can be reduced, on account that buildings having !et
risers are likely to be sprinkler protected and the number of
fire hose 6ets likely to be deployed at the fire site.The
reduction in !ater supply requirements !ould result in less
space requirements and thus impose smaller loads on the
building structure. )ee Appendix %.& for ease of compliance
and reference.
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Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For Petroleu Servi#e
Station
The requirements for storing and dispensing of liquid
petroleum in 2etroleum )ervice )tation, as defined under
the 2etroleum #egulations %(ire )afety Act&, are dra!n up at
Appendix %13&. Its purpose is not intended to preclude the use
of alternative designs, materials and methods that provide
equivalent standards of safety. 2etroleum )ervice )tations are
installations !here petrol and diesel are kept and dispensed as
fuel for motor vehicles, on forecourt areas, !hich members of
the public have access to.
Ceasures and provisions must be made to prevent ignition
sources coming into contact !ith liquid petroleum or its
vapour.The control of ignition sources may become more
difficult on sites !here the public have access.This !ould
cause the risk to life and property to be potentially high,
especially !here there are activities apart from dispensing
petrol or !here supervision is not constant.
Redu#ed 'ater Storage Re"uireents For
Sprin*ler systes in Buildings +!or -rdinary
Ha&ard Groups,
The primary purpose of these guidelines is to facilitate the
installation of sprinkler systems in existing buildings that are
not already protected by sprinkler system and that are in the
=rdinary >a@ard I, II D III classification. They are also
applicable to ne! buildings having similar ha@ards. Bith the
timely response by the )*5(, the designated !ater storage
capacities in these guidelines should be adequate for the
sprinkler system to control the fire spread till the arrival
and the intervention by fire fighters. )ee Appendix %11&.
Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For Hig$ Containent
Fa#ility +B.-2 Sa!ety Level 3 % 4,
The purpose of these guidelines is to stipulate the fire
safety requirements for high containment facility or laboratory
that handles biological agents or toxins, designed to meet the
B>= and C=>$s requirements of io4)afety Eevel / F)E4/G
or higher level facility. These guidelines !ill assist the
?ualified 2ersons in the design of fire safety provisions for the
high containment facility. )ee Appendix %12&
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Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For Li"ue!ied Petroleu
Gas +LPG, Cylinder .nstallations
The scope of these guidelines covers both outdoor and indoor
E2A cylinder installations. It is intended for commercial,
industrial and residential premises !ith eating outlets, eating
places, canteens, restaurants and other eateries !hich use E2A
for cooking purposes. It is also intended for industrial
applications involving hot !orks. )ee Appendix %1/&
Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For La/oratories
Handling Ha&ardous C$ei#als
(or laboratory storing and using chemicals1ha@mat shall be
in compliance !ith 0(2A :; %!ith the Caximum Allo!able
?uantity, CA?, being modified9 you may refer to )*5($s
Beb4site for more comprehensive details&.
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'ater Supply Re"uireents For Sprin*ler and 'et
Riser Systes in Hig$2rise Buildings
These requirements serve to facilitate the installation of
combined storage and pumping facilities for fire4fighting
systems in high4rise buildings !hich !ould result in less
space requirements, smaller loads imposed on the building
structure and less cost in maintaining the system. The !et
riser storage tank is able to cater to the effective operation
of both sprinkler and !et riser systems, taking into
consideration the response time of )*5(Hs fire fighting cre! to
fire incidents and standard operations procedures at fire site.
)ee Appendix %1:&
Certi!i#ation o! Regulated Fire Sa!ety
Produ#ts%)aterials
)ince the privatisation of 2) in April 2338, )*5( has
been !orking !ith the )ingapore Accreditation *ouncil
%)A*&, the national agency for accreditation of conformity
assessment bodies !hich operates under the aegis of the
)2#I0A )ingapore, for the purpose of opening up the 2roduct
*ertification to other qualified certification bodies. )ee
Appendix %1;&.
*ircular dated
1;
th
0ov 233/
*ircular dated
1;
th
Apr 233,
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Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For Teporary
'or*ers5 6uarters in (n#opleted Peranent
Buildings on Constru#tion Sites
The scope of this (ire )afety #equirements %()#& comprises
the design, construction, installation and maintenance of
temporary !orkers$ quarters in uncompleted buildings on
construction sites. It includes fire safety plans submission for
such !orkers$ quarters. This ()# shall not be applicable if the
aggregate number of !orkers housed in the temporary
!orkers$ quarters in the uncompleted permanent building%s&
on the construction site is not more than
:3. )ee Appendix
%18&.
Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For Du#tless 7et Fans Syste
in Car Par*s
This set of requirements is only applicable to conventional
car parks !here passenger cars1light !eight vehicles are
parked alongside each other !ith common drive!ays and is
not intended for mechani@ed car park system or other forms
of car parking systems. )ee Appendix %1<&.
Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For Deterination o!
Design Fires For .ndustrial Preises
This set of requirements is only applicable to sprinklered
industrial premises %factory and !arehouse& !ithout in4rack
sprinklers and limited to the design of smoke control system
based on cl.<.8 of the (ire *ode %i.e. prescriptive4based
approach&. )ee Appendix %1,&.
Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For Li!t
Res#ue
This set of (ire )afety #equirements %()#& stipulates the fire
safety provisions for performing lift rescue operation in
buildings !ith blind lift hoist !ays exceeding 11m. The fire
safety requirements stipulated herein shall be applicable to
buildings of all purpose groups except purpose group I. )ee
Appendix %1.&
*ircular
dated 1:
th
5ec 233,
*ircular dated
28
th
0ov 233,
*ircular dated
2<
th
0ov 233,
*ircular dated
22
nd
(eb 2313
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Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For Persons 'it$
Disa/ilities
The scope of these requirements covers the provision of fire
safety features to assist persons !ith disabilities %2B5s& during
emergencies and the development of plans to manage the
evacuation of 2B5s. It shall be applicable to all buildings
except 2urpose Aroup I and II buildings %residential& and >ealth
*are =ccupancy %i.e. >ospital, 0ursing >ome, Ambulatory
>ealth *are *entre, *ustodian *are and )upervisory *are
facility& as defined in the (ire *ode. It shall be applicable to all
buildings except 2urpose Aroup I and II buildings %residential&
as defined in the (ire *ode. 0on4residential standalone buildings
such as carpark buildings and clubhouses that are located !ithin
the residential development and intended as ancillary use are not
required to comply !ith these requirements. )ee Appendix
%23&.
Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents on (sing Li!ts For Eva#uation
o! Building -##upants During Eergen#y
The scope of these requirements covers the provision of lift
design for evacuation of building occupants requiring
assistance during emergencies. It shall be applicable to all
buildings exceeding 2:m except 2urpose Aroup I and II
buildings %residential developments& as defined in the (ire
*ode. )ee Appendix %21&.
Revie1 on (se o! Hydro#ar/on Re!rigerant in
Singapore
Bith the rising a!areness of environmental concern,
>ydrocarbon %>*& refrigerant is seen by some as a suitable
replacement for the less environmentally friendly
refrigerants,!hich !ill be phased out under the Contreal
2rotocol. Although the use of >* refrigerant is deemed to be
environmentally friendly and results in possible cost savings
from better energy efficiency, it is extremely flammable and
has its inherent fire safety risks. )ee Appendix %22&.
Fire Sa!ety Re"uireents For )ega
(nderground Developents
This guideline provides the broad fire safety requirements for
mega underground developments. It is applicable to mega
underground developments regardless of si@e and no. of
occupants. (ire safety requirements not covered in this
guideline shall comply !ith the requirements stipulated in the
(ire *ode. )ee Appendix %2/&.
*ircular dated
21
st
-an 2311
*ircular dated
2;
th
Car 2311
*ircular dated
8
th
5ec 2311
*ircular dated
1<
th
Aug 2312
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Provision o! E8it and Dire#tional Signs in Buildings
Intrance to every exit on every floor shall be clearly indicated
by an exit sign placed over the exit doors. In long corridors,
open floor areas, and all situations !here the location of the
exits may not be readily visible, directional signs shall be
provided to serve as guides from all portions of the corridors or
floors. #oom shall also be provided !ith exit sign.Appendix
%2:& provides the guidelines for rooms that require the
provision of exit signs.
*ircular
dated 23
th
-an
2313
Cax. >abitable >eight
of uilding
Cin. *lear !idth of Air4!ell
1,m 13m
2:m 11m
/8m 12m
:,m 1/m
83m and above 1:m
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DEF.N.T.-NS
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The abbreviations listed in the follo!ing table are used in this
*ode7
Abbreviation
A//reviation De!inition
J ) ritish )tandard
J *2 *ode of 2ractice
*l. *lause
J 0(2A 0ational (ire 2rotection Association
J A) Australian )tandard
J I)= International =rganisation (or
)tandardisation
J )) )ingapore )tandard
J A)TC A)TC International
J I0 Iuropean 0orm
J latest version shall be used.
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An air4!ell is a space%s& enclosed substantially by building%s&
and directly open to the sky.
T a b le 1.2.1A
Cini m um Air4 ! ell
si@e
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1.2.2%A
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KApprovedK means approved by the #elevant
Authority
Any office !hich supports the activities of another 2urpose
Aroups III, L, LI, LII and LIII and is located !ithin the same
building or compartment as the purpose group it serves is
termed as ancillary office
%a& The ancillary office, sick room1first aid room,
reception lobby1area, !aiting area, staff lounge1staff
recreation room, staff rest room1pantry, staff
changing1locker room, meeting room, staff training room
etc are
considere
d as
ancillary
use and
part of the
same
purpose
group.
Appro
ved
Ancill
ary
office
Ancilla
ry
usage
%b& In addition, !orkshop, laboratories %no open flame&,
store room, material1product holding area and
packing1 distribution area housed !ithin factory or
!arehouse buildings are also considered as ancillary use
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Area of
uilding
%a& The area of any storey of a building or compartment
shall be taken to be the total area of that storey bounded
by the inner finished surfaces of the enclosing !alls or,
on any side !here there is no enclosing !alls, by the
outermost edge of the floor on that side.
%b& The area of any room or space shall be taken to be the
total area of its floor bounded by the inner finished
surfaces of the !alls forming the room or space.
%c& The area of any part of a roof shall be taken to be the
actual visible area of such part measured on a plane
parallel to the pitch of the roof.
%a& In the building under consideration, an area of refuge
is an area adequately separated from the rest of the
building by fire resisting construction %see *l././ for
details&, and evacuees from the rest of the building
enter the area of refuge using an external corridor that
links this area to the rest of the building. An area of
refuge may serve as required exit in lieu of the
provisions given under *l.1.2.2:.
%b& An area of refuge may also be an area in an ad6oining
building !hich is separated from the building under
consideration by fire resisting construction and
evacuees similarly enter this area of refuge using an
external corridor.
%c& An area of refuge shall al!ays be
accessible. Atrium
An atrium !ithin a building is a large open space created by
an opening,or a series of openings,in floor assemblies,thus
connecting t!o or more storeys. Atrium is covered at the top
and is used for purposes other than those associated !ith small
shafts, such as for stairs, elevators and various services. The
sides of the atrium may be open to all floors, to some of the
floors, or closed to all or some floors by unrated or rated fire4
resistance construction.
Area of building
Area of refuge
Atrium
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asement
)torey
%a& A storey of a building !hich is belo! the first storey and
the floor of !hich is situated at such a level that more
than half the height of such storey is belo! the level of
the ground ad6oining its perimeter !alls for more than
half the length of such perimeter !alls, and
%b& Bhere the building has no storey above ground, a
storey the floor of !hich is situated at such a level that
either the !hole storey is belo! ground or more than
half the height of such storey is belo! the level of the
ground ad6oining its perimeter !alls for more than half
the length of such perimeter !alls.
The boundary of the land belonging to the building under
consideration, and including the imaginary extension of the
boundary up to the centre of an abutting public street, canal
or river.
*onstruction provided
7
%a& To seal a cavity %concealed space& against the
penetration of smoke and flame, or
%b& Bithin a cavity %concealed space& to stop the movement
of smoke and flame !ithin the cavity.
A part of a building !hich encloses and is exposed overhead
in a room, circulation space or protected shaft. %A soffit or
rooflight is included as part of its surface, but not the frame of
a rooflight&.
A space mainly used as means of access bet!een a room
or protected shaft and an exit from the building or
compartment. It shall not contain any commercial activity such
as information and reception counter, exhibition and the like.
*ode of practice is the standard of practice acceptable to
the #elevant Authority.The #elevant Authority may adopt
requirements stipulated in the stated year of publication of any
referred *ode of 2ractice or at its discretion adopt those
specified in a later version.
A part of a building separated from all other parts of the
same building by compartment !alls and1or compartment
floors. A roof space above the top storey of a compartment is
included in
that
compartment.

a
s
e
m
e
n
t
s
t
o
r
e
y
oun
dary
*avit
y
barrie
r
*eili
ng
*irculation space
*ode of practice
*ompartment
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A !all or a floor !hich is provided for the purpose of
dividing a building into compartments for the purposes of
*l./.2 and complies !ith *l./.<.
A space enclosed by elements of a building %including a
suspended ceiling or raised floor or space bet!een curtain
!alling and the floor slab or spandrel !all& or contained
!ithin an element but not a room, cupboard, circulation
space, protected shaft or space !ithin a flue, chute, duct, pipe
or conduit.
A passage providing means of access from rooms or spaces to
an exit.
The cubical extent of a building or compartment shall be
ascertained by measuring the volume of space contained
!ithin the building or compartment 7
%a& The inner finished surfaces of the enclosing !alls or, on
any side !here there is no enclosing !all, a plane
extending vertically above the outermost edge of the
floor on that side,
%b& The upper surface of its lo!est floor,
and
%c& In the case of a building or compartment !hich extends
to a roof, the under surface of the roof or, in the case of
any other compartment, the under surface of the ceiling
of the highest storey !ithin the compartment, including
the space occupied by any other !all, or any
unprotected shafts, ducts or structure !ithin the space
to be so measured, but excluding protected lift !alls,
exit staircases and other accommodation %such as
lavatory and locker rooms& !hich are enclosed !ith
!alls having fire resistance of not less than one hour
and openings protected by doors of one half hour fire
resistance fitted !ith automatic self closing device.
A dead4end refers to a situation !ithin a common area,
normally a corridor or lift lobby spaces, !here exit is only
possible from one end, !ith no possible escape from the
other end. The maximum length of such dead4end spaces
shall not exceed 1;m or 23m %sprinklered& as stipulated in
Table 2.2A, column %vi& see diagram 1.2.1<.
The shortest distance from a point in a room or space,
measured !ithin the external enclosure !alls of the room or
space to the relevant exits, ignoring internal !alls, partitions
and fittings other
than the
enclosure !alls
of exit
passage!ays or
exit staircases.
*omp
artme
nt
!all
D
co
mp
art
me
nt
flo
or
*on
ceal
ed
spac
e
%cav
ity&
*orri
dor
*u
bic
al
ext
ent
of
buil
din
g
or
co
mp
art
me
nt
5ead4end
5irect distance
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Includes any shutter,cover or other form of protection to an
opening in any !all or floor of a building or in the structure
surrounding a protected shaft, regardless of !hether the door
is constructed of one or more leaves.
A device !hich !ill allo! a door held open by it to close
automatically in the event of each or anyone of the follo!ing7
%a& 5etection of smoke by automatic apparatus suitable
in nature, quality and location, and
%b& =peration of a hand operated s!itch fitted in a
suitable position, and
%c& (ailure of electricity supply to the device, apparatus
or s!itch, and
%d& =peration of the fire alarm system if any.
Ilement of )tructure
%a& A member forming part of the structural frame of a
building or any other beam or column but not a
member forming part of a roof structure only,
%b& A load4bearing !all or load4bearing part of a !all,
%c& A floor,including a compartment floor,other than the
lo!est floor %in contact !ith the ground& of a building,
%d& An external !all,
%e& A separating !all,
%f& A compartment !all, and
%g& A structure enclosing a protected shaft
%protecting structure&.
Imergency po!er generating equipment that complies !ith
the requirements stipulated in )) ;/; *ode of 2ractice for
Installation, =peration, Caintenance, 2erformance and
*onstructional #equirements of Cains (ailure )tandby
Aenerating )ystems.
5oor
Ilectro4
magnetic
or
electro4
mechanic
al device
susceptible
to smoke
Ilement
of
structure
Imergenc
y
generator
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Imergency Eighting and Ixit
Eighting
%a& Imergency lighting means lighting provided !ith
a secondary source of po!er supply.
%b& Ixit lighting means that part of emergency lighting
!hich is provided to illuminate the exits.
A means of escape from the interior of the building to an
exterior space !hich is provided by the use of the follo!ing
either singly or in combination7 exterior door openings, exit
staircases, exit ramps or exit passage!ays. In the case of an
exit leading to a separate building, exits also include
link!ays, !alk!ays, bridges and balconies. Ixit shall not
include access stairs, aisles, corridor doors or corridors and
access doors to rooms or spaces in occupancy areas.
A door provided at the door!ay of an exit for the passage of
people, forming part of the integrity of the exit, including the
exterior door opening.
That portion of a means of escape that leads to an exit. It
includes the room and building spaces that people occupy, the
doors along the escape routes, lobbies, aisles, passage!ays,
corridors, access stairs and ramps that !ill be traversed in
order to reach an exit.
A door !hich provides access to a room or space %excluding
toilet cubicle, bedroom, storeroom, utility room, pantry and the
like& or installed across the escape path leading to an exit. Ixit
access door shall comply !ith all the requirements of an exit
door and need not have fire resistance rating, unless it is
specified.
A hori@ontal extension of a vertical exit vi@ exit staircase or a
passage leading from a courtyard to an open exterior space,
complying !ith the requirements of *l./., for protected shafts
in respect of fire resistance ratings for enclosure !alls, floors,
ceilings and doors, that serves as a required exit.
Ixit passage!ay shall be required to comply !ith the
provisions of *l.2./.2.
A staircase !hich has its enclosure constructed of non
combustible material having a fire resistance of not less than
the minimum period required by *l././, for Ilements of
)tructure for the part of the building in !hich it is situated.
Imergency
lighting
and exit
lighting
Ixit
Ixit door
Ixit access
Ixit Access 5oor
Ixit passage!ay
Ixit staircase
1.2.2
,
1.2.2
.
1.2./
3
1.2./
1
1.2./
2
1.2./
/
1.2./
:
1.2./
;
Caterial fixed to the outside face of an external !all for
!eather protection or decorative purpose.
%a& An exit staircase !hich serves as a required exit shall
be located outside the building and open to the outdoor
air, and enclosed by parapet !alls or railing only.
%b& An external staircase shall qualify as an external exit
staircase if it is located !ithin or abutting an air4!ell
%!hich is open to sky and is required to provide lighting
and ventilation to the occupancy areas& having the
minimum si@e in relation to the habitable height of the
building as given in the Table 1.2.1A.
An exit passage!ay open to the outdoor air,that serves as a
required exit.
Ixternal Ixit 2assage!ay shall comply !ith the provisions
of *l.2./.2%c&.
An outer !all or vertical enclosure, including a part of the
roof pitched at an angle of <3 degrees or more to the
hori@ontal if that part of the roof ad6oins a space !ithin the
building to !hich persons have access.
The minimum period of time during !hich an element of
structure or building element may be expected to function
satisfactorily !hile sub6ected to a standard fire test.
A seal provided to close an imperfection of fit or any 6oint
bet!een elements, components or construction in a building so
as to prevent and restrict penetration of smoke and flame
through that imperfection or 6oint.
A smoke4stop lobby !hich is ad6acent to a fire lift and exit
staircase designated for use by the fire fighting team during an
emergency. The lobby shall not be used for any other
purposes and the si@e of the lobby shall not be smaller than
8m
2
and !ith no dimension smaller than 2m.
(or air conditioning and mechanical ventilation
systems7
%a& (lexible 6oints means connections bet!een ducts and
equipment normally provided to isolate vibration and
to allo! thermal movement.
Ixterna
l
claddin
g
Ixternal exit
staircase
Ixternal exit
passage!ay
Ixternal
!all %or side
of a
building&
(ire resistance
(ire stop
(ire4
fighting
lobby
(lexible
6oints and
flexible
connections
%b& (lexible connections means flexible sections of ducts
provided to connect the extremity of ventilation
duct!ork to terminal units, extract units and grilles.
1.2./;%A
&
1.2./;%
&
(ire Ingine Access
#oad
An access road to allo! a fire fighting appliance to move from
one location to another !ithin a development for fire fighting
purpose1 operation. It shall comply !ith clause :.2.2.
(ire Ingine
Access!ay
An access road to allo! a fire fighting appliance to carry out
fire fighting operation and shall be located along the perimeter
of the building in such a !ay and, in such extent as required
in clause :.2.2.
1.2./
8
1.2./
<
1.2./
,
1.2./
.
A floor or part thereof, including roof level, regardless
!hether it is opened to sky or not, designated to be used for
any purpose1 activity other than housing lift motors, fire
pumps, !ater supply pumps,cooling to!ers and !ater
tanks.)uch purpose1activity shall include terrace, garden and
playground and other C D I plants.
The habitable height is the height measured from the lo!est
level of fire engine access!ay or access road %applicable to
buildings under 2urpose Aroup II& to the finished floor level of
the highest habitable floor.
The height of building or %!here relevant& of part of a
building as described in the *ode, means the height of such
building or part, measured from the average level of the
ground ad6oining the outside of the external !alls of the
building to the level of half the vertical height of the roof of the
building or part, or the top of the !alls or of the parapet %if
any&, !hichever is the higher.
Any occupancy in !hich the contents or activities include one
or more of the follo!ing7
%a& materials that !ill flame up by themselves !ithout
the presence of any fire source belo! the ignition
temperature of 233M*,
%b& materials that !ould produce poisonous, noxious fumes,
or flammable vapour,
%c& m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s

t
h
a
t

!
o
u
l
d

c
a
u
s
e

e
x
p
l
o
s
i
o
n
s
,
>abitable floor
>abitable height
>eight of building
>igh ha@ard occupancy
%d& extra high ha@ard occupancies classified under )) *2
;2, and
%e& highly combustible substances and flammable liquids.
1.2.:
3
1.2.:
1
1.2.:
2
1.2.:
/
1.2.:
:
1.2.:
;
Eoad4bearing !all means a !all !hich supports any load in
addition to its o!n !eight.
In the context of this *ode, masonry refers to brick or
concrete construction or other equivalent construction
approved by the #elevant Authority.
0on combustible material means any material !hich neither
burns nor gives off flammable vapour in sufficient quantity to
ignite !hen sub6ected to the test for combustibility prescribed
in ) :<8 2art :, and includes materials of limited
combustibility, such as7
%a& Any material of density /33 kg1m
/
or more, !hich
!hen tested to ) :<87 2art 11, does not flame and
the rise in temperature on the furnace thermocouple is
not more than 23N*9
%b& Any material !ith a non4combustible core at least
,mm thick having combustible facings %on one or both
sides& not more than 3.;mm thick9 and
%c& Any material of density less than /33 kg1m
/
, !hich
!hen tested to ) :<87 2art 11, does not flame for
more than
13 seconds and the rise in temperature on the centre
%specimen& thermocouple is not more than /;N* and
on the furnace thermocouple is not more than 2;N*.
0on load bearing !all means a !all !hich supports no load
other than its o!n !eight.
oundary presumed to exist for the purpose of this
document bet!een buildings on the same site.
The Koccupant loadK of a building or part thereof means the
total number of persons that may occupy such building or part
thereof at any one time.The 'occupant load+ shall be
established7
%a& by applying to the floor areas available for occupation
based on the appropriate areas per person as laid do!n
in
Table
1.2A,
or
Eoad4
bearin
g
!all
Caso
nry
0on4
comb
ustibl
e
mater
ial
0
on
lo
ad
be
ari
ng
!
all
0
o
t
i
o
n
al boundary
=ccupant load
%b& by the number of fixed seating, if applicable, for
Assembly =ccupancies.
1.2.:8
1.2.:8%A
&
1.2.:<
1.2.:,
1.2.:.
1.2.;3
The maximum aggregate area of unprotected areas in any
side or external !all of a building or compartment as
referred to in *l./.;./.
2rivate lifts are passenger lifts !hich are meant for the
exclusive use of occupants in the building, and are located to
open its door directly into private enclosed spaces. 2rivate
lifts shall exclude vehicle lifts, home lifts and stair lifts.
An exit staircase, exit passage!ay, lift, chute, duct or other
shaft !hich enables persons or things or air to pass from
one compartment to another.
Ball, floor or other part of the building !hich encloses a
protected shaft, but not7
%a& A !all !hich also forms part of an external !all,
separating !all or compartment !all, or
%b& A floor !hich is also a compartment floor or a floor
laid directly on the ground, or
%c& A
roof.
2ublic building means a building or part thereof used or
constructed or adapted to be used as a shop, office, hospital or
place of public resort, not being a church, chapel, mosque,
temple or other place !here public !orship is or religious
ceremonies are performed.
(or the purpose of this document, every building or
compartment shall be regarded according to its use or
intended use as falling !ithin one of the purpose groups set
out in Table 1.2. (or designation of purpose group, !here
a building is divided into compartments used or intended to
be used for different purposes, the purpose group of each
compartment shall be determined separately, provided that
!here the !hole or part of a building or compartment %as
the case may be& is used or intended to be used for more
than one purpose, only the main purpose of use of that
building or compartment shall be taken into account in
determining into !hich purpose group it falls.
2ermitted
limit of
unprotected
area
2rivate
lifts
2rotected
shaft
2rotectin
g
structure
2ublic
building
2urpose
group
#emarks7 #equirements for buildings not covered in Table
1.2, including but not limited to 2o!er )tations,
Telecommunication Ixchanges, Incinerator
uildings, Bood Borking uildings, #ubber
(actory uildings, Catches and (ire Borks
(actories, Alass (actories, *hemical 2lants,
2etroleum #efineries and uildings used for the
manufacture and storage of >ighly *ombustible
)ubstances and (lammable Eiquids, etc shall be
consulted !ith the #elevant Authority.
1.2.;1
1.2.;2
1.2.;/
1.2.;:
1.2.;;
1.2.;8
1.2.;<
1.2.;,
1.2.;,%A
&
1.2.;,%
&
#elevant Authority means the *ommissioner of )ingapore
*ivil 5efence (orce and includes officers authorised by him
generally or specifically to exercise the po!ers, functions and
duties conferred by the (ire )afety Act.
oundary in relation to a side or external !all of a building
or compartment, including a notional boundary.
Includes any domelight, lantern light, skylight or other
element intended to admit daylight.
An enclosed space in a building that is not an enclosed
circulation space or a protected shaft or an enclosed space
not exceeding <;3mm in depth.
A form of compartmentation that is a part !hich is separated
from another part of the same building by a compartment
!all !hich runs full height of the part and is in one continuous
plane.
A !all separating ad6oining
buildings.
A door or set of doors placed in an internal corridor to restrict
the spread of smoke by reducing draft.
A lobby located at the entrance to an exit staircase to help
to prevent or minimise the entry of smoke into the staircase.
The si@e of the lobby shall not be smaller than /mO.
)tore
y
A storey means any floor or part thereof including platform,
me@@anine, attic level and CDI floor.
Tenancy unit refers to an individual unit or subdivided unit
!ithin a building or a compartment, and !hich is managed by
a different
operator
registered !ith
the Accounting
and *orporate
#egulatory
Authority
%A*#A&.
#
e
l
e
v
a
n
t
A
u
t
h
o
ri
t
y
#
el
e
v
a
nt
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
#oofligh
t
#oom
)epar
ated
part
%of a
buildi
ng&
)eparating !all )moke check
door
)moke4stop lobby
)torey
Tenancy unit
1.2.;
.
1.2.8
3
The distance required to be traversed from the most remote
point in any room or space to the edge of a door opening
directly to
an exit staircase, or
an exit passage!ay,
or
an open exterior space,
unless other!ise permitted under this *ode as in the case
of hotel bedrooms %*l.2.<./&, residential apartments or
maisonettes %*l.2.:.<& and exit to Area of #efuge %*l.2.2.8%f&&.
Bhere more than one exit is required from a building or
portion thereof, such exits shall be remotely located from each
other and shall be arranged and constructed to minimise the
possibility that more than one can be rendered unusable by any
one fire or other emergency condition.
%a& If t!o exits or exit access doors are required, they
shall be placed at a distance from one another equal to
or not less than half the length of the maximum overall
diagonal dimension of the building or area to be served,
measured in a straight line bet!een the furthest edges of
the exit doors or exit access doors %see diagram
1.2.83%a&%i& to %v&&, sub6ect to 7
%i& If the distance bet!een the 2 exits or exit access
doors is less than half the length of the maximum
overall diagonal dimension of the building or area to
be served, it shall be considered as a one4!ay
escape arrangement9 and
%ii& The separation distance measured in a straight
line bet!een the furthest edges of the doors of
the t!o exits %exit staircases, exit passage!ays or
exit ramps& shall not be less than <m.
%b& In buildings protected throughout by an approved
automatic sprinkler system !hich complies !ith the
requirements of chapter 8, the minimum separation
distance bet!een t!o exits or exit access doors
measured in accordance !ith sub4 clause 1.2.83%a& shall
be not less than one third the length of the maximum
overall diagonal dimension of the building or area to be
served.The separation distance measured in a straight
line bet!een the furthest edges of the doors of the t!o
exits %exit staircases, exit passage!ays or exit ramps&
shall not be less than <m.
Travel distance
T!o4!ay
escape
%#emoteness of
exits&
T!o4!ay escape
#eduction in
exit separation
%c& Bhere t!o exit staircases, exit passage!ays or exit
ramps are inter4connected by a corridor, exit separation
shall be permitted to be measured along the line of travel
!ithin the exit access corridor. The exit access corridor
connecting the exit staircases, exit passage!ays or exit
ramps shall be protected by minimum one hour fire
rated enclosures. 5oors opening into this corridor shall
have minimum half hour fire resistance rating %see
diagram 1.2.83%c&&. The separation distance measured
along the line of travel !ithin the exit access corridor
bet!een the furthest edges of the doors of the t!o exits
%exit staircases, exit passage!ays or exit ramps& shall
not be less than <m.
%d& %i& A one4!ay travel or 'common path+ exists if a
floor space is arranged or provided !ith
partitioning !orks such that occupants !ithin that
space are able to travel in only one direction to
reach any of the exits or to reach the splitting
point !here they have the choice of t!o or more
routes of travel to remote exits.
%ii& The travel distance from the most remote point
to the splitting point shall not exceed the
permissible one4!ay travel distance allo!ed in
Table 2.2A. At the splitting point, the angle of
divergence bet!een any t!o alternative routes
shall not be less than .3 degrees in order that the
routes originating from the splitting point can be
considered as t!o4!ay travel.
%iii& The aggregate travel distances of the one4!ay
travel from the most remote point to the splitting
point and the continuous t!o4!ay travel from the
splitting point to the nearest exit shall not exceed
the permissible t!o4!ay travel distance allo!ed in
Table 2.2A.
Ixit separation
measured
along exit
access corridor
=ne4!ay travel
1.2.8
1
In relation to a side or external !all of a building means7
%a& A !indo!, door or other opening, and
%b& Any part of the external !all !hich has less than the
relevant fire resistance required in *l./.;, and
%c& Any part of the external !all !hich has combustible
material more than 1mm thick attached or applied to
its external face !hether for cladding or any other
purpose.
"
n
p
r
ot
e
ct
e
d
ar
e
a
1.2.8
2
1.2.8
/
An exit staircase or exit ramp serving as required exit from one
or more storeys above or belo! ground level.
(or the purpose of internal surfaces, includes7
%a& The surface of gla@ing, and
%b& Any part of ceiling !hich slopes at an angle of <3
degrees or more to the hori@ontal,
but excluding7
%i& door frames and ungla@ed parts of doors, and
%ii& !indo! frames and frames in !hich gla@ing is
fitted, and
%iii& architraves, cover moulds, picture rails, skirtings
and similar narro! members, and
%iv& fitted furniture.
Lertical
exit
Ball surface
Table 1.2A =ccupancy Eoad Tables T a/le 109A -##upan#y Load T a/les
)chedule 2 2urpose Aroup II #esidential.
)chedule /.1 2urpose Aroup III >ealth4*are =ccupancy %>ospital, *linic D 2olyclinic&.
)chedule /.2 2urpose Aroup III )tudent >ostel, 5ormitory, =ld (olks >ome, =rphanage,
*hildren$s >ome, 5ay4care *entre, Pindergarten, Infant
*are, Army *amp, 5etention1*orrection *entre.
)chedule /./ 2urpose Aroup III )chools, *olleges, *ommercial )chools,
Locational Institution, 2olytechnic,
"niversity.
)chedule : 2urpose Aroup IL =ffices, anks, 2ublishers, )tock rokers.
)chedule ; 2urpose Aroup L )hops, )hopping *entres D Arcades.
)chedule 8 2urpose Aroup LI (actories, Industrial 2lants.
)chedule <.1 2urpose Aroup LII >otels, >oliday #esorts, oarding >ouses, )ervice
Apartments,
*onvention *entres, 2rivate *lubs.
)chedule <.2 2urpose Aroup LII *ommunity *entres.
)chedule <./ 2urpose Aroup LII Cuseums, 2ublic Art Aalleries, Ixhibition *entres.
)chedule <.: 2urpose Aroup LII Theatres, *inemas, *oncert >alls.
)chedule <.; 2urpose Aroup LII 2ublic Eibraries.
)chedule <.8 2urpose Aroup LII #eligious uildings.
)chedule <.< 2urpose Aroup LII 2ublic )ports *omplex, )tadium,
2ublic )!imming *omplex.
)chedule <., 2urpose Aroup LII #ecreational uildings, Amusement *entres.
)chedule <.. 2urpose Aroup LII Iating >ouses, #estaurants, *offee )hops,
>a!ker *entres, (ast (ood =utlets.
)chedule <.13 2urpose Aroup LII us Terminals, Train )tation, Airport, (erry Terminal.
)chedule , 2urpose Aroup LIII Barehouses, Aodo!ns, *ar 2arks.
Table 1.2 5esignation of 2urpose Aroups T a/le 109A -##upan#y Load T a/les
Purpose
Group
Des#riptive
Title
Purpose !or 1$i#$ /uilding or part o!
t$e /uilding is used or intended to /e
used
I )mall residential 2rivate d!elling house such as bungalo!s, semi4detached houses
and
terrace houses
II =ther residential Accommodation for residential purposes other than any
premises
comprised in Aroup I to include flats, maisonettes, apartments etc.
III Institutional Istablishments used for treatment, care or maintenance of
persons
suffering from disabilities, or educational purposes and
accommodations, including hospitals, clinics, polyclinics
student hostels, dormitories, old folks homes, orphanages,
childrenHs homes,
day4care centres, infant care, kindergartens, army camps,
detention1 correction centres, schools, colleges, commercial
IL =ffice =ffice or premises used for office purposes meaning the purposes
of
administration, clerical !ork %including book4keeping,
accounting, dra!ing and editorial !ork etc& telephone and telegraph
operating and
banking or as premises occupied !ith an office for the purposes
L )hop )hop or shopping centre including departmental stores,
shopping
arcades, supermarkets, drugstores, sho!rooms for sale of
goods, hairdressing and beauty salons, ticketing agencies,
pa!nshops,
LI (actory A factory refers to any industrial premises !ith
manufacturing,
processing, servicing or testing activities
LII 2lace of public
resort
2remises used for social, recreational or business purposes to
include
hotels, holiday resorts, boarding houses, service apartments,
convention centres, private clubs, community centres,
museums, public art galleries, exhibition centres, theatres, cinemas,
concert halls,
public libraries, religious buildings, public sports complex,
stadium, public s!imming complex, recreational buildings,
amusement centres,
LIII )torage 2lace of storage %including godo!ns, !arehouses, stores etc&,
deposit or parking of goods, materials and1or vehicles.
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI 2
2"#2=)I A#="24II =T>I# #I)I5I0TIAE
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 A2A#TCI0T), CAI)=0ITTI)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5 %m
2
1person&
Aross (loor Area calculated on habitable areas 1;.3
2rivate roof garden1terrace of
a residential unit
non4simultaneous

*hildren playground
%!ith playground
equipment&
;.3
*ommon roof garden1roof
terrace accessible to
residents and guests
1.; %except areas covered in A nn e x
I&
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI /.1
2"#2=)I A#="24III I0)TIT"TI=0AE
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 >IAET>4*A#I =**"2A0*Q
%>=)2ITAE, *EI0I* D
2=EQ*EI0I*&
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area
Eobby1*orridors
Baiting Area1
Lisitors Eounge
=ut4patient Baiting Area
non4simultaneous
/.3

/.3
1.;
Admin =ffices 13.3
5octor$s =ffices 13.3
0ursing )tation 13.3
)taff Eounge /.3
*onsultant1Treatment1
Ixamination #oom
Therapy *entre
;.3
13.3
=peration Theatre <.;
)urgical Lie!ing Aallery /.3
2atient Accommodation Intensive *are 23.3
#oom %max 2 beds& 13.3
Bard 13.3
Eaboratories 23.3
2harmacy 23.3
Pitchen1>ousekeeping 13.3
EaundryR%1&
Toilet1Eocker1 *hanging #oom non4simultaneous
13.3

)torage /3.3
*anteen 1.;
#estaurant 1.;
)hop ;.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
RTo refer to %1& %2& or %/& of notes at the end of )chedule ,
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI /.2
2"#2=)I A#="24III I0)TIT"TI=0AE
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 )T"5I0T >=)TIE, 5=#CIT=#Q, =E5 (=EP$), >=CI,
=#2>A0AAI, *>IE5#I0$) >=CI, 5AQ4*A#I *I0T#I,
PI05I#AA#TI0, I0(A0T *A#I, A#CQ *AC2,
5ITI0TI=01*=##I*TI=0 *I0T#I
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area
Eobby1*orridors
Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge
non4simultaneous
/.3

/.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
)taff =ffice 13.3
Eibrary1#eading #oom )tack Area 13.3
#eading Area ;.3
*ommon #oom 1.;
Culti4purpose #oom 1.;
)tudent edroom Cin. 2 persons per room 1;.3 %including other areas such
as attached living area or toilet&
Barden$s Accommodation 1;.3
)leeping ?uarters1 5ormitories /.3
5etention #oom
)ick #oom non4simultaneous
/.3

Toilets1ath1 *hanging #ooms non4simultaneous
Indoor Aames1>obby #oom 1.;
*lassroom 1.;
Pitchen1>ousekeeping 13.3
EaundryR%1& 13.3
)ervice Area 13.3
)torage Area /3.3
5ining1*anteen 1.;
)hop ;.3
Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
RTo refer to %1& %2& or %/& of notes at the end of )chedule ,
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI /./
2"#2=)I A#="24III I0)TIT"TI=0AE
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 )*>==E), *=EEIAI), *=CCI#*IAE )*>==E), L=*ATI=0AE
I0)TIT"TI=0, 2=EQTI*>0I*, "0ILI#)ITQ
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area
Eobby1*orridors
Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge
non4simultaneous
/.3

/.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
)taff =ffice 13.3
*lass #oom 1.;
*omputer *lassroom *ommercial )chool 1.;
=thers /.3
)eminar #oom 1.;
Eecture #oom 1.;
Eibrary )tack Area 13.3
#eading Area %)chool& ;.3
%=thers& ;.3
Culti 2urpose >all R)chool1*olleges 1.3
=thers 1.;
)tage Area /.3
Lie!ing Aallery 1.;
5esign )tudio ;.3
Eaboratories ;.3
Borkshop ;.3
*lub1)ociety
#oom )ick #oom
)torage Area
non4simultaneous
1.;

/3.3
Pitchen1)ervice Area
Toilets1*hanging #oom
*anteen
non4simultaneous
13.3

1.;
Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
R Bhere school are provided !ith both Culti4purpose >all and Indoor )port >all %I)>&, the occupancy load for
I)> can be based on /mO1person instead of 1mO1person
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI :
2"#2=)I A#="2 IL4 =((I*I
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 =((I*I), A0P), 2"EI)>I#), )T=*P #=PI#)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area
Eobby1*orridors
Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge
non4simultaneous
/.3

/.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
usiness *entre 13.3
Ceeting1)eminar #oom 1.;
Archive1Eibrary )tack Area 13.3
#eading Area ;.3
(iling #oom1)tore 13.3
*omputer #oom ;.3
5esign )tudio ;.3
5rafting =ffice ;.3
Trading (loor 2.3
Trading Aallery 1.;
anking >all /.3
5eposit1)trong #oom /3.3
Cachine12rinting #oomR%2& 13.3
#estaurant 1.;
*anteen 1.;
)taff *anteen 1.;
)hop
Toilets
)torage Area
non4simultaneous
;.3

/3.3
Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
Aboveground or
underground pedestrian
link!ays !ith commercial
activities
2.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
RTo refer to %1& %2& or %/& of notes at the end of )chedule ,
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI ;
2"#2=)I A#="2 L4 )>=2)
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 )>=2), )>=22I0A *I0T#I) D A#*A5I)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area /.3
Eobby non4simultaneous

(ixed *orridors non4simultaneous

Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge /.3
Atrium (loor1*oncourse /.3
Ixhibition12romotion Area 1.;
)hop (loor ;.3
)ho!room ;.3
)upermarket1a@aar ;.3
5epartment )tore ;.3
#estaurant 1.;
*anteen 1.;
*afeteria 1.;
(ast (ood =utlet 1.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Toilets1)taff #est #oom non4simultaneous

)torage /3.3
Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
Aboveground or
underground pedestrian
link!ays !ith commercial
activities
2.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI 8
2"#2=)I A#="2 LI4 (A*T=#Q
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 (A*T=#II), (EATTI5 (A*T=#II), I05")T#IAE 2EA0T)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area /.3
Eobby1*orridors non4simultaneous

Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge /.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Ceeting1)eminar #oom 1.;
Eibrary )tack Area 13.3
#eading Area ;.3
Borkshop 13.3
Eaboratories ;.3
Ixhibition 1.;
2roduction AreaR%2& 13.3
2acking15istribution Area 13.3
Caterial12roduct /3.3
Aeneral )torage non4simultaneous

Culti4purpose Area 1.;
)taff #ecreation #oom non4simultaneous

)taff #est #oom non4simultaneous

)taff *anteen 1.;
Toilets1*hanging1 Eocker #oom non4simultaneous

)ick #oom non4simultaneous

Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
RTo refer to %1& %2& or %/& of notes at the end of )chedule ,
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 >=TIE), >=EI5AQ #I)=#T), =A#5I0A >=")I), )I#LI*I5
A2A#TCI0T), *=0LI0TI=0 *I0T#I), 2#ILATI *E")
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area
Eobby1*orridors
Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge
non4simultaneous
/.3

/.3
Atrium (loor1*oncourse /.3
Auestroom1Accommodation unit Aross floor area of each
room Cin. 2 persons per
room
1;.3 %including other areas such as
living area, toilet, etc&
ackpacker hotel 2er room. )ub6ect to a
maximum of 23 persons
per room. Caximum area
of a backpacker room shall
not exceed 83mO
/.3 %including other areas such as
living area, toilet, etc&
)erviced Apartment 2er unit 1;.3
ar12ub
5iscothequ
e 0ight
*lub
#estaurant
Aross
area
Aross
area
Aross
1.3
1.3 %including dine D dance area&
1.; %including dine D dance
area& 1.;
Ixhibition1Culti4purpose area 1.;
(unction1all #oom
2re4function #oom
usiness *entre
non4simultaneous
1.;

13.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
*onference #oom 1.;
Ceeting1)eminar #oom 1.;
Eibrary )tack Area 13.3
#eading Area ;.3
)hop ;.3
>ealth *lub1*entre1)2AR%/& ;.3
)!imming 2ool 5eck
)!imming 2ool
)quash *ourt 2 per court
13.3

)taff #est
#oom )taff
*anteen
Toilets1*hanging1 Eocker #oom
non4
simultaneous
non4

1.;

13.3
EaundryR%1& 13.3
Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI <.1
2"#2=)I A#="2 LII4 2EA*I) =( 2"EI*
#I)=#T
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 >=TIE), >=EI5AQ #I)=#T), =A#5I0A >=")I), )I#LI*I5
A2A#TCI0T), *=0LI0TI=0 *I0T#I), 2#ILATI *E")
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%mO1person&
Aboveground or
underground pedestrian
link!ays !ith commercial
activities
2.3
#oof access for
maintenance only
4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or
other members of public
in the building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
RTo refer to %1& %2& or %/& of notes at the end of )chedule ,
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 *=CC"0ITQ *I0T#I)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area /.3
Eobby1*orridors non4simultaneous

Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge /.3
*oncourse /.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Culti4purpose >all 1.;
Ceeting #oom 1.;
Eibrary )tack Area 13.3
#eading Area ;.3
>ealth1(itness #oom1)2AR%/& ;.3
Aames #oom 1.;
*anteen1*afeteria 1.;
Pitchen 13.3
Toilets1*hanging #oom non4simultaneous

)torage Area /3.3
Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
RTo refer to %1& %2& or %/& of notes at the end of )chedule ,
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 C")I"C), 2"EI* A#T AAEEI#II), IS>IITI=0 *I0T#I)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area #eading Area /.3
Eobby1*orridors non4simultaneous

Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge /.3
*oncourse /.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Archive1Eibrary )tack Area 13.3
#eading Area ;.3
Ixhibition Area 1.;
Auditorium1Theatre 1.; %(or Assembly occupancy, it can
be based on fixed seating for purpose
of
computing occupant load&
)torage Area /3.3
)hop ;.3
#estaurant 1.;
*anteen1*afeteria 1.;
Pitchen 13.3
)taff #est #oom non4simultaneous

Toilet1*hanging #oom non4simultaneous

Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI <.:
2"#2=)I A#="2 LII4 2EA*I) =( 2"EI*
#I)=#T
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 T>IAT#I), *I0ICA), *=0*I#T
>AEE)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area /.3
Eobby1(oyer /.3
*orridors non4simultaneous

Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge /.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Ticketing =ffice 13.3
)eating Aallery by numbers or 1.;
)tage non4simultaneous

ack )tage /.3
=rchestral 2it 1.;
*hanging #oom /.3
Eighting1ALA #oom ;.3
2ro6ection #oom ;.3
Aeneral )torage /3.3
#estaurant 1.;
*anteen1)nack ar 1.;
Pitchen 13.3
Toilets non4simultaneous

Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 2"EI* EI#A#II)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area /.3
(oyer Eoan *ounter Area /.3
Eobby1*orridors non4simultaneous

Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge /.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Eibrary Area )tack Area 13.3
#eading Area ;.3
Audio Lisual Area /.3
Auditorium1Theatre 1.; %(or Assembly occupancy, it can
be based on fixed seating for purpose
of
computing occupant load&
Culti4purpose #oom 1.;
ook1Aeneral )torage /3.3
*afeteria1)nack ar 1.;
Pitchenette 13.3
Toilets non4simultaneous

Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI <.8
2"#2=)I A#="2 LII4 2EA*I) =( 2"EI*
#I)=#T
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 #IEIAI=") "IE5I0A)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area /.3
(oyer /.3
Eobby1*orridors non4simultaneous

Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge /.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Ceeting1)eminar #oom 1.;
*lass #oom 1.;
2rayer >all1Aallery 1.;
*hoir Aallery 1.;
*rematoria 1.;
Cortuary /3.3
#efreshment Area 1.;
Pitchenette 13.3
)taff ?uarter 1;.3
Aeneral )torage /3.3
Toilets1*hanging #oom non4simultaneous

Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 2"EI* )2=#T) *=C2EIS, )TA5I"C, 2"EI* )BICCI0A
*=C2EIS.
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area /.3
Eobby1*orridors non4simultaneous

*oncourse1(oyer /.3
Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge /.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Ceeting1)eminar #oom 1.;
Culti42urpose )ports >all /.3
Aymnasium /.;
Training Area /.3
Arandstand1)eating Area 1.;
)quash *ourt 2 per court
)!imming 2ool 5eck ;.3
)!imming 2ool 2.;
#estaurant 1.;
*afeteria 1.;
(ast (ood =utlet 1.3
Pitchen 13.3
Aeneral )torage /3.3
Toilet1*hanging #oom non4simultaneous

Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI <.,
2"#2=)I A#="2 LII4 2EA*I) =( 2"EI*
#I)=#T
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 #I*#IATI=0AE "IE5I0A), AC")ICI0T
*I0T#I)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area
Eobby1*orridors
Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge
non4simultaneous
/.3

/.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Ceeting1)eminar #oom 1.;
o!ling Alley exclude bo!ling lanes 1.3
Amusement 2ark exclude machine areas 1.3
illiards #oom ;.3
)kating #ink #ink Area /.3
)pectator Area 1.;
5iscotheque
2ub1ar
Paraoke
Eounge 0ight
*lub
Aross
area
Aross
area
Aross
1.3 %including dine D dance
area& 1.3
1.; %including dine D dance area&
1.; %including dine D dance area&
>ealth *lub1*entreR%/& ;.3
#estaurant 1.;
*afetaria1)nack ar 1.;
(ast (ood =utlet 1.3
Pitchen1)ervice Area 13.3
Toilet1*hanging #oom
Aeneral )torage
non4simultaneous
/3.3
Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
RTo refer to %1& %2& or %/& of notes at the end of )chedule ,
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI <..
2"#2=)I A#="2 LII4 2EA*I) =( 2"EI*
#I)=#T
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 IATI0A >=")I), #I)TA"#A0T), *=((II )>=2),
>ABPI# *I0T#I), (A)T (==5 ="TEIT)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area /.3
Eobby1*orridors non4simultaneous

Baiting Area /.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Ceeting1)eminar #oom 1.;
5ining Area >a!ker *entres 1.;
(ast (ood =utlets 1.3
=thers 1.;
ar12ub Aross area 1.3
Eounge 2.;
Pitchen1)ervice Area 13.3
)torage Area /3.3
Toilet1*hanging #oom non4simultaneous

)taff #est #oom non4simultaneous

Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
Aboveground or
underground pedestrian
link!ays !ith commercial
activities
2.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI <.13
2"#2=)I A#="2 LII4 2EA*I) =( 2"EI*
#I)=#T
"IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 ") TI#CI0AE, T#AI0 )TATI=0, AI#2=#T, (I##Q
TI#CI0AE
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area /.3
Eobby1*orridors non4simultaneous

Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge /.3
*oncourse /.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Ceeting1)eminar #oom 1.;
Ticketing =ffice 13.3
usiness *entre 13.3
2assenger Arrival1 us Terminal 1.;
5eparture Areas1(oyers =thers /.3
#estaurant 1.;
*afeteria 1.;
(ast (ood =utlet 1.3
Pitchen1)ervice Area 13.3
)hop ;.3
)taff #est #oom non4simultaneous

)torage Area /3.3
Toilets1*hanging #oom non4simultaneous

Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
Above4ground or
underground pedestrian
link!ays !ith commercial
activities
2.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
=**"2A0*Q E=A54 )*>I5"EI ,
2"#2=)I A#="2 LIII4 BA#I>=")I, A=5=B0), 2"EI* *A#
2A#P "IE5I0A TQ2I) 4 BA#I>=")I, A=5=B0), *A# 2A#P)
("0*TI=0AE )2A*I) #ICA#P) =**"2A0*Q E=A5
%m
2
1person&
#eception Area /.3
Eobby1*orridors non4simultaneous

Baiting Area1Lisitors Eounge /.3
Admin =ffice 13.3
Ceeting1)eminar #oom 1.;
2ackaging Area 13.3
Aoods )torage /3.3
Aeneral )torage /3.3
Eoading1"nloading Area : per ay
)taff #est #oom non4simultaneous

Toilets1*hanging #oom non4simultaneous

)taff *anteen 1.;
Pitchen1)ervice Area 13.3
Cechanical 2lant #oom /3.3
#oof access for maintenance only 4444
#oof garden1roof terrace
accessible to staff or other
members of public in the
building.
1.; %except areas covered in Annex I&
0ote7
a& *ar 2arking Areas 4 occupancy calculated on the basis of /3 m
2
per person.
b& (or building types not included in the above tables, occupancy load calculation shall be based on
the figures established for buildings !ithin the same purpose group, or as other!ise determined
by the # eleva nt Au th o rity .
R%1& Eaundry Areas equipped !ith machine operation, occupancy may be calculated at 1;.3sq m per person.
R%2& 2roduction Area !hether automated or not , shall be calculated on the basis of 13.3mO per person
R%/& >ealth1(itness *entres1)2A include areas for !eight training, aerobics,
massage, sauna1steam bath and !hirlpools.
Anne8 E
= ccupant E oad ( ac to r s f or # oof A a r den1 # oof T e rr ace1)ky A a r den1) k y Te rr ace
( " 0 *T I =0 A E ) 2 A * I ) # I C A # P ) =**"2A0*Q E=A5 %m
2
1person&
)unken planting areas /.3
2lanter boxes less than
/33mm in height %regardless
of !hether the planter box is
covered !ith trees1shrubs&
1.;
>eight of planter box from

/33mm to ;33mm and covered
fully !ith trees1shrubs
>eight of planter box
from /33mm to ;33mm
and not covered !ith
trees1shrubs
1.;
>eight of planter box exceeds

;33mm %!ithout access by
steps1ramp&
5epth1height of
sunken1elevated !ater feature
%permanent1fixed structure&
less than /33mm
/.3
5epth1height of

sunken1elevated !ater feature
%permanent1fixed
structure& /33mm or more
-ogging track1designated foot
path not exceeding /m in
!idth
/.3
*hildren playground
%!ith playground
equipment&
;.3
#oof !ithout public or
occupants access %i.e.
for maintenance only&
4444
0ote7 Bhen A1A !orks are carried out at an existing roof garden , roof terrace, sky garden, sky terrace,
regardless !hether the A1A !orks increase the occupant load, ?2 shall submit plans to )*5( for approval.
Diagra 10901:
D EA D2 END C - RR .D -RS
a0 ;T< =un#tion 1it$ ain #orridor /0 Continuation past stair1ay
#0 E8aple o! t1o #oon types o! dead2end #orridors0 Bot$ dead2end po#*ets serve
as traps /e#ause travel into t$e does not lead to an e8it> t$e egress pat$ ust /e
reversed
to rea#$ an e8it stair#ase
5iagram 1.2.83%a&%i& to %a&%iv& Diagra 1090?@+a,+i, to +a,+iv,
Re o t e n e ss o! e 8 it s t ai r # a se
A rr a n ge e n t o! e 8 it s
Diagram 1.2.60(a)(i) Diagram 1.2.60(a)(ii)
Diagram 1.2.60(a)
(iii)
Diagram 1.2.60(a)(iv)
-n e 2 1ay es#a p e a rr a n g e e n t T1 o2 1ay es#a p e a rr a ng e e n t
T$e distan#e /et1een t$e e8it o! stair#ases S1
A S9 is less t$an $al! t$e lengt$ o! t$e
a80
overall diagonal diension o! t$e /uilding
or !loor spa#e
E8it separation /et1een t$e e8it
o! stair#ases S1 A S9 ay /e
/ased on t$e
travel distan#e in t$e e8it a##ess
#orridor en#losed 1it$ 1 $our !ire rated
1alls and
B $our !ire rated door
Diagra 1090?@+a,+v, Diagra 1090?@+a,+v,
Re o t e n e ss o! e 8 it s t ai r # a se
A rr a n ge e n t o! e 8 it s
5iagram 1.2.83%c& Diagra 1090?@+#,
Re o t e n e ss o! e 8 it s t ai r # a ses
A rr a n ge e n t o! e 8 it
s t ai r # as e s
Reoteness o! e8its is easured along 12$our rated #orridor 1it$ B $our !ire
doors0 .n pla#e o! easuring p$ysi#al distan#e /et1een e8it stair en#losuresC
distan#e !or
purposes o! deterining reoteness is peritted to /e easured along a prote#ted
#orridor0