1

UNIT 3: Force, Motion and Energy

Chapter 1: Moving Objects





2
Chapter 1: Moving Objects

There are two general ways of making objects move.
One is by pushing and the other by pulling. The use of a
reference point or a reference object is emphasized to give
the accurate or precise location of an object.
This chapter also discusses that when a force is applied
on an object, the object can move fast or slow, forward or
backward, or can be stretched or compressed. Water,
magnets, and moving air are examples of materials that can
exert force to make objects move.

Lesson 1: Describing the Position of an Object relative
to another Object

Activity 1: What is my position?

Objective
Describe the position of an object relative to another object.

Material
Real objects such as table, cabinet, ball, door, balloons,

Procedure
1. Write the correct word that describes the position of the
object or animal or person in each picture. Choose from
the list of words in the box. Do this in your notebook.






under
table behind top
cabinet
right
boy
in front
left
3



a. The book is on _____________ of
the ___________.




b. The ball is _____________
of the _____________.






c. The door is _____________
the _____________.







d. The cat is_____________
the _____________.




4


e. The balloons are in the girls
_____________ hand.







Activity 2: How do you know that an object has moved?

Objective
Describe the location of an object after it has moved.

Materials
meter stick toy car picture of a road sign

Procedure
1. Using a chalk, draw a line on one side of the table. Label
this line as start.

2. Put the toy car behind the line as shown below.






Start
5
3. Slightly push the toy car.

4. Mark the location of the car once it stops.








5. Using a meter stick, measure the distance from start to
the position where the car had stopped. Answer the
following questions In your notebook.











a. What was the location of the car before it was pushed?
b. How far did the toy car move?
c. What was the location of your toy car after pushing it?
d. What was the reference point/object that told you that
the toy car had moved?
e. Can you move an object without pushing it?



meter stick
stops start
stop start
6
Activity 3: How can you make objects move?

Objective
Describe the different ways to move objects.

Materials
Assorted objects like eraser, pencil, notebook,
stone, key, coin, ball

Procedure
1. Get five small objects from your bag. Put them on the
table.

2. Make each object move. Try different ways, of moving
the object.

3. Copy table 1 in your notebook. Write the name of the
object and the ways you have done to move it.

Table 1: Different ways of moving different objects
Object How did I make the object move?
1. eraser
By pushing it with my fingers
By lifting it with my hand
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Question
What are the different ways of moving objects?
7
Activity 4: Making a Wind Wheel
Objectives
1. Describe how wind moves objects.
2. Make a wind wheel.

Materials
pencil with eraser paper
paper clip tape

Procedure
1. Make a wind wheel. Look at the procedure below on
how to make a wind wheel.








2. Holding only the handle, make your wind wheel spin. Try
different ways then answer the questions in your
notebook.

a. What are the different ways of making your wind
wheel spin?

b. What made the wind wheel spin?

2. Look around the room.
c. What other objects can be moved by the wind?


8
Activity 5: Making a Paper Boat

Objectives
1. Describe how water move objects.
2. Make a paper boat.

Materials
basin with water , Paper,Tape

Procedure
1. Make a paper boat. Look at the procedure below on
how to make a paper boat.






















9
2. Holding your paper boat, make it float and move in a big
basin of water. Try different ways and answer the
questions on your notebook.
a. What are the different ways of making your paper boat
move on water?
b. What makes the paper boat move?


Lesson 2: Describing the Location of an Object After it
has Moved

Activity 1: Make It Move with A Magnet!

Objectives
1. Describe how a magnet can move objects.
2. Identify objects that can be moved by a magnet.

Materials
paper clip (metal), magnet
cardboard (about 15 cm x 15 cm)
assorted objects (hair pin, small nails,
round fastener, eraser, crayon, bottle caps

Procedure
1. Place a paperclip on top of a cardboard.

2. Hold a magnet under the cardboard.
Move the magnet.

a. What happens to the paper clip?

3. Try placing other objects on top of the cardboard. Make
each object move.
10
4. In your notebook, copy the table and write the objects
you placed on the cardboard in column A and answer
the question in column B.

A
Object
B
Did the object move?
Paperclip
Yes









b. What objects were moved by the magnet?

c. For the objects moved by the magnet, what kind of
material are they made of?


Activity 2: Attract or Repel!

Objectives
1. Identify the poles of a magnet.
2. Infer that a magnet has two poles.
3. State that like poles repel; unlike poles attract.
4. Infer that the strength of the magnet is stronger at
the poles.

Materials
Paper clips (metal) magnets



11

Procedure
1. Place a bar magnet in a box filled with
paper clips.

2. Lift the bar magnet. Answer the
questions In your notebook.

a. Did the paper clips stick to the bar magnet?
b. To which part of the magnet did the paper c ips
stick?
c. What does this tell you about the strength of the
magnet?

3. Get two bar magnets. Place them together in different
ways.

d. Did the two magnets attract each other or repel
each other? Draw their positions in your notebook.

e. When did the two magnets repel each other? Draw
their position below.


Activity 3: Ready, Set, Go!

Objectives
1. Describe different ways of moving a toy car.
2. Identify objects or materials that can move a toy
car.

Materials
toy cars magnets fan string
12

Procedure
1. Each group will have a car for each race.

2. There are four races.

Race 1: One pupil from each group will push the car
from the starting line to the finish line. The first car to
cross the finish line wins.

Race 2: One pupil from each group will pull the car from
the starting line to the finish line. The first car to cross
the finish line wins.

Race 3: One pupil from each group will fan the car to
move it from the starting line to the finish line. The first
car to cross the finish line wins.

Race 4: A magnet will be attached to the toy car. One
student from each group will use a magnet to push
the car by placing the magnet attached on the car.
The magnets should not stick together. The first car to
cross the finish line wins.

a. How were you able to make the toy car move? List
them all in your notebook.
b. Do you have toy car at home? Have you played
with already? How did you make it move?






13
Lesson 3: Describing the Different Ways Objects Move

Activity 1 : Fast or Slow; Forward or Backward

Objectives
1. Describe the movement of an object as fast or slow
2. Describe the movement of an object as forward or
backward.

Materials
2 toy cars

Procedure
1. Label the toy cars as 1 and 2.

2. Mark a starting line on the floor.

3. Put the two cars behind the starting line.

4. Measure 1 meter from the starting line. Draw a line.











starting line 1-m line
14
5. At the same time, push one toy car lightly and push the
other one toy car harder. Observe them and answer the
questions that follow. Write your answerrs in your
notebook.
a. Which toy car reached the one meter line first?
b. Which of the two toy cars moved faster? Why
c. What did you do to make the toy car roll fast?
d. What did you do to make the toy car roll slowly?
e. When you pushed the toy car, did it move forward or
backward?
f. What would you do to make the toy car move
backward?
g. Did you try playing toy car racing? How did you
measure the distance when you reach the finish
line?

Activity 2: Stretched or Compressed?

Objectives
1. Describe stretching and compressing of objects.
2. Name objects that can be stretched or compressed.

Materials
meter stick, garter, chalk
different colors of rubber bands

Procedure
1. Each member of the group should have one rubber
band. Each should have a different color.



15
2. The group members should position themselves behind a
marked line.










3. Stretch the rubber band using your fingers. Release the
rubber bands at the same time. Estimate the distance it
traveled. Record your answers In your notebook

a. What happened to the rubber band when you
released it?
b. Whose rubber band moved the farthest from the
marked line?
c. Whose rubber band was nearest to the line after
release?
d. What other objects can be stretched like the rubber
band? Name two.
e. Can a piece of thread be used for this purpose?

4. This time, use the garter. Make the garter longer.
a. How did you make the garter longer?

5. Make the garter shorter.
a. How did you make the garter shorter?
b. What other objects can be compressed? Name two.
16
c. Do you play Chinese garter? How do you make it
longer and shorter?



Chapter 2: Light and Heat

This Chapter deals with the different sources of light,
whether natural or artificial, their importance in our daily
lives, and the proper ways of using them.


Lesson 1: Sources of Light
Activity 1: The Wonderful Light

Objectives
1. Identify sources of light
2. Classify sources of light into natural and artificial

Materials
flash light, candle, light bulb, pictures of lighted charcol
sun, moon

Procedure
1. The pictures below show different things that give off
light.
2. Write the name of these things in your notebook.



17


















3. Name other things that give off light aside from the
things presented. Write them down in your notebook.

Group your answers and write in the table below. Light
can come from natural or artificial sources. Natural
sources are those found in nature. Artificial sources are
those made by people. Do this in your notebook.

Natural sources of light Artificial sources of light



a. b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
18
Question
What is the difference between natural light from artificial
light?

Activity 2: Uses of Light

Objective
Identify uses of light
Materials
Pictures of a boy playing badminton and studying
Procedure

1. Examine the pictures below and answer the questions in
your notebook








a. What is the boy doing?
b. Why is he able to hit the shuttlecock?
c. What is the source of light that let him see the
shuttlecock?



19









d. What is the boy doing?
e. Why is he able to read the book?
f. What is the source of light that let him see the book?

Question
Are there other uses of light? Name some of them.


Activity 3: Safety in Using Light

Objective
Identify the proper ways of using light

Materials
Sunglass, umbrella

Procedure

1. Look at the pictures below.
20
2. Put a on the box if it is a good practice and put a if it
is not. Do this in your notebook.




















Question
How do you feel wearing sunglass during summertime?
What is the use of this?



Using sunglasses
Reading in the dark Using umbrella
Looking directly at the
sun
21
Activity 4: Sources of Heat

Objective
Identify the things that give off heat

Materials
sun, kettle with boiling water , electric toaster, lighted
charcoal

Procedure
1. The pictures below show different things that give off heat.
Write the name of these things in your notebook.

















a. b.
c. d.
e. f.
22
Question
Do you have appliances at home that give off heat and /or
light ? Name them.

Activity 5: Uses of Heat

Objective
Describe uses of heat.

Material
Pictures showing uses of heat

Procedure
Look at the pictures. Describe how heat is used in each
picture. Write your answer in your notebook.
Activity Source of heat How is heat used















a.
b.
23












Question
What are the other uses of heat?


c.
d.
e.
24
Activity 6: Safety in Using Heat

Objective
Identify the proper ways of handling hot objects.

Materials
Gloves, pictures of hot food, gas flame,
kettle with boiling water

Procedure

1. Examine the pictures below.
2. Put a on the box if it is a good practice and
put a if it is not. Do this in your notebook.
















Using gloves to handle
hot food
Turning off the flame of
the gas after use

a. b.
c.
d.
Touching hot objects

Staying under
the sun
25
Chapter 3: Sounds
This Chapter deals with the sources of sounds, ways of
producing sounds, and appreciating the importance of
sounds.

Lesson : Sources of Sounds
Activity 1: Sounds around Me

Objective
Identify the various sources of sounds.

Materials
pictures of objects having various sounds

Procedure
1. Sit quietly and listen to the sounds around you.
2. Copy the table below in your notebook. Write the
sounds heard and objects that produced the sound
in your notebook.

Sounds heard What object produces
the sounds?
1. Kring Kring phone
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

26
Question
Have you experienced hearing different sounds like music,
blowing of horn, voice of your classmates and sounds of
different animals?


Activity 2: Ways of producing sound

Objective
Describe ways of producing sound.

Materials
maracas guitar drum/box whistle

Procedure
1. Make the drum, guitar, maracas and whistle produce
sound.

2. Write on the table below what you did to make them
produce sound. Do this in your notebook.


Object
What I did to make it
produce sound







Maracas

27






Drum




Guitar



Question
Can you play other musical instruments aside from the
ones presented? How?

Activity 3: Make your own kazoo!

Objectives
1. Make an improvised kazoo; and
2. Describe how sound is produced using a kazoo

Materials
cardboard or tube from tissue paper
paper waxed paper
rubber band a sharp pointed object

Procedure
1. Place a small square piece of waxed paper on the end of
the cardboard tube. Secure it tightly with a rubber band.
Poke a hole through the tube with a sharp object.
28
2. Hum through the kazoo. Feel the end of the kazoo with
your fingertips.

3. Discover what happens when you cover the end of the
tube with your hand. Then, cover the little hole in the tube.
Have fun with your kazoo!









Question
Did you have fun blowing your Kazoo? Why?


Activity 4: Uses of Sounds

Objectives
1. Describe uses of sounds; and
2. Appreciate the importance of sound.

Materials
Pictures of ambulance vehicle, fire truck, church with
bell, Real alarm clock, doorbell.

29
Procedure
1. Look at the pictures. Describe the use of sound in each
picture. Do this in your notebook.

























a. What is the use of the
sound of an ambulance?

b. What is the use of the
sounds produced by the
two girls?

c. What is the use of the
sound of the radio?

d. What is the use of the
sound of a whistle?

e. What is the use of the
sound of the alarm clock?

f. What is the use of
the sound of the fire
truck?

30












Question
What other things aside from those presented in this
activity produce interesting sounds?


Chapter 4: Electricity
This Chapter deals with the sources of electricity, uses or
importance in our lives and the safety measures on using
electricity.

Lesson 1: Sources of Electricity
Activity 1: Our appliances at home

Objective
1. Classify objects that operate using battery or when
plugged in outlets.
2. Identify various sources of electricity; and
3. Describe the different sources of electricity.
g. What is the use of the
sound of the bell in
church?

h. What is the use of
the sound of the
doorbell?

31
Materials
computer , electric fan, television
cellphone, toy car, flashlight, radio

Procedure
1. Look at the pictures. Classify them into objects that
operate using battery, when plugged in an electrical
socket or both. Do this in your notebook.





















computer mobile phone
electric fan
toy car
flashlight
television
electric oven
radio
32
2. Group the objects in the table below.
Battery
Plug in electrical
outlet
Battery and Plug
in electrical outlet


Question
Do you have appliances at home which are operated both
with battery and electricity? How do you use them?


Activity 2: Uses of Electricity

Objective
Describe the uses of electricity.

Materials
electric stove, water heater, electric fan, television,
cellphone, toy car

Procedure
1.The pictures show some objects that use electricity. Use the
words in the box to complete the sentences. Do this in your
notebook.






cook boil cool
light move sound
entertainment communication
33

a. Electricity is used in an
electric stove to ________
food.
b. Electricity is used in an
electric kettle to ________
water.
c.
Electricity is used in an
electric fan to ________ us.
d.
Electricity is used in a
television to give us ______.
e. Electricity is used in mobile
phones for ___________.


f. Electricity is used in
refrigerator to _____ food.
34
g. Electricity is used in a bulb
to _______ a house.
h. Electricity is used in a toy
car to make it _______.
i. Electricity is used in radio to
make _________.

Question
What are the other household appliances you have at
home? Name their uses.

Activity 3: Using Electricity Safely

Objective
Identify the proper use of electricity in electrical
devices.
Material
electrical outlet and electric fan
35

Procedure
1. Look at the pictures below.
2.Put a on the box if it is a proper use of electricity or
electrical devices and put a if it is not. Do this in your
notebook.



















Questions
Do you have extension outlet at home or in school? How do
you use it?

Inserting other objects in
an electrical outlet
Touching a switch
with a wet hand
Removing plug of
electrical devices when
not in use
Inserting too many devices
into one extension cord