Karakus et al.

Chemistry Central Journal 2011, 5:43

http://jo u rnal.chemist rycentral.co m /content/5/1/ 43
! " ! # C $ # % & C ' ! (pen
#ccess
# kinetic stu)y o* mercury+&&, transport throu-h a
mem.rane assiste) .y ne/ transport rea-ent
0ehmet Karakus
1
, $am1a Korkma1 #lpo-u1
12
, #hmet Kaya
1
, 3urcan #car
2
, #hmet (rhan 45r-6l6
3
an)
0usta*a #rslan
3,4
#.stract
7ack-roun): # ne/ or-ano)ithiophosphorus )eri8ati8e, namely (9+1,397ispiperi)ino929propyl,949metho:y
phenyl)ithiophosphonate, /as synthesi1e) an) then the kinetic .eha8ior o* the transport process as a *unction o*
concentration, temperature, stirrin- rate an) sol8ents /as in8esti-ate).
esults: %he compoun) 1 /as characteri1e) .y elemental analysis, &,
1
$ an)
31
; 30 spectroscopies. %he
transport o* mercury+&&, ion .y a 1/itterionic )ithiophosphonate 1 in the li<ui) mem.rane /as stu)ie) an) the
kinetic .eha8ior o* the transport process as a *unction o* concentration, temperature, stirrin- rate an) sol8ents /as
in8esti-ate). %he compoun) 1 is e:pecte) to ser8e as a mo)el li<ui) mem.rane transport /ith mercury+&&, ions.
Conclusion: # kinetic stu)y o* mercury+&&, transport throu-h a mem.rane assiste) .y (9+1,397ispiperi)ino929propyl,9
49metho:y phenyl)ithiophosphonate /as per*orme). &t can .e conclu)e) that the compoun) 1 can .e pro8i)e) a
-eneral an) strai-ht*or/ar) route to remo8e to:ic metals ions such as mercury+&&, ion *rom /ater or other solution.
7ack-roun)
=ithiophosphorus =eri8ati8es ha8e .een a su.ject o*
intensi8e stu)y )ue to ha8in- an important role in me)i9
cine, a-ricultural an) in)ustrial application *iel)s in the
last )eca)es >1915?. %hey ha8e .een utili1e) as a))iti8es
in lu.ricant oils, sol8ent9e:traction rea-ents *or metals,
an) *lotation a-ents *or mineral ores, insectici)es an)
pestici)es >195?. @hile many )ithio)iphosphonates an)
their )eri8ati8es such as thiophoshonyl )isul*ane ha8e
.een synthesi1e) .y a rin- openin- reaction o* 'a/esson
rea-entAs or its analo-ues an) alcohols, 1/itterionic
)ithiophosphonate an) thiophoshonyl )isul*ane type
compoun)s are rare. =ithiophosphonates can .e o:i9
)i1e) to .is+thiophoshonyl,)isul*ane .y Cu+&&, ions or
io)ine >B?. ecently, a *e/ researches ha8e *ocuse) on
the 1/itterionic )ithiophosphonates >C?. =ithiophospho9
nates can .e o:i)i1e) to .is+thiophoshonyl,)isul*ane .y
Cu+&&, ions or io)ine >B?
&n this paper, /e reporte) the synthesis o* (9+1,397is9
piperi)ino929propyl,949metho:y phenyl)ithiophospho9
nate an) the kinetic .eha8ior o* the transport process as
2 Correspon)ence: hkalpo-u1Dpau.e ) u.tr
1
=epartment o* Chemistry, Eaculty o* #rts an) "ciences, ;amukkale
Fni8ersity, 2001B, =eni1li, %urkey
Eull list o* author in*ormation is a8aila.le at the en) o* the
article
G 2010 Karakus et al
a *unction o* concentration, temperature, stirrin- rate
an) sol8ents /as also in8esti-ate). %he compoun) 1
/as characteri1e) .y elemental analysis, & an)
1
$9
30 an)
31
;9 30 spectroscopies.
esults an) )iscussion
%he reaction o* 2,49.is+49metho:yphenyl,91,3,2,49)ithia9
)iphosphetane92,49)isul*i)e /ith 1,39.ispiperi)ino929
propanol -a8e rise to the *ormation 1 /hich /as pre9
8iously synthesi1e) +"cheme 1, >1C?. %he spectroscopic
)ata o* the compoun) 1 /as remaine). %he compoun)
/as o.taine) in hi-h yiel) an) /as characteri1e) .y ele9
mental analysis, &,
1
$930 an)
31
;930 spectrosco9
pies. #lthou-h )ithiophosphonates /ere usually
o.taine) as li<ui) pro)uct, the compoun) 1 /as
o.taine) as soli) pro)uct )ue to 1/itterionic character
in /hich the $ atom o* the initially *orme) ;9"$ -roup
trans*erre) to the piperi)ino -roup. %he & spectra o* 1
sho/e) its characteristic .an)s at CB1 cm
91
*or n+;",
asym
an) 54H cm
91
*or n+;",
sym
stretchin-s.
%he
1
$930 spectra o* 1 in)icate) that the phenyl
protons )isplaye) )ou.let at H.139H.0H ppm +
3
J
;$
I
14.1J $1, J
$$
I H.H1 $1, an) C.J09C.HB ppm +
4
J
;$
I
2.45 $1, J
$, $
I H.H1 $1,, respecti8ely. %he spectra
sho/e) the e:pecte) si-nals *or piperi)ino an)
layers. %he 8ariation o* the metal picrate concentration
/ith time /as )irectly measure) in .oth the )onor +C
)
,
an) acceptor +C
a
, phases. &n the e:periments, the 8aria9
tion o* picrate ion concentration /ith time /as )irectly
measure) in .oth )onor +C
)
, an) acceptor phases +C
a
,.
%he correspon)in- chan-e o* picrate ion concentration
in the mem.rane phase /as )etermine) *rom the mate9
rial .alance .et/een the phases.
Eor practical reasons, the )imensionless re)uce) con9
centrations /ere use):
"cheme 1 "ynthesis o* the carrier 1.
R I
C
d
d
C
d0
R I
C
m
m
C
d0
R I
C
a
a
C
d0
+1,
methylene protons. $o/e8er, the proton on 3 atom /as
not o.ser8e) in the spectra o*
1
$ 30. %he
31
;930
spectra o* 1 )isplaye) a <uartet at 112.B3 ppm .ecause
o* the couplin- /ith hy)ro-en nuclei an) the presence
o* t/o isomer in solution+see scheme 1,.
%ransport stu)ies
/here C
)0
is the initial mercury+&&, ion concentration
in the )onor phase, /hile C
)
, C
m
an) C
a
represents the
mercury+&&, ion concentration in )onor, mem.rane an)
acceptor phases, respecti8ely. %he material .alance /ith
respect to the re)uce) concentrations can .e e:presse)
as
)
K
m
K
a
I 1. Erom this e:pression, the kinetic
.eha8ior o* the consecuti8e irre8ersi.le *irst or)er reac9
tions can .e )escri.e) as *ollo/sL
k
1
k
2
&n our pre8ious report >1C?, the transport o* Cu+&&, ions
*rom a<ueous phase /as carrie) out .y usin- the com9
poun) 1 as the carrier. &n this /ork, the transport o*
mercury+&&, ion .y the 1/itterionic )ithiophosphonate 1
in the li<ui) mem.rane /as stu)ie) an) the kinetic
.eha8ior o* the transport process as a *unction o* con9
centration, temperature, stirrin- rate an) sol8ents /as
in8esti-ate).
%he mechanism o* the ion pair me)iate) transport
+co9transport, is -i8en in Ei-ure 1. ' represents the car9
rier 1. #t the inter*ace .et/een )onor an) mem.rane,
metal picrate ion pair *orms comple: /ith li-an), then
the >'0?
K
;ic
9
comple: )i**uses throu-h the mem.rane.
#t the inter*ace .et/een mem.rane an) acceptor, the
carrier ion pairs are )ecomple:e) an) 0
K
;ic
9
is li.er9
ate) into the acceptor phase. Einally, the li-an) carrier
)i**uses .ack across the mem.rane a<ueous .oun)ary
C
d
MN C
m
MN C
a
+2,
/here k
1
an) k
2
are the apparent mem.rane entrance
an) e:it rate constants, respecti8ely. %he kinetic scheme
*or consecuti8e reaction systems an) the kinetic para9
meters o* k
1
an) k
2
*rom the o.taine) )ata /ere calcu9
late) .y *ittin- e<uations as )escri.e) in the pre8ious
stu)ies >1B924?.
%he 8ariation o* the re)uce) concentration o* mercury
+&&, ion throu-h the li<ui) mem.rane /ith 1:10
94
0 o*
carrier 1 in C$Cl
3
at 300 rpm an) 25OC is presente) in
Ei-ure 2. %he o.ser8e) e:perimental results re8eal that

)
)ecreases e:ponentially /ith time, accompanie) .y a
1.0

)
0.8

m
Donor phase Liquid membrane Acceptor phase
d m
a
+ -
[LM] Pic
0.6
0.
+
-
M Pic
+
-
M Pic
0.!
0.0
L
0 100 !00 "00
t +min.,
Ei-ure 1 0echanism o* the ion pair me)iate) transport +co9
transport, throu-h li<ui) mem.rane 0: 0etal, ;ic: ;icrate salt,
': 'i-an), >'90?
K
;ic
9
: ion pair.
Ei-ure 2 %ime )epen)ence o*
)
,
m
, an)
a
*or transport o*
mercury+&&,. 0em.rane:1:10
94
0 o* carrier 1 in C$Cl
3
+2JH K an)
300 rpm,.
Karakus et al. Chemistry Central Journal 2011, 5:43
http://jo u rnal.chemist rycentral.co m /content/5/1/ 43
;a-e 2 o* C

simultaneous increase o*
a
, /hereas
m
presents a
ma:imum at interme)iate times.
-#.
-#.#
!**ect o* Carrier Concentration in 0em.rane on %ransport
-#.
o* 0ercury+&&, &ons
%he transport e:periments /ere carrie) out at three )i*9
*erent initial carrier 1 concentrations 1:10
9C
, 1 P 10
95
,
an) 1 P 10
94
0 in C$Cl
3
at 2JH K an) 300 rpm. %he
o.taine) kinetic parameters *or the e**ect o* concentra9
tion o* carrier 1 are presente) in %a.le 1. &t /as *oun)
-#.$
-#.8
-#.%
-6.0 k
1
that the initial carrier concentration in*luences the
kinetic constants, as /ell as *lu: 8alues an) the results
are in *ull a-reement /ith pre8iously o.taine) results
>1B924?. &t can .e seen that .oth kinetic constants k
1
an) k
2
or *lu:es are )epen)ent on the carrier concentra9
-6.1
-6.!
k
2
-1 -1" -1! -11 -10 -%
ln C
tion an) increases stea)ily /ith the initial carrier con9
centration as sho/n in Ei-ure 3. &n a))ition, a .lank
e:periment /as per*orme) /ith no present carrier in
the mem.rane. %here /as no e8i)ence o* the mo8ement
o* the mercury+&&, ions throu-h the li<ui) mem.rane in
the .lank e:periment. @hen the carrier /as utili1e), the
transport o* mercury+&&, ions throu-h the li<ui) mem9
.rane /as per*orme).
!**ect o* %emperature on %ransport o* 0ercury+&&,
&ons
%he e**ect o* temperature on the transport o* mercury
+&&, ions throu-h the li<ui) mem.rane containin- 1 P
10
94
0 o* carrier 1 in C$Cl
3
/as e:amine) at 2J3, 2JH,
303, an) 30H K +300 rpm,. %he e:perimental results are
collecte) in %a.le 2. &t is <uite o.8ious that k
1
an) k
2
increases /ith an increase in the temperature. %a.le 2
also sho/s that t
ma :
an)
m
ma :
)ecreases /ith an
increase o* temperature.
%he acti8ation ener-y /as calculate) *rom plot o* the
ma:imum mem.rane e:it *lu: +J
a
ma:
, 8ersus +1/%, at
300 rpm+!<uation 3,, as presente) in Ei-ure 4.
E
a

1

Ei-ure 3 Concentration )epen)ence o* k
1
an) k
2
*or transport
o* mercury+&&, /ith 1 +2JH K an) 300 rpm in C$Cl
3
,.
calculate) acti8ation ener-y *or carrier 1 sho/s that the
transport o* mercury+&&, ion is )i**usion9controlle)
processes.
!**ect o* "tirrin- ate on %ransport o* 0ercury+&&, &ons
%o achie8e e**ecti8e mercury+&&, transport, it is necessary
to e:plore the e**ect o* stirrin- spee) on the transport
process. &n the present in8esti-ation, the stirrin- rate o*
the mem.rane phase /as carrie) out at three )i**erent
stirrin- rate, 200, 300, an) 400 rpm at 2JH K /hen the
carrier 1 concentration /as 1 P 10
94
0 in C$Cl
3
. %he
results are -i8en in %a.le 3 an) in)icate that the stirrin-
rate a**ects the transport rate o* mercury+&&, throu-h the
li<ui) mem.rane. #ccor)in- to these results, the *lu:
increases /ith increasin- stirrin- rate )ue to )ecrease o*
the thickness o* the )i**usion .oun)ary layers at .oth
inter*aces o* the mem.rane.
!**ect o* "ol8ent on %ransport o* 0ercury+&&, &ons
ln +J, I ln +A, M
R T
+3, %he present /ork /as to in8esti-ate the physicochem9
ical approach to co9transport o* mercury+&&, transport
%he acti8ation ener-y 8alue *or carrier 1 in the li<ui)
mem.rane /as *oun) to .e 1.3C kcal/mol .y usin- the
e<uation 3. #s kno/n, acti8ation ener-y 8alues are <uite
lo/ *or )i**usion9controlle) processes, /hose rate con9
stants are stron-ly a**ecte) .y temperature >25?. &t /as
pointe) out that the acti8ation ener-ies o* )i**usion9con9
trolle) processes are lo/er than 10 kcal/mol >25?. %he
throu-h a li<ui) mem.rane c ontainin- c arrier 1
. %here*ore, the e**ect o* sol8ents on the transport pro9
cess /as stu)ie) un)er the same con)itions, an) the
results o.taine) /ith C$
2
Cl
2
an) CCl
4
are presente)
in %a.le 4, alon- /ith analo-ous results *or C$Cl
3
. &t
has .een o.ser8e) that the mem.rane entrance an)
e:it rate constants a re *oun) t o 8 ary i n t he o
r)er
%a.le 1 %he kinetic parameters *or mercury+&&, ions at )i**erent carrier 1 concentrations in C$Cl
3
+2JH K an) 300 rpm,
Concentration
k
1
:10
3
k
2
:10
3

m
ma:
t
ma:
ma:
) P 10
3
J
a
ma:
P 10
3
Q %ransport
l
n

k
J
+0, +min
91
, +min
91
, +min, +min
91
, +min
91
,
1 P 10
9C
3.H1 2.21 0.4B 340.1B 91.04 1.04 5B.5C
1 P 10
95
3.J5 2.C1 0.45 30J.3J 91.1C 1.1C 5H.JC
1 P 10
94
4.10 3.0B 0.42 2H0.BJ 91.2J 1.2J CB.C4
%a.le 2 %he kinetic parameters o* mercury+&&, transport usin- carrier 1 at )i**erent temperatures +"tirrin- rate is 300
rpmL sol8ent is C$Cl
3
,
%emperature
k
1
:10
3
k
2
:10
3

m
ma:
t
ma:
ma:
) P 10
3 ma:
a P 10
3
Q %ransport
C$
2
Cl
2
R C $ C l
3
R CCl
4
, a n) the 8 ariation o*

a
8alues is illustrate) in Ei-ure 5. %his sho/s that
the
a
8alues are stron-ly a**ecte) .y the mem.rane
sol9 8ent system, an) the hi-her transport e**iciency
/as o.ser8e) / ith C $
2
Cl
2
sol8 ent. %he e
**iciency o * C$
2
Cl
2
/ith respect to the
a
8alues
/as hi-her than o* C$Cl
3
an ) C Cl
4
, . ecause their
8 iscosity 8alues /ere in the re8erse or)er.
%he physicochemical properties o* the sol8ents are
-i8en in %a.le 5. %hese o.ser8ations su--est that 8iscos9
ity is playin- a major role in ion transport as /ell as the
polarity. %hus, /e ha8e sho/n that the nature o* the
mem.rane sol8ent is one o* the main *actors in esta.9
lishin- transport e**iciency.
Conclusion
# kinetic stu)y o* mercury+&&, transport throu-h a
mem.rane assiste) .y (9+1,397ispiperi)ino929propyl,9
49metho:y phenyl)ithiophosphonate /as per*orme).
%he kinetic .eha8ior o* the t ransport process as a
*unction o* concentration, temperature, stirrin- rate
an) sol8ents /as in8esti-ate). &t can .e conclu)e)
that )ithiophosphorus )eri8ati8es can .e pro8i)e) a
-ene ra l an ) s tra i-ht*or/a r) route to remo8e to:
ic me tals ions such as mercury+& &, ion *rom / ater
or other solution.
!:perimental
"ol8ents /ere purchase) *rom 0erck an) )istille)
.e*ore use. 2,49.is+49metho:yphenyl,91,3,2,49)ithia)i9
phosphetane92,49)isul*i)e +'a/essonAs rea-ent, /ere
o.taine) *rom #l)rich. 1,397ispiperi)ino929propanol /as
synthesi1e) .y the metho)s -i8en in the literature >2C?.
1
$930 spectra /ere o.taine) in chloro*orm /ith a
7ruker9=;S 400 E%30 spectrometer. & spectra /as
recor)e) on a 0attson 1000 E%& spectrometer usin-
K7r pellets in the ran-e o* 40009400 cm
91
. 0eltin-
points /ere )etermine) /ith a 4allenkamp apparatus
/ithout uncorrecte).
'i<ui) 0em.rane %ransport !:periments
%he chemical rea-ents use) in these e:periments /ere
mercury+&&, nitrate, )ichloromethane, chloro*orm, car9
.on tetracholori)e an) picric aci) o.taine) *rom 0erck.
0ercury+&&, picrate solution /as prepare) .y the a))i9
tion o* a 1 P 10
92
0 mercury+&&, nitrate to a 2.5 P 10
95
0 a<ueous picric aci) solution an) shaken at 25OC *or 1
hour. %he a<ueous solutions /ere prepare) usin- )emi9
neralise) /ater.
Kinetic ;roce)ure
0ercury+&&, ion transport e:periments /ere con)ucte)
usin- a thermostate) +4ran) mark, mo)el @14, 4rants
&nstruments, Cam.ri)-e, !n-lan), apparatus. %ransport
6.$0
6.68
6.66
#n or-anic solution +20 m', containin- the carrier 1
/as place) in the .ottom o* the cell an) t/o portions o*
a<ueous )onor an) acceptor solutions +10 m', /ere
care*ully a))e) on top o* them. 7oth sur*ace areas /ere
6.6
6.6!
6.60
spee)s ma-netically +Chiltern mark, mo)el $" 31,. %he
initial phases consiste) o* the )onor phase, an a<ueous
mercury+&&, picrate +2.5 P 10
95
0, solution, /hile the
mem.rane phase /as ma)e up .y )issol8in- carrier 1
6.#8
6.#6
".! ".!6 ".!8 "."0 "."! "." "."6 "."8 ".0
".!
phase consiste) o* )ou.ly )istille) /ater. "amples /ere
taken *rom .oth /ater phases +acceptor an) )onor
3 91
+1/%,.10 +K ,
mem.rane. 0em.rane: 1 P 10
94
0 o* carrier 1 in C$Cl
3
at 300 rpm.
concentration /as analy1e) .y a spectrophotometric
/ere per*orme) .y an FT9Tis "pectrometer "hima)1u
+K, +min
91
, +min
91
, +min, +min
91
, +min
91
,
2J3 4.03 2.02 0.50 343.45 91.2C 1.2C 52.H0
2JH 4.10 3.0B 0.42 2H0.BJ 91.2J 1.2J CB.C4
303 4.1H 3.20 0.41 2B2.HH 91.34 1.34 B0.1C
30H 4.25 3.4B 0.40 2C0.01 91.41 1.41 B3.52
J
J
m
a
:
9
l
n
+
J
a







,
%a.le 3 %he kinetic parameters o* mercury+&&, transport usin- carrier 1 at )i**erent stirrin- rates +% I 2JH KL sol8ent is
C$Cl
3
,
"tirrin- ate
k
1
:10
3
k
2
:10
3

m
ma:
t
a:
ma:
) P 10
3
J
a
ma:
P 10
3
Q %ransport
%a.le 4 %he kinetic parameters *or mercury+&&, transport usin- carrier 1 /hen )i**erent sol8ents are use) +2JH K an)
300 rpm,
"ol8ent k
1
:10
3
k
2
:10
3

m
ma:
t
ma:
ma:
) P 10
3
J
a
ma:
P 10
3
Q %ransport
1C0#. !ach e:perimental result reporte) is the arith9
metic mean o* t/o in)epen)ent measurements.
( 9 +1,397ispiperi)ino929propyl, 9 49
metho:yphenyl)ithiophosphonate +1,
2,497is +metho:yphenyl91,3,2,49 )ithia)iphosphetane92,49
)isul*i)e +'a/essonAs rea-ent, +0.HJ -, 2.21 mmol, /as
reacte) /ith 1,39.ispiperi)ino929propanol +1 -, 4.42
mmol, in .en1ene +5 m',. %he mi:ture /as re*lu:e) *or
20930 minutes. %he pro)uct /as o.taine) as oran-e
soli). %he oran-e soli) /as *iltere), )rie) in air an)
recrystallise) *rom C$Cl
3
. %he yiel) is 1.35 - +B2Q, an)
): H.139H.0H +)), 2 $,
3
J
;$
I 14.1J $1, J
$$
I H.H1 $1,,
C.J09C.HB +)), 2 $,
4
J
;$
I 2.45 $1, J
$$
I H.H1 $1,, 5.3C9
5.30 +m, 1 $, (C$,, 3.H1 +s, 3 $, (C$
3
,, 3.0392.JJ +m,
H $, orto protons to 3 on the piperi)ino rin-,, 2.J19
2.HC +m, 4 $, .ri)-e methylene $,, 1.H291.BB +m, H $,
meta protons to 3 on the piperi)ino rin-,, 1.5C91.53 +m,
4 $, para protons to 3 on the piperi)ino rin-,.
31
;9
30 +C=Cl
3
,, ): 112.B3 +<, )ue to the couplin- /ith
hy)ro-en nuclei an) the presence o* t/o isomer in solu9
tion,+see scheme 1,.
%a.le 5 ;hysicochemical characteristic o* sol8ents use)
mp:1BH91H0OC. !lemental #nalysis Calc. *or ;hysi
coche
mical
;rop
ertie
s
C$
Cl
C$Cl
+rpm, +min
91
, +min
91
, +min, +min
91
, +min
91
,
200 4.03 1.0H 0.C2 44C.3B 90.CB 0.CB 30.12
300 4.10 3.0B 0.42 2H0.BJ 91.2J 1.2J CB.C4
400 4.33 4.J1 0.35 220.JH 91.CJ 1.CJ B0.B2
J
J
+min
91
, +min
91
, +min, +min
91
, +min
91
,
C$
2
Cl
2
4.51 C.12 0.31 1HJ.C1 91.J2 1.J2 HJ.B2
C$Cl
3
4.10 3.0B 0.42 2H0.BJ 91.2J 1.2J CB.C4
CCl
4
3.4J 0.41 0.B5 CJ4.HC 90.31 0.31 1C.C4
CCl
C
20
$
33
3
2
(
2
;"
2
: C, 5C.04L $, B.BCL 3, C.53L ",
14.JC. Eoun): C, 55.H0L $, B.52L 3, C.0L ", 14.5H. &
+cm
91
,:
1035 n+;9(9C,, CB1 n+;",, 54H n+;",.
1
$930 +C=Cl
3
,,
2 2 3 4
1.0
0.8
C$Cl
3
C$
2
Cl
2
CCl
4
U
0
: )ielectric constant +20OC,L n
=
: re*racti8e in)e: +20OC,L V: )ipole moment +=,L
h: 8iscosity +c;,L Tm: molar 8olume +0
91
,.
0.6
0.
0.!
0.0 0 100 !00 "00
t +min.,
Ei-ure 5 %ime 8ariation o* re)uce) concentrations o* mercury
+&&, in the acceptor phase )urin- co9transport throu-h li<ui)
mem.rane usin- o* carrrier 1 in )i**erent sol8ents at a stirrin-
rate o* 300 rpm.
Ei-ure C 7ulk li<ui) mem.rane apparatus *or transport o*
mercury+&&, ionsL ), )onor phaseL a, acceptor phaseL m,
mem.rane phase.
U
0
J.0H 4.H1 2.24
n
=
1.424 1.44C 1.4CC
V 1.J5J 1.354 0
h 0.43B 0.5H 0.JCJ
T
m
C4.2 JC.5 JC.5

a
#ckno/le)-ements
%his /ork /as supporte) .y %F7&%#K 4rant 3o: %7#49$=/123 +10C%034,.
#uthor )etails
1
=epartment o* Chemistry, Eaculty o* #rts an) "ciences, ;amukkale
Fni8ersity, 2001B, =eni1li, %urkey.
2
=epartment o* Chemistry, Eaculty o*
"cience, #nkara Fni8ersity, %an)o-an, 0C100, #nkara, %urkey.
3
=epartment o*
Chemistry, Eaculty o* #rts an) "ciences, Eirat Fni8ersity, 231CJ, !la1i-, %urkey.
4
Wil)i1 %echnical Fni8ersity, !)ucation Eaculty, &stan.ul9%urkiye.
#uthorsA contri.utions
0K has coor)inate) the stu)y an) characteri1ation o* the compoun) 1. 3#
carrie) out the synthesis o* the compoun) 1. $K# an) #K carrie) out the
kinetic stu)ies an) participate) in the )esi-n o* the stu)y. #(4 an) 0#
carrie) ot the synthesis o* the startin- metarials. #ll authors ha8e rea) an)
appro8e) the *inal manuscript.
Competin- interests
%he authors )eclare that they ha8e no competin- interests.
ecei8e): 1 #pril 2011 #ccepte): 15 July 2011 ;u.lishe): 15 July 2011
e*erences
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(* >+C
5
$
5
,Ee+C
5
$
5
,Ee+C
5
$
4
;"
2
(C$
2
C
C
$
4
3
3
,
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)oi:10.11HC/1B529153S95943
Cite this article as: Karakus et al.: # kinetic stu)y o* mercury+&&, transport
throu-h a mem.rane assiste) .y ne/ transport rea-ent. Chemistry
Central Journal 2011 5:43.
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