Prezumia de nevinovie ca dovad a

occidentalizrii dreptului romnesc

Sensuri i aplicaii n dreptul naional i comparat


Cuvinte cheie : occidentalizare , Declaraia Universal a Drepturilor Omului , sistem
european, simboluri occidentale ,gravitate de imparialitate, , exponent de ideologie , vechiul cod
,noul cod , occidentalizare gradual .

Rezumat



Ideea nevinoviei persoanei, ct vreme nu s-a pronunat mpotriva sa o hotrre
judectoreasc de condamnare, i are origini destul de ndeprtate, cobornd pn la Magna
Charta Libertatum (1215). O statuare semnificativ a acestei prezumii este relevat ns numai
de epoca modern, odat cu nscrierea ei n documentele politico-juridice de drept internaional
relative la drepturile omului.
Principiul prezumiei de nevinovie este proclamat de art.11 din Declaraia Universal a
Drepturilor Omului (adoptat de Adunarea General a ONU la 10 decembrie 1948). Acelai
principiu este statuat i de art.6 alin.2 din Convenia European a Drepturilor Omului, text
conform cruia Orice persoan acuzat de vreo infraciune este prezumat nevinovat pn ce
vinovia sa va fi legal stabilit. n baza acestui articol, Curtea European a Drepturilor Omului
a stabilit n nenumrate rnduri faptul c o persoan nu poate fi considerat vinovat n sensul
legii penale, cu toate repercusiunile ce decurg de aici, fr existena unei hotrri definitive de
condamnare. Aadar, prezumia de nevinovie subzist pn la rmnerea definitiv a hotrrii
judectoreti prin care se constat contrariul.
Prezumia de nevinovie st la baza tuturor garaniilor procesuale legate de protecia
persoanei n procesul penal, inclusiv n ceea ce privete dreptul la imagine al persoanei pn n
momentul n care urmare dovedirii corecte a mprejurrilor de fapt i aplicarea judicioas a
normei de drept se stabilete cu certitudine vinovia acesteia.
Actuala Constituie a Romniei consacr acest principiu n art.23 pct.11, artndu-se c,
,,pn la rmnerea definitiv a hotrrii judectoreti de condamnare, persoana este considerat
nevinovat. Lucrarea de fa i propune un demers n a dovedi ideea de occidentalizare
gradual a sistemului juridic din Romnia prin a aduce n prim-plan acest principiu consacrat n
art. 4 din Noul Cod de Procedur Penal. Coroborarea aceluiasi principiu cu formele sale
similare din reglementarea unor ri precum Frana , Anglia i altor ,, simboluri occidentale
face din aceast lucrare o tez ampl de argumente filosofice , sociologice, juridice prin care se
ncearc o demonstraie succint a promovrii drepturilor europene si universale n Romnia .



Presumption of innocence as proof of the
Westernization of Romanian law
meanings and applications in the national and comparative law

Keywords: westernization, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the european system,
western symbols, severity of impartiality, exponent of ideology, the old code, the new code
gradual westernization.

Summary

The idea of innocence of the person , since no pronounced against him a judgment of conviction
has its origins quite far , down to the Magna Charta Libertatum (1215 ) But this assumption is
revealed only modern era , with its inclusion in the political and legal documents of international
law relating to human rights.
The presumption of innocence is proclaimed by article 11 of the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights (adopted by the UN General Assembly on 10 December 1948 ) . The same principle is
stated and article 6 , paragraph 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights , text that states:
" Any person charged with a crime is presumed innocent until proved guilty according to legally
establishement" . Under this Article, the European Court of Human Rights has held repeatedly
that a person cannot be considered " guilty " for the purposes of criminal law, with all the
implications arising from this , without the existence of a final judgment of conviction.
Therefore, the presumption of innocence subsists until a final judgment stating otherwise.
The presumption of innocence is the basis of all procedural safeguards for the protection of the
person in criminal proceedings, including the right image of the person until the result of proving
the facts correct and judicious application of the rule of law establish with certainty its guilt .
The Constitution of Romania enshrine this principle in article 23 , section 11 , showing that ,
,,Until a final judgment of conviction is passed , the person is presumed innocent ." This study
aims to prove the idea of gradual Westernization of the legal system in Romania by bringing to
the fore the principle enshrined in article 4 of the New Code of Criminal Procedure.
Corroborating the same principle with its similar forms regulations to countries such as France,
England and other , western symbols " make this study a broad thesis of philosophical ,
sociological and legal arguments in the attempt of a brief demonstration to promote european
and universal rights Romania .