ME2302 DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY - NOV/DEC 2010 Question Pae!

Anna "ni#e!sit$
%&E&/%&'e()& DE*REE E+AMINA'ION, NOVEM%ER/DECEM%ER 2010
Fi-t) Se.este!
Me()ani(a/ En0inee!in0
ME 2302 DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
1Re0u/ation 20023
Time : Three hours
Maximum : 100 Marks
Ans4e! A55 6uestions
PAR' A 110 7 2 8 20 Ma!9s3
1. Distinguish between crank effort and piston effort.
2. Define co-efficient of fluctuation of energ.
!. "hen is a sstem said to be completel balanced#
$. %ame the efforts caused b the unbalanced primar force acting along the line of stroke due to
partial balancing of locomoti&es.
'. %ame the tpes of motion exhibited b criticall damped or o&er damped &ibrating sstems.
(. Define logarithmic decrement.
). Define transmissible.
*. "hen does resonance take place in a sstem#
+. "hen is a go&ernor said to be ,sochronous#
10. "hen is a go&ernor said to be stable#
PAR' % 1: 7 1; 8 20 Ma!9s3
11. -a. The lengths of crank and connecting rod of hori/ontal steam engine are !00 mm and 1.2
m respecti&el. "hen the crank has mo&ed !00 from the inner dead center1 the acceleration of
piston is !' m2s2. The a&erage frictional resistance to the motion of piston is e3ui&alent to a
force of ''0 % and net effecti&e steam pressure on piston is '00 k%2m2. The diameter of piston
is 0.! m and mass of reciprocating parts is 1(0 kg. Determine -i. 4eaction on the cross-head
guides5 -ii. Thrust on the crankshaft bearings5 and -iii. Tor3ue on the crank shaft. 6Marks 1(7
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-b. The tor3ue deli&ered b two-stroke engine is represented b T 9 -1000 : !00 sin 2# ; '00
cos 2# . %.m "here # is the angle turned b the crank from the inner-dead center. The engine
speed is 2'0 rpm. The mass of the flwheel is $00 kg and radius of gration $00 mm. Determine
-i. the power de&eloped5 -ii. the total percentage fluctuation of speed5 -iii. the angular
acceleration of flwheel when the crank has rotated through an angle of (00 from the inner-dead
center5 and -i&. the maximum angular acceleration and retardation of the flwheel. 6Marks 1(7
12. -a. < shaft carries four rotating masses <1 =1 > and D in this order along its axis. The mass of
=1 > and D are !0 kg1 '0 kg and $0 kg respecti&el. The planes containing = and > are !0 cm
apart. The angular spacing of the planes containing > and D are +00 and 2100 respecti&el
relati&e to = measured in the same sense. ,f the shaft and masses are to be in complete dnamic
balance1 find -i. the mass and the angular position of mass <5 and -ii. the position of planes <
and D. 6Marks 1(7
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-b. The firing order in a ( clinder &ertical four stroke engine in-line engine is 1-$-2-(-!-'. The
piston stroke is 100 mm and the length of each connecting rod is 200 mm. The pitch distances
between the clinder center lines are 100 mm1 100 mm1 1'0 mm1 100 mm1 and 100 mm
respecti&el. The reciprocating mass per clinder is 1 kg and the engine runs at !000 rpm.
Determine the out-of-balance primar and secondar forces and couples on this engine1 taking a
plane midwa between the clinder ! and $ as the reference plane. 6Marks 1(7
1!. -a. Determine: -i. the critical damping co-efficient1 -ii. the damping factor1 -iii. the natural
fre3uenc of damped &ibrations1 -i&. the logarithmic decrement and -&. the ratio of two
consecuti&e amplitudes of a &ibrating sstem which consists of a mass of 2' kg1 a spring of
stiffness 1' k%2m and a damper. The damping pro&ided is onl 1'? of the critical &alue. 6Marks
1(7
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-b. < shaft of length 1.2' m is )' mm in diameter for the first 2)' mm of length1 12' mm in
diameter for the next '00 mm length1 *).' mm in diameter for the next !)' mm length and 1)'
mm in diameter for the remaining 100 mm of its length. The shaft carries two rotors at two ends.
The mass moment of inertia of the first rotor is )' kgm2 whereas of the second rotor is '0 kgm2.
@ind the fre3uenc of natural torsional &ibrations of the sstem. The modulus of the rigidit of
the shaft material ma be taken as *0 A%2m2. 6Marks 1(7
1$. -a. < bod ha&ing a mass of 1' kg is suspended from a spring which deflects 12 mm under
weight of the mass. Determine the fre3uenc of the free &ibrations. "hat is the &iscous damping
force needed to make the motion a periodic at a speed of 1 mm2s# ,f1 when damped to this extent1
disturbing force ha&ing a maximum &alue of 100 % and &ibrating at ( B/ is made to act on the
bod1 determine the amplitude of the ultimate motion. 6Marks 1(7
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-b. < machine supported smmetricall on four springs has a mass of *0 kg. The mass of the
reciprocating parts is 2.2 kg which mo&e through a &ertical stroke of 100 mm with simple
harmonic motion. %eglecting damping1 determine the combined stiffness of the springs so that
the force transmitted to the foundation is 1220th of the impressed force. The machine crankshaft
rotates at *00 rpm. ,f1 under actual working conditions1 the damping reduces the amplitudes of
successi&e &ibrations b !0?1 find: -i. the force transmitted to the foundation at *00 rpm1 and -ii.
the force transmitted to the foundation at resonance. 6Marks 1(7
1'. -a. The turbine rotor of a ship has a mass of 2.2 tonnes and rotates at 1*00 rpm clockwise
when &iewed from the aft. The radius of gration of the rotor is !20 mm. Determine the
groscopic couple and its effect when -i. The ship turns right at a radius of 2'0 m with a speed of
2' km2h.1 -ii. The ship pitches with the bow rising at an angular &elocit of 0.* rad2s.1 and -iii.
The ship rolls at an angular &elocit of 0.1 rad2s. 6Marks 1(7
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-b. The following particulars refer to a pro-ell go&ernor with open arms: Cength of all arms 9
200 mm1 distance of pi&ot of arms from the axis of rotation 9 $0 mm1 length of extension of
lower arms to which each ball is attached 9100 mm1 mass of each ball 9 (kg and mass of the
central load 9 1'0 kg. ,f the radius of rotation of the balls is 1*0 mm when the arms are inclined
at an angle of $00 to the axis of rotation1 find the e3uilibrium speed for the abo&e configuration.
6Marks 1(7