Determination of temperature of outer surface of a pipe when there is no water flow and when the inner surface of the

pipe is insulated
Atmospheric temperature t
atm
40
Peak solar radiation E 1000
Emissivity 0.85
Pipe size D
o
610
Thickness of the pipe t 5.8
Pipe inside diameter D
i
598.4
Pipe outer surface area considering unit length A
o
1.9154
Equilibrium temperature of the pipe outer surface t
e
67
heat transfer coefficient of the pipe outer surface (h
0
)
h=1.32(T/D)
1/4
h=1.24(T/D)
1/3
Total radiation incident on pipe surface E XD
0
X 1 610
radiation absorbed by the pipe surface Q=E XDO X1X 518.5
Radiation Heat Loss from the Pipe Surface Q
1
Q
1
=A
o
*(t
e
+273)
4
-(t
atm
+273)
4
] 347.5974864
Convective heat loss from the outer surface of the pipe Q
2
Q
2
=h X A
o
X(t
e
-t
atm
) 176.0782287
Considering the inner surface of the pipe as insulated i.e no loss for conduction,
at Equillibrium
Q=Q
1
+Q
2
Q1+Q2 523.6757151
HENCE,SKIN TEMP WIILL BE ,say=67 DEG C
Determination of temperature of outer surface of a pipe when there is no water flow and when the inner surface of the pipe is insulated
0
C
W/m
2
Stephen boltzman constant 5.67E-08 W/m
2
K
4
conductivity for carbon steel K 60.5 W/mK
mm IS 3589
mm
mm
m2
0
C
Assumed;by trial and error
3.404728 (for laminar flow) W/m2K (refre page no.202, Heat and Mass Transfer by C.P Arora)
4.331246 (for turbulent flow) W/m2K
W Considering the upper half of the pipe surface in absorbing the radiation
watts l
watts
(refre page no.202, Heat and Mass Transfer by C.P Arora)
Determination of temperature of outer surface of the pipe when water is not flowing and cosidering heat transfer also from inner surface
Atmospheric temperature t
atm
Peak solar radiation E
Emissivity
Pipe size D
o
Thickness of the pipe t
Pipe inside diameter D
i
Pipe outer surface area considering unit length A
o
Equilibrium temperature of the pipe outer surface t
e
heat transfer coefficient of the pipe outer surface (h
0
)
h=1.32(T/D)
1/4
h=1.24(T/D)
1/3
Total radiation incident on pipe surface E X D
0
X1
total radiation absorbed by pipe surface E XDoX1 X
Radiation heat loss from the outer surface Q
1
Q
1
=A
o
[(t
e
+273)
4
-(t
atm
+273)
4
]
convective heat loss from the outer surface of the pipe Q
2
Q
2
=h X A
o
X(t
e
-t
atm
)
Q=Q
1
+Q
2
412.9278823
Conduction heat loss 105.5721177
assume the temperature of inside surface of the pipe is t
i
61.9945
Conduction heat loss Q
cond
108.8396406
Now considering the Convection Heat transfer coefficient as h= h=1.32(T/D
i
)
1/4
h=1.24(T/Di)
1/3
Convection Heat loss from inner surface of the pipe is 107.4625195
Radiation heat loss+covection heat loss+conduction heat loss 521.7675229
HENCE,THE OUTSIDE SURFACE SKIN TEMP BECOMES 57 DEG C
Determination of temperature of outer surface of the pipe when water is not flowing and cosidering heat transfer also from inner surface
40
0
C
1000 W/m
2
Stephen boltzman constant
0.85 conductivity for carbon steel k
610 mm IS 3589
5.8 mm
598.4 mm
1.9154 m2
62
0
C
Assumed;by trial and error
3.234798 (for laminar flow) W/m2K (refre page no.202, Heat and Mass Transfer by C.P Arora)
4.048203 (for turbulent flow) W/m2K
610 W
518.5 W
Q
1
=A
o
[(t
e
+273)
4
-(t
atm
+273)
4
] 276.6174 W
136.3105 W
W
W
0
C
CONSIDERING NO FLOW THROUGH THE PIPE
W
3.250362 (for laminar flow) W/m2K
4.073934 (for turbulent flow) W/m2K
Assumed heat trasfer due to convection will be 80% due to confined area
Assmed no heat trasfer due to radiation from inside surface
5.67E-08 W/m
2
K
4
60.5 W/mK
(refre page no.202, Heat and Mass Transfer by C.P Arora)
Determination of temperature of the outer surface of a pipe when water is flowing through the pipe.
Atmospheric temperature t
atm
40
0
C
Peak solar radiation E 1000 W/m
2
Emissivity 0.85
Pipe size D
o
610 mm IS 3589
Thickness of the pipe t 5.8 mm
Pipe inside diameter D
i
598.4 mm
Pipe outer surface area considering unit length A
o
1.9154 m2
The temperature of water flowing inside the pipe t
w
32
0
C
radiation incident on the pipe surface Q=ED
0
518.5 watts
Equilibrium temperature of the pipe t
e
32.0333
0
C
Assumed;by trial and error
temperature of inner surface of the pipe is t
i
32
0
C
Heat loss due to the conduction from outer to inner surface
Q
cond
[2kL(t
e
-t
i
)/(ln(r
0
/r
i
)] 658.9746
Considering the convection as well as radiation loss from the atmosphere to pipe surface, we get
heat loss due to conduction from outer to inner surface=radiation incident on the pipe surface +covective heatgain from atmosphere+ rediative heat gain from atmosphere
convective heat transfer coefficient h=1.32(T/D
i
)
1/4
Refer Page No.202, Haet and Mass Transfer by Dr. C.P Arora
h=1.24(T/Di)
1/3
[2kL(t
e
-t
i
)/(ln(r
0
/r
i
)]=( ED
0
)+(2D
o
/2000) X(t
atm
+273)
4
-(t
e
+273)
4
)+hA
o
(t
atm
-t
e
)
648.2912051
HENCE,THE SKIN TEMP WILL BE 32.09DEG C ,say=33 DEG C
Determination of temperature of the outer surface of a pipe when water is flowing through the pipe.
Stephen boltzman constant 5.67E-08 W/m
2
K
4
conductivity for carbon steel k 60.5 W/mK
Assumed;by trial and error
heat loss due to conduction from outer to inner surface=radiation incident on the pipe surface +covective heatgain from atmosphere+ rediative heat gain from atmosphere
Refer Page No.202, Haet and Mass Transfer by Dr. C.P Arora