Code No: T0123/R07 Set No.

1
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April 2010
HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Derive an expression for the discharge through a channel by Chezys formula.
(b) Determine the dimensions of the most economical trapezoidal earth lined
Channel (Mannings n = 0.020) to carry 14 m
3
/s at a slope of 4 in 10,000.
[8+8]
2. Derive the dynamic equation for gradually varied ow. Explain the assumptions
made. [16]
3. The resisting torque T against the motion of a shaft in a lubricated bearing depends
on the viscosity , the rotational speed N the diameter D and the bearing pressure
intensity p. Show that T = ND
3

p
N

. [16]
4. A jet of water having a velocity of 60m/sec is deected by a vane moving at 25m/sec
in a direction at 30
0
to the direction of jet. The water leaves the vane normally to
the motion of the vane. Draw the inlet and outlet velocity triangles and nd out
the vane angles for no shock at entry and exit. Take the relative velocity at the
exit as 0.8 times the relative velocity at the entrance. [16]
5. A Pelton wheel working under a head of 500m has an overall eciency of 85% and
runs at 400 rpm, and developes 7000 kw of power. Taking the bucket speed as 0.47
times the jet speed and assuming Cv = 0.97, nd
(a) The wheel diameter and
(b) The jet diameter. [16]
6. (a) A model turbine 1m in diameter acting under a head of 2m runs at 150 rpm.
Estimate the scale ratio if the prototype develops 20 KW under a head of 225
m with a specic speed of 100.
(b) What are the physical indicators for the presence of cavitation in turbines?
[10+6]
7. (a) Explain the classication of centrifugal pumps.
(b) A centrifugal pump 20 cm diameter running at 1450 rpm delivers 0.1m
3
/s
against a head of 40 m with an eciency of 90%. Determine its specic speed.
Derive the formula you use. [8+8]
8. Write short notes on:
(a) Run-of river plants
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Code No: T0123/R07 Set No. 1
(b) Valley dam plants
(c) Diversion canal plants
(d) High head diversion plants. [16]

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Code No: T0123/R07 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April 2010
HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Show that relation between the alternate depths y
1
and y
2
in a rectangular
channel can be expressed by:
2Y
2
1
Y
2
2
(y
1
+ y
2
)
= Y
3
c
(b) A trapezoidal channel has a bed width of 5 m, side slopes of 1 upon 1.5
and Mannings n = 0.015. Compute the critical slope and the corresponding
discharge for a critical depth of 2 m. [8+8]
2. (a) Explain the criterion for critical state of ow. Derive the expression?.
(b) In a ow through a rectangular channel for a certain discharge the Froude
numbers corresponding to the alternate depths are F
1
and F
2
. Show that

F
1
F
2

2/3
=
(2+F
2
2
)
(2+F
2
1
)
. [8+8]
3. Assuming that the viscous force F exerted by a uid on a sphere of diameter D
depends on the viscosity , mass density of the uid , and the velocity of the
sphere , obtain and expression for the viscous force. [16]
4. A jet of water moving at 12m/sec impinges on vane shaped to deect the jet through
120
0
when stationary. If the vane is moving at 5m/sec, nd the angle of the jet so
that there is no shock at inlet. What is the absolute velocity of the jet at exit in
magnitude and direction and the work done per second? Assume that the vane is
smooth. [16]
5. A Pelton wheel working under a head of 500m has an overall eciency of 85% and
runs at 400 rpm, and developes 7000 kw of power. Taking the bucket speed as 0.47
times the jet speed and assuming Cv = 0.97, nd
(a) The wheel diameter and
(b) The jet diameter. [16]
6. (a) What are the requirements of a good surge tank so that the eciency of
hydropower installation is maximum?
(b) How is the Kaplan turbine governed? Explain with a neat diagram. [8+8]
7. (a) Draw a typical layout and explain the working of centrifugal pump. Also
indicate various components.
1 of 2
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Code No: T0123/R07 Set No. 2
(b) Explain the method of selection of centrifugal pumps through the character-
istic curves. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain the classication of hydroelectric power plants based on constructional
feature.
(b) Explain dierent layouts of diversion canal power plants. [8+8]

2 of 2
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Code No: T0123/R07 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April 2010
HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Derive the condition for depth of ow of a most economical circular channel
section subject to the condition for maximum velocity.
(b) Water ows in a channel of the shape of isosceles triangle of bed width aand
sides making an. angle of 45
0
with the bed. Determine the relation between
depth of ow d., and the bed width a for maximum velocity and for maximum
discharge condition. Use Mannings formula and note that d is less than 0.5
a. [8+8]
2. (a) Write down the uses of hydraulic jump
(b) Dene rapidly varied ow and gradually varied ow
(c) Derive the equation for specic energy curve. [4+4+8]
3. Assuming that the viscous force F exerted by a uid on a sphere of diameter D
depends on the viscosity , mass density of the uid , and the velocity of the
sphere , obtain and expression for the viscous force. [16]
4. (a) Find the expression for the force exerted by the jet on a at vertical plate
moving in the direction of the jet.
(b) A jet of diameter 150mm strikes a at plate normally with a velocity of
20m/sec. The plate is moving with a velocity of 5m/sec in the direction
of the jet and away from the jet. Find
i. The force exerted by the jet on the plate
ii. Wok done by the jet on the plate per second. [8+8]
5. A Francis turbine having an overall eciency of 75% is required to give 200kw
under a head of 9m when running at 120 rpm. The velocity of periphery of the
wheel and the velocity of ow at inlet are 3.47

H and 1.15

H respectively. If
the hydraulic losses in the turbine are 20% of the available energy, nd
(a) Guide blade angle at inlet
(b) Wheel vane angles at the inlet and out let and
(c) diameter of the wheel at inlet and outlet. [16]
6. (a) What are the conditions for the kinematic similarity to exist between model
and prototype?
(b) How do you compare the performance of a turbine under dierent working
conditions? [8+8]
1 of 2
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Code No: T0123/R07 Set No. 3
7. (a) Dene the terms:
i. Priming
ii. Manometric eciency
iii. Net positive suction head.
(b) A centrifugal pump running at 1220 rpm delivers 0.25 m
3
/s against a head
of 20m. Calculate the discharge, head and power if the speed is increased to
1440 rpm. [33=9+7]
8. (a) What is meant by ow duration curve and power duration curve? How do you
dierentiate these? How would you construct such curves?
(b) Why hour to hour or day to day uctuations occur in supply or demand to
the turbine? [8+8]

2 of 2
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Code No: T0123/R07 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April 2010
HYDRAULICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Explain the terms rapidly varied ow and gradually varied ow.
(b) A trapezoidal channel with side slopes of 1:1 has to be designed to convey 10
m
3
/s at a velocity of 2 m/s, so that the amount of concrete lining for the bed
and sides is the minimum.
i. Calculate the area of lining required for one metre length of the canal.
ii. If the Rugosity coecient n = 0.015, calculate the bed slope of the canal
for uniform ow. [8+8]
2. Discuss in detail about the classication of surface proles with neat sketches. [16]
3. (a) What do you mean by dimensionally homogenous equation? Give few exam-
ples.
(b) What is meant by hydraulic similarity between a model and prototype. [8+8]
4. A jet of water having a velocity of 60m/sec is deected by a vane moving at 25m/sec
in a direction at 30
0
to the direction of jet. The water leaves the vane normally to
the motion of the vane. Draw the inlet and outlet velocity triangles and nd out
the vane angles for no shock at entry and exit. Take the relative velocity at the
exit as 0.8 times the relative velocity at the entrance. [16]
5. Design a Pelton wheel for the following data.
(a) Gross head available = 170m
(b) Losses in penstock = 10% of gross head
(c) Power to be developed = 600 kw.
(d) Speed of the wheel = 360rpm
(e) Overall eciency = 86% Assume any missing data suitably. [16]
6. (a) A hydraulic turbine has an output of 6600 KW when it works under a head
of 25 m and runs at 100 rpm. What is the type of turbine. What would be
speed and power when it works under a head of 16m.
(b) What is the use of developing constant speed characteristic curves of a turbine?
[10+6]
7. (a) Why centrifugal pumps are less ecient as compared to turbines?
(b) A centrifugal pump has an impeller diameter 25 cms, outlet width 5 cms, 1100
rpm, working against a head of 11 m. Vane angle at outlet is 30
0
. Manometric
eciency = 90%. Calculate the discharge. [6+10]
1 of 2
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Code No: T0123/R07 Set No. 4
8. Write short notes on:
(a) Run-of river plants
(b) Valley dam plants
(c) Diversion canal plants
(d) High head diversion plants. [16]

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Code No: T0222

II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Regular/Supply Examinations, Apr- 2010

ELECTRICAL MACHINES - II
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks

1. a) Derive the EMF equation of a single phase transformer? Comment on different values of
transformation Ratio. (8M)
b) The approximate e.m.f/turn of 11000V/415V, 50Hz, 1- transformer core type
transformer is 15V, maximum flux density is 1.5tesla. Find suitable number of primary and
secondary turns and net cross sectional area of the core. (8M)

2. a) Explain various losses existing in transformer and hence derive the condition for
maximum efficiency of a transformer. (8M)
b) The maximum efficiency of 50 KVA transformer is 97.4% and occurs at 90% of the full
load. Calculate the efficiency of transformer at
( i) Full load, 0.8 power factor lagging
(ii) Half full load, 0.9 power factor lagging (8M)

3. a) From fundamentals, develop the neat diagram of approximate equivalent circuit of
transformer (8M)
b) A 10 KVA, 2000/400 V, 1- transformer has resistance and leakage reactance as follows
R
1
= 50; X
1
=12.5; R
2
=0.2; X
2
=0.5. Determine the secondary terminal voltage when
it is supplying rated current at 0.8 lagging factor. Neglect no-load current. (8M)

4. a) With neat phasor diagram, explain the voltage regulation of three-phase transformer.
(8M)
b) An ideal three phase step down transformer connected in delta/star delivers power to a
balanced 3-phase load of 120 kVA at 0.8 pf. The input line voltage is 11 kV and the turns
ratio of transformer (phase to phase) is 10. Determine the line voltage, line currents, phase
voltages, phase currents on both primary & secondary sides. (8M)

5. a) Explain the differences between squirrel cage and Slip ring Induction Motor. (8M)
b) The power input to a 3- Induction Motor is 100KW. The stator losses are equal to 2KW.
Find the mechanical power output and rotor copper losses; if the motor runs with a slip of
4%. Mechanical losses are equal to 2.5KW. (8M)





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