THE THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT AND THE CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS

THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH THE JUDICIAL BRANCH

MAIN FUNCTION
Enact, amend and repeal laws
Implements and
e!ec"tes t#e law
Interprets t#e
law
COMPOSITION
SENATE
$% Senat&rs
H'USE '(
RE)RESENT
$*+
mem,er
s-
$++ D.st Reps
*+ )art/0L.st
THE )RESIDENT
E!ec"t.1e p&wer s#all ,e
1ested .n t#e )res.dent &2 t#e
)#.l.pp.nes 3VII45
THE SU)RE6E C'URT
4 C#.e2 J"st.ce and 4%
Ass&c.ate J"st.ces
L'7ER C'URTS
T#e 8"d.c.al p&wer s#all
,e 1ested .n &ne
S"preme C&"rt and .n
s"c# l&wer c&"rts as
ma/ ,e esta,l.s#ed ,/
law
J"d.c.al p&wer
.ncl"des t#e d"t/ &2 t#e
c&"rts &2 8"st.ce t&
settle act"al
c&ntr&1ers.es .n1&l1.n9
r.9#ts w#.c# are le9all/
demanda,le and
en2&rcea,le, and t&
determ.ne w#et#er &r
n&t t#ere #as ,een a
9ra1e a,"se &2
d.scret.&n am&"nt.n9 t&
lac: &r e!cess &2
8"r.sd.ct.&n &n t#e part
&2 an/ ,ranc# &r
.nstr"mental.t/ &2 t#e
G&1ernment 3VIII45
QUALIFICATIONS
;* /rs &ld
nat"ral
,&rn
(.l.p.n&
c.t.<en
a,le t&
read and
wr.te
re9.stered
1&ter
res.dents
&2 R) 2&r
t#e last $
/rs ,e2&re
elect.&n
$* /rs
&ld
same
same
re9.stere
d 1&ter
.n t#e
d.str.ct
t#at #e
.s a
cand.dat
e
res.dent
.n t#e
d.str.ct
2&r t#e
last 4 /r
,e2&re
elect.&n
)RES AND VICE0)RES
at least %+ /ears &ld &n
t#e da/ &2 elect.&n
same
same
re9.stered 1&ter
R) res.dent 2&r at least
4+ /ears .mmed.atel/
pr.&r t& elect.&n
JUSTICES '( THE SC
At least %+ /ears
&ld
Same
4* /ears &r m&re
a 8"d9e &2 a
l&wer c&"rt &r
en9a9ed .n law
pract.ce
&2 pr&1en
c&mpetence,
.nte9r.t/, pr&,.t/
and
.ndependence
MANNER OF ELECTION TO OFFICE
Elected at lar9e D.str.ct
reps0
elected ,/
d.str.cts
)art/0l.st
reps0
T#e )res.dent and t#e V.ce0
)res.dent .s elected at
lar9e
T#e 8"st.ces &2 t#e
S"preme C&"rt and
t#e 8"d9es &2 t#e
l&wer c&"rts are
app&.nted ,/ t#e
)res.dent
elected t#r"
t#e )art/0
l.st s/stem
TERM OF OFFICE
S.! /ears term
&2 &=ce
6a!.m"m &2 $
c&nsec"t.1e
terms
; /ears
term
ma!.m"
m &2 ;
c&nsec"t
.1e
terms
)RESIDENT- s.! /ears
term n& re0elect.&n
VICE0)RESIDENT- s.!
/ears w.t# 4 re0elect.&n
.2 s"ccess.1e
T& #&ld &=ce
d"r.n9 9&&d
,e#a1.&r "nt.l
t#e/ reac# >+ /rs
&ld &r s&&ner
rem&1ed,
res.9ned &r
.ncapac.tated
Constitutional Bodies n?a Te !udi"ial And
Ba# Coun"il
Te Co$$ission on
A%%oint$ents&
Senate )res.dent as E!0
&=c.& C#a.r
4$ senat&rs?4$ Reps 3,as.s@
)r&p&rt.&nal repAn5
Te Ele"to#al T#i'unal-
S&le 8"d9e t& c&ntests relat.n9 t&
elect.&n, ret"rns and B"al.Ccat.&ns &2
all .ts respect.1e mem,ers
Senate H&"se &2 Reps
; 8"st.ces &2 t#e
SC
0SA6E0
D Senat&rs
Bas.s-
pr&p&rt.&nal
representat.&n
D C&n9ressmen
Bas.s-
pr&p&rt.&nal
representat.&n
Manne# o( Su""ession&
)* Va"an"+ at te
'e,innin, o( te#$&
)res.dent d.es- V) ,ec&mes
pres.dent
)res.dent 2a.ls t& B"al.2/?s#all
n&t #a1e ,een c#&sen- V) .s
ACTING pres.dent
N& )res?V) c#&sen?,&t# 2a.led
t& B"al.2/?,&t# #a1e d.ed &r
d.sa,led- Senate )res &r .n #.s
.na,.l.t/ t#e Spea:er0ACTING
pres.dent "nt.l )res?V) .s
elected
EIn t#e e1ent t#e &2 .na,.l.t/
&2 t#e a2&rement.&ned
&=c.als, c&n9ress #all ,/ law
pr&1.de t#e manner .n w#.c#
t#e &ne t& act as )res?V)
s#all ,e selected
-* .a"an"+ du#in, te
te#$&
deat#?permanent
d.sa,.l.t/?rem&1al?res.9nat.&n
&2 t#e )res0VP becomes Pres
deat#?permanent
d.sa,.l.t/?rem&1al?res.9nat.&n
&2 t#e )res and V)0 Senate
)res &r .n #.s .na,.lt./ t#e
Spea:er0ACTING pres.dent
"nt.l )res?V) .s
elected?B"al.Ced
EIn t#e e1ent t#e &2 .na,.l.t/
&2 t#e a2&rement.&ned
&=c.als, c&n9ress #all ,/ law
pr&1.de t#e manner .n w#.c#
t#e &ne t& act as )res?V)
s#all ,e selected
To recommend
appointees to the
Judiciary and may
exercise functions
as may be assigned
by the SC.
C#.e2 J"st.ce
as E!0&=c.&
C#a.rman
Representat.1
e &2 C&n9ress
Representat.1
e &2 t#e IB)E
)r&2ess&r &2
lawE
Ret.red
mem,er &2
t#e SCE
Representat.1
e &2 t#e
pr.1ate
sect&rE
Cler: &2 t#e
SC as e!0
&=c.&
secretar/
E re9"lar mem,ers,
app&.nted ,/ )res (&r
% /r term w? c&nsent &2
t#e CA FVII-G3$5H
INTERNAL '((ICERS-
SENATE H'USE '( RE)S
Senate )res.dent Spea:er &2 t#e
H&"se
E AND &t#er &=cers t#e/ ma/
elect
n?a n?a
PO/ERS
EX)RESS )'7ERS
4 General Le9.slat.1e )&wer 3VI4,
$D0$>5
HOW DOS ! "#$$ "CO%S ! $!W&
'. preparation of the bi((
). *rst reading
+ .committee consideration,action
-. second reading
.. third reading
a/ E!ec"t.1e )&wer
FVII-4I4>H
b/ )&wer &2
App&.ntment FVII-4DH
3these appointments
must ha0e the
consent of the
Commission on
!ppointments&
See Art VIII-*
4 &r.9.nal 8"r.sd.ct.&n
$ appellate 8"r.sd.ct.&n
; temp&rar/
ass.9nment &2 8"d9es &2
l&wer c&"rts
% &rder &2 c#an9e &2
1en"e &2 cases
* r"le0ma:.n9 p&wer
1. transmitta( of appro0ed bi(( to the
other house
2. other house3s action on the
appro0ed bi((
4. conference committee
5. transmitta( of the bi(( to the
President
'6. presidentia( action on the bi((
''. action on appro0ed bi((
'). action on 0etoed bi((
7888.congress.go0.ph/
$ Le9.slat.1e InB".r/ 3VI$45
; 7ar )&wers 3VI$;F4H5
% )&wer &2 Appr&pr.at.&n?B"d9et
3VI$%0$*5
* Ta!at.&n 3VI$G5
D )&wer t& Can1ass .n )resAl
Elect.&ns 3VII%F%H5
> )&wer t& Call Spec.al )resAl
Elect.&ns 3VII4+5
G )&wer t& J"d9e t#e )#/s.cal
(.tness &2 t#e )res t& d.sc#ar9e
d"t.es 3VII44F%H5
J )&wer t& E!tend?Re1&:e
s"spens.&n &2 Ha,eas
C&rp"s?Declarat.&n &2 6art.al
Law 3VII4G5
4+)&wer t& C&nc"r Amnest.es
3VII4J5
44)&wer t& C&nCrm Treat.es
3VII$45
4$DeCne t#e J"r.sd.ct.&n &2 C&"rts
3VIII$5
4;Impeac#ment 3XI$5
4%)&wer t& )r&p&se C&nstAl
Amendments 3XVII4F4H5
I6)LIED )'7ER-
4*C&ntempt )&wers 3Arna"lt 1s
Na<aren&, G> )#.l $J5
KThere is no (imit as to time to the
Senate3s po8er to punish for contempt in cases
8here that po8er may constitutiona((y be
exerted.9

S'6E LI6ITATI'NS T' LA706ALING-
'. the bi(( of rights
). tit(es of roya(ty and nobi(ity
7V#.+'/
+. irrepea(ab(e (a8s
-. :urisdiction of the SC 7V#.+6/
.. non;appropriation for re(igious
purpose 7 V#.)5/
1. taxation pro0ision 7V#.)4/
2. bi((s that shou(d exc(usi0e(y
originate from the House
7V#.)-/
4. sing(e sub:ect per bi(( 7V#.)1&'/
#eads &2 e!ec"t.1e
departments,
am,assad&rs and
&t#er p",l.c
m.n.sters and
c&ns"ls, A() &=cers
2r&m t#e ran: &2
na1al capta.n and
c&l&nel, &t#er
m.n.sters w#&se
app&.ntment
.n1ested .n t#e )res
I t#e re9"lar
mem,ers &2 t#e JBC
see VIII-G3$5
c/ )&wer &2 Rem&1al
3I6)LIED5
d/ 6.l.tar/ p&wers
FVII-4GH
e/ )ard&n.n9 p&wer
FVII-4JH
f/ B&rr&w.n9 p&wer
FVII-$+H
g/ D.pl&mat.c p&wer
FVII-$4H
h/ B"d9etar/ p&wer
FVII-$$H
i/ In2&rm.n9 p&wer
FVII-$;H
:/ Res.d"al p&wers
3I6)LIED5 F6arc&s
1s 6an9lap"s,
34JGJ5H 8hate0er is
not (egis(ati0e< not
:udicia( is residua(
po8er exercised by
the Pres.
=/ 't#er p&wers-
Call c&n9ress
t& a spec.al
sess.&n
FVI-4*H
)&wer t&
appr&1e?1et&
,.lls FVI-4*H
T& c&nsent t&
t#e
dep"t.<at.&n
&2 9&1At
pers&nnel ,/
t#e C'6ELEC
FIX0C-$3%5H
General
s"per1.s.&n
&n l&cal 9&1At
FArt XH
.e t#e R"les &2 C&"rt
D p&wer &2
app&.ntment &2
empl&/ees .n
acc&rdance w? t#e CSC
r"les
> p&wer &2
adm.n.strat.1e
s"per1.s.&n
G )res.dent.al
Elect&ral Tr.,"nal Fpar
>, Art VII-%H
DISQUALIFICATIONS AND INHIBITIONS
Inc&mpat.,le &=ces FVI-4;H
(&r,.dden &=ce
S#all n&t appear pers&nall/ as
c&"nsel ,e2&re an/ c&"rt,
Elect&ral Tr.,"nal, B"as.08"d.c.al
and adm.n.strat.1e ,&d.es
FVII-4%H
S#all n&t d.rectl/ &r .nd.rectl/
,e Cnanc.all/ .nterested .n an/
c&ntract w.t#, 2ranc#.se, and
spec.al pr.1.le9e 9ranted ,/ t#e
G&1At
S#all n&t #&ld an/ &t#er
&=ce d"r.n9 #.s ten"re
S#all n&t pract.ce an/
&t#er pr&2ess.&n d"r.n9
ten"re
S#all n&t ,e Cnanc.all/
.nterested .n an/
c&ntract w.t#, 2ranc#.se,
spec.al pr.1.le9e
9ranted ,/ t#e
9&1ernment
A1&.d c&nM.ct &2 .nterest
S#all n&t ,e
des.9nated t&
an/ a9enc/
per2&rm.n9 B"as.0
8"d.c.al &r
adm.n.strat.1e
2"nct.&ns
FVIII-4$H
All &t#ers as
pr&1.ded 2&r ,/
law
S#all n&t .nter1ene .n an/
matter ,e2&re an/ &=ce &2 t#e
9&1At 2&r #.s pec"n.ar/ ,eneCt
&r w#ere #e ma/ ,e called "p&n
t& act &n acc&"nt &2 #.s &=ce
w.t# #.s &=ce
PRIVILEGES
(reed&m 2r&m arrest w#.le
c&n9ress .s .n sess.&n 2&r
&Nenses p"n.s#a,le ,/
.mpr.s&nment &2 n&t m&re t#an
D /rs
)r.1.le9e speec# and &2 de,ate
(ran:.n9 pr.1.le9e
6a/ n&t ,e s"ed
Salar.es and &t#er
pr.1.le9es &2 a
9&1ernment empl&/ee
Salar.es and
&t#er pr.1.le9es
&2 a 9&1ernment
empl&/ee
THE CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS
0t#ese are .ndependent ,&d.es 2"nct.&n.n9 2&r .mp&rtant, cr"c.al and "s"all/ n&n0p&l.t.cal
9&1ernment &perat.&ns
Ci.il Se#.i"e Co$$ission Co$$ission on Ele"tions Co$$ission on Audit
T#e central pers&nnel a9enc/
&2 t#e 9&1ernment
T#e a9enc/ resp&ns.,le 2&r t#e
en2&rcement &2 laws 9&1ern.n9
2ree and &rderl/ elect.&ns
T#e a9enc/ resp&ns.,le 2&r
a"d.t.n9 9&1ernment
e!pend.t"res
COMPOSITION
4 CHAIR6AN
$ C'66ISSI'NERS
4 CHAIR6AN
D C'66ISSI'NERS
4 CHAIR6AN
$ C'66ISSI'NERS
QUALIFICATIONS
nat"ral ,&rn (.l.p.n& c.t.<ens
at least ;* /ears &ld &n t#e
date &2 app&.ntment
w.t# pr&1en capac.t/ 2&r
p",l.c adm.n.strat.&n
m"st n&t #a1e ,een
cand.dates 2&r an/ elect.1e
p&s.t.&n .mmed.atel/
preced.n9 t#e.r
app&.ntment
nat"ral ,&rn (.l.p.n& c.t.<ens
at least ;* /ears &ld &n t#e
date &2 app&.ntment
#&lders &2 a c&lle9e de9ree@
t#e c#a.rman and ma8&r.t/
&2 t#e mem,ers are law/ers
en9a9ed .n t#e pract.ce &2
law 2&r at least 4+ /ears
m"st n&t #a1e ,een
cand.dates 2&r an/ elect.1e
p&s.t.&n .mmed.atel/
preced.n9 t#e.r app&.ntment
nat"ral ,&rn (.l.p.n&
c.t.<ens
at least ;* /ears &ld &n
t#e date &2 app&.ntment
Cert.Ced )",l.c
Acc&"ntants w.t# 4+ /ears
a"d.t.n9 e!per.ence &r
law/ers en9a9ed .n law
pract.ce 2&r at least 4+
/ears
m"st n&t #a1e ,een
cand.dates 2&r an/
elect.1e p&s.t.&n
.mmed.atel/ preced.n9
t#e.r app&.ntment
TERM OF OFFICE
> /ears w.t#&"t reapp&.ntment > /ears w.t#&"t reapp&.ntment > /ears w.t#&"t
reapp&.ntment
SOME COMMON PROVISIONS
all are .ndependent ,&d.es
app&.nted ,/ t#e pres.dent w.t# t#e c&nc"rrence &2 t#e C&mm.ss.&n &n App&.ntments
n& reapp&.ntment
en8&/s Cscal a"t&n&m/
N& mem,er &2 a C&nst.t"t.&nal C&mm.ss.&n s#all, d"r.n9 #.s ten"re, #&ld an/ &t#er &=ce &r
empl&/ment 3Sec $5
Ne.t#er s#all #e en9a9e .n t#e pract.ce &2 an/ pr&2ess.&n &r .n t#e act.1e mana9ement &r
c&ntr&l &2 an/ ,"s.ness w#.c# .n an/ wa/ ma/ ,e aNected ,/ t#e 2"nct.&ns &2 #.s &=ce, n&r
s#all #e ,e Cnanc.all/ .nterested, d.rectl/ &r .nd.rectl/, .n an/ c&ntract w.t#, &r .n an/
2ranc#.se &r pr.1.le9e 9ranted ,/ t#e G&1ernment, an/ &2 .ts s",d.1.s.&ns, a9enc.es, &r
.nstr"mental.t.es, .ncl"d.n9 9&1ernment0&wned &r c&ntr&lled c&rp&rat.&ns &r t#e.r
s",s.d.ar.es 3Sec $5
Dec.s.&n s#all ,e ,/ ma8&r.t/
COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS OMBUDSMAN
COMPOSITION
45 'ne c#a.rman
$5 (&"r mem,ers
;5 'm,"dsman 3Tan&d,a/an5
%5 'ne &1erall dep"t/
*5 'ne dep"t/ 2&r L"<&n
D5 'ne dep"t/ 2&r t#e V.sa/as
>5 'ne dep"t/ 2&r 6.ndana&
'ne dep"t/ 2&r t#e m.l.tar/
QUALIFICATIONS
Nat"ral ,&rn (.l.p.n& c.t.<ens
6a8&r.t/ are mem,ers &2 t#e )#.l.pp.ne ,ar
Nat"ral ,&rn (.l.p.n& c.t.<ens
%+ /ears &ld at t#e t.me &2
app&.ntment
'2 rec&9n.<ed pr&,.t/ and
.ndependence
6em,ers &2 t#e )#.l.pp.ne ,ar
6"st n&t #a1e ,een cand.dates 2&r
an/ elect.1e &=ce
T#e &m,"dsman m"st #a1e ,een
a 8"d9e &r en9a9ed .n t#e pract.ce
&2 law .n R) 2&r 4+ /rs
MANNER OF APPOINTMENT0 TERM OF OFFICE and PROHIBITIONS
App&.nted ,/ t#e pres.dent
N&m.nated ,/ t#e JBC
N& c&nCrmat.&n ,/ t#e C&mm &n
app
> /ears w.t#&"t reapp&.ntment
N&t B"al.Ced t& r"n .n an elect.&n
.mmed.atel/ a2ter t#e.r cessat.&n 2r&m
&=ce
PO/ERS
C&mm.ss.&n &n H"man R.9#ts s#all #a1e t#e 2&ll&w.n9
p&wers and 2"nct.&ns-
345 In1est.9ate, &n .ts &wn &r &n c&mpla.nt ,/ an/
part/, all 2&rms &2 #"man r.9#ts 1.&lat.&ns .n1&l1.n9
c.1.l and p&l.t.cal r.9#ts@
3$5 Ad&pt .ts &perat.&nal 9".del.nes and r"les &2
pr&ced"re, and c.te 2&r c&ntempt 2&r 1.&lat.&ns
t#ere&2 .n acc&rdance w.t# t#e R"les &2 C&"rt@
3;5 )r&1.de appr&pr.ate le9al meas"res 2&r t#e
pr&tect.&n &2 #"man r.9#ts &2 all pers&ns w.t#.n t#e
)#.l.pp.nes, as well as (.l.p.n&s res.d.n9 a,r&ad, and
pr&1.de 2&r pre1ent.1e meas"res and le9al a.d
ser1.ces t& t#e "nderpr.1.le9ed w#&se #"man r.9#ts
#a1e ,een 1.&lated &r need pr&tect.&n@
3%5 E!erc.se 1.s.t&r.al p&wers &1er 8a.ls, pr.s&ns, &r
detent.&n 2ac.l.t.es@
3*5 Esta,l.s# a c&nt.n".n9 pr&9ram &2 researc#,
ed"cat.&n, ad .n2&rmat.&n t& en#ance respect 2&r t#e
pr.mac/ &2 #"man r.9#ts@
3D5 Rec&mmend t& t#e C&n9ress eNect.1e meas"res
t& pr&m&te #"man r.9#ts and t& pr&1.de 2&r
c&mpensat.&n t& 1.ct.ms &2 1.&lat.&ns &2 #"man r.9#ts,
&r t#e.r 2am.l.es@
3>5 6&n.t&r t#e )#.l.pp.ne G&1ernmentOs c&mpl.ance
w.t# .nternat.&nal treat/ &,l.9at.&ns &n #"man r.9#ts@
3G5 Grant .mm"n.t/ 2r&m pr&sec"t.&n t& an/ pers&n
w#&se test.m&n/ &r w#&se p&ssess.&n &2 d&c"ments
&r &t#er e1.dence .s necessar/ &r c&n1en.ent t&
determ.ne t#e tr"t# .n an/ .n1est.9at.&n c&nd"cted ,/
.t &r "nder .ts a"t#&r.t/@
3J5 ReB"est t#e ass.stance &2 an/ department,
,"rea", &=ce, &r a9enc/ .n t#e per2&rmance &2 .ts
2"nct.&ns@
34+5 App&.nt .ts &=cers and empl&/ees .n acc&rdance
w.t# law@ and
3445 )er2&rm s"c# &t#er d"t.es and 2"nct.&ns as ma/
,e pr&1.ded ,/ law
T#e '=ce &2 t#e 'm,"dsman s#all #a1e
t#e 2&ll&w.n9 p&wers, 2"nct.&ns, and
d"t.es -
345 In1est.9ate &n .ts &wn, &r &n
c&mpla.nt ,/ an/ pers&n, an/ act &r
&m.ss.&n &2 an/ p",l.c &=c.al, empl&/ee,
&=ce &r a9enc/, w#en s"c# act &r
&m.ss.&n appears t& ,e .lle9al, "n8"st,
.mpr&per, &r .ne=c.ent
3$5 D.rect, "p&n c&mpla.nt &r at .ts &wn
.nstance, an/ p",l.c &=c.al &r empl&/ee
&2 t#e G&1ernment, &r an/ s",d.1.s.&n,
a9enc/ &r .nstr"mental.t/ t#ere&2, as
well as &2 an/ 9&1ernment0&wned &r
c&ntr&lled c&rp&rat.&n w.t# &r.9.nal
c#arter, t& per2&rm and e!ped.te an/ act
&r d"t/ reB".red ,/ law, &r t& st&p,
pre1ent, and c&rrect an/ a,"se &r
.mpr&pr.et/ .n t#e per2&rmance &2 d"t.es
3;5 D.rect t#e &=cer c&ncerned t& ta:e
appr&pr.ate act.&n a9a.nst a p",l.c
&=c.al &r empl&/ee at 2a"lt, and
rec&mmend #.s rem&1al, s"spens.&n,
dem&t.&n, Cne, cens"re, &r pr&sec"t.&n,
and ens"re c&mpl.ance t#erew.t#
3%5 D.rect t#e &=cer c&ncerned, .n an/
appr&pr.ate case, and s",8ect t& s"c#
l.m.tat.&ns as ma/ ,e pr&1.ded ,/ law, t&
2"rn.s# .t w.t# c&p.es &2 d&c"ments
relat.n9 t& c&ntracts and transact.&ns
entered .nt& ,/ #.s &=ce .n1&l1.n9 t#e
d.s,"rsement &r "se &2 p",l.c 2"nds &r
pr&pert.es, and rep&rt an/ .rre9"lar.t/ t&
t#e C&mm.ss.&n &n A"d.t 2&r appr&pr.ate
act.&n
3*5 ReB"est an/ 9&1ernment a9enc/ 2&r
ass.stance and .n2&rmat.&n necessar/ .n
t#e d.sc#ar9e &2 .ts resp&ns.,.l.t.es, and
t& e!am.ne, .2 necessar/, pert.nent
rec&rds and d&c"ments
3D5 )",l.c.<e matters c&1ered ,/ .ts
.n1est.9at.&n w#en c.rc"mstances s&
warrant and w.t# d"e pr"dence
3>5 Determ.ne t#e ca"ses &2 .ne=c.enc/,
red tape, m.smana9ement, 2ra"d, and
c&rr"pt.&n .n t#e G&1ernment and ma:e
rec&mmendat.&ns 2&r t#e.r el.m.nat.&n
and t#e &,ser1ance &2 #.9# standards &2
et#.cs and e=c.enc/
3G5 )r&m"l9ate .ts r"les &2 pr&ced"re and
e!erc.se s"c# &t#er p&wers &r per2&rm
s"c# 2"nct.&ns &r d"t.es as ma/ ,e
pr&1.ded ,/ law
MANNER OF REMOVAL FROM OFFICE
C'NGRESS )RESIDENT@ VICE )RES@ SC JUSTICES@ CSC,
C'6ELEC, C'A C#a.rmen and mem,ers and
t#e 'm,"dsman
E!p"ls.&n
S"spens.&n 3ma!.m"m &2 D+ da/s5
B&t# ,/ $?; 1&te &2 t#e mem,ers &2 t#e H&"se
c&ncerned
Gr&"nds- d.s&rderl/ ,e#a1.&r
VOTING REQUIREMENTS
a 6AJ'RITP V'TE
a.'. e(ection of o>cers
a.). passage of bi((s and reso(utions
a.+. concurring tax exemptions
a.-. submitting the ?uestion ca((ing for
constitutiona( con0ention to the
e(ectorate
, T7'0THIRDS 3$?;5 V'TE
b.'. dec(aring the existence of the state
of 8ar
b.). o0erriding pres3(. 0eto
b.+. suspension,expu(sion of house
member
b.-. con0ict impeachab(e o>cia(s
b... ca(( for const3(. cn0ention
c 'NE0THIRD 34?;5 V'TE
c.'. for house to a>rm an artic(es of
impeachment,o0erride a contrary
reso(ution
d 'NE0(I(TH 34?*5 V'TE
d.'. re?uest matters to be entered in
the Journa(
e THREE0('URTHS 3;?%5 V'TE
e.'. to propose consti3(. amendments
B+ IMPEACHMENT 3Art XI40;5
T#e 2&ll&w.n9 ma/ ,e rem&1ed ,/
.mpeac#ment-
I T#e )res.dent
II T#e V.ce0)res.dent
III T#e SC J"st.ces
IV C#a.rman and
C&mm.ss.&ners &2 t#e
CSC, C'A I C'6ELEC
V 'm,"dsman
ENect &2 .mpeac#ment- rem&1al 2r&m
&=ce &2 t#e .mpeac#ed &=cer w?& pre8"d.ce
t& t#e Cl.n9 &2 a cr.m.nal case a9a.nst #.m
Gr&"nds 2&r .mpeac#ment-
4 c"lpa,le 1.&lat.&n &2 t#e
c&nst.t"t.&n
$ treas&n
; ,r.,er/
% 9ra2t and c&rr"pt.&n
* ,etra/al &2 p",l.c tr"st
D &t#er #.9# cr.mes
)r&cess &2 .mpeac#ment0 Art XI sec ;-
4 T#e H&"se &2 Representat.1es s#all #a1e
t#e e!cl"s.1e p&wer t& .n.t.ate all cases &2
.mpeac#ment
$ A 1er.Ced c&mpla.nt 2&r .mpeac#ment ma/
,e Cled ,/ an/ 6em,er &2 t#e H&"se &2
Representat.1es &r ,/ an/ c.t.<en "p&n a
res&l"t.&n &2 end&rsement ,/ an/ 6em,er
t#ere&2, w#.c# s#all ,e .ncl"ded .n t#e 'rder
&2 B"s.ness w.t#.n ten sess.&n da/s, and
re2erred t& t#e pr&per C&mm.ttee w.t#.n
t#ree sess.&n da/s t#erea2ter T#e
C&mm.ttee, a2ter #ear.n9, and ,/ a ma8&r.t/
1&te &2 all .ts 6em,ers, s#all s",m.t .ts
rep&rt t& t#e H&"se w.t#.n s.!t/ sess.&n da/s
2r&m s"c# re2erral, t&9et#er w.t# t#e
c&rresp&nd.n9 res&l"t.&n T#e res&l"t.&n
s#all ,e calendared 2&r c&ns.derat.&n ,/ t#e
H&"se w.t#.n ten sess.&n da/s 2r&m rece.pt
t#ere&2
;A 1&te &2 at least &ne0t#.rd &2 all t#e
6em,ers &2 t#e H&"se s#all ,e necessar/
e.t#er t& a=rm a 2a1&ra,le res&l"t.&n w.t#
t#e Art.cles &2 Impeac#ment &2 t#e
C&mm.ttee, &r &1err.de .ts c&ntrar/
res&l"t.&n T#e 1&te &2 eac# 6em,er s#all ,e
rec&rded
% In case t#e 1er.Ced c&mpla.nt &r res&l"t.&n
&2 .mpeac#ment .s Cled ,/ at least &ne0t#.rd
&2 all t#e 6em,ers &2 t#e H&"se, t#e same
s#all c&nst.t"te t#e Art.cles &2 Impeac#ment,
and tr.al ,/ t#e Senate s#all 2&rt#w.t#
pr&ceed
* N& .mpeac#ment pr&ceed.n9s s#all ,e
.n.t.ated a9a.nst t#e same &=c.al m&re t#an
&nce w.t#.n a per.&d &2 &ne /ear
D T#e Senate s#all #a1e t#e s&le p&wer t&
tr/ and dec.de all cases &2 .mpeac#ment
7#en s.tt.n9 2&r t#at p"rp&se, t#e Senat&rs
s#all ,e &n &at# &r a=rmat.&n 7#en t#e
)res.dent &2 t#e )#.l.pp.nes .s &n tr.al, t#e
C#.e2 J"st.ce &2 t#e S"preme C&"rt s#all
pres.de, ,"t s#all n&t 1&te N& pers&n s#all
,e c&n1.cted w.t#&"t t#e c&nc"rrence &2 tw&0
t#.rds &2 all t#e 6em,ers &2 t#e Senate
> J"d9ment .n cases &2 .mpeac#ment s#all
n&t e!tend 2"rt#er t#an rem&1al 2r&m &=ce
and d.sB"al.Ccat.&n t& #&ld an/ &=ce "nder
t#e Rep",l.c &2 t#e )#.l.pp.nes, ,"t t#e part/
c&n1.cted s#all ne1ert#eless ,e l.a,le and
s",8ect t& pr&sec"t.&n, tr.al and p"n.s#ment
acc&rd.n9 t& law
G T#e C&n9ress s#all pr&m"l9ate .ts r"les &n
.mpeac#ment t& eNect.1el/ carr/ &"t t#e
p"rp&se &2 t#.s sect.&n
REFERENCES:
The 1987 Constitution
Bernbas, Joaquin G., SJ (!!7" The Philippine Constitution for Ladies, Gentlemen and Others. Re# Boo$ Store
%n&. 'ani(a.
Na&hura, )ntonio B. (!!9" Outline/Reviewer in Political Law. *J Gra+hi& )rts, %n&. ,ue-on Cit..
Ra/ire-, Sr. E0ren *. (1991" The New Philippine Constitution. *isa.an E2u&ationa( Su++(. Cor+oration. Cebu Cit.
333.4o5.+h
333.&on4ress.4o5.+h
P # e % a # e d ' +&
O1en O* Dela Vi"to#ia AB PoS"*0 Ll* B* MA* PA* 2"and*3
Inst#u"to#