Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Camelids
Encephalitozoon cuniculi–Associated Placentitis and Perinatal Death in an Alpaca Vet Path 2008
Mar: Placentitis, premature birth, and perinatal death were associated with Encephalitozoon cuniculi
infection in an alpaca. Histologically, chorionic trophoblasts contained many Gram-positive, PAS positive
spores. Chorionic membrane had MF necrosis, lymphocytes, eosinophils, and neutrophils. Placentitis also
reported in squirrel monkey, foxes and horse. Most species, E. cuniculi infections= nonsuppurative
encephalitis, nephritis, vasculitis, pneumonia, hepatitis, and placentitis
Metastatic malignant melanoma in an alpaca (Vicugna pacos). J Vet Diagn Invest
21:141–144 (2009). ulcerated, multilobulated, black pigmented mass (8.0 cm 3 6.0 cm 3
4.0 cm) that infiltrated the left rostral maxilla extending into the marrow space and into
the left nasal cavity. Numerous, discrete, coalescing masses were present in the
subcutaneous tissue of the submandibular area, peritracheal connective tissue,
pericardium, and diaphragmatic parietal pleura and were disseminated throughout the
pulmonary parenchyma. The masses were diffusely black on cut surface and exuded
black pigment. Histologically, all masses were composed of spindloid to polygonal cells
with indistinct cell borders and moderate amounts of cytoplasm that contained abundant
fine, black granules (melanin), confirming metastasis of a primary mucocutaneous
melanoma.
Cotoneaster sp. poisoning in a llama (Lama glama). J Vet Diagn Invest 21:247–249
(2009). The clinical signs were dyspnea, with congested mucous membranes, chewing,
recumbency, and opisthotonos. Several hours after ingestion of the plant, the llama died,
despite treatment with sodium thiosulfate and nitrite.
Necropsy revealed approximately 676 g of leaves and fruit of Cotoneaster in the first
compartment of the stomach. The blood was light red and did not clot. Because
Cotoneaster sp. contains low concentrations of cyanogenic glycosides, toxicosis occurs
only following massive ingestion of plant material.
Malignant Round Cell Neoplasia in Llamas and Alpacas: Mean age of affected alpacas (3.1 years)
was significantly less than that of affected llamas (8.0 years). B-cell lymphoma (12 cases) and T-cell
lymphoma (6 cases). Six tumors did not express any lymphoid marker and were classified as primitive
malignant round cell tumor. Lymphomas are the most common tumor affecting camelids. Liver and kidney
are most commonly involved organs in round cell tumor.
Brain tumours in two Bactrian camels: a histiocytic sarcoma and a meningioma.
Veterinary Record (2009) 164, 684-688. Thalamus-medium to large, pleomorphic
round cells with ovoid, cleaved or reniform nuclei, faintly granular, pale eosinophilic
cytoplasm,commonly binucleated. The mass was also heavily infiltrated with small
lymphocytes and fewer plasma cells, and formed cuffs about the prominent vasculature.
Immunohistochemistry showed strong, diffuse cytoplasmic staining of the pleomorphic
cells with antibody to CD163 and CD3 demonstrated an abundance of T lymphocytes,
either perivascular or infiltrating the mass . Any B lymphocytes present were not labelled
by the generic reagent (CD79a). The neoplasm was GFAP-negative except for solitary
cytoplasmic processes of reactive astrocytes trapped within the mass and abundant
reactive astrocytes in the surrounding brain tissue. The mass was diagnosed as a thalamic
histiocytic sarcoma. The meningioma was adhered to the dura and was fibroblastic type.
Systemic Candida albicans Infection in Two Alpacas (Lama pacos) Candida albican is
dimorphic fungus commensal in skin, upper respiratory tract, alimentary tract and genital
tract. Immunosuppresion or disturbance of cutaneous/mucosal barrier for invasion to take
place..Histo: suppurative to necrotizing inflammation in various organs.
Oleander intoxication in New World Camelids. JAVMA 235 2009. Oleander contains
cardenolides (cardiac glycosides: Na/K ATPase pump inhibition increased
intracellular calcium positive inotrope) and triterpenoids. Acute renal failure, GI and
Cardiac dysfunction.