Tutorial: Two Way ANOVA

1. A researcher wants to study the effect of exercise and diet on percentage of body fat. A
sample of ! uni"ersity students is randomly chosen and randomly placed in four different
treatment conditions. #esults of this study is shown in the table below
$iet of less than
!!! calories
$iet of more than
!!! calories
%xercise 1!& 1& 1'& 1& 1! 1& 1'& 1(& 1)& 1'
No exercise 1)& 1*& !& & ! & '& '& & '
a) +tate ,i- the independent "ariable and its le"els& and ,ii- the dependent "ariable in this study.
b) +tate the assumptions that has to be obeyed when carrying out two Way ANOVA.
c) .sing +/++& test the hypothesis whether exercise and diet has a significant effect on
percentage of body fat& at a significance le"el of .!1.
. A researcher wants to study the effect of teaching method and gender on statistics
performance of students. A sample of 0) uni"ersity students was randomly chosen and
randomly placed in six different treatment conditions. The statistics performance score is
shown in the table below.
1ale 2emale
1ethod 3 0& 0!& 0)& 0*& 0*& 0( (& 4& 5& )& *& '
1ethod 33 0'& '!& 0)& 01& 04& 00 '!& 0*& 4& 0'& 00& 05
1ethod 333 '!& 0(& '& 0*& 0)& '1 '0& 0)& '1& 04& 05& '(
a) +tate ,i- the independent "ariable and its le"els& and ,ii- the dependent "ariable in this study.
b) +tate the assumptions that has to be obeyed when carrying out two Way ANOVA.
c) .sing +/++& test the hypothesis whether teaching method and gender has a significant effect
on statistics performance& at a significance le"el of .!(.
d) 3s a Post Hoc test necessary6 %xplain& aand if necessary use a Tu7ey test.
0. A researcher wants to study the effect of reward and gender on mathematics problem sol"ing
ability ,7ebolehan penyelesaian masalah matemati7- of students. A sample of 0 students
was randomly chosen and randomly placed in four different treatment conditions. The
mathematics problem sol"ing score is shown in the table below.
1ale ,8ela7i- 2emale ,/erempuan-
#eward
,9an:aran-
1& & 14& 0& 15& '& !& ( )& '& 5& 11& (& *& 1& 4
No reward 1(& 4& 11& 14& 1)& 1'& 10& 1 *& 5& 0& 11& (& 1!& (& )
The results of this study& at .!1 significance le"el is shown in the following tables& obtained
from the +/++ output
Analysis of Variance
1
Between-Subjects Factors
9an:aran 1)
Tiada
9an:aran
1)
8ela7i 1)
/erempuan 1)
1

9an:aran
,2a7tor A-
1

;antina ,2a7tor
<-
Value 8abel N
Descriptive Statistics
$ependent Variable: =ebolehan /enyelesaian 1asalah 1atemati7
1.0* .))4 *
5.5( .*1) *
1'.() 5.(14 1)
10.)0 0.11' *
).** .)4) *
1!.( '.'*! 1)
15.(! '.**( 1)
5.01 .5!1 1)
1.'1 ).'5! 0
;antina ,2a7tor <-
8ela7i
/erempuan
Total
8ela7i
/erempuan
Total
8ela7i
/erempuan
Total
9an:aran ,2a7tor A-
9an:aran
Tiada 9an:aran
Total
1ean +td. $e"iation N
Levene's Test of Equality of Error Variances
a
$ependent Variable: =ebolehan /enyelesaian
1asalah 1atemati7
.!'* 0 * .4*)
2 df1 df +ig.
Tests the null hypothesis that the error "ariance of the
dependent "ariable is e>ual across groups.
$esign: 3ntercept?9an:aran?;antina?9an:aran
@ ;antina
a.
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
$ependent Variable: =ebolehan /enyelesaian 1asalah 1atemati7
1!50.(4'
a
0 0(5.*)( ''.5!* .!!! .*5
'4(.*1 1 '4(.*1 )1(.015 .!!! .4()
1'*.5*1 1 1'*.5*1 1*.(*5 .!!! .044
*0!.*1 1 *0!.*1 1!0.55 .!!! .5*5
4'.(01 1 4'.(01 11.*1! .!! .45
'.1( * *.!!'
)0.!!! 0
145.514 01
+ource
Aorrected 1odel
3ntercept
9an:aran
;antina
9an:aran @ ;antina
%rror
Total
Aorrected Total
Type 333 +um
of +>uares df 1ean +>uare 2 +ig.
/artial %ta
+>uared
# +>uared B .*5 ,Ad:usted # +>uared B .*!4-
a.
rofile lots
2
9a n: aran T iad a9a n:ar an !a nj ar an " Fa #t o rA $
1!1(!
Esti%ate& 'ar(inal 'eans
; ant ina ,2 a7 tor <- 8 ela 7i / ere mpu an E st i%a te & 'a r( in al 'e an s o f )e b o le* a n en y el e sa ia n 'a sa la * 'at e %a t i#
a- +tate ,i- the independent "ariable and its le"els& and ,ii- the dependent "ariable in this study.
b- +tate the assumptions that has to be obeyed when carrying out two Way ANOVA.
c- $o the scores of the dependent "ariable in each cell ha"e e>ual "ariances6 %xplain.
d- +tate the null hypotheses in this study.
e- 3s there a significant main effect of factor A on mathematics problem sol"ing ability6 %xplain.
f- 3s there a significant main effect of factor < on mathematics problem sol"ing ability6 %xplain.
g- 3s there a significant interaction effect between factor A and factor < on mathematics problem
sol"ing ability6 %xplain.
h- What is the effect siCe for the main effect and interaction effect that is significant6 %xplain.
a) +hould a /ost Doc be done6 %xplain why and if necessary& use a Tu7ey test.
'. A researcher wants to study the effect of teaching method ,kaedah pengajaran- and 3E on
studentsF reading ability. A sampel of 0) students was chosen randomly and placed randomly
in six different treatment situations. The reading ability score is gi"en in the following table:
8ow ,Rendah- 3E 1oderate
,Sederhana- 3E
Digh ,Tinggi- 3E
1ethod 3 & 1*& 1)& ! '& 1& !& ! '!& 0)& 0*& 0)
1ethod 33 !& 1*& 14& 1( !& 4& (& 0! 0& 4& 0)& 0(
The results of this study& at .!( significance le"el is shown in the following tables& obtained
from the +/++ output

3
+nivariate Analysis of Variance
Between-Subjects Factors
=aedah 3 1
=aedah 33 1
#endah *
+ederhana *
Tinggi *
1

=aedah /enga:aran
,2a7tor A-
1

0
3E ,2a7tor <-
Value 8abel N
Descriptive Statistics
$ependent Variable: =ebolehan 1embaca
14.!! .(* '
1.( 1.*40 '
05.(! 1.41( '
(.4 *.*) 1
1*.!! .1)! '
).!! '.(') '
00.!! 0.1) '
(.)5 5.11' 1
1*.(! .)* *
0.) '.1!' *
0(.( 0.'1 *
(.54 5.*'1 '
3E ,2a7tor <-
#endah
+ederhana
Tinggi
Total
#endah
+ederhana
Tinggi
Total
#endah
+ederhana
Tinggi
Total
=aedah /enga:aran
,2a7tor A-
=aedah 3
=aedah 33
Total
1ean +td. $e"iation N
Levene's Test of Equality of Error Variances
a
$ependent Variable: =ebolehan 1embaca
1.(!) ( 1* .05
2 df1 df +ig.
Tests the null hypothesis that the error "ariance of
the dependent "ariable is e>ual across groups.
$esign:
3ntercept?=aedah/enga:aran?3E?
=aedah/enga:aran @ 3E
a.
4
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
$ependent Variable: =ebolehan 1embaca
1)).!*
a
( (0.' 0!.*( .!!! .*4)
1(4)(.!' 1 1(4)(.!' 14''.4*! .!!! .441
.05( 1 .05( .!') .*00 .!!0
115*.(*0 (*4.4 51.54 .!!! .**4
*5.(! '0.)( (.01( .!1( .051
1'5.5(! 1* *.!*
15054.!!! '
1'10.4(* 0
+ource
Aorrected 1odel
3ntercept
=aedah/enga:aran
3E
=aedah/enga:aran @ 3E
%rror
Total
Aorrected Total
Type 333 +um
of +>uares df 1ean +>uare 2 +ig.
/artial %ta
+>uared
# +>uared B .*4) ,Ad:usted # +>uared B .*))-
a.
ost ,oc Tests
-. "Fa#tor B$
'ultiple /o%parisons
$ependent Variable: =ebolehan 1embaca
Tu7ey D+$
G(.1@ 1.'00 .!!) G*.5* G1.'5
G1).5(@ 1.'00 .!!! G!.'1 G10.!4
(.1@ 1.'00 .!!) 1.'5 *.5*
G11.)0@ 1.'00 .!!! G1(.* G5.45
1).5(@ 1.'00 .!!! 10.!4 !.'1
11.)0@ 1.'00 .!!! 5.45 1(.*
,;- 3E ,2a7tor <-
+ederhana
Tinggi
#endah
Tinggi
#endah
+ederhana
,3- 3E ,2a7tor <-
#endah
+ederhana
Tinggi
1ean
$ifference
,3G;- +td. %rror +ig. 8ower <ound .pper <ound
4(H Aonfidence 3nter"al
<ased on obser"ed means.
The mean difference is significant at the .!( le"el.
@.
,o%o(eneous Subsets
)ebole*an 'e%baca
Tu7ey D+$
a&b
* 1*.(!
* 0.)
* 0(.(
1.!!! 1.!!! 1.!!!
3E ,2a7tor <-
#endah
+ederhana
Tinggi
+ig.
N 1 0
+ubset
1eans for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
<ased on Type 333 +um of +>uares
The error term is 1ean +>uare,%rror- B *.!*.
.ses Darmonic 1ean +ample +iCe B *.!!!.
a.
Alpha B .!(.
b.
5
rofile lots
=a eda h 3 = ae da h33 ) ae &a * en (a ja ra n "F a# t or A $ ! ( 0 ! 0 (
Esti%ate& 'ar(inal 'eans
3E ,2a 7t or <- #e nda h +e der ha na Tin gg i E s ti%a te & 'a r( in al 'e an s o f )e b ol e* a n 'e% ba ca
a- +tate ,i- the independent "ariable and its le"els& and ,ii- the dependent "ariable in this study.
b- +tate the assumptions that has to be obeyed when carrying out two Way ANOVA.
c- $o the scores of the dependent "ariable in each cell ha"e e>ual "ariances6 %xplain.
d- +tate the null hypotheses in this study.
e- 3s there a significant main effect of factor A on reading ability6 %xplain.
f- 3s there a significant main effect of factor < on reading ability6 %xplain.
g- 3s there a significant interaction effect between factor A and factor < on reading ability6
%xplain.
h- What is the effect siCe for the main effect and interaction effect that is significant6 %xplain.
i- +hould a /ost Doc be done6 %xplain why and if necessary& use a Tu7ey test.
6