1

Arnica montana


http://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planinska_arnika

Planinska arnika
Planinska arnika (lat. Arnica montana) poznata i kao branka, veprovac ili vuji zub je je planinska,
aromatina biljka visine od 20 do 60 centimetara iz roda arnika i porodice glavoika (Asteraceae). Raste
na suhim livadama, planinskim obroncima i brdima, na podruju skoro cijele Europe.
Sadraj
1 Rasprostranjenost i stanite
2 Osobine biljke
3 Uporaba
4 Napomena
5 Vanjske poveznice
Rasprostranjenost i stanite
Planinska arnika je biljka koja raste u Europi. Nalazi se od junog dijela Pirinejskog poluotoka do junog
dijela Skandinavije. Raste do nadmorskih visina od skoro 3.000 metara. U sjevernim dijelovima Europe
biljka postaje sve rjea, uglavnom zbog razvoja poljoprivrede.
Osobine biljke
Stabljika je uspravna i malo razgranata sa jednom cvjetnom glavicom. Visine je od 20 do 60 cm. Listovi su
sitni, debeli, nasuprotni i malo nazubljeni, a pri dnu stabla sloeni u rozetu. Cvijet je glavica sa jeziastim
vjeniem na vrhu stabljike i proirenim cvjetovima koji imaju pricvjetne listie. Cvjetovi su uti ili
naranastocrveni promjera od 6 do 8 cm.
Kao ljekoviti dio biljke se koriste cvijet, korijen i listovi. Cvijet se skuplja u vrijeme cvatnje, a korijenje u
proljee.
Uporaba
Planinska arnika se rabi u lijeenju rana, pri emu ublaava bolove i pospjeuje njihovo zacjeljivanje.
Koristi se i u lijeenju grla, a sa drugim ljekovitim biljkama u lijeenju upale plua, tifusa, slabosti srca, za
pospjeivanje cirkulacije krvi i izluivanje znoja i mokrae. Ova biljka je zatiena vrsta. Od 18. stoljea,
kada se biljka poela koristiti u ljekarnama, njena popularnost je znaajno porasla. Nekontrolirano
branje uinilo je to da je biljka postala dosta rijetka, pa je morala biti zatiena. Danas se biljka uzgaja za
ljekovite svrhe.
U srednjem vijeku arniku se rabilo kao biljku za sve rane i ozljede tijela, a ponekad i protiv embolije i
tromboze.
Napomena
2

lanak je velikim dijelom preuzet sa herbateka.com.
Vanjske poveznice
Ordinacija.hr
herbalism
Planinska arnika

Status zatite

Sistematika
Carstvo: Plantae
(nesvrstani) Angiosperms
(nesvrstani) Eudicots
(nesvrstani) Asterids
Red: Asterales
Porodica: Asteraceae
Rod: Arnica
Vrsta: A. montana

Dvojno ime
Arnica montana
L.
Podruje ivota

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4



Arnica montana

http://www.zdravlje.at/alternativne-metode/homeopatija/arnica-montana/20090508/
5



Arnica montana je jedan od najvanijih akutnih lijekova homeopatije i trebala bi da se nalazi u svakoj
kunoj apoteci.
Zbog svog dobrog i prije svega brzog djelovanja, mnoge osobe su upravo nakon koritenja Arnice poeli
da vjeruju u homeopatiju i da je koriste.

Arnica je lijek koji pomae kod pretjeranog napora, bolova u miiima.
Posebno djelovanje ima za sve simptome koji su vezani za krv. Kod povreda ili operacija kada dolazi do
izlaska krvi iz krvnih sudova ili kada je protok krvi smanjen (srani infarkt ili modani udar) ovo je najbolji
lijek.
Arnica djeluje i kod akutnih i kod hroninih stanja nakon povreda i tada djeluje jako brzo i efektivno.

Arnicu trebate koristiti kada svaki dodir, pritisak ili mrdanje pojaava bolove, kada se ne moe dugo
leati na istoj strani, ne moe se nai ugodan poloaj tijela, krevet koji je inae udoban daje osjeaj da je
pretvrd.
Glava je crvena, uarena, a tijelo hladno. Dolazi do greva u stomaku, a gasovi koji izlaze iz tijela, kao i
podrigivanje imaju miris pokvarenih jaja.

Arnica se preporuuje:
prije i nakon operacija, posjeta zubaru,
kod poroda gdje smanjuje strah, pretjerano krvarenje, smanjuje bolove, ubrzava lijeenje,
nakon nesree koja je dovela do oka, makar se to desilo i prije vie godina,
kod podljeva krvi nakon udarca, pada, uboja, povrede,
kao dodatna terapija kod potresa mozga, krvarenja u mozgu, povreda kime, modanog udara,
nakon pretjeranih fizikih aktivnosti kada dolazi do jakog umora i bolova u miiima.

Osobe kojima treba Arnica montana nemaju vremena za odmor ili regeneraciju nakon bolesti. Jako su
vrijedni ali imaju problem to sve ele sami da urade, tako da su stalno umorni. Ukoliko zbog povrede ili
bolesti ove osobe moraju da smanje svoje aktivnosti, postaju neraspoloeni, ne ele da ih iko dira ili
razgovara sa njima. Najsretniji su kada mogu da budu korisni i tada su nabolje raspoloeni. Zato ne
priznaju da su bolesni i da im treba odmor.

Bez obzira to Arnica dovodi do brzog i efikasnog poboljanja simptoma, ne bi se smjela uzimati bez
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razloga i kod svake povrede, nego samo kod simptoma koji su opisani.

Ovaj lijek se moe kombinovati i sa drugim homeopatskim lijekovima kao to su Hypericum kod povreda
nerava, Staphisagria (kod posjekotina), Symphytum (kod povreda kostiju), Ruta (povrede oiju), Ledum
(duboke posjekotine), Rhus toxicodendrom (istegnuti miii i tetive).

Poboljanje simptoma : kod leanja, u prirodi, nakon kupanja hladnom vodom.
Pogoranje simptoma: dodir, pokret, pritisak, tvrda podloga, govor, terapija, napor.
(zdravlje.at)

http://tinktura.com/proizvod/tinktura-od-arnike/

Tinktura od Arnike
150.00 Kn HRK
Najvanije podruje primjene arnike je vanjsko lijeenje bilo koje vrste unutranjih ozljeda poput
nagnjeenja, uganua, hematoma, oteenog tkiva.
Koliina: 50 ml
Upotreba Tinkture: Samo za vanjsku upotrebu, kapi se ne smiju piti. 30 kapi u 1-2 dcl vode i koristiti kao
oblog
7

Napomena: uvati od dohvata male djece.
HZZJZ: Broj Ispitnog Izvjetaja | Oznaka N 01258/13
Kategorija: Tinkture. Oznake Arnica montana L., hematoma, iaenje, kontuzije, nagnjeenje, sportske ozljede,
Tinktura od Arnike, udaraca, uganue, upala miia.
Opis proizvoda
TINKTURA OD ARNIKE (Arnica montana L.)
Ima snano antiflogistiko, analgetino i antimikrobno djelovanje.
Koristimo je kod svih ozljeda mekih tkiva,
uganua,
nagnjeenja,
iaenja,
kontuzija,
krvnih podljeva,
udaraca,
edema kod fraktura,
upala miia,
sportskih ozljeda.
Iznutra djeluje na srce i cirkulaciju.
Unutranja uporaba moe biti opasna.
Arnika ima toliko jake uinke da zbog pogrenog uzimanja moe dovesti do tekih simptoma trovanja.
Zbog toga za tu dragocjenu ljekovitu biljku naroito vrijedi tvrdnja slavnog lijenika iz 16. stoljea,
Paracelsusa:
Sve je otrov i sve otrov sadri, samo koliina odluuje da neto otrovno nije.
Najvanije je na vrijeme reagirati oblogom od tinkture arnike. Ipak potrebno je pridravati se slijedeih
uputa:
Arnika se nikako ne smije stavljati na otvorene rane. Prikladna je samo u sluajevima kad nije
ozlijeena povrina koe (unutranje ozljede).
Oblog od arnike
Izmjerite u alici 30 kapi tinkture arnike i 5 lica vode. U tekuinu zatim umoite komad vate
odgovarajue veliine ili gazu, iscijedite je i stavite je na ozljeeni dio tijela. Lagano uvrstite zavojem
kako bi oblog mogao stajati. Kad su vata ili gaza suhe, moete ih izvana ponovno ovlaiti mjeavinom
vode i tinkture, tj. preko zavoja, bez ponovnog odmotavanja. Jo jedno upozorenje: ako budete koristili
nerazrijeenu tinkturu arnike, koa e sigurno reagirati crvenilom slinim opeklini. Moda mislite da su
ozljede o kojima smo govorili rijetke, te da nipoto nisu vana tema u svakodnevnom ivotu. Vano je
reagirati brzo! Ako se oblog od arnike stavi u roku od nekoliko minuta na ozlijeeni dio tijela, nee doi
do otjecanja ili podlijeva krvi. S pravom dakle, moemo rei da je arnika biljka koja ne smije nikada
nedostajati u kunom ormariu prirodnih lijekova, osobito ako imate djecu kod kojih su padovi esti. Ako
ju imamo nadohvat ruke, u hitnim se sluajevima moe uvijek pruiti prva pomo.
Najvanije podruje primjene arnike je vanjsko lijeenje bilo koje vrste unutranjih ozljeda poput
nagnjeenja, uganua, hematoma, oteenog tkiva. Brzina kojom ispravno razrijeena tinktura arnike
lijei takve ozljede svaki nas put zadivljuje. Jedna naa prijateljica ozlijedila je runi zglob pri padu s
koturaljki. U toku dana oblozima od arnike oteklina i bol svedeni su na minimum; nakon tri dana
stavljanja obloga sa zglobom je bilo ponovno sve u redu.
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Za vrijeme sportskih aktivnosti dogaaju se esto upravo takve povrede, npr. u drutvenim igrama, na
skijanju, pri padu s konja, bicikla ili u prometnim nesreama. Male ili velike nezgode nisu rijetke ni u kui
ili na poslu, npr. pad s ljestava ili na stubitu.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnica_montana
Arnica montana
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Arnica montana

Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Arnica
Species: A. montana
Binomial name
Arnica montana
L.
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Synonyms
[1]

Doronicum montanum Lam.
Doronicum arnica Desf.
Doronicum arnica Garsault
Doronicum oppositifolium
Lam.
Arnica helvetica Loudon
Arnica petiolata Schur
Arnica plantaginisfolia Gilib.
Arnica montana, known commonly as leopard's bane, wolf's bane, mountain tobacco and mountain
arnica,
[1]
is a European flowering plant with large yellow capitula.
Arnica has been used in herbal medicine.
[2]

Distribution and habitat


Arnica montana
Arnica montana is endemic to Europe, from southern Iberia to southern Scandinavia and the
Carpathians. It is absent from the British Isles and the Italian and Balkan Peninsulas. A. montana grows
in nutrient-poor siliceous meadows up to nearly 3,000 metres (9,800 ft). It is rare overall, but may be
locally abundant. It is becoming rarer, particularly in the north of its distribution, largely due to
increasingly intensive agriculture. In more upland regions, it may also be found on nutrient-poor moors
and heaths.
Form
A. montana has tall stems, 2060 centimetres (7.923.6 in) high, supporting usually a single flower head.
Most of the leaves are in a basal rosette, but one or two pairs may be found on the stem and are,
unusually for composites, opposite. The flower heads are yellow, approximately 5 cm in diameter, and
appear from May to August.
Uses and toxicity
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Arnica montana is sometimes grown in herb gardens and has long been used medicinally.
[3][4]
It contains
the toxin helenalin, which can be poisonous if large amounts of the plant are eaten. It produces severe
gastroenteritis and internal bleeding of the digestive tract if enough material is ingested.
[5][medical citation
needed]
Contact with the plant can also cause skin irritation.
[6][7]
The roots contain derivatives of thymol,
[8]

which are used as fungicides and preservatives and may have some anti-inflammatory effect.
[9]

Arnica gel is often sold as a homeopathic medicine, in which case the concentration of arnica within it is
lower than an undiluted gel.
[10]
For example, Boiron's version of the gel is indicated as "1X"
concentration (see homeopathic dilutions), which would result in a 1/10 dilution of the actual arnica.
[11]



Arnica montana fruits and seeds
References
1. Judith Ladner. "Arnica montana". Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from the original on
February 13, 2010. Retrieved March 16, 2010.
2. Knuesel, O.; Weber, M.; Suter, A. (2002). "Arnica montana gel in osteoarthritis of the knee: An open,
multicenter clinical trial". Advances in Therapy 19 (5): 209218. doi:10.1007/BF02850361.
PMID 12539881. edit
3. "Arnica". Flora of North America. efloras.org. Archived from the original on April 4, 2010. Retrieved March
16, 2010.
4. A. L. Butiuc-Keul & C. Deliu (2001). "Clonal propagation of Arnica montana L., a medicinal plant". In Vitro
Cellular and Development Biology Plant 37 (5): 581585. doi:10.1007/s11627-001-0102-2.
JSTOR 4293517.
5. Gregory L. Tilford (1997). Edible and Medicinal Plants of the West. Mountain Press. ISBN 0-87842-359-1.
6. "Poisonous Plants: Arnica montana". North Carolina State University.
7. Rudzki E, Grzywa Z (October 1977). "Dermatitis from Arnica montana". Contact Dermatitis 3 (5): 2812.
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1977.tb03682.x. PMID 145351.
8. I. Weremczuk-Jezyna, W. Kisiel & H. Wysokiska (2006). "Thymol derivatives from hairy roots of Arnica
montana". Plant Cell Reports 25 (9): 9936. doi:10.1007/s00299-006-0157-y. PMID 16586074.
9. P. C. Braga, M. Dal Sasso, M. Culici, T. Bianchi, L. Bordoni & L. Marabini (2006). "Anti-inflammatory activity
of thymol: inhibitory effect on the release of human neutrophil elastase". Pharmacology 77 (3): 1306.
doi:10.1159/000093790. PMID 16763380. Retrieved January 27, 2008.
10. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-160090/Does-Arnica-really-work.html
11. http://www.boironusa.com/info/
External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Arnica montana.
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Royal Society of Medicine Article concerning testing involving Arnica (RSM)
Botanica.com Arnica
"Arnica montana". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved May 23, 2006.

http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-721-
arnica.aspx?activeIngredientId=721&activeIngredientName=arnica
ARNICA
Other Names:
Arnica cordifolia, Arnica des Montagnes, Arnica Flos, Arnica Flower, Arnica fulgens, Arnica latifolia,
Arnica montana, Arnica sororia, Arnikabluten, Bergwohlverieih, Doronic dAllemagne, Fleurs d'Arnica,
Herbe aux Chutes, Herbe aux Prcheurs, Kraftwurz, Leopard's Bane, Mountain Tobacco, Plantin des
Alpes, Quinquina des Pauvres, Souci des Alpes, Tabac des Savoyards, Tabac des Vosges, Wolf's Bane,
Wundkraut.
arnica Overview Information
The flower of arnica is used to make medicine.

Arnica is applied to the skin for pain and swelling associated with bruises, aches, sprains, and arthritis. It
is also applied to the skin for insect bites, muscle and cartilage pain, chapped lips, and acne.

It is also taken by mouth for sore mouth and throat, insect bites, painful and swollen veins near the
surface of the skin (superficial phlebitis), sore gums after removal of wisdom teeth, and for causing
abortions.

In foods, arnica is a flavor ingredient in beverages, frozen dairy desserts, candy, baked goods, gelatins,
and puddings.

In manufacturing, arnica is used in hair tonics and anti-dandruff preparations. The oil is used in
perfumes and cosmetics.
How does it work?
The active chemicals in arnica may reduce swelling, decrease pain, and act as antibiotics.

arnica Uses & Effectiveness
Possibly Effective for:
Osteoarthritis.


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Possibly Ineffective for:
Reducing pain, swelling, and complications of wisdom tooth removal.

Insufficient Evidence for:
Bruises.
Diabetic retinopathy.
Muscle pain.
Insect bites.
Pain (post-surgical).
Sore throats.
Stroke.
Chapped lips.
Acne.
Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of arnica for these uses.

arnica Side Effects & Safety
Arnica is POSSIBLY SAFE when used in the amounts commonly found in food or when applied to
unbroken skin short-term. The Canadian government, however, is concerned enough about the safety of
arnica to prohibit its use as a food ingredient.

Amounts that are larger than the amount found in food are LIKELY UNSAFE when taken by mouth. In
fact, arnica is considered poisonous and has caused death. When taken by mouth it can also cause
irritation of the mouth and throat, stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rashes, shortness of breath, a
fast heartbeat, an increase in blood pressure, heart damage, organ failure, increased bleeding, coma,
and death.

Do not apply arnica to damaged or broken skin. Too much could be absorbed.

Arnica is often listed as an ingredient in homeopathic products; however, these products are usually so
dilute that they contain little or no detectable amount of arnica.
Special Precautions & Warnings:
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Dont take arnica by mouth or apply to the skin if you are pregnant or breast-
feeding. It is considered LIKELY UNSAFE.

Allergy to ragweed and related plants: Arnica may cause an allergic reaction in people who are sensitive to the
Asteraceae/Compositae family. Members of this family include ragweed, chrysanthemums, marigolds, daisies,
and many others. If you have allergies, be sure to check with your healthcare provider before applying it to your
skin. Do not take arnica by mouth.

Digestion problems: Arnica can irritate the digestive system. Dont take it if you have irritable bowel syndrome
(IBS), ulcers, Crohn's disease, or other stomach or intestinal conditions.

Fast heart rate: Arnica might increase your heart rate. Dont take arnica if you have a fast heart rate.
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High blood pressure: Arnica might increase blood pressure. Dont take arnica if you have high blood pressure.

Surgery: Arnica might cause extra bleeding during and after surgery. Stop using it at least 2 weeks before a
scheduled surgery.
arnica Interactions
Moderate Interaction Be cautious with this combination
Medications that slow blood clotting (Anticoagulant / Antiplatelet drugs) interacts with ARNICA
Arnica might slow blood clotting. Taking arnica along with medications that also slow clotting
might increase the chances of bruising and bleeding.

Some medications that slow blood clotting include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), diclofenac
(Voltaren, Cataflam, others), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others), naproxen (Anaprox, Naprosyn,
others), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, warfarin (Coumadin), and others.

arnica Dosing
The appropriate dose of arnica depends on several factors such as the users age, health, and several
other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate
range of doses for arnica. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and
dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your
pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.
View clinical references for this vitamin or supplement
References:
Aberer W. Contact allergy and medicinal herbs. J Dtsch.Dermatol Ges. 2008;6:15-24.
Adachi JD, Bell MJ, Bensen WG, et al. Fluoride therapy in prevention of rheumatoid arthritis induced
bone loss. J Rheumatol 1997;24:2308-13.
Adkison JD, Bauer DW, Chang T. The effect of topical arnica on muscle pain. Ann Pharmacother
2010;44:1579-84.
Alonso D, Lazarus MC, and Baumann L. Effects of topical arnica gel on post-laser treatment bruises.
Dermatol.Surg. 2002;28:686-88.
Bohmer D and Ambrus P. Sports injuries and natural therapy: a clinical double-blind study with a
homeopathic ointment. BT 1992;10:290-300.
Brinkhaus B, Wilkens JM, Ludtke R, et al. Homeopathic arnica therapy in patients receiving knee surgery:
results of three randomised double-blind trials. Complement Ther Med 2006;14:237-46.
Ciganda C, and Laborde A. Herbal infusions used for induced abortion. J Toxicol.Clin Toxicol.
2003;41:235-239.
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Cuzzolin L, Zaffani S, and Benoni G. Safety implications regarding use of phytomedicines. Eur.J Clin
Pharmacol. 2006;62:37-42.
da Silva AG, de Sousa CP, Koehler J, et al. Evaluation of an extract of Brazilian arnica (Solidago chilensis
Meyen, Asteraceae) in treating lumbago. Phytother Res 2010;24:283-87.
Delmonte S, Brusati C, Parodi A, et al. Leukemia-related Sweet's syndrome elicited by pathergy to
Arnica. Dermatology 1998;197:195-96.
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe.
Available at: http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=
786bafc6f6343634fbf79fcdca7061e1&rgn=div5&view= text&node=21:3.0.1.1.13&idno=21
Gray S and West LM. Herbal medicines--a cautionary tale. N Z Dent J 2012;108:68-72.
Hart O, Mullee MA, Lewith G, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of
homoeopathic arnica C30 for pain and infection after total abdominal hysterectomy. J.R.Soc.Med
1997;90:73-8.
Hausen BM, Herrmann HD, and Willuhn G. The sensitizing capacity of Compositae plants. I. Occupational
contact dermatitis from Arnica longifolia Eaton. Contact Dermatitis 1978;4:3-10.
Hausen BM. Identification of the allergens of Arnica montana L. Contact Dermatitis 1978;4:308.
Hausen BM. The sensitizing capacity of Compositae plants. III. Test results and cross-reactions in
Compositae-sensitive patients. Dermatologica 1979;159:1-11.
Hofmeyr GJ, Piccioni V, and Blauhof P. Postpartum homeopathic Arnica montana: a potency-finding pilot
study. Br.J.Clin.Pract. 1990;44:619-621.
Jalili J, Askeroglu U, Alleyne B, and Guyuron B. Herbal products that may contribute to hypertension.
Plast.Reconstr.Surg 2013;131:168-173.
Jawara N, Lewith GT, Vickers AJ, and et al. Homoeopathic Arnica and Rhus toxicodendron for delayed
onset muscle soreness: a pilot for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. British
Homoeopathic Journal 1997;86:10-15.
Jeffrey SL and Belcher HJ. Use of Arnica to relieve pain after carpal-tunnel release surgery. Altern.Ther
Health Med 2002;8:66-8.
Karow JH, Abt HP, Frohling M, and Ackermann H. Efficacy of Arnica montana D4 for healing of wounds
after Hallux valgus surgery compared to diclofenac. J Altern Complement Med 2008;14:17-25.
Kaziro GS. Metronidazole (Flagyl) and Arnica Montana in the prevention of post-surgical complications, a
comparative placebo controlled clinical trial. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1984;22:42-9.
Knuesel O, Weber M, and Suter A. Arnica montana gel in osteoarthritis of the knee: an open,
multicenter clinical trial. Adv.Ther. 2002;19:209-18.
Kotlus BS, Heringer DM, and Dryden RM. Evaluation of homeopathic Arnica montana for ecchymosis
after upper blepharoplasty: a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study.
Ophthal.Plast.Reconstr.Surg 2010;26:686-88.
15

Leu S, Havey J, White LE, et al. Accelerated resolution of laser-induced bruising with topical 20% arnica:
a rater-blinded randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2010;163:557-63.
Ludtke R, and Hacke D. [On the effectiveness of the homeopathic remedy Arnica montana]. Wien.Med
Wochenschr. 2005;155:482-490.
Lyss G, Schmidt TJ, Merfort I, Pahl HL, et al. Helenalin, an antiinflammatory sesquiterpene lactone from
Arnica, selectively inhibits transcription factor NF-kappa B. Biol Chem 1997;378:951-61.
Machet L, Vaillant L, Callens A, et al. Allergic contact dermatitis from sunflower (Helianthus annuus) with
cross-sensitivity to arnica. Contact Dermatitis 1993;28:184-85.
Meunier PJ, Sebert JL, Reginster JY, et al. Fluoride salts are no better at preventing new vertebral
fractures than calcium-vitamin D in postmenopausal osteoporosis: the FAVOStudy. Osteoporos Int
1998;8:4-12.
Moghadam BK, Gier R, and Thurlow T. Extensive oral mucosal ulcerations caused by misuse of a
commercial mouthwash. Cutis 1999;64:131-134.
No authors listed. Final report on the safety assessment of Arnica montana extract and Arnica montana.
Int.J.Toxicol. 2001;20:1-11.
Passreiter CM, Florack M, Willuhn G. . [Allergic contact dermatitis caused by Asteraceae. Identification
of an 8,9-epoxythymol-diester as the contact allergen of Arnica sachalinensis]. Derm.Beruf.Umwelt.
1988;36:79-82.
Pinsent RJ, Baker GP, Ives G, et al. Does arnica reduce pain and bleeding after dental extraction? A
placebo controlled pilot study conducted by the Midland Homoeopathy Research Group MHRG in
1980/81. Communications of the British Homoeopathic Research Group 1986;15:3-11.
Pirker C, Moslinger T, Koller DY, et al. Cross-reactivity with Tagetes in Arnica contact eczema. Contact
Dermatitis 1992;26:217-219.
Ramelet AA, Buchheim G, Lorenz P, et al. Homeopathic Arnica in postoperative haematomas: a double-
blind study. Dermatology 2000;201:347-348.
Raschka, C and Trostel Y. [Effect of a homeopathic arnica preparation (D4) on delayed onset muscle
soreness. Placebo-controlled crossover study]. MMW Fortschr Med 7-20-2006;148:35.
Robertson A, Suryanarayanan R, and Banerjee A. Homeopathic Arnica montana for post-tonsillectomy
analgesia: a randomised placebo control trial. Homeopathy. 2007;96:17-21.
Rudzki E, and Grzywa Z. Dermatitis from Arnica montana. Contact Dermatitis 1977;3:281-82.
Savage RH and Roe PF. A double blind trial to assess the benefit of Arnica montana in acute stroke
illness. Br Hom J 1977;66:207-20.
Schmidt C. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial: Arnica montana applied topically to subcutaneous
mechanical injuries. J of the American Institute of Homeopathy 1996;89:186-193.
16

Schroder H, Losche W, Strobach H, et al. Helenalin and 11 alpha, 13-dihydrohelenalin, two constituents
from Arnica montana L., inhibit human platelet function via thiol-dependent pathways. Thromb Res
1990;57:839-45.
Schwarzkopf S, Bigliardi PL, and Panizzon RG. [Allergic contact dermatitis from Arnica]. Rev Med Suisse
12-13-2006;2:2884-885.
Seeley BM, Denton AB, Ahn MS, et al. Effect of homeopathic Arnica montana on bruising in face-lifts:
results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Arch Facial.Plast.Surg 2006;8:54-
59.
Spettoli E, Silvani S, Lucente P. Contact dermatitis caused by sesquiterpene lactones. Am J Contact
Dermat. 1998;9:49-50.
Stevinson C, Devaraj VS, Fountain-Barber A, et al. Homeopathic arnica for prevention of pain and
bruising: randomized placebo-controlled trial in hand surgery. J.R.Soc.Med. 2003;96:60-65.
Totonchi A, and Guyuron B. A randomized, controlled comparison between arnica and steroids in the
management of postrhinoplasty ecchymosis and edema. Plast.Reconstr.Surg 2007;120:271-74.
Tveiten D, Bruset S, Borchgrevink CF, et al. Effects of the homoeopathic remedy Arnica D 30 on
marathon runners: a randomized, double-blind study during the 1995 Oslo marathon. Comp Ther Med
1998;6:71-74.
Venkatramani DV, Goel S, Ratra V, et al. Toxic optic neuropathy following ingestion of homeopathic
medication Arnica-30. Cutan.Ocul.Toxicol. 2013;32:95-97.
Vickers AJ, Fisher P, Smith C, and et al. Homoeopathy for delayed onset muscle soreness: a randomised
double blind placebo controlled trial. Br J sports Med 1997;31:304-307.
Widrig R, Suter A, Saller R, et al. Choosing between NSAID and arnica for topical treatment of hand
osteoarthritis in a randomised, double-blind study. Rheumatol.Int 2007;27:585-591.
Wolf M, Tamaschke C, Mayer W, and Heger M. [Efficacy of Arnica in varicose vein surgery: results of a
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study]. Forsch.Komplementarmed.Klass.Naturheilkd.
2003;10:242-47.
Zicari D, Agneni F, Ricciotti F, and et al. Angioprotective action of Arnica 5 CH: preliminary data. Invest
Ophthalmol Visual Science 1995;36:S479.
Zicari D, Cumps P, Del Beato P, and et al. Arnica 5 CH activity on retinal function. Invest Opthalmol Visual
Science 1997;38:767.

http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientreview-721-
arnica.aspx?drugid=721&drugname=arnica&pageIndex=0&sortby=5&conditionFilter=-500
User Reviews & Ratings - arnica
Read user comments about the side effects, benefits, and effectiveness of arnica.
17

arnica Information

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59 Total User Reviews
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Current Rating: 0
(4.39)
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Current Rating: 0
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1-5 of 36 Next
Reason for taking: Other
5/6/2014 7:17:10 AM
Reviewer: Scott, 45-54 Male on Treatment for 1 to less than 2 years (Consumer)
Effectiveness
Current Rating: 4
Ease of Use
Current Rating: 5
Satisfaction
Current Rating: 5
18

Comment:
Ruptured disk in my back. Been slowly healing for 2 years, and have tried dozens of treatments:
Chiropractic, Accupuncture, massage therapy, physical therapy, several narcotic, perscription, over the
counter, and herbal/natural pain killers. The only thing I still take is alieve and topical arnica (arnicare)
Arnicare seems to be more effective and longer lasting than all of the mentholated creams ... Show Full
Comment
16 people found this review helpful.
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Reason for taking: Other
5/3/2014 2:25:48 PM
Reviewer: 35-44 Female (Consumer)
Effectiveness
Current Rating: 5
Ease of Use
Current Rating: 5
Satisfaction
Current Rating: 5
Comment:
I don't know who wrote the article about Arnica on WebMD but it's a bunch of crock! Arnica is great and
I've used it with great success on muscle spasms, joint pain, muscle soreness, it even healed my bad
cracked heals! Maybe the writers don't want us to buy Arnica because it's a homeopathic remedy and
not a pharmaceutical drug!! Makes me mad when I hear them say that when a ... Show Full Comment
25 people found this review helpful.
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Reason for taking: Other
4/5/2014 10:56:18 PM
Reviewer: 35-44 Female on Treatment for less than 1 month (Consumer)
Effectiveness
Current Rating: 5
Ease of Use
19

Current Rating: 5
Satisfaction
Current Rating: 5
Comment:
I have had severe pain in my neck and left shoulder after slipping on ice and falling down my deck stairs.
The pain meds and muscle relaxer was not relieving my pain. After the first application of Arnicare gel, I
have been almost pain free. Before I started using the gel I was unable to do housework or drive a car do
to the pain. Since I have started using the gel I'm able to do light house c ... Show Full Comment
20 people found this review helpful.
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Reason for taking: Other
3/29/2014 11:10:05 AM
Reviewer: angie, 45-54 Female on Treatment for less than 1 month (Consumer)
Effectiveness
Current Rating: 5
Ease of Use
Current Rating: 5
Satisfaction
Current Rating: 5
Comment:
Was diagnosed with frozen shoulder/bursitis. Was in phys therapy for two months with minimal results.
did some research online for topical ointment for inflammation and found something called penetrex.
the main ingredient is arnica. within a couple of days of use, no more pills!! pain greatly reduced. would
recommend this product for anybody with joint,muscle,nerve pain.
17 people found this review helpful.
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Reason for taking: Other
2/23/2014 12:54:20 PM
Reviewer: macorina1, 65-74 Female (Consumer)
Effectiveness
20

Current Rating: 5
Ease of Use
Current Rating: 5
Satisfaction
Current Rating: 5
Comment:
bruises and pains! Excellent

Reason for taking: Other
2/23/2014 12:54:17 PM
Reviewer: macorina1, 65-74 Female (Consumer)
Effectiveness
Current Rating: 5
Ease of Use
Current Rating: 5
Satisfaction
Current Rating: 5
Comment:
bruises and pains! Excellent
7 people found this review helpful.
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Reason for taking: Other
2/19/2014 4:37:37 PM
Reviewer: cpdi2e, 55-64 Female on Treatment for less than 1 month (Consumer)
Effectiveness
Current Rating: 5
Ease of Use
21

Current Rating: 5
Satisfaction
Current Rating: 5
Comment:
The sides of my knees and behind my knees felt very sore and stiff for weeks, it almost felt like a form of
arthritis, nothing was helping. I found arnica and thought i would give it a try and it REALLY WORKED
almost in a day i was beginning to feel relief taking it for about one week now and almost feels normal.
13 people found this review helpful.
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Reason for taking: Other
2/18/2014 4:44:57 PM
Reviewer: GREATFUL, 45-54 Female on Treatment for less than 1 month
Effectiveness
Current Rating: 5
Ease of Use
Current Rating: 5
Satisfaction
Current Rating: 5
Comment:
ARNICA PRACTICALLY HEALED MY SORE ACHING BRUISES AND PAINS FROM FALLEN DOWN 15 STEPS IN
MY HOME. I COULD NOT EVEN MOVE MY LEG AFTER THE 3RD DAY FROM THE FALL. AFTER 2 HOURS
FROM 1 DOSE OF AND RUBBING IN THE SALVE ON MY LEG i WAS UP AND WALKING AGAIN. THIS ALSO
TOOK A VERY BAD UGLY PURPLE BRUISE FROM THE SIZE OF A SOFT BALL DOWN TO THE SIZE OF A
BASEBALL AND BACK TO PINK COLOR IN THE SAME HOUR. THI ... Show Full Comment
13 people found this review helpful.
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Reason for taking: Other
1/27/2014 5:44:09 PM
Reviewer: Sk8er, 45-54 Female on Treatment for less than 1 month (Consumer)
Effectiveness
22

Current Rating: 5
Ease of Use
Current Rating: 5
Satisfaction
Current Rating: 5
Comment:
I've had cartilage pain on and off for 30 years and 6 years ago a bad ankle break that took 2 operations
over 18 months and lots of physio to(sort of)fix. I was sceptical of the benefits of using arnica other than
feeling that bruises cleared up quite quick. I recently gave both the tablets & cream another go during a
bad spell with my knee ... wow! I feel 10 years younger! Ankle has impro ... Show Full Comment
17 people found this review helpful.
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Reason for taking: Other
1/25/2014 1:36:22 PM
Reviewer: Little jo, 55-64 Female on Treatment for less than 1 month (Consumer)
Effectiveness
Current Rating: 5
Ease of Use
Current Rating: 5
Satisfaction
Current Rating: 5
Comment:
I am a nurse and fell off a ladder with no evident trauma until 3 months later when I had severe knee
pain. I had moved to Ireland and never heard of arnica oil. I went to a physiotherapist and was
instructed to rub the sore spot on my knee with arnica several times a day. She thought I had scare
tissue from the ladder fall and with rubbing it will break up the tissue. Sure it will I thought, but ... Show
Full Comment




23

http://www.boironusa.com/products/arnica-montana/
Arnica montana
Pain Relief

Uses:*
Main Indication: Trauma, bruises and muscle soreness
Common Name: Leopard's bane
Directions:
Adult and children 2 years of age and older: Dissolve 5 pellets under the tongue 3 times a day until
relieved or as directed by a doctor.
Ingredients
Warnings
Storage & Safety
Sizes & Types
Where to Buy
Active Ingredients:**
Arnica montana 3X to 30X - 3C to 30C HPUS
The letters HPUS indicate that this ingredient is officially included in the Homeopathic Pharmacopia of
the United States.
Inactive Ingredients:
Lactose
Sucrose
Tags: arnica, muscle bruise, muscle pain, muscle stiffness, trauma
Warnings:
Stop use and ask a doctor if symptoms persist for more than 3 days or worsen.
If pregnant or breast-feeding, ask a health professional before use.
Keep out of reach of children.
24

Storage & Safety:
Do not use if the label sealing the clear tube cap is broken or missing. Store at 68-77F (20-25C).
Product Sizes & Types:
Arnica montana is available in a multi-dose tube, with approx. 80 pellets.

http://www.arnicare.com/about/arnica-montana/
Arnica Montana

As seasons change, so do our activities. We take up new sports or exercise routines; we take to the
outdoors to start gardening again or to tackle a home improvement project. Strains from unaccustomed
tasks such as these are likely to cause sore muscles.
Fortunately, theres Arnica, a convenient and reliable medicine for muscle pain, stiffness and bruises.
Arnica has been used for centuries as a natural pain reliever.
What is Arnica Montana?
Arnica montana is the Latin name for a perennial that grows 1 to 2 feet tall with bright, yellow daisy-like
flowers that appear in July and August. It is found on the moist, grassy upland meadows in the hills and
mountains of northern and central Europe and Siberia. It is also found sparsely in the northwestern
United States. More common names for Arnica are Mountain daisy, Leopards bane and Mountain
tobacco. Arnica is toxic when ingested at full strength, but it can be used as an ointment, gel or cream
on unbroken skin or taken internally when it is diluted homeopathically.
25

St. Hildegard, a nun known for her keen observation of nature and physiology, among other things,
wrote about the healing properties of the Arnica montana plant in the 12
th
century. Since at least the
16
th
century, mountain people in the Alpine area have used it to relieve muscle aches and bruises.
Today, Arnica has grown to be one of the most popular homeopathic medicines throughout the world. It
is trusted by professional athletes to soothe sore muscles, by prominent cosmetic surgeons to relieve
post-procedure pain, and by savvy moms to treat playground bumps and bruises.
Arnica can also be used to relieve stiffness from flying or long-distance driving. And anyone who bruises
easily will appreciate Arnicas ability to reduce bruise discoloration.
To help recover from minor injuries, overexertion or surgery, Arnica is a must for every medicine
cabinet. Whether you are an active baby boomer, a weekend warrior or a professional athlete, its the
perfect answer to all of lifes little injuries.

http://www.arnicamontanacream.com/
Arnica Cream
All people can get a bruise, and that is a fact of life. There are different ways to acquire this; a person
may fall resulting in bruises, or even after a surgical procedure was performed. Some people get bruised
easily, while others do not. What is a good way to get rid of these bruises? The answer is by using Arnica
cream of course. It doesnt stop there; it can also be used for relieving pain, and removing stiffness.
What is an Arnica Cream?
This cream has been used as early as the 15th century. It is made from the alpine plant called the Arnica
Montana and is a close family of the sunflower plant. That is why people who are allergic to sunflower,
may also be allergic to Arnica. The plant supports a flower head, and it can reach as high as 6o cm in
height. Like the sunflower, it also has a huge yellow appearance of around 5 cm in diameter. Sadly,
because of rising agriculture, the plant is becoming rare. Its other name is the leopards bane.
Different uses of the Arnica Cream:
This cream has been utilized to treat bruises for many years, but people are beginning to see its
different benefits including pain relief brought about by muscle pains, joint pains, sprains, strains,
superficial phlebitis, swelling, and even from the inflammation caused by an insect bite.
The roots of the plant are very useful because it contains variants of Thymol. The roots are not only used
to relieve inflammation, but can also be utilized as a preservative or fungicides. When used as a gel, the
Arnica is very effective in treating pain from osteoarthritis. Studies show that more than 70 percent of
patients suffering from this condition were able to overcome the stiffness in their joints and was also
given relief from pain.
Some doctors who deal in plastic surgery advise their clients to utilize arnica to lessen the inflammation,
as well as mend the bruised tissue because it will make the recovery quicker. Sports enthusiast and
trainers also benefit from this and rely on it to relieve the soreness which they got from practicing all
day and using their body.
26

After surgery was performed, a client who will apply it to the surgical area will be able to help lessen the
post operative symptom. The patient should remember to apply it only when the wound is completely
healed to prevent side effects from occurring.
What are the other remedies a person should be aware of?
Some homeopathic remedies can be taken orally, but they are already diluted from the plant. The
Arnica can be deadly when ingested, that is why consulting the doctor is a must before attempting to do
anything with it other than the prescribed.
What are the precautions when using homeopathic remedies?
Take note that before trying something new, a person should seek the approval of his doctor.
There are some precautions a person should take into consideration when using Arnica, whether it is in
cream form, or herbal remedy for internal use.
Breastfeeding or pregnant women should not use the Arnica cream. Experts have yet to determine the
possible side effects it can cause an infant, and because the Arnica can be passed into the breast milk,
this is not advisable at all.
Some people may be allergic to the herb itself; naturally they should not utilize the other products as
well, such as the Arnica cream. People who are allergic to sunflower may also be allergic to the Arnica.
Arnica should not be utilized for prolonged periods and is recommended for short-term use only. That is
because it can result in skin irritation, peeling, blister, and eczema. If a person already has eczema it is
strongly advised to seek the approval of the doctor first before use because it may cause the condition
to worsen.
Topical creams are not to be ingested. It should not be applied to an open wound or broken skin. Allow
the skin to heal first before application because it may be absorbed causing serious complications.
When eaten, a person may suffer from gastroenteritis, palpitations, and heart irregularities. This should
not be utilized as an internal remedy.
If a person is taking medicines, make it a habit to ask the doctor if the cream is safe to use, just to be
sure.

http://www.healthline.com/natstandardcontent/arnica
Arnica (Arnica chamissonis, Arnica cordifolia, Arnica
fulgens, Arnica latifolia, Arnica montana, Arnica sororia)
a topical agent - treats Ileus, Coagulation, Osteoarthritis, Diabetic retinopathy, Stroke, Diarrhea in children, Pain,
Muscle soreness, Bruising, and Trauma
Generic Name: arnica topical
Category
Herbs & Supplements
27

Synonyms
6-methoxykaempferol, Aconitum napellus, alisma, American arnica, Arnica augustifolia, Arnica
chamissonis, Arnica cordifolia, arnica da serra, arnica flower, Arnica fulgens, Arnica latifolia, Arnica
lonchophylla, Arnica montana, arnica root, Arnica sororia, arnica spray, Arnicae flos, arnicaid, arniflora,
arnika, Arnikablten, Asteraceae (family), bergwohlverleih, btoine des montagnes, betuletol, bilmes
herb, Caltha alpina, chamissonolid, common arnica, Compositae (family), donnerblume, engel trank,
European arnica, fallherb, fallkraut, flavonoids, fleurs d'arnica, guldblomme, helenalin, herbe aux
chutes, hispidulin, jaceosidin, kraftwurz, leopard's bane, lignans, monkshood, mountain arnica,
mountain daisy, mountain snuff, mountain tobacco, pectolinarigenin, polmonaria di montagna,
prickherb, sesquiterpene lactones, SinEcch
TM
, smokeherb, sneezewort, snuffplant, souci des alpes,
Spanish flower heads, St. John's strength flower, strengthwort, tabac des Vosges, tabaco de montana,
thunderwort, waldblume, wellbestow, wolfesgelega, wolf's bane, wolf's eye, wolf's yellow, wolfsbane,
wolfsblume, wolfstoterin, woundherb, wundkraut.
Note: This monograph does not include Heterotheca incloides (Mexican arnica).
Background
Arnica montana is commonly used in herbal ointments and oils applied on the skin as an anti-
inflammatory and pain-relieving agent for aches, bruises, and sprains on unbroken skin. Highly diluted
homeopathic preparations are considered safe and are widely used for the treatment of injuries.
However, full doses of arnica may be toxic when taken by mouth. Arnica may also be damaging to the
heart, resulting in high blood pressure.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has declared arnica an unsafe herb due to adverse effects
reported when taken by mouth. In contrast, the German market offers over 100 preparations of arnica
to its consumers. In Canada, arnica is not allowed for use as a non-medicinal ingredient for oral (by
mouth) use products.
Evidence
DISCLAIMER: These uses have been tested in humans or animals. Safety and effectiveness have not always been
proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare
provider.
Bruising: Homeopathic and topical (on the skin) arnica is widely used to prevent or treat hemorrhages
(heavy bleeding), hematomas (blood clots), and bruising. More study is needed in this area to draw a
firm conclusion.
Grade: C
Coagulation (blood clotting): Homeopathic arnica does not seem to affect bleeding time or platelet
count. More studies are needed in this area.
Grade: C
Diabetic retinopathy: Homeopathic arnica has been used for improving retinal microcirculation, thereby
slowing the progression of damage to the retina of the eye in diabetics. Although early study is
promising, additional study is needed before a firm conclusion can be reached.
Grade: C
28

Diarrhea in children (acute): Arnica has not been well studied for its effects on diarrhea, but early study
suggests that homeopathic arnica may decrease the duration of diarrhea in children. Further study is
needed to make a strong recommendation.
Grade: C
Ileus (postoperative): Postoperative ileus is characterized by a temporary impairment of gastrointestinal
motility. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, reduced desire to eat, and an
inability to pass gas or stool. There is early evidence that homeopathic arnica treatment may reduce the
duration of ileus after abdominal or gynecologic surgery. Well-designed research is needed to make a
strong recommendation.
Grade: C
Osteoarthritis: Arnica gel has been used on the skin for osteoarthritis pain and stiffness, due to its anti-
inflammatory constituents. Although early study is promising, additional study is needed.
Grade: C
Pain (post-operative): Some patients use homeopathic arnica to relieve pain after an operation.
However, arnica is often used with other pain-relieving agents. It is unclear how effective arnica is alone
for the treatment of pain.
Grade: C
Stroke: Homeopathic arnica has been used in stroke recovery. More research is needed before a firm
recommendation can be made.
Grade: C
Trauma: Many patients use arnica to relieve pain postoperatively. Further study is needed to define the
effectiveness of arnica in postoperative pain.
Grade: C
Muscle soreness: Homeopaths believe that arnica may be effective in relieving pain due to delayed
onset muscle soreness, which is defined by exercise to which subjects are unaccustomed. Currently, it is
not recommended to give arnica for this indication, although it does not appear to be unsafe for use.
Grade: D
Tradition
WARNING: DISCLAIMER: The below uses are based on tradition, scientific theories, or limited research. They often
have not been thoroughly tested in humans, and safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of
these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider. There may
be other proposed uses that are not listed below.
Abortifacient (inducing abortion), abscess (homeopathy), acne, alopecia (hair loss), angina pectoris (chest pain),
antibacterial, antifungal, antihistamine, antiseptic, aphrodisiac, aphthous ulcers, asthma, atherosclerosis, back
pain, bad breath, bed sores, blindness, blood loss (postpartum), boils (topical), breast tenderness, bronchitis,
burns (post-laser treatment), cancer, canker sores, cardiac abnormalities, cardiotonic, carpal tunnel syndrome,
chapped lips, chilblains (cold blisters), chronic venous insufficiency, concussions, contusions, corns, coronary
artery disease, cough (smoker's cough), cramps, decongestant, dental caries, diabetes, diaphoretic (induces
sweating), diarrhea, dislocations (topical), diuretic (increases urine flow), dysentery (severe diarrhea), exercise
performance, exhaustion, eye strain/fatigue, fever (intermittent or traumatic), fibromyalgia, fractures,
furunculosis (skin disease), gallstones, gingivitis, gonarthrosis (chronic wear of cartilage in knee joints), hepatitis,
hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol), immunostimulant, inflammation, influenza, insect bites, irritated mucous
membranes (nostrils), joint pain (topical), kidney problems, liver disorders, mastitis (breast
29

infection/inflammation), miscarriage, musculoskeletal injury, myocarditis/ endocarditis (heart infections), nerve
pain, paralysis (spinal), perineal trauma, pharyngitis (sore throat), pleural effusions, pulmonary embolism,
respiratory problems, rheumatoid arthritis, sore throat, stimulant, surgical uses, swelling, tender feet, thirst,
thrombophlebitis, tumors, varicose veins, whooping cough, wound healing.
Dosing
Adults (18 years and older)
Arnica is toxic if taken internally except when diluted into homeopathic preparations. Homeopathic
treatment is usually individualized to correspond specifically to the patient's symptoms. Typical
homeopathic dosing uses either 5C or 30C potency tablets sublingually (under the tongue) three times a
day. Doses can be taken for 24 hours or up to six months, although a qualified healthcare practitioner,
including a pharmacist, should be consulted before making decisions about dosing.
Other forms of arnica dosing include tinctures taken by mouth, or ointments and fresh plant gel applied
on the skin. There is not enough scientific evidence to give specific doses or times for these forms.
Children (younger than 18 years)
There is no proven safe or effective dose of arnica in children.
Safety
DISCLAIMER: Many complementary techniques are practiced by healthcare professionals with formal training, in
accordance with the standards of national organizations. However, this is not universally the case, and adverse
effects are possible. Due to limited research, in some cases only limited safety information is available.
Allergies
Avoid in individuals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to arnica or any member of the Asteraceae
or Compositae families. Possible cross-sensitivity can occur in those allergic to the Asteraceae or
Compositae family (Achillea millefolium, Ambrosia species, Anthemis cotula asters, calendula,
chamomile, chrysanthemum, dahlia, daisy, dandelion, dog fennel chicory, Matricaria chamomilla,
mugwort, marigold, May weed, sunflower, tansy, and yarrow).
Side Effects and Warnings
Arnica is likely safe when used short-term in oral or sublingual (under tongue) homeopathic doses. It is
possibly safe when applied topically/externally to unbroken skin for short-term use. Arnica is likely
unsafe when taken by mouth in doses higher than homeopathic dilutions. It may also be unsafe when
used topically (on the skin) long-term. Using full strength tinctures on hypersensitive or broken skin is
also not recommended.
Ingestion of arnica extracts has been known to increase heartbeat and increase bleeding time.
Allergic reactions may occur when taking arnica in full strength preparations or when handling the plant.
Reactions including Sweet's syndrome, facial eczema, oral lesions (mouth wounds), itchy erythema
(reddening of the skin) of the legs, trunk (torso), and face, and dermatitis.
30

Taking Arnica montana-containing extracts by mouth has caused severe gastroenteritis (inflammation of
the stomach), including gastrointestinal problems due to mucosal irritation nervousness, nausea, and
vomiting.
Arnica may also cause muscle weakness, collapse, and death. High doses may impair urine flow and
damage the kidneys and liver. There is also the potential for organ damage, coma, and death with the
internal use of arnica.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Internal use of arnica is not recommended in pregnant women due to the potential for uterine
stimulation and toxicity. Avoid if breastfeeding.
Interactions
Interactions with Drugs
Arnica may interact with anesthetic (pain-reducing) drugs, corticosteroids, or anti-inflammatories;
reduce the effectiveness of blood pressure-lowering drugs; and/or enhance bleeding if taken with other
anticoagulants (blood thinners). Caution is advised.
Arnica applied to the skin may increase hydroxyethyl salicylate's analgesic (pain-relieving) effect.
Certain constituents found in arnica may lower serum lipids. Caution is advised in those patients taking
cholesterol-lowering medications.
Interactions with Herbs and Dietary Supplements
Arnica may interact with herb or supplements with anesthetic (pain-reducing), steroid, or anti-
inflammatory effects.
Arnica may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with drugs that increase the risk of bleeding.
Multiple cases of bleeding have been reported with the use of Ginkgo biloba, and fewer cases with garlic
and saw palmetto.
Arnica use may reduce the effectiveness of blood pressure-lowering herbs and supplements.
Arnica used with daisy (Bellis perennis) may reduce postpartum blood loss. A qualified healthcare
practitioner, including a pharmacist, should be consulted before combining herbs and supplements.
Attribution
This information is based on a professional level monograph edited and peer-reviewed by contributors
to the Natural Standard Research Collaboration (www.naturalstandard.com): Ethan Basch, MD
(Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center); Nicole Giese, MS (Natural Standard Research Collaboration);
Nicole Giese, MS (Natural Standard Research Collaboration); Mary Giles, PharmD (University of Rhode
Island); Michael Goble, BS, PharmD (Massachusetts College of Pharmacy); Nicole M. Maisch, PharmD
(St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions); Erica Seamon, PharmD
(Natural Standard Research Collaboration); David Sollars, MAc, HMC (New England School of
Acupuncture); Shaina Tanguay-Colucci, BS (Natural Standard Research Collaboration); Verda Tunaligil,
31

MD, MPH (Harvard School of Public Health); Catherine Ulbricht, PharmD (Massachusetts General
Hospital); Mamta Vora, PharmD (Natural Standard Research Collaboration); Wendy Weissner, BA
(Natural Standard Research Collaboration).
Bibliography
DISCLAIMER: Natural Standard developed the above evidence-based information based on a thorough systematic
review of the available scientific articles. For comprehensive information about alternative and complementary
therapies on the professional level, go to www.naturalstandard.com. Selected references are listed below.
Baillargeon L, Drouin J, Desjardins L, et al. The effects of arnica montana on bleeding time: a randomized
clinical trial. Biomedical Therapy 1998;16(4):272-276.
Bergonzi MC, Bilia AR, Casiraghi A, et al. Evaluation of skin permeability of sesquiterpenes of an
innovative supercritical carbon dioxide Arnica extract by HPLC/DAD/MS. Pharmazie 2005;60(1):36-38.
Brinkhaus B, Wilkens JM, Ludtke R, et al. Homeopathic arnica therapy in patients receiving knee surgery:
results of three randomised double-blind trials. Complement Ther Med. 2006 Dec;14(4):237-46.
Cuzzolin L, Zaffani S, Benoni G. Safety implications regarding use of phytomedicines. Eur J Clin Pharmacol
2006;62(1):37-42.
Hart O, Mullee MA, Lewith G, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of
homoeopathic arnica C30 for pain and infection after total abdominal hysterectomy. J R Soc Med
1997;90(2):73-78.
Knuesel O, Weber M, Suter A. Arnica montana gel in osteoarthritis of the knee: an open, multicenter
clinical trial. Adv Ther 2002;19(5):209-218.
Kos O, Lindenmeyer MT, Tubaro A, et al. New sesquiterpene lactones from Arnica tincture prepared
from fresh flowerheads of Arnica montana. Planta Med 2005;71(11):1044-1052.
Oberbaum M, Galoyan N, Lerner-Geva L, et al. The effect of the homeopathic remedies Arnica montana
and Bellis perennis on mild postpartum bleeding--a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study-
-preliminary results. Complement Ther Med 2005;13(2):87-90.
Raschka C, Trostel Y. Effect of a homeopathic arnica preparation (D4) on delayed onset muscle soreness.
Placebo-controlled crossover study. MMW Fortschr Med. 2006 Jul 20;148(29-30):35.
Robertson A, Suryanarayanan R, Banerjee A. Homeopathic Arnica montana for post-tonsillectomy
analgesia: a randomized placebo control trial. Homeopathy. 2007 Jan;96(1):17-21.
Seeley BM, Denton AB, Ahn MS, et al. Effect of homeopathic Arnica montana on bruising in face-lifts:
results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Arch Facial Plast Surg
2006;8(1):54-59.
Stevinson C, Devaraj VS, Fountain-Barber A, et al. Homeopathic arnica for prevention of pain and
bruising: randomized placebo-controlled trial in hand surgery. J R Soc Med 2003;96(2):60-65.
Totonchi A, Guyuron B. A randomized, controlled comparison between arnica and steroids in the
management of postrhinoplasty ecchymosis and edema. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2007 Jul;120(1):271-4.
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Tuten C, McClung J. Reducing muscle soreness with Arnica montana: Is it effective? Alternative and
Complementary Therapies 1999;5(6):369-372.
Vickers AJ, Fisher P, Smith C, et al. Homeopathic Arnica 30x is ineffective for muscle soreness after long-
distance running: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin J Pain 1998;14(3):227-231.
Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines
with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.

http://www.drweil.com/drw/u/REM00027/Arnica-Dr-Weil-Herbal-Remedies.html
Arnica
Technical
Name:
(Arnica montana) A daisy-like mountain flower
Used for: Bruises, sprains, soreness and swelling/muscle spasms from sports activity; arthritis set
off by seasonal change; general muscle and joint pain.
Available In: Tincture, homeopathic ointment, cream, salve and pills
Herb Drug: Some people are sensitive to the compound helenalin found in arnica. If you develop a
mild rash, then you are probably helenalin-sensitive and should stop using arnica.
Interaction: Arnica is toxic if it gets inside the body. Never apply arnica in any form on broken skin or
on an open wound. Never take arnica internally unless it's in the form of homeopathic
pills that contain too little arnica to cause harm.
When Buying: Look for pure arnica extract, homeopathic pills with 30x dilution, or topical applications.
Dosage and
Warning:
External ointments and tinctures: Rub or massage arnica tincture freely onto injured area,
only if skin isn't broken. Arnica compresses: Mix 1 tablespoon of arnica tincture in 1 pint
of purified water. Dip a gauze pad in the mixture, then put it on the arthritic joint or
bruised area. Homeopathic arnica pills: Pour 4 pills into the cap of the bottle, them toss
them into your mouth, under the tongue. (Never handle homeopathic pills, in order to
preserve their energetic qualities.) The pills can be taken every two hours for the first 24
hours after the injury, but not within a half-hour of eating. Use the 30x dilution as a first
aid treatment for minor injury and prior to dental work to reduce bruising.
Child Dosage: Half the adult dose

http://www.britishhomeopathic.org/bha-charity/how-we-can-help/medicine-a-z/arnica-montana/
Arnica montana
one of the best-known homeopathic remedies for bruising has a deeper significance, writes Marysia
Kratimenos

Arnica montana is one of the best-known homeopathic remedies. It has been used for several trials to
demonstrate the effect of homeopathic remedies on bruising and trauma. Indeed some plastic surgeons
swear by it for reducing bruising after cosmetic surgery. Many people are converted to the
homeopathic cause after seeing spectacular results with this humble herb. Arnica montana belongs to
the Compositae family, in other words it is a relative of the common daisy. Several of this family of
plants are used homeopathically and herbally Calendula, Chamomilla, Echinacea, Millefolium (yarrow),
Solidago (golden rod) and Taraxacum (dandelion). The star shaped flowers of this botanical family are
33

familiar to us all as sunflowers and ornamental daisies. Other members of the Compositae family include
food crops such as lettuce, chicory, globe artichoke and guayule a source of hypoallergenic latex.
The plants are rich in inulin, a compound between sugar and starch that the plants store in their
underground organs as a source of energy. It is used as a natural sweetener for diabetics. The
Compositae contain selenium and arnica ash is rich in manganese. Both selenium and manganese are
powerful anti-oxidants in the human body and in addition manganese is an essential element needed
for healthy bones, wound-healing, and the metabolism of proteins, cholesterol and carbohydrates. It
may well be that it is this rich source of manganese that facilitates healing, acting in combination with
the other plant chemicals. Manganese levels affect the levels of iron, magnesium and calcium in the
body. Manganese deficiency is rarely seen (or recognised) except in individuals fed artificially through
their veins. They develop abnormalities in the skeleton, impaired growth and skin rashes.
Arnica the plant
Arnica montana is an alpine plant, growing in nutrient-poor soil. It can potentially reach a height of up to
60cm, but this is unusual given the harsh conditions at high altitudes. It grows in meadows up to 3,000
metres above sea level, where it is exposed to strong sunlight. The higher the altitude, the more aro-
matic the plant will become.
It is found throughout Europe, but nowadays it is more common to see hybrids of Arnica rather than the
pure species growing wild. The natural habitat has been encroached upon by agriculture. Arnica cannot
grow in areas where fertiliser has been used and aerial fertilisation has had a huge, negative impact on
the wild population in the Voges mountains of France. Arnica grows best in moist, peaty siliceous soils
and chalk is harmful even in small quantities.
Arnica is in great demand herbally and homeopathically, which has led to over-harvesting. The World
Wildlife Fund (WWF) with other conservation agencies has drawn attention to this issue, and thankfully
many countries have responded by introducing legislation to protect the species. A license is required to
collect the plant in many European countries, but unfortunately this is almost impossible to police so the
temptation to make money has taken precedence over the long-term maintenance of natural stock.
Only Spain lacks prohibitive laws regarding arnica collection, yet 1,000 to 3,000 kg of wild arnica was
imported into Germany from Romania in the period 1989 to 1999 according to figures obtained by
WWF.
Responsible companies have attempted to farm arnica to cater for the demand, but it is a tricky plant to
cultivate so their results have been mixed. It loves the harshness of its natural habitat and this is very
challenging to reproduce commercially. Its inborn need to survive has led to cross-breeding in the wild.
Herbal use
For centuries arnica montana has been used herbally for bruising and sprains.
Generations of Swiss mountain guides chewed arnica leaves to prevent fatigue induced by climbing. The
dried leaves were used as a substitute for tobacco, hence its common name of mountain tobacco. The
dried flowers promote sneezing, so it was also known as snuff plant. Fall kraut, fall herb and wound
herb, other eponyms, demonstrate the age-old use for the effects of trauma. The flowers are used as a
compress for sprains and bruises. The bright yellow flowers glisten in the sunshine and can resemble the
eyes of a wolf from a distance, hence the name Wolfesgelega, wolfs eye in German. Leopards bane is a
reference to its wild beauty and elegance, and independent spirit.
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The root contains essential oils which are powerful antiinflammatory agents. The ski resorts are well-
versed in the benefits of arnica massages and body wraps using arnica are readily available in many,
and I was highly amused to see a Hotel Arnica in Madonna di Campiglio in the Italian Dolomites!
Herbally the plant has been used for traumatic injuries involving bruising, and as a cardiac tonic for weak
and weary hearts. It is also used homeopathically to support the heart, and for weakness and weariness
in the elderly.
Arnica is also used to stimulate the kidneys, but can be quite toxic in herbal solutions. The ingestion of
large quantities can cause irritation to the gut; a temporary stimulation is followed by a depression of
the circulation, respiration and temperature. Violent headaches ensue, the pupils dilate and then
muscular paralysis sets in. The whole nervous system is paralysed and death results. Arnica should be
used judiciously on the skin as it can cause nasty irritating rashes.
Homeopathic use
Samuel Hahnemann first potentised Arnica montana, recognising its powerful actions and its potential
toxicity. In homeopathy today it is used both herb-ally in the forms of creams and tinctures as well as in
the potentised form.
The whole plant is used for the homeopathic remedy. The plant is often infested with small insects,
betraying its role as a victim. Fungi grow as parasites on the leaves. The plants have to be washed
carefully before the remedy can be prepared.
Arnica montana is used as a trauma remedy, a remedy for bruising injuries, but its actions are more
widespread than that. As the US homeopathic physician, James Tyler Kent (1849-1916), stated, It is a
wonderful remedy, a misunderstood remedy, a misused remedy, because it is almost limited to bruises.
Many of the homeopathic trials have relied on Arnicas ability to heal bruising, ignoring the bigger
remedy picture and emotional state. Homeopathic remedies aim to heal at a deeper level than the
superficial expression of the bodys imbalance. They are directed at the disease felt on every level, not
the mere disease a label given to the physical disturbance. In some subtle way they allow the person
to recognise their behaviour patterns, their delusions, and their prejudicial way of viewing the world
and take action to change things.
Although Arnica is most commonly used as an acute emergency remedy, one may see the deeper
constitutional picture emerge. Arnica is not just a remedy for the bruised body; it is a remedy of the
bruised soul. As Massimo Mangialavori so eloquently phrased it, it is a remedy for someone who
doesnt forget pains. Indeed the Arnica constitution is one who attracts pain on every level, just as the
Staphysagria woman attracts the wife-beater and the Natrum muriaticum girl constantly falls in love
with unavailable men. There is a perverse logic to it all. In repeating our personal histories, we are
allowing life to act homeopathically to heal our souls. The why does this always happen to me? is the
first step towards insight and life changes.
In the playground we are constantly told that sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will
never hurt me. Maybe it is this that causes the Arnica state! Words do have a profound, negative effect
on the psyche and Arnica patients suffer with bruised feelings and injured pride, as well as the physical
effects of trauma. Like the plant itself, they are victims of the bullies and will often say theyve been
battered and beaten by life.
In a desperate attempt to toughen up and avoid the bullies, children often mask their physical and
emotional injuries Im okay, it didnt really hurt. Like the down-trodden daisy they bounce back,
stronger, or apparently stronger, than ever. They take the adage what doesnt kill you, strengthens
35

you to the ultimate conclusion. The faade of coping relies heavily on masking the pain, convincing
themselves and others that theyve survived. That they are tough. That they can cope with the bullies.
Hence the homeopathic rubric fears approach. Using the playground analogy, will the attentions of
teacher help their situation, or will the bullies reek vengeance for telling tales? Despite the anti
bullying policies in place in schools, most victims fear complaining to adults, admitting they are victims,
that they cant cope with the rough and tumble of life. And all too often the victim is accused or even
blamed. The only rational coping mechanism is to pretend they are strong. Mind over matter
translates as I dont mind and you dont matter. Anything else would betray their weakness and make
them feel a failure. Arnicas compensation is fuelled by a need to overcome this sense of failure. They
learn to do life alone, relying totally on themselves and hence can appear haughty and intolerant of
others in later life.
However, this response often leads to the child ending up as the physical or emotional punch-bag of the
aggressor. With no one to listen and protect, their justified anger at the situation becomes channelled
into physical activity. Many Arnica patients use vigorous exercise to defuse anger and aggression, the
physical pain has an almost cleansing effect on their mood. In fact many admit to being accident-prone.
They have a tendency to prove themselves by going further, working harder, indulging in dangerous
sports and going beyond the limits of endurance without complaint: they take pride in their strength.
Their anger is intense and Arnica is listed under ailments from anger, as well as irritability. The Arnica
person can be very snappy indeed, refusing to be examined, declaring themselves to be well when it is
perfectly obvious they need medical attention. They are averse to consolation and attention as they fear
they might be hurt yet again.
The pain is vividly recalled, as is the accident or incident. There may be terrifying nightmares, a post
traumatic stress syndrome may develop. Unlike the Aconite state, where the fear engulfs the person
constantly, with Arnica the memories only occur when the conscious mind is unable to suppress the
feelings, as in sleep.
It is often the response to pain caused by an accident that guides the practitioner to the constitutional
Arnica picture. In one case a woman with a minor head injury was prescribed Arnica on the basis of the
Dont fuss, Im fine response to the injury. The patient reported back that the fibromyalgia that had
plagued her for years had vanished. She said she used to wake up feeling as if shed gone ten rounds
with Mike Tyson before the Arnica! And more importantly, she became more aware of her tendency to
beat herself up whenever things didnt work out. She had viewed her arthritis as a sign of personal
failure, a weakness. Following the prescription, she found she was more able to state the limitations of
her condition, and give herself the rest she so desperately needed. She no longer feared being regarded
as weak and feeble, and her attitude to her disease changed dramatically. She was able to ask for much
needed help.
A deeper understanding of Arnica is emerging, thanks to the pioneering work of George Vithoulkas,
Massimo Mangialavori and Rajan Sankaran to mention but a few. Although it seemed like the perfect
remedy to prove that homeopathy works to our critics, Arnica has not yet proved its effectiveness in
clinical trials. It could be that poor trial design is to blame because the results go against everything that
200 years of homeopathic practice tell us. However opponents of homeopathy have used this as a stick
to beat us. But Arnica is Arnica. It has shown its constitutional picture as the victim of the bullies. Its
reputation has been bruised, battered by the sceptics. The it cant work, so it does not work approach
to homeopathy has led to a bruised, battered homeopathic community. But Arnica is a daisy it will
bounce back, as will homeopathy.