Model i ng AVO Cl asses

This document describes modeling of the gas sand AVO classes and the
derived AVO attributes for both positive and reverse polarity wavelets.
Feby Hapsari
VHR J akarta - October 2006
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Rut her f or d/Wi l l i ams Cl assi f i c at i on
Rutherford and Williams (1989) derived the following classification scheme for AVO
anomalies, with further modifications by Ross and Kinman (1995) and Castagna
(1997):
Class 1: High impedance sand with decreasing AVO
Class 2: Near-zero impedance contrast
Class 2p: Same as 2, with polarity change
Class 3: Low impedance sand with increasing AVO
Class 4: Low impedance sand with decreasing AVO
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This figure from Castagna et
al (1998) illustrates all 5 of
the gas sand AVO classes.
Gas Sand AVO Cl asses
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Depth (m) P-wave (m/s) S-wave (m/s) Density (g/cc)
0 2900 1330 2.29
1000 2900 1330 2.29
1010 3220 1620 2.35
2000 2900 1330 2.29
Class 1
Depth (m) P-wave (m/s) S-wave (m/s) Density (g/cc) Depth (m) P-wave (m/s) S-wave (m/s) Density (g/cc)
0 2900 1330 2.29 0 2900 1330 2.29
1000 2900 1330 2.29 1000 2900 1330 2.29
1010 2800 1620 2.28 1010 3000 1620 2.3
2000 2900 1330 2.29 2000 2900 1330 2.29
Depth (m) P-wave (m/s) S-wave (m/s) Density (g/cc) Depth (m) P-wave (m/s) S-wave (m/s) Density (g/cc)
0 2900 1330 2.29 0 2900 1330 2.29
1000 2900 1330 2.29 1000 2900 1330 2.29
1010 2540 1620 2.09 1010 2540 1120 2.39
2000 2900 1330 2.29 2000 2900 1330 2.29
Class 4
Class 2 Class 2p
Class 3
The model was a 10 m thick sand at 1000 m depth. The data used for creating simple 3-
layer models is as shown:
Dat a
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Cl ass 1
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Cl ass 1
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Cl ass 2
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Cl ass 2
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Cl ass 2p
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Cl ass 2p
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Cl ass 3
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Cl ass 3
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Cl ass 4
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Cl ass 4
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Posi t i ve Pol ar i t y A* B Pr oduc t
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Rever se Pol ar i t y A* B Pr oduc t
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Posi t i ve Pol ar i t y SPR
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Rever se Pol ar i t y SPR
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Posi t i ve Pol ar i t y Rs
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Rever se Pol ar i t y Rs
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Posi t i ve Pol ar i t y Fl ui d Fac t or
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Rever se Pol ar i t y Fl ui d Fac t or