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Program - MBA

Semester 1
Subject code & name MB0038 : Management Process and
Organisational Behaviour

1. What do you mean by Span of Control? Differentiate between narrow span
of control and wide span of control. Describe the factors that influence the span
of control.

A Meaning of span of control

The term span of control indicates the number of employees or managers who work under
one head. Span of control may be narrow or broad. When a very few people report to a head
and a chain is made that way upward, then it is called narrow span. Thus in a narrow

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2. Define the term controlling. What are the pre-requisites of
effective control?

Definition of controlling
Controlling can be defined as measuring and correcting of performance to achieve the
organisational goals. According to Brech, Controlling is a systematic exercise which is
called as a process of checking actual performance against the standards or plans with a
view to ensure adequate progress and also recording such experience as is gained as a

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3. Define the term personality. Describe Cattells Personality Factor
Model.

Personality can be defined as a dynamic and organised set of characteristics possessed
by a person which uniquely influences his/her knowledge, motivations and behaviour in
various situations (Ryckman, 2004). According to Pervin, Cervone & John, (2005),
personality refers to those characteristics of the person that account for consistent

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4. Discuss the contemporary theories of motivation.

Contemporary Theories of Motivation
ERG Theory: Alderfer (1972) classifies needs into three categories 1) The existence
category that provides our basic material existence requirements (akin to Maslows
physiological and safety), 2) Relatedness category which provides relationship and social
status (akin to Social) and 3) Growth category which refers to personal development (akin to

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5. What are the factors that affect group behaviour?

There are several factors that affect group behaviour in addition to the group process. These
factors affect the group process and group decision making and hence it is important to learn
about them.

Norms
Norms can be defined as acceptable standards of behaviour that are shared by the
group members. This is a guideline for members detailing what they ought and ought
not to do under certain circumstances. Norms can be classified into many categories. Out

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6. Define the term leadership. Write a brief note on Contingency
Theories of Leadership

Definitions of leadership
Warren Bennis' definition of leadership is focused much more on the individual capability
of the leader: "Leadership is a function of knowing yourself, having a vision that is well
communicated, building trust among colleagues, and taking effective action to realise
your own leadership potential."
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