Witricity Report

REPORT
ON
ON
Wi-Tricity Wi-Tricity
SUBMITTED TO:
Prof. K.K. Tripathi
SUBMITTED BY:
Himanshu Pand!
Ro"" No.#$$%&'($%)(
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Page 1 of 25 | By:Himansu Pandey
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I, HIMANSHU PANDEY wish to express my gratit!e
with a great p"easre towar!s #$%"e !ire&tor Dr.
R.K.Aar!a" at A.K.#.E.$.% #&a'ia(ad for pro'i!i(g
the fa&i"ities !ri(g this i('estigatio( wor)*
I am e+a""y i(!e%te! to my tea&her, Pr)*. K.K.+ri,a-&i
for the &o(sta(t e(&orageme(t a(! gi!a(&e he referre!
to me for the &omp"etio( of this pro,e&t*
I am high"y o%"ige! to my pare(ts who he"pe! me
fi(a(&ia""y to (!erta)e a(! &omp"ete this i('estigatio(
wor)*
HIMANSHU PANDEY
E$E.$
$/N+EN+S
-* INT.OD/CTION
0* #I1TO.2
3* T#E 4O.GOTTEN IN5ENTION
6* I1.E7O.N IN 0889
:* E;PE.IMENT 72 T#E TEAM
<* W#AT I1 WI=T.ICIT2

9* T2PE1 O4 WI.ELE11 POWE.
>* T.AN1MI11ION
?* #OW WI.ELE11 POWE. WO.K1
-8* 4EAT/.E1 @ 7ENE4IT1
--* 7ENE4IT1 O4 WIT.ICIT2
-0* 1A4T2 CONCE.N A7O/T WI=T.ICIT2
-3* APPLICATION1
-6* 1OME MO.E APPLICATION1
-:* MO1T P.OMINENT APPLICATION IN MEDICAL
4IELD
-<* CONCL/ION
INT.OD/CTIONA
Today we do live in the wireless age, in which the air that we
breathe probably contains more information than oxygen.
However, this is also an age where mobile phones, MP3 players,
laptop computers and domestic robots exist alongside old-
fashioned power wires and bulky batteries. Unlike information,
electrical energy is still physically confned to these borderline
anachronistic appliances. Overcoming these last obstacles
would fnally make this a truly wireless world. It all started a
few years ago when Marin Soljac`ic, a physicist at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US, was
driving back home one cold winter night and he heard an
unfriendly beep from his mobile phone. It was the annoying
reminder that the battery was running out, once again. It then
suddenly occurred to Soljac`ic how great it would be if the
mobile phone could take care of its own charging. The next
morning, he returned to his ofce at the MIT determined to fnd
a solution to the problem. An exhaustive literature search soon
revealed that wireless transmission of power was not an
original idea. Back in the1890s Nikola Tesla, one of great
pioneers of electromagnetism, was the frst to envisage that
electricity, then a newly found form of energy, should be
delivered to every house, in every city, in every country on the
planet. However, Tesla did not foresee that people would be
willing to drag wires around the entire globe to use electricity.
Instead, he dreamed of a way of transferring electrical energy
wirelessly over long distances. This would be achieved using
big, coupled electromagnetic resonators able to generate very
large electric felds.

#I1TO.2A
Nikola Tesla at the turn of the 20thcentury
developed a system for transferring large amounts of
power across continental distances.
Telas aim was to bypass the electrical-wire grid.
In 1899, Sir Nikola Tesla Proposed a method of
Wireless Power Transmission.
As it is in Radiative mode, most of the Power
was wasted and has less efciency.
In1899,Tesla achieved a major breakthrough in
his work at Colorado by transmitting 100 million
volts of electric power wirelessly over a distance
of 26 miles to light up a bank of 200 light bulbs
and run one electric motor.
The project was never completed due to a number of
technical and fnancial difculties this.
T#E 4O.GOTTEN IN5ENTION I1
.E7O.N IN 0889
A group of engineers at MIT came up with the idea to
use resonant induction to transmit power wirelessly.
In the frst successful trial of its kind, the team was
able to illuminate a 60-watt light bulb 7ft away .
The team from Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, who call their invention Witricity.


E;PE.IMENT 72 T#E TEAMA
Marine Soljai and his colleagues at MIT set out to explore
and develop the physical theory of how to enable strongly
coupled magnetic resonators to transfer power over
distances that would enable the kind of wireless device
charging that Soljai frst imagined.
Coupled resonators are said to operate in a strongly
coupled regime if their energy transfer rate is substantially
higher than the rate at which they lose energy due to
factors such as material absorption and radiation. In the
strongly coupled regime, energy transfer can be very
efcient. These considerations are universal, applying to all
kinds of resonances.
The team explored a system of two electro-magnetic
resonators coupled through their magnetic felds. They
were able to identify the strongly coupled regime in this
system, and showed that strong coupling could be achieved
over distances that greatly exceeded the size of the
resonant objects themselves. The team had proven that in
this strongly coupled regime, efcient wireless power
transfer could be enabled. Their successful experiment was
published in the journal, Science, in 2007.
The experimental design consisted of two copper coils, each
a self-resonant system. One of the coils, connected to an
AC power supply, was the resonant source. The other coil,
the resonant capture device, was connected to a 60 watt
light bulb.
The power source and capture device were suspended in
mid-air with nylon thread, at distances that ranged from a
few centimeters to over 2.5 meters (8.2 ft).
Not only was the light bulb illuminated, but the theoretical
predictions of high efciency over distance were proven
experimentally.
By placing various objects between the source and capture
device, the team demonstrated how the magnetic near feld
can transfer power through certain materials and around
metallic obstacles.
Thus Prof. Soljais dream of fnding a method to
wirelessly connect mobile electric devices to the existing
electric grid was realized. WiTricity Corp. was soon
launched to carry this technology forward from the MIT
laboratories to commercial production.
W#AT I1 WI=T.ICIT2A
The concept of WiTricity is based on the well known
mechanism of strongly coupled magnetic resonance. This
emerging technology is used to transmit power efciently
over a mid-range distance which is a few times the size of
the resonator.
In WiTricity, energy exchange takes place between two
objects with the same resonant frequency, whereas the
interaction with extraneous of-resonant objects is weak.
This emerging technology will lead to no more messy wires
and with widespread enough use it could even eliminate
costly batteries.
WiTricity has many applications in automobile, oil,
biomedical and every other industry that uses electronic
devices that run on power.
Utilizing WiTricity within implantable device like cardiac
pacemakers could lessen the size of the implanted battery
and could provide an alternative for battery replacement
surgeries.
T2PE1 O4 WI.ELE11 POWE.
T.AN1MI11IONA
Short range; Inductive Coupling
Medium range; Resonant Induction
Long range; Electromagnetic Wave Power Transfer
1 1#O.T .ANGE WI.ELE11 ENE.G2
T.AN1MI11IONA
(INDUCTIVE COUPLING)
Inductive Coupling is a method for short range wireless
energy transfer. Its range can vary, but its often very short.
Because of its short range it usually is used when the
device containing the receiver and the device containing the
transmitter are touching Inductive coupling works on the
principles of electromagnetism:
Magnetic felds decay quickly, making inductive coupling
efective only at very short ranges.
MEDI/M .ANGE WI.ELE11 ENE.G2
T.AN1MI11ION :

(RESONANT INDUCTION ):

Resonant induction sti uses t!e sa"e #$inci#es as "a%netic
induction ("a%netic &ieds to t$ans&e$ cu$$ent) ' (ut it uses
$esonance to inc$ease t!e $an%e at )!ic! t!e t$ans&e$ can
e&&icient* ta+e #ace, -Resonance. is a #!eno"enon t!at causes
an o(/ect to 0i($ate )!en ene$%* o& a ce$tain &$e1uenc* is a##ied,
E0e$*t!in% $esonates at a ce$tain &$e1uenc*' (ased on its s!a#e
and "ate$ia, Ene$%* t$ans&e$s easi* (et)een $esonatin%
o(/ects, 2iT$icit* can t$ans"it eect$icit* )i$eess* at 345
e&&icienc* to a(out 6 &eet,
Lo(g ra(geB E"e&tromag(eti& Wa'e Power
Tra(sferA
#OW WI.ELE11 POWE. WO.K1:

-C Mag(eti& &oi" DA(te((a AC is hose! i( a %ox a(! &a( %e set i(
wa"" or &ei"i(g*
0C A(te((a A, powere! %y mai(s, reso(ates at a spe&ifi& fre+e(&y*
3C E"e&tromag(eti& wa'es tra(smitte! throgh the air*
6C 1e&o(! mag(eti& &oi" DA(te((a 7C fitte! i( "aptopET5 et& reso(ates
at same fre+e(&y as first &oi" a(! a%sor%s e(ergy*
:CE(ergy &harges the !e'i&e*
FEATURES & BENEFITS:
WiTri&ity$s Te&h(o"ogy Te&h(o"ogy 7e(efit
Highly Resonant Strong
Coupling
High Efciency over
Distance
Energy Transfer via
Magnetic Near Field
Penetrates and Wraps-
Around Obstacles
Non-Radiative Energy
Transfer
Safe for People and
Animals
Scalable Design From Milliwatts to
Kilowatts
Flexible Geometry Devices That Can Fit
Into OEM Products
7ENE4IT1 O4 WIT.ICIT2
WIT.ICIT2 TEC#NOLOG2 WILL MAKE
P.OD/CT1A
MO.E CON5ENIENTA
No manual recharging or changing batteries.
Eliminate unsightly, unwieldy and costly power
cords.
MO.E .ELIA7LEA
Never run out of battery power.
Reduce product failure rates by fxing the
weakest link: fexing wiring and mechanical
interconnects.
MO.E EN5I.ONMENTALL2 4.IENDL2A
Reduce use of disposable batteries.
Use efcient electric grid power directly instead
of inefcient battery charging.

1A4T2 CONCE.N A7O/T WI=T.ICIT2A
Yes it is secure !
Principle of witricity is based on oscillating Magnetic felds.
We too live in a globe that is already surrounded by
magnetic waves.

Magnetic felds interact very weakly with biological
organisms.
It is because the magnetic rays will not interact with the
living tissues so strong and can be easily passed through
the humans or other living organisms.
so are not prone to cause any damage to any living beings.
It uses a nonradioactive mode of energy transfer.
APPLICATION1 :
DI.ECT WI.ELE11 POWE.
When all the power a device needs is provided
wirelessly, and no batteries are required. This mode
is for a device that is always used within range of its
WiTricity power source.
A/TOMATIC WI.ELE11 C#A.GING
When a device with rechargeable batteries charges
itself while still in use or at rest, without
requiring a power cord or battery replacement.
This mode is for a mobile device that may be
used both in and out of range of its WiTricity
power source.
1OME MO.E APPLICATION1A
Co(smer E"e&tro(i&sA
Automatic wireless charging of mobile electronics (phones,
laptops, game controllers, etc.) in home, car, ofce, Wi-Fi hotspots
while devices are in use and mobile.
Direct wireless powering of stationary devices (fat screen TVs,
digital picture frames, home theater accessories, wireless loud
speakers, etc.) eliminating expensive custom wiring, unsightly
cables and wall-wart power supplies.
Direct wireless powering of desktop PC peripherals: wireless
mouse, keyboard, printer, speakers, display, etc eliminating
disposable batteries and awkward cabling.

I(!stria"A
Direct wireless power and communication interconnections
across rotating and moving joints (robots, packaging machinery,
assembly machinery, machine tools) eliminating costly and
failure-prone wiring.
Direct wireless power and communication interconnections at
points of use in harsh environments (drilling, mining, underwater,
etc.) where it is impractical or impossible to run wires.
Direct wireless power for wireless sensors and actuators,
eliminating the need for expensive power wiring or battery
replacement and disposal.
Automatic wireless charging for mobile robots, automatic
guided vehicles, cordless tools and instrumentseliminating
complex docking mechanisms, and labor intensive manual
recharging and battery replacement.

Tra(sportatio(A
Automatic wireless charging for existing electric vehicle
classes: golf carts, industrial vehicles.
Automatic wireless charging for future hybrid and all-electric
passenger and commercial vehicles, at home, in parking garages, at
feet depots, and at remote kiosks.
Direct wireless power interconnections to replace costly vehicle
wiring harnesses and slip rings.


Other App"i&atio(sA
Direct wireless power interconnections and automatic wireless
charging for implantable medical devices (ventricular assist devices,
pacemaker, defbrilator, etc.).
Automatic wireless charging and for high tech military systems
(battery powered mobile devices, covert sensors, unmanned mobile
robots and aircraft, etc.).
Direct wireless powering and automatic wireless charging of
smart cards.
Direct wireless powering and automatic wireless charging of
consumer appliances, mobile robots, etc.
Most Promi(e(t App"i&atio( i( Me!i&a"
4ie"!A
Pa&e ma)er %ase! o( Wi=Tri&ity &o(&eptA
Ordinary battery used in pace maker need to be replaced after
6-7 years
Now rechargable batteries are introduced in pace makers.
These batteries can be recharged using witricity technique
This uses magnetic felds for transmission of electricity hence
it is completely SAFE.

CONCL/IONA
The concept of microwave power transmission (mpt)
and wireless power transmission system is
presented. The technological developments in
wireless power transmission (wpt), the advantages,
disadvantages, biological impacts and applications of
wpt are also discussed. This concept ofers greater
possibilities for transmitting power with negligible
losses and ease of transmission than any invention
or discovery heretofore made.
Dr. Neville of nasa states you dont need cables,
pipes, or copper wires to receive power. We can send
it to you like a cell phone call where you want it,
when you want it, in real time. We can expect with
certitude that in next few years wonders will be
brought by its applications if all the conditions are
favourable.
More reliable than traditional power in order for wpt
to become a reality it several things have to happen
government support. Cheaper launch prices
involvement of the private sector.

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